do you need to date a cover letter

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Do you need to put a date on a cover letter in 2024?

A cover letter is a document that accompanies a resume and introduces the job seeker to a potential employer. It is typically one page in length and highlights the applicant’s skills, qualifications, and interest in the job.

Importance of Cover Letter in Job Application Process

While a resume provides a summary of a person’s work experience, education, and skills, a cover letter allows job seekers to communicate their motivations and reasons for wanting to work for a particular company. It also gives candidates an opportunity to showcase their writing style and demonstrate their attention to detail.

A well-written cover letter can make the difference between getting an interview or not. In fact, a survey conducted by the Society for Human Resource Management found that 90% of employers consider cover letters to be important in the hiring process.

The Role of Cover Letter in Job Applications

As a job applicant, you may have heard about the importance of submitting a well-written cover letter, but you might be unsure about what exactly a cover letter is and why it matters. In this section, we will explore the definition of a cover letter, its role in job applications, and the importance of crafting a successful one.

A. Definition of Cover Letter

A cover letter is a document that accompanies your resume when you apply for a job. It is usually a one-page letter that introduces you to your potential employer and highlights your qualifications and skills. Unlike your resume, which is a summary of your job history, a cover letter is an opportunity to explain why you are the perfect fit for the position you are applying for.

B. Role of Cover Letter in Job Applications

The role of a cover letter in job applications is to provide additional context and information about your qualifications and experience to the employer. While the resume is a structured document that presents your work history and achievements, the cover letter is your chance to showcase your personality, interests, and passion for the job.

In addition to introducing yourself, a well-written cover letter will demonstrate your knowledge about the company and position you are applying for. It should also address any specific requirements in the job posting and explain how you are uniquely qualified to meet those requirements.

C. Importance of a Well-Written Cover Letter

Submitting a well-written cover letter is crucial to making a positive first impression with potential employers. It is an opportunity to showcase your writing skills, attention to detail, and communication abilities.

A successful cover letter will help you stand out from other applicants and increase your chances of getting a job interview. On the other hand, a poorly written cover letter can harm your chances of being considered for the role you are interested in.

A cover letter plays a critical role in job applications, especially when submitting an application online. As a job seeker, it is important to craft a well-written cover letter that showcases your qualifications and enthusiasm for the position you are applying for. So, to answer the question, yes, you need to include the date in your cover letter, and ensure that it is well-written and tailored to the job you are applying for.

The Purpose of Including Dates in a Cover Letter

A. Explanation of why dates are included

Dates are important in a cover letter as they provide a clear timeline of when the letter was written and sent. It helps both the employer and the applicant keep track of correspondence and deadlines. The inclusion of dates can also help demonstrate the timeliness and relevance of the information presented in the letter.

In addition, including dates can also show the employer that the applicant has put thought and effort into the application process, as it highlights a level of organization and attention to detail.

B. Importance of dates in a cover letter

The importance of including dates in a cover letter cannot be overstated. It helps to establish a sense of professionalism and organization from the outset of the application process.

From the employer’s perspective, having clear dates on the cover letter can help them to quickly and easily sort through applications and prioritize responses. This is particularly important when there is a tight timeline for the hiring process.

For the applicant, including dates can demonstrate a level of commitment and engagement with the hiring process. It shows that they are invested in the position and are taking the necessary steps to ensure that their application is in order.

Including dates in a cover letter is a best practice that should be followed by all applicants. Not only does it provide a clear timeline of communication, but it also demonstrates organization and attention to detail. As such, it can positively impact the applicant’s chances of receiving a call back and advancing in the hiring process.

When to Include Dates in a Cover Letter

When preparing a cover letter, many job seekers often wonder whether or not to include dates in their application. The truth is that including dates in a cover letter can make a significant difference, as it helps to convey a sense of urgency and provides a reference point for the employer. However, there are times when adding dates is mandatory and others when it may not be that important.

A. The Scenarios When Adding Dates is Mandatory

There are a few specific scenarios where adding dates to your cover letter is absolutely mandatory. If the job listing states an application deadline, including the date in your cover letter serves as a crucial reminder to the employer. This will demonstrate that you are aware of the deadline and have taken the time to get your application in on time.

If the job posting indicates that the position is available for a limited time, it may also be important to include dates. Showing your awareness of this timeline demonstrates your attention to detail as well as your ability to work under pressure.

Additionally, adding dates can be important in situations where your employment history requires some explanation. For instance, if you have gaps in your work history, explaining those gaps shows that you have given careful thought and consideration to your job search. It also helps counter any assumptions the employer may make on their own about why you had a gap in your employment.

B. When May it Not Be Important to Include Dates?

While adding dates to a cover letter can be beneficial, there are times when it may not be necessary or even advantageous. If you are applying for a position where you have a personal connection or the job posting doesn’t specify any deadline or timeline, you may want to reconsider including dates. In such a case, adding dates may make it seem like you are only concerned about meeting the deadline, rather than focusing on why you are the best fit for the position.

Moreover, if the job is a remote job, gig work, or part-time work, you may not need to include dates in your cover letter. Remote jobs or gig work may not be tied to a specific timeframe or deadline, and since part-time jobs may not be considered as a primary career, you can get away with not adding dates in these cases.

There are situations where including dates in a cover letter is mandatory, such as when there is a specific deadline or limited timeframe. However, there are other situations where it may not be important or even necessary to mention dates. It is important to exercise your discretion and assess the job you are applying for properly before deciding whether or not to include dates in your cover letter.

Advantages of Adding Dates in a Cover Letter

A. benefits of adding dates.

Including the date in a cover letter can provide a number of benefits. First and foremost, it shows that the job seeker is on top of their communication and organizational skills. It gives the impression that the applicant is proactive and takes their job search seriously.

Another advantage of adding dates is that it provides context for the reader. The hiring manager can see exactly when the cover letter was written and can assume that the applicant is following up within a reasonable timeframe.

B. How adding dates may impact your application

Although adding dates may seem like a small detail, it can actually have a big impact on your application. For one, it can make the applicant stand out from the crowd if other applicants have neglected to include a date.

Furthermore, if a job posting has a specific deadline or start date, including the date on the cover letter can show that the applicant is aware of these details and is ready to start working at the appropriate time.

However, if the applicant misses the deadline or if the date is already passed when they submit their application, it could have a negative impact on their candidacy. This shows that they are not paying attention to details or are not managing their time effectively.

C. Best practices for including dates on a cover letter

When including a date on a cover letter, it is important to do so in a professional and consistent manner. Here are some best practices to keep in mind:

Use the same format for the date every time you submit a cover letter. For example, if you choose to include the day of the week, make sure to do so consistently.

Choose a clear and easy-to-read format. Common formats include “August 5, 2021” or “5th August 2021.”

Always include the date at the top of the cover letter, either aligned with the left margin or centered.

If the job posting specifies a deadline or start date, make sure to include this information along with the date on your cover letter.

By following these best practices, applicants can ensure that they are presenting themselves in the best possible light and making a good first impression with the hiring manager.

Potential disadvantages of including dates in a Cover Letter

When writing a cover letter, you may question whether or not to include dates. There are situations where dates may harm your application and it’s important to weigh the pros and cons before deciding to include them.

A. Situations where dates may harm your application

Employment gaps: If you have an extended period between jobs, including dates may draw attention to employment gaps and potentially raise red flags for the hiring manager.

Age discrimination: Including dates on your cover letter may reveal your age and potentially lead to age discrimination during the hiring process.

Unrelated experience: If you have work experience that is unrelated to the job you’re applying for, including dates may highlight this and create doubt about your ability to perform in the role.

Short-term employment: If you’ve had multiple short-term positions or job hopping, including dates may give the impression that you’re not reliable or committed.

B. Pros vs Cons of including dates in a cover letter

Shows career progression: Including dates on your cover letter can demonstrate your career progression and highlight your relevant experience in the industry.

Helps with organization: Dates can help the hiring manager keep track of your work history and accomplishments.

Demonstrates work ethic: Including dates on a cover letter can showcase your work ethic and dedication to your professional pursuits.

May cause bias: As mentioned, including dates can lead to age discrimination and other biases.

Draws attention to short-term employment: If you’ve had multiple short-term positions, including dates can draw attention to this and potentially harm your application.

May reveal gaps: Including dates may reveal gaps in your work history, which could potentially harm your application.

The decision to include dates on a cover letter should be made based on the individual’s specific situation. It’s important to weigh the pros and cons and consider how including dates may impact your chances of getting the job. Ultimately, the focus should be on the qualifications and experiences that make you the best fit for the role, regardless of whether or not you choose to include dates on your cover letter.

Alternatives to Including a Date on a Cover Letter

When it comes to writing a cover letter, including a date may seem like a given. However, there are some situations where you may want to take a different approach. Here are some alternatives to using a date in your cover letter:

A. Other Approaches to Using Dates in a Cover Letter

• Using a Season or Month Instead of a Date

If you are concerned about appearing too specific with a date, consider using a season or month instead. For example, instead of saying “I graduated in May 2015,” you could say “I graduated in the spring of 2015” or “I graduated in May.” This can still give the employer an idea of your timeline without providing an exact date.

• Using Years Only

Another option is to use only the year in your cover letter. This can be helpful if you have a longer history of experience and do not want to list every date on your resume. For example, instead of saying “I worked at XYZ company from January 2016 to October 2018,” you could say “I worked at XYZ company from 2016-2018.”

B. How to Handle Gaps in Employment When the Date is Ambiguous?

If you choose not to include dates on your cover letter or resume, you may encounter a situation where there is a gap in your employment history that is not immediately apparent. Here are some tips for handling this situation:

If there is a gap in your employment, be upfront about it. Employers appreciate honesty and transparency, and it is better to address the gap in your cover letter than to wait for the employer to ask about it later.

• Focus on Transferable Skills

If you have been out of work for some time or have gaps in your employment history, focus on the transferable skills you gained during that time. For example, if you took time off to care for a family member, you may have developed strong communication and problem-solving skills.

• Highlight Professional Development

If you have been out of work, use your cover letter as an opportunity to highlight any professional development you have undergone during that time. This could include taking classes, attending workshops, or volunteering in your field.

Including a date on your cover letter is not always necessary. By using alternative approaches to dates and being honest about any gaps in your employment history, you can still present yourself as a qualified and professional candidate for the job.

Examples of Cover Letters with and without Dates

A. sample cover letters with dates.

Here is an example of a cover letter that includes a date:

As you can see, the date is included at the top of the letter, just under the contact information. This is a common way to format a cover letter that includes a date.

B. Sample Cover Letters without Dates

Here is an example of a cover letter that does not include a date:

While this cover letter does not include a specific date, it is still clear and professional in its tone and content.

C. Analysis of Cover Letters with and without Dates

The question of whether to include a date on a cover letter is one that many job seekers face. While it can be helpful to include a date to provide context and show that your application is timely, it is not always necessary or expected.

Cover letters with dates, like the sample above, can be useful in situations where you are responding to a specific job listing or have a connection to the company or position that you are applying for. In these cases, the date can help demonstrate that you have taken the time to research and tailor your application to the specific opportunity.

However, there are also times when it may be more appropriate to leave the date off of your cover letter, as shown in the second sample. For example, if you are submitting an application through a general job board or website, or if you are applying to a company without a specific job opening in mind, including a date may not be necessary.

Ultimately, the decision of whether to include a date on your cover letter should be based on the specific circumstances of your application. Consider the context of the job listing, the expectations of the company or hiring manager, and the nature of the position you are applying for. By being mindful of these factors, you can craft a cover letter that is professional, targeted, and effective at making a strong first impression.

Practical Tips for Writing a Strong Cover Letter

A. how to make your cover letter stand out.

Your cover letter is your first opportunity to impress a potential employer. Here are some tips to make sure it stands out:

• Personalize it: Address the hiring manager by name and include details about the company and position you’re applying for.
• Be concise: Keep your cover letter to one page and use bullet points or short paragraphs to break up blocks of text.
• Highlight your accomplishments: Use specific examples of how you’ve contributed to previous companies or organizations to demonstrate your skills and experience.
• Use keywords: Tailor your cover letter to the job posting by including important keywords and phrases.

B. Common Mistakes to Avoid

There are a few common mistakes that can make your cover letter less effective. Here’s what to avoid:

• Being generic: Don’t use a one-size-fits-all approach. Tailor your cover letter to each job posting.
• Focusing too much on yourself: Your cover letter should focus on how you can help the company, not just on your own career goals.
• Using cliches: Avoid overused phrases like “team player” or “detail-oriented”. Instead, use specific examples to demonstrate your skills.
• Making errors: Proofread your cover letter carefully for spelling and grammar mistakes.

C. Suggestions for Improving Your Cover Letter

To improve your cover letter, try these tips:

• Keep it focused: Stick to the most important details and avoid unrelated information.
• Show your personality: Use your cover letter to showcase your personality and enthusiasm for the job.
• Proofread: Read your cover letter out loud to catch errors or awkward phrasing.
• Get a second opinion: Ask a friend or mentor to review your cover letter for feedback.

Remember, your cover letter is your chance to make a good first impression. Use these tips to make sure it catches the hiring manager’s attention and demonstrates why you’re the best candidate for the job.

Frequently Asked Questions about Including Dates in a Cover Letter

When it comes to creating a cover letter, many job seekers wonder whether or not they should include the date. While there is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, we’ve compiled some of the most commonly asked questions about date handling in a cover letter to help clear up any confusion.

A. Answers to Some Common Questions About Date Handling in a Cover Letter

Do I need to include a date on my cover letter?  There is no hard and fast rule about whether or not you need to include the date on your cover letter. However, many job seekers choose to do so as a way of showing that their application is up-to-date.

If I do include a date, where should it go?  If you choose to include a date on your cover letter, it should be positioned at the very top of the letter, either aligned with the left margin or centered.

What format should I use for the date?  The date should be written in full (e.g., May 26, 2021) and be free of any abbreviations or shorthand.

If I’m sending my cover letter via email, do I still need to include the date?  If you’re sending your cover letter via email, it’s not strictly necessary to include the date in the body of the message, since your email program will usually timestamp the message automatically. However, it’s still a good idea to include the date on your cover letter as a way of showing that your application is current.

B. Misunderstandings That Job Seekers Regularly Have About Putting a Date on a Cover Letter

Misunderstanding:  If I don’t include the date, my application will look more recent than it actually is.  Correction:  While it’s not strictly necessary to include the date on your cover letter, omitting it won’t make your application appear more recent. In fact, it may have the opposite effect, since employers may perceive your application as incomplete or out-of-date without a timestamp.

Misunderstanding:  The date format doesn’t matter as long as it includes the month, day, and year.  Correction:  While it’s true that you should include the month, day, and year in the date, it’s also important to make sure that you follow the standard format for dates in your region. For example, in the United States, dates are typically written as Month/Day/Year (e.g., 05/26/2021), while in Europe, they are often written as Day/Month/Year (e.g., 26/05/2021).

Misunderstanding:  I should use the same date format that I use on my resume.

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Should You Always Include a Cover Letter?

By Biron Clark

Published: November 10, 2023

Cover Letters

Biron Clark

Writer & Career Coach

The little-known truth about cover letters is: You do NOT always need to include a cover letter when applying for jobs, and you may be wasting hours sending cover letters that employers won’t read.

So if you’re wondering whether you should always submit a cover letter with your job application and resume, then keep reading.

After working for years as a recruiter , I’m going to share the exact situations where you should provide a cover letter and the situations where it’s not needed.

Should You Always Submit a Cover Letter?

Many people on LinkedIn and other sites will tell you that you should include a cover letter every time because it “can’t hurt,” but that’s not true…

Here’s how it CAN hurt you…

Writing a great cover letter takes a LOT of time and mental energy. So if it’s not making a difference, or not even getting read, then it  is hurting you in terms of wasted time and energy (I’d argue that writing a cover letter is the toughest and most time-consuming part of the process for many job seekers).

Writing a resume is tough, sure. But once you get it, you’re done. You spend 5-15 minutes tailoring it for each specific job you apply for, but that’s it.

Cover letters take a lot of time EVERY time (at least when done right).

That’s why it’s important to look at how important a cover letter is, and which situations it’s necessary and truly beneficial in.

3 Situations Where You Need to Send a Cover Letter:

There are a couple of specific scenarios where cover letters are necessary, and you should send one. This article by Harvard Business Review says it best:

In those cases, according to Harvard Business Review, you can boost your chances of getting the interview by writing a short letter to point out similarities between your resume and the job requirements (e.g. why you’d do well in their job )… rather than leaving the analysis entirely up to the hiring manager.

But this is only worth doing if you meet one or more of the criteria above, or a few other situations I’ll explain below…

Two more cases where you may want to include a cover letter:

First, you should send a cover letter if an employer specifically says it’s required on their website or job application form (however, having an optional field to include it is not the same as asking for it or saying it’s required).

And second, you should send a letter if you have a large gap in employment or something unusual in your background that you feel the need to explain, and you don’t feel your resume explains it well enough on its own.

(Although I do like addressing gaps in employment directly on your resume employment history section when possible. For example, if you took a year off to raise a kid, you could say: “2018-2019: One-year break from work to raise first child.” So do try to explain this type of thing on your resume if you can!)

When You Don’t Need a Cover Letter:

If you don’t fall into any of the situations we looked at above, then a cover letter is not needed.

For example, if you’re just applying for jobs online via job boards , via LinkedIn, on company websites via their “careers” page, etc., then I’d skip it! Send your resume and let it speak for itself. (And if you don’t have a great resume yet, you can get help  here. )

In my opinion, the extra time and effort just isn’t worth it when you’re applying online with no prior relationship, no referral, and no special knowledge of the hiring manager or job requirements that you can use to make your case for why they should interview you.

This is one reason I love LinkedIn EasyApply as a part of an online job search – because a cover letter is not required or even expected.

Of course, the final judgment call is yours!

If you’re applying to your dream employer and you don’t mind spending an hour writing up a great cover letter, then go ahead! It can’t hurt in a one-off scenario like this.

But the main point I’m trying to make here is:

You should be selective about when to send a cover letter, rather than feeling obligated to send it by default.

Recap: How Important is a Cover Letter?

The answer to how important a cover letter is depends on the hiring process and situation. If you read the information above, you now know when a cover letter is necessary/recommended, and when you probably shouldn’t bother.

And you’ve seen that cover letters do matter in some cases, but that doesn’t mean that you always need to send a cover letter.

And as mentioned earlier, the main benefit of this approach is time savings…

When you look at how much time and effort goes into writing each of these letters, it can add up to hours or days of wasted time if you’re sending cover letters without analyzing whether it’s necessary for the situation.

Tips for Writing a Good Cover Letter:

Now that we’ve answered whether a cover letter is necessary, and when it’s important, here are some tips and resources to help you in situations where you decide a cover letter is needed:

First, I’d always recommend keeping it brief, easy to read (no huge paragraphs or blocks of text without spacing), and personal.

It should feel like you’re talking directly to them! That means start with “Dear Bethany”, (for example), not with, “Dear Hiring Manager” or “Dear Recruiter”.

(Recruiters almost never care about a cover letter anyway. It should be for the hiring manager).

Also, make sure you’re saying the word “you” at least as often as you say the word “I”. Talk about their needs and their company, not just about yourself .

The purpose of your cover letter is to point out similarities between your background and the employer’s job requirements. You want to demonstrate why you’re likely to succeed in their specific role, to sell them on interviewing you! And you cannot do this without researching their job and understanding/discussing their job. So this letter isn’t just about you , it’s about them just as much.

To help you further, we’ve published two articles here on Career Sidekick with great cover letter info:

• 3 steps to writing a cover letter that stands out
• How to write a cover letter with no experience

If you follow the steps above, you’ll save time in your job search and maximize the number of interviews you get for the effort you put into your job applications!

About the Author

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Good stuff Biron! This is why Career Sidekick is my go-to career blog, I really admire how you take a contrarian approach to conventional job search/career wisdom!

Seems like almost every other career blog advises you to always submit a cover letter. Too bad these folks don’t consider the most important asset we all have: time!

Would being graduated out of college for 1.5 years and haven’t “launched” your career yet – getting a job in the field you got a degree in – count as something “unusual on your background” that you would need a cover letter for?

Thanks for the kind words. I don’t think you’d need a cover letter for this. Just make sure to “tailor” your resume to show the most relevant pieces of the work you have done, and to show your relevant educational background/degree. But if you’re not getting results with your resume, then it’s worth testing/trying a cover letter. My guess is that it’s not needed, and perfecting your resume will get more interviews.

Thanks for the advice Biron!

If I understand you correctly, is this an instance where you would recommend NOT using a chronological work history on a resume then?

And instead break up work experience history into a “relevant” and “other work experience” sections, since we’re trying to show specific relevant pieces of experience and educational background/degree?

I’d still keep it chronological. Just show the most relevant pieces of each past role, for the job you want now.

How about in my situation? I am looking for a job in marketing, but it has been five years and a few jobs since marketing has been the primary function of my job. My last few jobs have had a very little marketing focus and have been training, technical or sales in focus. Should I always write a cover letter to explain this when I am applying for marketing jobs?

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Do I Need a Cover Letter in 2024? Are Cover Letters Mandatory?

During the job-hunting process, you might find yourself asking “do I really need a cover letter?”

And honestly, that’s a very good question.

You might’ve heard a lot of recruiters say that cover letters aren’t nearly as important as the resume. Some recruiters even openly admit that they don’t read cover letters at all.

So, no wonder that you’re confused about whether or not you really need a cover letter.

In this article, we’re going to deep dive into the topic and teach you when you really need a cover letter (and when you don’t).

• Whether you need to include a cover letter in your application (and why)
• When to not include a cover letter with your resume 
• When to really put effort into your cover letter   

Do I Need a Cover Letter For My Resume

Short answer: yes , you should submit a cover letter alongside your resume.

Here’s why:

• Most job openings require you to submit a cover letter. Recruiters might not have the time to read ALL the cover letters they receive, but they will definitely read cover letters if they’re on the fence for a candidate. Besides, even if they never get to your cover letter, failing to submit one when it’s required will be a red flag.
• A cover letter shows that you’ve put in the extra effort. So, even if the recruiters don’t read them, they will know that you really want the job and that you are committed to taking all necessary steps to show you’re worth it.
• A cover letter can set you apart from other candidates. Imagine this scenario: a recruiter is looking at two candidates with the same exact professional background and resume. The difference? One submitted an A++ cover letter that showed exactly why they’re the perfect fit for the job, while the other just copied and pasted an internet template. Which one would you pick? Our point exactly!

The above being said, there do exist a few cases where a cover letter isn’t necessary and a few others where you shouldn't just submit a cover letter, but you should really put in the extra effort to make it memorable!

Ready to go through them?

When Not to Include a Cover Letter

The 3 cases where you don’t need to include a cover letter with your application are:

#1. The job opening doesn’t require one. 

Yeap, in some cases, the job description will specifically instruct you not to submit a cover letter when you’re applying for the position. Needless to say, submitting one regardless of the instructions will not make you a poster child for dedication; it will just show you can’t follow instructions. 

#2. You don’t have the time to customize your cover letters. 

If there’s one thing that’s worse than not submitting a cover letter, is submitting a bad cover letter. What do we mean by bad? An uncustomized cover letter, or a cover letter based on a one-fits-all kind of template that you plan on mass-sending to all the jobs you’re applying for.  

So, if you’re applying to many jobs and you just don’t have the time (or creativity) to write a separate cover letter tailored to each job, then just don’t write one instead of making that cover letter mistake. 

#3. There is no place to upload one on the application platform.

When you’re filling out an online job application, you might notice there is no place to upload a cover letter.

Consider that a clear sign that a cover letter is not required for that particular role.  

When Should You Put Extra Effort to Submit a Cover Letter

Now, as we said, the best practice is to submit a cover letter with your resume for any job, internship, or even internal position that you apply for (unless they explicitly ask you not to). 

That being said, there are a few cases in which you should REALLY submit a cover letter—and put in extra effort to make it significant: 

• You have important information to add. It might be a career gap, the need for a relocation, or a career change - anything, basically, that you can’t go into detail about in your resume. Your cover letter is your chance to explain it (especially if it adds significant value to your application).
• There’s a personal connection/referral. If someone has personally referred you to the company, make sure to acknowledge that in your cover letter. A personal referral means bonus points for your application, so don’t miss out on a chance to mention it.
• You have a link to the company. Did you complete an internship at the company? Or maybe you know the hiring manager or someone higher up the ranks outside of work. No matter the case, be upfront about any link you may have to the company in your cover letter. It will probably do your application good or at least show those reading it that you’re transparent.
• It’s your dream job. Without making it a love letter to the company, use your cover letter to express what this job means to you professionally and how it’ll help you thrive. Passion goes a long way!

6 Tips For a Perfect Cover Letter 

The bottom line? 

Overwhelmingly, a cover letter is an essential part of your job application and you should include one with your resume.

So, as you can imagine, your cover letter should be on par with your resume. Before you start writing your cover letter, here are a few tips to make the process easier for you:

• Keep it short. One page is more than enough when it comes to cover letters. Actually, the optimal length for a cover letter is between 250-400 words long.
• Follow submission instructions. In the job description, look out for specifics on the cover letter format (Word or PDF), fonts and margins, and content (such as which sections or information to include).
• Proofread your cover letter. Once you’re done writing, make sure your cover letter doesn’t have any grammar or spelling mistakes. Use spell check software such as Grammarly to be on the safe side.
• Avoid cliches. Saying you’re a “great team player” or “effective communicator” will get you nowhere. Instead, aim to show it by backing it up with your experience. Think, “I’m a great communicator” versus “I’m a great communicator, having closed 50+ sales per month at my last job.”
• Enhance your personal brand. Opt to use the same fonts, margins, colors, and style in both your resume and cover letter. In this way, you can highlight your personal brand and make more of an impression on the hiring manager.
• Use action verbs . To make your achievements stand out, use action verbs. So, instead of repeating “I was responsible for” or “I was in charge of,” you can use action verbs such as “managed” or “coordinated.”

Do you still have some unanswered questions? Here are the most frequently asked questions on whether cover letters are mandatory.

Do I need a cover letter for a part-time job?

You should follow the same practice with your part-time job application as you would with a full-time one. That means you should definitely submit a strong cover letter with your resume (unless otherwise indicated in the job description).

Do I need a cover letter for an internal position? 

When you apply for an internal position within the company, you should create a cover letter to highlight your experience and professional interest in the position. 

Do I need a cover letter for an internship?

Yes, you should include a cover letter with your resume when you’re applying for an internship. The cover letter should focus on your skills and strengths, your education, and your dedication to the internship program. 

Not sure how to write a cover letter for an internship from scratch? This article will tell you all you need to know!

Do I need a cover letter for an entry-level job?

Yes, an entry-level cover letter is a must.

You might not have many professional or relevant experiences to list on your resume (e.g. you’re a recent college graduate or you’re changing career paths), so the cover letter is where you can convey your enthusiasm and commitment. Plus, you can also (in words) explain how your skills from your university or past career translate into the job you’re applying for. 

Do employers read the cover letter or resume first?

Generally, employers will first read your resume to see if you have the relevant experience or skills for the position. From there, they decide whether your cover letter is worth reading or not.  If you send your cover letter in the body of the email where you have attached your resume, though, the recruiter will probably skim through it before opening your resume.

Keep in mind that in such a case your cover letter should be perfect, especially in terms of spelling and business etiquette. If the recruiter spots a “u r” instead of “you are,” or a smiley face, they might not even get to your resume.    

Want your cover letter to match your resume? We are confident that the hiring manager will appreciate the effort. Do it effortlessly by using Novorésumé's matching cover letter and resume templates !  

Key Takeaways

Well, that was all on whether cover letters are mandatory in 2023. We hope that we answered all your questions on the topic. 

Here’s a quick review of the main things we covered:

• In 98% of cases, you should include a cover letter in your job application. Although recruiters might not always read it, they expect candidates to submit one. A cover letter will considerably boost your chances and set you apart from other candidates with similar backgrounds and resumes.
• Don’t include a cover letter if the job opening specifies it’s not necessary, if you don’t have time to customize it to the position, or if there is no place to upload one in the application platform.
• Put extra effort in your cover letter if you have extra information to add to your resume if you have been personally referred for the job, if you have a link to the company, or if you’re applying to your dream job.

Related Readings: 

• How to Start a Cover Letter
• How to End a Cover Letter
• How to Address a Cover Letter

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How to Write a Cover Letter That Will Get You a Job

I ’ve read thousands, maybe tens of thousands, of cover letters in my career. If you’re thinking that sounds like really boring reading, you’re right. What I can tell you from enduring that experience is that most cover letters are terrible — and not only that, but squandered opportunities. When a cover letter is done well, it can significantly increase your chances of getting an interview, but the vast majority fail that test.

So let’s talk about how to do cover letters right.

First, understand the point of a cover letter.

The whole idea of a cover letter is that it can help the employer see you as more than just your résumé. Managers generally aren’t hiring based solely on your work history; your experience is crucial, yes, but they’re also looking for someone who will be easy to work with, shows good judgment, communicates well, possesses strong critical thinking skills and a drive to get things done, complements their current team, and all the other things you yourself probably want from your co-workers. It’s tough to learn much about those things from job history alone, and that’s where your cover letter comes in.

Because of that …

Whatever you do, don’t just summarize your résumé.

The No. 1 mistake people make with cover letters is that they simply use them to summarize their résumé. This makes no sense — hiring managers don’t need a summary of your résumé! It’s on the very next page! They’re about to see it as soon as they scroll down. And if you think about it, your entire application is only a few pages (in most cases, a one- or two-page résumé and a one-page cover letter) — why would you squander one of those pages by repeating the content of the others? And yet, probably 95 percent of the cover letters I see don’t add anything new beyond the résumé itself (and that’s a conservative estimate).

Instead, your cover letter should go beyond your work history to talk about things that make you especially well-suited for the job. For example, if you’re applying for an assistant job that requires being highly organized and you neurotically track your household finances in a detailed, color-coded spreadsheet, most hiring managers would love to know that because it says something about the kind of attention to detail you’d bring to the job. That’s not something you could put on your résumé, but it can go in your cover letter.

Or maybe your last boss told you that you were the most accurate data processor she’d ever seen, or came to rely on you as her go-to person whenever a lightning-fast rewrite was needed. Maybe your co-workers called you “the client whisperer” because of your skill in calming upset clients. Maybe you’re regularly sought out by more senior staff to help problem-solve, or you find immense satisfaction in bringing order to chaos. Those sorts of details illustrate what you bring to the job in a different way than your résumé does, and they belong in your cover letter.

If you’re still stumped, pretend you’re writing an email to a friend about why you’d be great at the job. You probably wouldn’t do that by stiffly reciting your work history, right? You’d talk about what you’re good at and how you’d approach the work. That’s what you want here.

You don’t need a creative opening line.

If you think you need to open the letter with something creative or catchy, I am here to tell you that you don’t. Just be simple and straightforward:

• “I’m writing to apply for your X position.”

• “I’d love to be considered for your X position.”

• “I’m interested in your X position because …”

• “I’m excited to apply for your X position.”

That’s it! Straightforward is fine — better, even, if the alternative is sounding like an aggressive salesperson.

Show, don’t tell.

A lot of cover letters assert that the person who wrote it would excel at the job or announce that the applicant is a skillful engineer or a great communicator or all sorts of other subjective superlatives. That’s wasted space — the hiring manager has no reason to believe it, and so many candidates claim those things about themselves that most managers ignore that sort of self-assessment entirely. So instead of simply declaring that you’re great at X (whatever X is), your letter should demonstrate that. And the way you do that is by describing accomplishments and experiences that illustrate it.

Here’s a concrete example taken from one extraordinarily effective cover-letter makeover that I saw. The candidate had originally written, “I offer exceptional attention to detail, highly developed communication skills, and a talent for managing complex projects with a demonstrated ability to prioritize and multitask.” That’s pretty boring and not especially convincing, right? (This is also exactly how most people’s cover letters read.)

In her revised version, she wrote this instead:

“In addition to being flexible and responsive, I’m also a fanatic for details — particularly when it comes to presentation. One of my recent projects involved coordinating a 200-page grant proposal: I proofed and edited the narratives provided by the division head, formatted spreadsheets, and generally made sure that every line was letter-perfect and that the entire finished product conformed to the specific guidelines of the RFP. (The result? A five-year, $1.5 million grant award.) I believe in applying this same level of attention to detail to tasks as visible as prepping the materials for a top-level meeting and as mundane as making sure the copier never runs out of paper.”

That second version is so much more compelling and interesting — and makes me believe that she really is great with details.

If there’s anything unusual or confusing about your candidacy, address it in the letter.

Your cover letter is your chance to provide context for things that otherwise might seem confusing or less than ideal to a hiring manager. For example, if you’re overqualified for the position but are excited about it anyway, or if you’re a bit underqualified but have reason to think you could excel at the job, address that up front. Or if your background is in a different field but you’re actively working to move into this one, say so, talk about why, and explain how your experience will translate. Or if you’re applying for a job across the country from where you live because you’re hoping to relocate to be closer to your family, let them know that.

If you don’t provide that kind of context, it’s too easy for a hiring manager to decide you’re the wrong fit or applying to everything you see or don’t understand the job description and put you in the “no” pile. A cover letter gives you a chance to say, “No, wait — here’s why this could be a good match.”

Keep the tone warm and conversational.

While there are some industries that prize formal-sounding cover letters — like law — in most fields, yours will stand out if it’s warm and conversational. Aim for the tone you’d use if you were writing to a co-worker whom you liked a lot but didn’t know especially well. It’s okay to show some personality or even use humor; as long as you don’t go overboard, your letter will be stronger for it.

Don’t use a form letter.

You don’t need to write every cover letter completely from scratch, but if you’re not customizing it to each job, you’re doing it wrong. Form letters tend to read like form letters, and they waste the chance to speak to the specifics of what this employer is looking for and what it will take to thrive in this particular job.

If you’re applying for a lot of similar jobs, of course you’ll end up reusing language from one letter to the next. But you shouldn’t have a single cover letter that you wrote once and then use every time you apply; whatever you send should sound like you wrote it with the nuances of this one job in mind.

A good litmus test is this: Could you imagine other applicants for this job sending in the same letter? If so, that’s a sign that you haven’t made it individualized enough to you and are probably leaning too heavily on reciting your work history.

No, you don’t need to hunt down the hiring manager’s name.

If you read much job-search advice, at some point you’ll come across the idea that you need to do Woodward and Bernstein–level research to hunt down the hiring manager’s name in order to open your letter with “Dear Matilda Jones.” You don’t need to do this; no reasonable hiring manager will care. If the name is easily available, by all means, feel free to use it, but otherwise “Dear Hiring Manager” is absolutely fine. Take the hour you just freed up and do something more enjoyable with it.

Keep it under one page.

If your cover letters are longer than a page, you’re writing too much, and you risk annoying hiring managers who are likely sifting through hundreds of applications and don’t have time to read lengthy tomes. On the other hand, if you only write one paragraph, it’s unlikely that you’re making a compelling case for yourself as a candidate — not impossible, but unlikely. For most people, something close to a page is about right.

Don’t agonize over the small details.

What matters most about your cover letter is its content. You should of course ensure that it’s well-written and thoroughly proofread, but many job seekers agonize over elements of the letter that really don’t matter. I get tons of  questions from job seekers  about whether they should attach their cover letter or put it in the body of the email (answer: No one cares, but attaching it makes it easier to share and will preserve your formatting), or what to name the file (again, no one really cares as long as it’s reasonably professional, but when people are dealing with hundreds of files named “resume,” it’s courteous to name it with your full name).

Approaching your cover letter like this can make a huge difference in your job search. It can be the thing that moves your application from the “maybe” pile (or even the “no” pile) to the “yes” pile. Of course, writing cover letters like this will take more time than sending out the same templated letter summarizing your résumé — but 10 personalized, compelling cover letters are likely to get you more  interview invitations  than 50 generic ones will.

• ‘I Had a Great Job Interview — Why Haven’t I Heard Back?’
• How to Answer ‘Tell Me About Yourself’ in a Job Interview

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Fact Sheet on FTC’s Proposed Final Noncompete Rule

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The following outline provides a high-level overview of the FTC’s proposed final rule :

• Specifically, the final rule provides that it is an unfair method of competition—and therefore a violation of Section 5 of the FTC Act—for employers to enter into noncompetes with workers after the effective date.
• Fewer than 1% of workers are estimated to be senior executives under the final rule.
• Specifically, the final rule defines the term “senior executive” to refer to workers earning more than $151,164 annually who are in a “policy-making position.”
• Reduced health care costs: $74-$194 billion in reduced spending on physician services over the next decade.
• New business formation: 2.7% increase in the rate of new firm formation, resulting in over 8,500 additional new businesses created each year.
• This reflects an estimated increase of about 3,000 to 5,000 new patents in the first year noncompetes are banned, rising to about 30,000-53,000 in the tenth year.
• This represents an estimated increase of 11-19% annually over a ten-year period.
• The average worker’s earnings will rise an estimated extra $524 per year. 

The Federal Trade Commission develops policy initiatives on issues that affect competition, consumers, and the U.S. economy. The FTC will never demand money, make threats, tell you to transfer money, or promise you a prize. Follow the  FTC on social media , read  consumer alerts  and the  business blog , and  sign up to get the latest FTC news and alerts .

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What the New Overtime Rule Means for Workers

One of the basic principles of the American workplace is that a hard day’s work deserves a fair day’s pay. Simply put, every worker’s time has value. A cornerstone of that promise is the  Fair Labor Standards Act ’s (FLSA) requirement that when most workers work more than 40 hours in a week, they get paid more. The  Department of Labor ’s new overtime regulation is restoring and extending this promise for millions more lower-paid salaried workers in the U.S.

Overtime protections have been a critical part of the FLSA since 1938 and were established to protect workers from exploitation and to benefit workers, their families and our communities. Strong overtime protections help build America’s middle class and ensure that workers are not overworked and underpaid.

Some workers are specifically exempt from the FLSA’s minimum wage and overtime protections, including bona fide executive, administrative or professional employees. This exemption, typically referred to as the “EAP” exemption, applies when: 

1. An employee is paid a salary,  

2. The salary is not less than a minimum salary threshold amount, and 

3. The employee primarily performs executive, administrative or professional duties.

While the department increased the minimum salary required for the EAP exemption from overtime pay every 5 to 9 years between 1938 and 1975, long periods between increases to the salary requirement after 1975 have caused an erosion of the real value of the salary threshold, lessening its effectiveness in helping to identify exempt EAP employees.

The department’s new overtime rule was developed based on almost 30 listening sessions across the country and the final rule was issued after reviewing over 33,000 written comments. We heard from a wide variety of members of the public who shared valuable insights to help us develop this Administration’s overtime rule, including from workers who told us: “I would love the opportunity to...be compensated for time worked beyond 40 hours, or alternately be given a raise,” and “I make around $40,000 a year and most week[s] work well over 40 hours (likely in the 45-50 range). This rule change would benefit me greatly and ensure that my time is paid for!” and “Please, I would love to be paid for the extra hours I work!”

The department’s final rule, which will go into effect on July 1, 2024, will increase the standard salary level that helps define and delimit which salaried workers are entitled to overtime pay protections under the FLSA. 

Starting July 1, most salaried workers who earn less than $844 per week will become eligible for overtime pay under the final rule. And on Jan. 1, 2025, most salaried workers who make less than $1,128 per week will become eligible for overtime pay. As these changes occur, job duties will continue to determine overtime exemption status for most salaried employees.

The rule will also increase the total annual compensation requirement for highly compensated employees (who are not entitled to overtime pay under the FLSA if certain requirements are met) from $107,432 per year to $132,964 per year on July 1, 2024, and then set it equal to $151,164 per year on Jan. 1, 2025.

Starting July 1, 2027, these earnings thresholds will be updated every three years so they keep pace with changes in worker salaries, ensuring that employers can adapt more easily because they’ll know when salary updates will happen and how they’ll be calculated.

The final rule will restore and extend the right to overtime pay to many salaried workers, including workers who historically were entitled to overtime pay under the FLSA because of their lower pay or the type of work they performed. 

We urge workers and employers to visit  our website to learn more about the final rule.

Jessica Looman is the administrator for the U.S. Department of Labor’s Wage and Hour Division. Follow the Wage and Hour Division on Twitter at  @WHD_DOL  and  LinkedIn .  Editor's note: This blog was edited to correct a typo (changing "administrator" to "administrative.")

• Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
• Fair Labor Standards Act
• overtime rule

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College & Career Pathways (CCP), Online: College and Career Pathways: 1 on 1 College/Career Counseling Sessions @ Riverside

This program is online only.

Do you want to go to college or start a career? Need help making a resume? Schedule a 20-minute virtual one-on-one counseling session with staff from the Riverside Library. (Open to the first three teens who make an online reservation).

We can help you look for/with:

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No matter what age, we're here to help you reach your college and career goals.

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Provincial attestation letter

Most study permit applicants need to provide a provincial attestation letter (PAL) from the province or territory where they plan to study.

Unless you meet one of the exceptions , you must

• submit your PAL with your application, not after
• submit a PAL even if you’re applying for a prerequisite course or program, including language courses or programs
• submit a PAL for each study permit applicant, even if you’re applying as a family and submitting your applications together

How long a PAL is valid for

Your PAL only needs to be valid when we receive it with your application. Unless your PAL has an expiry date on it, it’s valid until January 21, 2025. You can resubmit a study permit application with the same PAL if the PAL is still valid.

How to get a PAL

For schools outside of quebec.

Provincial attestation letters are now available

Contact your school to find out how to apply for a PAL. Once you have a PAL, you can apply for a study permit.

For schools in Quebec

Quebec Acceptance Certificate

If you want to study in Quebec, you need an attestation of issuance of your  Quebec Acceptance Certificate (CAQ), which is issued by the Government of Quebec. Contact your school to find out how to apply for the CAQ.

For your CAQ to act as your provincial attestation letter, it needs to include the following line:

“This attestation letter confirms that the applicant has a place in Quebec’s share of the distribution of study permit applications or is exempt from it.”

CAQs for applications received before 8:30 a.m. ET on January 22, 2024, do not require the above line.

Who doesn’t need a provincial attestation letter

You do not need a PAL when applying for a study permit if any of the following applies to you

• You’re applying to study in a preschool, primary school or secondary school (up to grade 12).
• You’re applying to study in a master’s degree or doctoral degree program.
• You have a study permit and are applying for a study permit extension.
• You have a work permit.
• You’re a temporary resident who is a visiting or exchange student studying at a designated learning institution (DLI).
• You’re a temporary resident who has completed a course or program of study that is a prerequisite to you enrolling at a DLI.
• You’re under a removal order, but can’t be removed from Canada at this time.
• You have a temporary resident permit valid for at least 6 months.
• You’re a protected person .
• based on humanitarian and compassionate grounds
• based on a current public policy, or
• as a spouse or common-law partner (through the spouse or common-law partner in Canada class).
• a study permit holder
• a work permit holder
• a temporary resident permit holder with a permit that’s valid for at least 6 months
• a member of armed forces in another country under the Visiting Forces Act
• an accredited foreign government representative
• a participant in certain sports activities or events
• a worker in Canada who is a member of a foreign news company
• a religious worker
• a protected person
• eligible for permanent residence based on humanitarian and compassionate grounds
• eligible for permanent residence based on a current public policy
• eligible for permanent residence as a spouse or common-law partner (through the spouse or common-law partner in Canada class)

You need to provide proof that you meet one of the above exceptions if you don’t provide a PAL with your study permit application.

Learn more about changes for international students .

Protected person in Canada

You’re a protected person if either

• a Convention refugee
• a person in need of protection
• Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada has approved your application for a pre-removal risk assessment

Accredited foreign government representative

This includes

• an employee of a foreign government who works for a Canadian government department under an exchange agreement
• an accredited diplomat, consular officer, official or representative of another country
• an accredited representative or official of the United Nations or
• an accredited representative or official of an international organization of which Canada is a member

Sports activities or events

This exemption applies if your family member is

• a foreign athlete or coach
• a member of a foreign team competing in Canada
• a member of a Canadian amateur team

Member of a foreign news company

• a news reporter or member of a reporter’s crew
• a member of a film or media crew who will not enter the Canadian labour market
• a journalist who works for a print, broadcast or Internet news service (journal, newspaper, magazine, television show, etc.)
• a resident correspondent
• a manager or member of clerical staff, as long as the event is short term (6 months or less)

Religious worker

This exemption applies if your family member is in Canada

• helping a congregation to reach spiritual goals
• preaching doctrine
• leading worship or
• providing spiritual counselling

Examples of religious leaders include

• missionaries
• pastoral animators
• archbishops

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