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Presentation U.S. History Primary Source Timeline
Virginia's early relations with native americans.
Those living in the area where Jamestown was settled must have had mixed feelings about the arrival of the English in 1607. One of their first reactions was hostility based on their previous experience with Spanish explorers along their coastline. They attacked one of the ships before the English actually landed. Yet they soon began to offer food and hospitality to the newcomers. At first, Powhatan, leader of a confederation of tribes around the Chesapeake Bay, hoped to absorb the newcomers through hospitality and his offerings of food. As the colonists searched for instant wealth, they neglected planting corn and other work necessary to make their colony self-sufficient. They therefore grew more and more dependent on the indigenous people for food.
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As the colony's fortunes deteriorated during its first two years, Captain John Smith's leadership saved the colony. Part of this leadership involved exploring the area and establishing trade with local people. Unfortunately for the Native Americans, Smith believed that the English should treat them as the Spanish had: to compel them to "drudgery, work, and slavery," so English colonists could live "like Soldiers upon the fruit of their labor." Thus, when his negotiations for food occasionally failed, Smith took what he wanted by force.
By 1609, Powhatan realized that the English intended to stay. Moreover, he was disappointed that the English did not return his hospitality nor would they marry Native American women. He knew that the English "invade my people, possess my country." Native Americans thus began attacking settlers, killing their livestock, and burning such crops as they planted. All the while, Powhatan claimed he simply could not control the young men who were committing these acts without his knowledge or permission. Keep in mind, however, that Powhatan's reactions and statements were reported by John Smith, hardly an unbiased observer.
In the next decade, the colonists conducted search and destroy raids on Native American settlements. They burned villages and corn crops (ironic, in that the English were often starving). Both sides committed atrocities against the other. Powhatan was finally forced into a truce of sorts. Colonists captured Powhatan's favorite daughter, Pocahontas, who soon married John Rolfe. Their marriage did help relations between Native Americans and colonists.
With the reorganization of the colony under Sir Edwin Sandys, liberal land policies led to dispersion of English settlements along the James River. Increasing cultivation of tobacco required more land (since tobacco wore out the soil in three or four years) and clearing forest areas to make land fit for planting. Expanding English settlements meant more encroachment on Native American lands and somewhat greater contact with Native Americans. It also left settlers more vulnerable to attack. By this time, the Native American fully realized what continued English presence in Virginia meant--more plantations, the felling of more forests, the killing of more game--in sum, a greater threat to their way of life. The self-proclaimed humanitarian efforts of people like George Thorpe--who sought to convert Indian children to Christianity through education--did not help either. Finally, the deaths of Powhatan and Pocahontas further hastened hostilities.
The Native Americans, led by Powhatan's brother Opechancanough, bided their time. Pretending friendship, they were waiting for an opportunity to strike the English and dislodge them from Virginia. In early 1622, they struck. In all, nearly 350 colonists were killed; Jamestown itself was saved only by the warning of an Native American Christian convert. One result was an ever-hardening English attitude toward the Native American. Another was bloody reprisals against local tribes.
- John Smith Appointed to Manage "All Things Abroad," 1607
- Governor Edward-Maria Wingfield's Report, 1607
- John Smith's Narrative of His Captivity
- Captain Newport Visits Powhatan, 1607
- John Smith Attempts to Suppress the Indians Around Jamestown, 1608
- The "Coronation" of Powhatan, 1608
- John Smith and Powhatan Exchange Views, 1608
- The Virginia Company's Instructions to Sir Thomas Gates Concerning the Natives, May 1609
- William Simmons, Doctor of Divinity, 1610
- A True Declaration of the State of the Colony of Virginia, 1610
- Converting Indians to Christianity Justifies English Colonization, 1610
- Powhatan's Daughter, Pocahontas, Taken Prisoner, 1612
- Pocahontas Marries John Rolfe, 1613
- John Rolfe Reports to Edwin Sandys Concerning Indians, 1619
- George Thorpe and John Pory to Sir Edwin Sandys, May 15, 1621
- A Relation of the Barbarous Massacre, 1622
- How the Massacre Was Good for the Plantation, 1622
- A Proposal for Subjugating the Indians,
Home — Essay Samples — History — Jamestown — Why Did So Many Colonists Die in Early Jamestown
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Why Did so Many Colonists Die in Early Jamestown
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Words: 814 |
Published: Sep 16, 2023
Words: 814 | Pages: 2 | 5 min read
Table of contents
Inadequate preparation and planning, hostile relationships with native tribes, environmental challenges and diseases.
- Doherty, Kieran. “Jamestown Colony: A Political, Social, and Cultural History.” ABC-CLIO, 2007.
- Horn, James. “A Land as God Made It: Jamestown and the Birth of America.” Basic Books, 2005.
- Kelso, William M. “Jamestown, the Buried Truth.” University of Virginia Press, 2006.
- Price, David A. “Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith , Pocahontas, and the Heart of a New Nation.” Vintage Books, 2003.
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AP World History: Sample DBQ Thesis Statements
Using the following documents, analyze how the Ottoman government viewed ethnic and religious groups within its empire for the period 1876–1908. Identify an additional document and explain how it would help you analyze the views of the Ottoman Empire.
Crafting a Solid Thesis Statement
Kaplan Pro Tip Your thesis can be in the first or last paragraph of your essay, but it cannot be split between the two. Many times, your original thesis is too simple to gain the point. A good idea is to write a concluding paragraph that might extend your original thesis. Think of a way to restate your thesis, adding information from your analysis of the documents.
Thesis Statements that Do NOT Work
There were many ways in which the Ottoman government viewed ethnic and religious groups.
The next statement paraphrases the historical background and does not address the question. It would not receive credit for being a thesis.
The Ottoman government brought reforms in the Constitution of 1876. The empire had a number of different groups of people living in it, including Christians and Muslims who did not practice the official form of Islam. By 1908 a new government was created by the Young Turks and the sultan was soon out of his job.
This next sentence gets the question backward: you are being asked for the government’s view of religious and ethnic groups, not the groups’ view of the government. Though the point-of-view issue is very important, this statement would not receive POV credit.
People of different nationalities reacted differently to the Ottoman government depending on their religion.
The following paragraph says a great deal about history, but it does not address the substance of the question. It would not receive credit because of its irrelevancy.
Throughout history, people around the world have struggled with the issue of political power and freedom. From the harbor of Boston during the first stages of the American Revolution to the plantations of Haiti during the struggle to end slavery, people have battled for power. Even in places like China with the Boxer Rebellion, people were responding against the issue of Westernization. Imperialism made the demand for change even more important, as European powers circled the globe and stretched their influences to the far reaches of the known world. In the Ottoman Empire too, people demanded change.
Thesis Statements that DO Work
Now we turn to thesis statements that do work. These two sentences address both the religious and ethnic aspects of the question. They describe how these groups were viewed.
The Ottoman government took the same position on religious diversity as it did on ethnic diversity. Minorities were servants of the Ottoman Turks, and religious diversity was allowed as long as Islam remained supreme.
This statement answers the question in a different way but is equally successful.
Government officials in the Ottoman Empire sent out the message that all people in the empire were equal regardless of religion or ethnicity, yet the reality was that the Turks and their version of Islam were superior.
Going Beyond the Basic Requirements
- have a highly sophisticated thesis
- show deep analysis of the documents
- use documents persuasively in broad conceptual ways
- analyze point of view thoughtfully and consistently
- identify multiple additional documents with sophisticated explanations of their usefulness
- bring in relevant outside information beyond the historical background provided
Final Notes on How to Write the DBQ
- Take notes in the margins during the reading period relating to the background of the speaker and his/her possible point of view.
- Assume that each document provides only a snapshot of the topic—just one perspective.
- Look for connections between documents for grouping.
- In the documents booklet, mark off documents that you use so that you do not forget to mention them.
- As you are writing, refer to the authorship of the documents, not just the document numbers.
- Mention additional documents and the reasons why they would help further analyze the question.
- Mark off each part of the instructions for the essay as you accomplish them.
- Use visual and graphic information in documents that are not text-based.
Don’t
- Repeat information from the historical background in your essay.
- Assume that the documents are universally valid rather than presenting a single perspective.
- Spend too much time on the DBQ rather than moving on to the other essay.
- Write the first paragraph before you have a clear idea of what your thesis will be.
- Ignore part of the question.
- Structure the essay with just one paragraph.
- Underline or highlight the thesis. (This may be done as an exercise for class, but it looks juvenile on the exam.)
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Title: Jamestown DBQ + Thesis
Dec. 1607 Total Population 104 colonists disembark at Jamestown Island 2 dies in first Indian attack on Fort James At least 3 more die in Indian ambushes Summer sickness kills half the colonist Capt. George Kendall is executed in capturing Pamunkeys kill 2 colonists in capturing Capt. John Smith, and, at year's end, the English In Virginia ...
Thesis Bucket Label # Bucket Labe/ 73 0 2020 The DBQ Project Teachers may photocopy this page for their own classrooms. Digital reproduction and posting outside of DBQ Online is prohibited. Early Jamestown: Why Did So Many Colonists Die? Mini-Q From Thesis to Essay Writing Mini-Q Essay Outline Guide Working Title: Introductory Paragraph ...
II. BODY PARAGRAPH #1. A. Baby Thesis:First toe from your chicken footThe first reason Jamestown colonists died was diseases. B. Evidence:Find your evidence from the documents that you included in your bucketing step.Doc A: human waste ended up sitting in the river and not moving away.
Bucketing and thesis development with Road Map!
Early Jamestown Dbq Essay. The early settlement of Jamestown in 1607 marked a pivotal moment in American history, as it was the first permanent English settlement in North America. This essay will explore the challenges faced by the Jamestown settlers and how they overcame them. Through an analysis of primary source documents, such as John ...
Jamestown, founded in 1607 by the London Company, marked the first of the 13 colonies and was primarily established with profit in mind. It quickly evolved into a bustling port and commercial center, attracting individuals with hopes of amassing wealth. ... Early Jamestown Dbq Essay Essay. The early settlement of Jamestown in 1607 marked a ...
Pretending friendship, they were waiting for an opportunity to strike the English and dislodge them from Virginia. In early 1622, they struck. In all, nearly 350 colonists were killed; Jamestown itself was saved only by the warning of an Native American Christian convert. One result was an ever-hardening English attitude toward the Native American.
The location of the Jamestown settlement in a marshy area with brackish water proved to be another crucial determinant in the high mortality rate. The unsanitary conditions fostered the breeding grounds for diseases such as typhoid, dysentery, and malaria. ... Early Jamestown Dbq Essay Essay. The early settlement of Jamestown in 1607 marked a ...
The Jamestown DBQ activity is a document analysis activity that will lead up to a DBQ essay. To complete this assignment, simply analyze each of the five documents and answer all of the questions at the bottom of each sheet. ... Make sure to include a thesis statement that points towards three reasons for death at early Jamestown, the three you ...
Jamestown Mini-0 Hook Exercise: Jamestown Directions: Examine the map, and with a partner, discuss the answers to the questions below. Be ready to share your thinking with the class. Source: James Horn, A Land as God Made It, Basic Books, A Member of Perseus Books Group, New York, 2005. Drawn by Rebecca L. Wren. Principal Powhatan and English Settlements, 1607-1611
In the early 1600s, the settlement of Jamestown was established in the New World by the English. This settlement would go on to become one of the first successful colonies in North America, but it…
Question 1 — Potential Outside Information. "An hour's idleness is as bad as an hour's drunkenness" Anglican Church Antinomianism Apprenticeship Arabella covenant (Arbella) Archbishop William Laud Banishment of Roger Williams (1635) Bay Psalm Book Bible (Holy) Commonwealth Blue Laws (sumptuary laws) "Body of Liberties," 1641 ...
Our DBQ units provide students with the opportunity to engage in the same historical thinking and writing students use in Mini-Qs. The main difference is that with DBQs (often referred to as "Mother-Qs"), students wrestle with more documentary evidence. Each unit is written twice to differentiate between the longer version (14-26 documents ...
A DBQ is a type of essay question, which means students will have to write several paragraphs in response. This DBQ requires them to use historical documents to analyze a trend or issue from the past. Each DBQ has documents for students to analyze. The documents are primary and secondary sources. T...
When the English settlers arrived they built a fort on a place they called James Island. This was to become Jamestown. Of the 110 original 2009 The DBQ Projsct This page may be reproduced for classroom use 8 Step Two: Establishing the Context (continued) Answers to Background Essay Questions 1.
2) The Indians had reason to distrust the settlers for their "Cruel Dealinge" and might later refuse to trade. 3) One group of colonists stole food which was intended for the rest of the country. E1: What was the total number of colonists to arrive at Jamestown by summer of 1609? 104+100+20+70 = 294.
Early Jamestown: Why Did So Many Colonists Die? In May 1607, about 110 Englishmen arrived at the mouth of a great bay on the coast of Virginia. It was to be the first permanent English colony in what is now the United States. The first years of settlement were not easy. This DBQ asks why so many colonists died. Google Classroom
I worked so hard to connect the Lucy Calkins Units of Study boxes and bullets technique with an incredible DBQ (Document Based Question) around the fact that so many colonists died at Jamestown, VA.I am very excited to share it with you. This is the a perfect 3-5 week long cross-curricular social studies and writing unit to conduct with 4th graders studying Virginia History.
AP World History: Sample DBQ Thesis Statements. Let's take a look at a sample AP World History DBQ question and techniques to construct a solid thesis. Using the following documents, analyze how the Ottoman government viewed ethnic and religious groups within its empire for the period 1876-1908. Identify an additional document and explain ...
Get an answer for 'Compare and contrast the English colonies of the Chesapeake with the Massachusetts Bay Colony.' and find homework help for other Massachusetts Bay Colony questions at eNotes