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Child Labour in India: An Overview
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International Journal of Science and Research IJSR)
B Suresh Lal, PhD
This paper focuses on various concepts and studies associated with child labour, their socioeconomic issues, the World and Indian scenario of child labour. It analyses the driving factors responsible for child labour in India and World. The various forms of child labour and health hazards they are faced. Various causes of child labour like the curse of poverty, lack of educational resources, Social and economic backwardness, Addiction, disease or disability, The lure of cheap labour, Family tradition, Discrimination between boys and girls. Consequences of Child Labour such as General child injuries and abuses like cuts, burns, and lacerations, fractures, tiredness and dizziness, excessive fears and nightmares. Sexual abuse, particularly sexual exploitation of girls by adults, rape, prostitution, early and unwanted pregnancy, abortion, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS, drugs and alcoholism. Physical abuse involves corporal punishment, emotional maltreatment such as blaming, belittling, verbal attacks, and bad remarks. Emotional neglect such as deprivation of family love and affection, resulting in loneliness, and hopelessness. Physical neglect like lack of adequate provision of food, clothing, shelter and medical treatment. Lack of schooling results in missing educational qualifications and higher skills thus perpetuating their life in poverty. We suggest for a new approach that puts people and the work they do at the center of economic and social policy and business practice: a human-centered agenda for the future of work.
Journal of National Development
Hasibul Rahaman
Shamrendra Vikram
Child is categorised as that class of the society which is most prone to exploitation and abused. He is regarded as the father of the man. With his present secured and guaranteed with the basic rights indispensable for growth and development, we secure the future of the nation. India has more than 10 million children working as child labourer in industrial and family set-ups. These children are susceptible to physical and mental abuse at workplace along with working in hazardous factory setup at minimum or no wages. The child labourer is deprived of education, health and strength that is essential for his or her growth. Such activities inhibit intellectual and personality development. Poverty, migration, low family earning, social conditions etc. drives a child to forcefully work in exploitative conditions. It is incumbent on the government to take cognizance of the deplorable state of the child and initiate measure to uphold the basic human rights of the child. Implementation of Co...
IJARIIE JOURNAL
Nishant Agarwal , Deepak Bansal , Shreyansh Gattani
The Literature Survey was done during a case study on "Child Labour in India" in Delhi. This paper presents an understanding of the definition, laws, causes and solutions to the problem of child labour in India with qualitative and quantitative data sourced from government, media and UN sources.
Rubab Bukhari
IJSRP Journal
A Child is defined as a every human being below the age of 18 years. Human rights begin with child rights. These rights are : 1. Subsistence rights 2. Development rights 3. Protection rights 4. Participation rights. But, in India, many of these feeble hands, instead of carrying books are often bruise in factories of pan, bidi, cigarettes (21%), construction (17%), domestic workers (15%), spinning & weaving (11%), apart from brick kilns (7%) dhabas (6%) auto workers (4%) ,paddy-fields and football making etc. Punjab has an alarmingly low under-5 sex ratio(846:1000) and the lowest sex ratio at birth(832:1000). It also has 1,77,268 child laborers. Among all reported feticides, 56% are registered in Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh and Punjab. Crime against children saw a 24% increase; from 26,694 cases in 2010 to 33,098 cases in 2011. Rape cases increased by 30%, feticide by 19% while buying of girls for prostitution declined by 65%. There is an increase of 10.5% in juvenile crimes from 2010(22,740) to 2011(25,125). As a result of such forced labor, children are often subjected to malnutrition, impaired vision, deformities and easy victims of deadly diseases like Tb, Cancer and AIDS.
International journal of applied research
Children in Indian society has always been a topic less spoken or discussed. The reasons of the same can be traced back to the socio-cultural background of the country. In the world children are taken as the greatest gift to humanity. Childhood is an important stage of human development as it holds the potential to the future of any society. Children who are brought up in an environment which is helpful to their intellectual, physical and social development will go on to be responsible and productive part of the society. Thus every society links its future to the present status of its children. Today child has been defined differently by different agencies as per their view and there is a very large gap and contradiction in these definitions. This paper attempts to give a brief overview of the magnitude of the issue from an Indian perspective. Some suggestions collected by the author, from academicians and also from the policy and plan documents about the way of eradicating the prob...
Journal of the Social Sceinces
Dr. Barsa Priyadarsinee Sahoo
The paper aims to understand the ambiguity that lies in defining the concept of child labour and its effect on the nature and pattern of child labour in India.
Human Rights Review
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What is Child Labour?
The International Labour Organisation defines child labour as any work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential, their dignity and one that is harmful to the physical and mental development of the child. It includes work that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous to children. Work that interferes with a child’s ability to attend and participate in school fully by obliging them to leave school prematurely; or requiring them to try to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work is also child labour. It is both a cause and consequence of poverty. In India, a "Child" as defined by the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Act of 2016 as a person who has not completed 14 years of age.
Child labour in India
India sadly is home to the largest number of child labourers in the world. A growing phenomenon is children being used as domestic workers in urban areas. The conditions in which children work are completely unregulated and they are often made to work without food, with very low wages, resembling slavery. There are cases of physical, sexual and emotional abuse of child domestic workers. A Ministry of Labour notification has made child domestic work as well as employment of children in dhabas, tea stalls and restaurants "hazardous" occupations.
Child Labour Laws in India (PDF)
Child Labour in India - https://www.childlineindia.org/pdf/share-of-child-labour-in-india.pdf
Child Labour Rules 1988 - https://www.childlineindia.org/uploads/files/knowledge-center/Child-Labour-Rules-1988.pdf
Q: What are the causes of child labour in India ?
A: Poverty is the root cause of child labour in India . The other causes, unemployment and debt lead worst forms of child labour i.e. bonded labor.
Q:What is the punishment for child labour in India?
A: If any person employs a child below the age of 14 or between ages 14 to 18 years in a hazardous occupation or process can be punished with a jail time between one to six months and/or fine between 20,000 to 50, 000.
Q: What you can do to stop child labour?
A: If you come across any child forced or engaged in child labour, report to your nearest police station or call CHILDLINE on 1098.
Q:What are the anti-child labour laws?
A: Substantive laws against child labour in India include, Indian Penal Code 1860, The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976, Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act 2000.
Case Studies on Child Labour
1. 10-year-old boy rescued from a stall in front of a school
A case was registered on Child HELPLINE 1098 in which a caller informed that a boy was engaged in is doing child labour at a stall in front of a school. The caller had said that the child is a minor, around 10-11 years old. Then CHILDLINE team Ambala sent a letter to the Child Welfare Committee for further investigation. After few days, a committee was made to rescue the child. CHILDLINE team, District Child Protection Unit and Labour Department were the part of committee. The team raided that stall and rescued the 10 year old child, Aman. A medical examination of the child was done at the Civil Hospital in Ambala City and the child was presented before the Child Welfare Committee. The CWC ordered temporary shelter of the child in an Open Shelter Home at Ambala Cantonment until his parents were not found. Later the CHILDLINE team dropped the child to the Open Shelter Home. The next day, Aman’s family came to the CWC office and after checking their ID Proofs and document; the child was handed over to his parents. They were advised that Aman has to study, not of work. The CHILDLINE team told the parents to let him study and make his own future.
(*Name and details changed to protect the child)
2. Read all the Child Labour Case Studies:
https://www.childlineindia.org/PDF/Case-Studies-Child-Labour.pdf
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survey found child labour prevalence had reduced to 4.98 million children (or less th an 2% of children in 5 - 14. age groups). The 2011 national census of India found the total number of chil d ...
Various causes of child labour like the curse of poverty, lack of educational resources, boys and girls. Consequences of Child Labour such as General child injuries and abuses like cuts, burns, a ...
Children in India are subjected to the worst forms of child labor, including commercial sexual exploitation, sometimes as a result of human trafficking. (1) Children also perform dangerous tasks in garment production, stone quarrying, and brickmaking. (1,2) Table 1 provides key indicators on children's work and education in India. Table 1.
According to the census 2011, India has a total child population of 259.6 million, of which 10.1 million, i.e., 3.9%, are either working as primary workers or as marginal workers. Of them, 5.6 million are boys, and 4.5 million are girls. Eight million of them were found to be working in rural areas.
1. A study of Child labour in India - Magnitude and challenge s. Sudeep Limaye, ASM's IIBR, Pimpri pune. Dr. Milind Pande, Project Director, MIT School of Telecom, Pune. Abstract -. Children ...
4.1.2 Bihar. According to the Census 2011, Bihar reported 1,088,509 child workers, a decrease from 1,117,500 child workers in 2001. Mapping the shift s in the incidence of child labour across districts in Bihar reveals that its incidence increased in 12 districts and decreased only in 25 districts (see Table 4.3).
Child labour refers to the exploitation and sacrifice of young children's potential for paid or unpaid employment. Child labour is defined as any economic activity that impedes a child's schooling, family care, causes illness, or creates bottlenecks in his or her physical and mental development (Dina Gogoi, 2020).
This study, therefore explored the reasons for child labour, steps taken to eradicate the same, effects of such measures, the impact of COVID-19 on child labour and existing conditions. CHILD LABOUR IN INDIA: The term "child labour" is often defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential
Although child labour is most often found in countries with lower socioeconomic resources, it also occurs in developed countries. 5, 6 The latest global estimates indicate that 152 million children (64 million girls and 88 million boys) are engaged in child labour, accounting for almost one in 10 of all children worldwide. While the number of children in child labour has declined since 2000 ...
The article highlights the situation of child labour using the Census data of Government of India from 1971 to 2011. This study has also utilized the National Sample Survey Organization 68th round data on employment and unemployment of child labour in India. In this study, bivariate and multivariate analysis has been carried out.
child labourers can be found (98 million, or 59%), but the problems are not negligible in services (54 million)and industry (12 million)- mostly in the informal economy.Child labour among girlsfell by 40%since 2000, compared to 25%for boys. Characteristics of Child labour;
1. Introduction on Child Labour. Children are the greatest gift to humanity and Childhood is an important and impressionable stage of human development as it holds the potential to the future development of any society. Children who are brought up in an environment, which is conducive to their intellectual, physical and social health, grow up ...
Child Labour in India Walking through the villages of 24 Parganas of West Bengal one suddenly comes upon bags of hair. Young girls are engaged in cleaning out this hair to be turned into fancy wigs. Little 1 HAQ: Centre for Child Rights and Terre des Hommes (Germany), Twenty Years of CRC: A Balance Sheet, Vol. 1, p. 12. A
Child labour in India is a human right issue for the whole world there is about 218 million child labour under the age of 14 worldwide and 15 million in India. 85 %of them are from rural pockets. it is a very serious problem with many children under the age of fourteen workings in tanneries, in a commercial
labour the effective abolition of child labour and the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. Millions of children in India today turned into child labor due to various socio-economic problems. According to one study, more than a quarter of the World's total number of child laborers are in India
Status of Child Labour in India Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives them of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful. The Census of India 2011 reports 10.1 million working children in the age group ...
A Case Study of Child Labour Krishna Raj Fellowship 2012. Ananya Smriti, Devkanya Chakravarty, Garima Wahi, Jasmine Kaur, Shiny Kundu. Abstract. Child labour is a serious challenge facing the world today. The problem is particularly acute in the poor and developing economies. India has one of the highest numbers of child labourers in the world ...
Child Labour in India a Socio Legal Study with Special Reference to Lucknow District: Researcher: Rajvardhan: Guide(s): Kumar, Pradeep: Keywords: Law Social Sciences ... Adobe PDF: View/Open: 80_recommendation.pdf: 870.16 kB: Adobe PDF: View/Open: Show full item record Download All Files
1. Introduction: Child labour is a complex issue that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity. Though undesirable, child labour persists in our country on account of socio-economic compulsions. On account of poverty, many parents send their children to work in order to supplement their income.
Magnitude of Child Labour in India The magnitude of child labour in India has been witnessing enormous decline in the last two decades, both in terms of magnitude and workforce participation rates. 1 Government of India, Planning Commission, Working Group for Social inclusion of Vulnerable Group like Child Labour and Bonded and Migrant Labour ...
A critical study of child labour laws and their implementation with special reference to Bangalore city: Researcher: Jayashree R. Salimath: Guide(s): Ramesh: Keywords: Child Child Labour Child Labour - India Child Labour Laws Childs Rights Hazardous Employment: Upload Date: 1-Oct-2015: University: University of Mysore: Completed Date: 2014 ...
Case Studies on Child Labour. 1. 10-year-old boy rescued from a stall in front of a school. A case was registered on Child HELPLINE 1098 in which a caller informed that a boy was engaged in is doing child labour at a stall in front of a school. The caller had said that the child is a minor, around 10-11 years old.
Status of Child Labour in India. Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives them of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful. The Census of India 2011 reports 10.1 million working children in the age group ...