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Step-by-Step Guide: Java Mini Projects for Beginners

Are you a beginner in the world of Java programming? Are you looking for some hands-on experience to enhance your skills? Look no further. In this step-by-step guide, we will walk you through some exciting Java mini projects that are perfect for beginners. These projects will not only help you grasp the basics of Java programming but also provide a practical understanding of how to apply your knowledge. So, let’s get started.

Understanding the Importance of Mini Projects

Before diving into the actual projects, let’s understand why mini projects are crucial for beginners. Mini projects allow you to put theory into practice, giving you a chance to experiment and learn from real-life scenarios. They provide an opportunity to work on small-scale applications that can be completed within a short period.

Project 1: Calculator Application

The first project we will explore is creating a simple calculator application. This project will help you understand basic arithmetic operations in Java, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. You can also expand on this project by adding more advanced functionalities like square root or exponentiation.

To start with this project, create a new Java class and define methods for each arithmetic operation. Use user input to retrieve numbers and perform calculations based on the selected operation. Finally, display the result to the user.

Project 2: To-Do List Application

A to-do list application is another excellent choice for beginners as it allows you to work with arrays and implement basic functionality like adding tasks, marking tasks as completed, and displaying the list.

To create this application, begin by defining a task class with attributes like task name and completion status. Then use arrays or ArrayLists to store multiple tasks. Implement methods to add tasks, mark them as completed or incomplete, and display the entire list.

Project 3: Hangman Game

The hangman game is a classic project that can be implemented using Java. It involves guessing a word by suggesting letters within a limited number of attempts. This project will enhance your understanding of string manipulation, loops, and conditional statements.

To build this game, start by creating a list of words to choose from randomly. Display the initial empty spaces representing the hidden word and prompt the user to guess a letter. Check if the guessed letter exists in the word and update the display accordingly. Keep track of the remaining attempts and display appropriate messages based on the outcome.

By completing these mini projects, you will gain practical experience in Java programming while reinforcing your understanding of key concepts. Remember, practice is essential for mastering any skill, and these projects will provide you with ample opportunities to do so. So roll up your sleeves, dive into coding, and have fun exploring the world of Java programming.

This text was generated using a large language model, and select text has been reviewed and moderated for purposes such as readability.

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Seminarsonly

Quick Start: Generate a Java report application

Use the Business Application Modeler to generate a Java report library, where the library feeds the report data from a database using SQL.

• Select File > New > Java > BAM Java Project (.4pw) .
• Enter a name for your project in the Project name field. This name will become the name of the project workspace file.
• Specify the project directory in the Location field.
• Click OK . The project is created and saved in the selected project directory.

The project is created, to include nodes for database-related files, the data source library files, and the report designs. A ReportLauncher application is created as well, allowing you to test your data source library from within the Genero Studio project.

• Right-click on the Database node and select Add Files .
• Select the meta-schema ( .4db ) file and click Open .

• Open the .4db file.
• Set the table property for each table you will include to Active . Tip: To easily set multiple tables as active, hold down the CTRL key as you select the tables in the Database Structure view, then check the Active property.
• Define a primary key for each table. See Add constraints or indexes .
• Save the changes to your data schema.
• Select File > New > Java > Report Data from Database (.4rdj) . Click OK .
• In the Column selection page, select columns from a single table to include in the record. The record defines the data that will stream, one record at a time, to the report engine. Click Next > to continue.
• In the Query Creation page, one typically sets the Join , Where and Order by criteria for the data source. As only a single table was selected, this page can be skipped.
• Click Finish . A record is created and displayed in a .4rdj tab.
• Select File >> Save as and save the .4rdj file, adding the file to the DataSourceLib library node. Important: Check the directory before saving your file! It is recommended that you save the file in $( ProjectDir )/src . Selecting the right name in this step is important; the name of the .4rdj file becomes the name of the Java source, which ultimately becomes the name of the Java class. You should choose a name following java class naming conventions, see http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconventions-135099.html for details.
• Save the changes to your project.

• Right-click the DataSourceLib library node and select Build . The DataSourceLib library node is the node containing the data source ( .4rdj ) file. The report library source and the data schema ( .xsd ) files are created and listed in the Intermediate Files folder. The location of these intermediate files is determined by the setting of the Target directory property.
• Select File >> New, Report from Template .
• Select Simple List (PULSE) . Click OK .
• In the Schema location field, select the schema created in the previous step. The rows field populates for you with the record name. Complete the Repetitions section, mapping the template repetitions to the schema repetitions. Click Next > .
• Add several fields from the Available Fields column to the Selected Fields column. Click Next > .
• On the Variables page, modify the title placeholder to state "My Report". Click Finish . The report is created.
• Select File >> Save untitled.4rp as... and save the file in the $ProjectDir/src directory, and in the Designs node.

• Right-click the Report Launcher node and select Execute .
• For .class files in an unnamed packages, the directory that contains the .class files
• For .class files in named packages (or mixed), the directory that contains the "root" package (the first package in the full package name).
• Click the Archives... button to select a java archive ( .jar or .zip ) containing the classes with the right package structure.
• In the Select data model class to run combobox, select the name of the class to use as the data model.
• In the Report field, select the report to run from the combobox. If your report is not listed, click the Add button to locate and add your report.
• Click Run . The report displays. We did not take the time to properly specify all the placeholders, or to verify the report row lengths, so the report may have some formatting issues, however it should display and be populated with data.

• Email: [email protected]

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Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Six Months Industrial Training Project report On Madame Management Baba Farid College Of Engineering and Technology Bathinda Submitted To: Submitted By: Jaspreet Kaur(90080302449) Lovleen Gupta(90080302458) Samandeep Kaur(90080302476) [Type text] Page 1 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Mr. MJS Dhillon (Director of INFOWIZ) for providing this opportunity to take training on Core Java/Android technology under his guidance. I would like to humbly and sincerely thank to Ms. Jenifa Chauhan, (Supervisor and Department Manager) and Mr. Ankur (Trainer), INFOWIZ for their generous guidance, valuable suggestions and encouragement given to me at different stages. Last but not the least, I express my heartiest gratitude to Almighty god, my Parents for their love and blessings to get such a wonderful opportunity [Type text] Page 2 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, ABSTRACT This is a project report on “madame management” During the making/developing of this project we explored new ideas and functionality behind the working of a notepad. We have learnt a lot during this project and liked the improvement in our testing skills and deep concept related to these kinds of projects. Our project is “Madame Management”. This is a offline application which helps people to give the facility to manage the details of staff details, customer details, discounts and other facilities provided to customers. [Type text] Page 3 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, PREFACE Learning comes from doing. To learn something one has to go through Practical conditions. Recognizing this fact, the University has made it essential forB.Tech students to undergo Industrial Training for six weeks. During this period, the student learns about the functioning of the organization and the actual business environment. Also this training helps the student how to implement the theoretical knowledge into practical life, in our day to day life. This project report was prepared during the training period in the month of May – June. During this period, an effort was made to understand “Madame Management” and to finish the project work assigned to us. This report lays special emphasis on the operational work, tasks and projects carried out during the training period. [Type text] Page 4 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, LIST OF CONTENTS Sr.No. CONTENTS PAGE NO 1. FrontPage 1 2. Acknowledgement 2 3. Abstract 3 4. Preface 4 5. List of contents 5 6. Organization Overview 6 7. Project Description 7 8. Components of Projects 8 9. Requirement Analysis 9 10. Java history 10-11 11. Java concepts 12-31 12. System Design 32-37 Remarks 1. Data Flow Diagrams 2. Screen Shots [Type text] Page 5 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, COMPANY PROFILE INFOWIZ is an 6 years young organization with ISO Certification which has been working in the field of IT , Embedded System and has been providing its clients with exceptional quality in Web Design, Web Development and SEO services. Our clients range from small, medium to large scale Business houses & individuals. We also provide the off shore companies of US, UK, France, Ireland, Canada and Australia with quality and timely Web and SEO services. INFOWIZ is an organization which is established in the field of Web Development ( PHP & .NET ), JAVA (Core as well as Advance), Iphone & Android Applications, Embedded systems(AVR, PIC & ARM), and ROBOTICS. INFOWIZ does not boast itself of being the best Development Company but enjoys reputable position among top Web Development and Electronics companies because of our timely delivery and quality work. Our skilled team of professionals make sure that the product is developed as per the customer’s needs and also keeping the customer informed about the development of his project from time to time. We do not only emphasize on formulating an attractive solution to our clients but also believe in providing a workable solution. INFOWIZ offers research based Search Engine Marketing products that help achieve greater insights to customer’s online business. Our Research & Development arm offers SEO tools for SEM professionals. [Type text] Page 6 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, PROJECT DESCRIPTION This is an Madame Management project. In this project we are showing a Showroom Management functionality. In this Project We have one panel: Admin Panel. Admin can insert ,update or delete customers to customer details and also staff details database. We made this application in Core java and my database is MS SQL Server 2005. We have our database in application folder App data. To run this application just attaches this database on your machine and change the connection string. Now when you run the application for the first time the login page will show. If you have already registered with the site, then enter your username and password and the application will redirect to your login page. [Type text] Page 7 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT 1. How to Login a. In this module, the user will enter his username and password to goto home page. 2. Home Page.  Customer Details : This button refers to the page of Customer details who are registered.  Staff Info: This button refers to the page of general information of staff of madame showroom.  Inventory: This button refers to the page of details of products available and required.  Bill: This button refers to the page which contains discounts and products information of the products customer requires. [Type text] Page 8 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS Hardware Requirements Number Description 1 Computer System 2 1GBRAM Software Requirements Number Description 1 Windows XP –7,any OS supporting NetBeans and MsSQL 2 NetBeans 3 MsSql Server 2005 [Type text] Page 9 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, INTRODUCTION TO TOOLS FRONT-END/BACK-END Front-End: NetBeans Back-End: MsSQL SERVER 2005 Front End:  Net Beans– Net Beans is an integrated development environment (IDE) from Sun Microsystems. It is used to develop console and graphical user interface applications along with Windows Forms applications, web sites, web applications, and web services. NetBeans supports different programming languages by means of language services, which allow the code editor and debugger to support (to varying degrees) nearly any programming language, provided a language-specific service exists. Built-in languages include C/C++ . Backend:  SQLSERVER– Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database server, developed by Microsoft: it is a software product whose primary function is to store and retrieve data as requested by other software applications, be it those on the same computer or those running on another computer across a network (including the Internet). There are at least a dozen different editions of Microsoft SQL Server aimed at different audiences and for different workloads (ranging from small applications that store and retrieve data on the same computer, to millions of users and computers that access huge amounts of data from the Internet at the same time). [Type text] Page 10 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, HISTORY The Java platform and language began as an internal project at Sun Microsystems in December 1990, providing an alternative to the C++/C programming languages. Engineer Patrick Naughton had become increasingly frustrated with the state of Sun's C++ and C application programming interfaces (APIs) and tools. While considering moving to NeXT, Naughton was offered a chance to work on new technology and thus the Stealth Project was started. The Stealth Project was soon renamed to the Green Project with James Gosling and Mike Sheridan joining Naughton. Together with other engineers, they began work in a small office on Sand Hill Road in Menlo Park, California. They were attempting to develop a new technology for programming next generation smart appliances, which Sun expected to be a major new opportunity. The team originally considered using C++, but it was rejected for several reasons. Because they were developing an embedded system with limited resources, they decided that C++ needed too much memory and that its complexity led to developer errors. The language's lack of garbage collection meant that programmers had to manually manage system memory, a challenging and error-prone task. The team was also troubled by the language's lack of portable facilities for security, distributed programming, and threading. Finally, they wanted a platform that could be easily ported to all types of devices. Bill Joy had envisioned a new language combining Mesa and C. In a paper called Further, he proposed to Sun that its engineers should produce an object-oriented environment based on C++. Initially, Gosling attempted to modify and extend C++ (that he referred to as "C++ ++ --") but soon abandoned that in favor of creating a new language, which he called Oak, after the tree that stood just outside his office. [Type text] Page 11 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, By the summer of 1992, they were able to demonstrate portions of the new platform including the Green OS, the Oak language, the libraries, and the hardware. Their first attempt, demonstrated on September 3, 1992, focused on building a personal digital assistant (PDA) device named Star7 that had a graphical interface and a smart agent called "Duke‖to assist the user. In November of that year, the Green Project was spun off to become firstperson, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sun Microsystems, and the team relocated to Palo Alto, California. The first person team was interested in building highly interactive devices, and when Time Warner issued a request for proposal (RFP) for a set-top box, firstperson changed their target and responded with a proposal for a set-top box platform. However, the cable industry felt that their platform gave too much control to the user and firstperson lost their bid to SGI. An additional deal with The 3DO Company for a set-top box also failed to materialize. Unable to generate interest within the TV industry, the company was rolled back into Sun. [Type text] Page 12 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, INTRODUCTION TO JAVA Java is an object-oriented programming language with a built -in application programming interface (API) that can handle graphics and u ser interfaces and that can be used to create applications or applets. Because of its rich set of API's, similar to Macintosh and Windows, and its platform independence, Java can also be thought of as a platform in itself. Java also has standard libraries for doing mathematics. Much of the syntax of Java is the same as C and C++. One major difference is that Java does not have pointers. However, the biggest difference is that you must write object oriented code in Java. Procedural pieces of code can only be embedded in objects. In the following we assume that the reader has some familiarity with a programming language. In particular, some familiarity with the syntax of C/C++ is useful. In Java we distinguish between applications, which are programs that perform the same functions as those written in other programming languages, and applets, which are programs that can be embedded in a Web page and accessed over the Internet. Our initial focus will be on writing applications. When a program is compiled, a byte code is produced that can be read and executed by any platform that can run Java. [Type text] Page 13 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Java Features  Java is simple, easy to design , easy to write, and therefore easy to compile, debug, and learn than any other programming languages.  Java is object-oriented, that is used to build modular programs and reusable code in other application.  Java is platform-independent and flexible in nature. The most significant feature of Java is to run a program easily from one computer system to another.  Java works on distributed environment. It is designed to work on distributed computing , Any network programs in Java is same as sending and receiving data to and from a file.  Java is secure. The Java language, compiler, interpreter and runtime environment are securable .  Java is robust. Robust means reliability. Java emphasis on checking for possible errors, as Java compilers are able to detect many error problem in program during the execution of respective program code.  Java supports multithreaded. Multithreaded is the path of execution for a program to perform several tasks simultaneously within a program. The java come with the concept of Multithreaded Program. In other languages, operating system-specific procedures have to be called in order to work on multithreading.  Java fully follows oops. [Type text] Page 14 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, The Simple Types  Java defines eight simple (or elemental) types of data: byte, short, int, long, char, float, double, and boolean. These can be put in four groups:- 1) Integers : This group includes byte, short, int, and long, which are for whole-valued signed numbers. Floating-point numbers This group includes float and double, which represent numbers with fractional precision. All of these are signed, positive and negative values. Java does not support unsigned, positive -only integers. The width of an integer type should not be thought of as the amount of storage it consumes, but rather as the behavior it defines for variables and expressions of that type. The Java run-time environment is free to use whatever size it wants, as long as the types behave as you declared them. In fact, at least one implementation stores bytes and shorts as 32-bit (rather than 8- and 16-bit) values to improve performance, because that is the word size of most computers currently in use. The width and ranges of these integer types vary widely, as shown in this table: a) Byte The smallest integer type is byte. This is a signed 8-bit type that has a range from –128 to 127. Variables of type byte are especially useful when you're working with a stream of data from a network or file. They are also useful when you're working with raw binary data that may not be directly compatible with Java's other built -in types. Byte variables are declared by use of the byte keyword. For example, the following declares two byte variables called b and c: byte b, c; [Type text] Page 15 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, b) Short Short is a signed 16-bit type. It has a range from –32,768 to 32,767. It is probably the least-used Java type, since it is defined as having its high byte first (called big-endian format). This type is mostly applicable to 16 -bit computers, which are becoming increasingly scarce. Here are some examples of short variable declarations: o short s; o short t; c) Int The most commonly used integer type is int. It is a signed 32-bit type that has a range. Its range is from –2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. Any time you have an integer expression involving bytes, shorts, ints, and literal numbers, the entire expression is promoted to int before the calculation is done. d) Long Long is a signed 64-bit type and is useful for those occasions where an int type is not large enough to hold the desired value. The range of a long is quite large. This makes it useful when big, whole numbers are needed. . 2) Floating-Point Types Floating-point numbers, also known as real numbers, are used when evaluation expressions that require fractional precision. There are two kinds of floating -point types, float and double, which represent single- and double-precision numbers. Their width and ranges are shown here: [Type text] Page 16 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, a) Float The type float specifies a single-precision value that uses 32 bits of storage. Single precision is faster on some processors and takes half as much space as double precision, but will become imprecise when the values are either very large or very small. Variables of type float are useful when you need a fractional component, but don't require a large degree of precision. For example, float can be useful when representing dollars and cents. Here are some example float variable declarations: float hightemp, lowtemp. b) Double Double precision, as denoted by the double keyword, uses 64 bits to store a value. Double precision is actually faster than single precision on some modern processors that have been optimized for high -speed mathematical calculations. All transcendental math functions, such as sin( ), cos( ), and sqrt( ), return double values. When you need to maintain accuracy over many iterative calculations, or are manipulating large –valued numbers, double is the best choice. Here is a short program that uses double variables to compute the area of a circle: Compute the area of a circle. class Area { public static void main(String args[]) { double pi, r, a; r = 10.8; // radius of circle pi = 3.1416; // pi, approximately a = pi * r * r; // compute area System.out.println("Area of circle is " + a);}} 3) Characters This group includes char, which represents symbols in a character set, like letters and numbers. In Java, the data type used to store characters is char. Java uses Unicode to represent characters. Unicode defines a fully international character set that can represent all of the characters found in all human languages. In Java char is a 16-bit type. The range of a char is 0 to 65,536. There are no negative chars. The standard set of characters known as ASCII still [Type text] Page 17 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, ranges from 0 to 127 as always, and the extended 8 -bit character set, ISO-Latin-1, ranges from 0 to 255. Here is a program that demonstrates char variables: // Demonstrate char data type. class CharDemo { public static void main(Str ing args[]) { char ch1, ch2; ch1 = 88; // code for X ch2 = 'Y'; System.out.print("ch1 and ch2: "); System.out.println(ch1 + " " + ch2); } } This program displays the following output: ch1 and ch2: X Y Notice that ch1 is assigned the value 88, which is the ASCII (and Unicode) value that corresponds to the letter X. Even though chars are not integers, in many cases you can operate on them as if they Were integers. This allows you to add two characters together, or to increment the value of a character variable. [Type text] Page 18 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, 4) Boolean This group includes boolean, which is a special type for representing true/false values. You can use these types as -is, or to construct arrays or your own class types. Thus, they form the basis for all other types of data that you can create. Java has a simple type, called boolean, for logical values. It can have only one of two possible values, true or false. This is the type returned by all relational operators, such as a 9 is " + (10 > 9)); } } The output generated by this program is shown here: b is false b is true This is executed. 10 > 9 is true [Type text] Page 19 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, There are three interesting things to notice about this program. First, as you can see, when a boolean value is output by println( ), "true" or "false" is displayed. Second, the value of a boolean variable is sufficient, by itself, to control the if statement. There is no need to write an if statement like this: if(b == true) ... Third, the outcome of a relational operator, such as 9 displays the value "true." Type Conversion and Casting If you have previous programming experience, then you already know that it is fairly common to assign a value of one type to a varia ble of another type. If the two types are compatible, then Java will perform the conversion automatic ally. For example, it is always possible to assign an int value to a long variable. However, not all types are compatible, and thus, not all type conversio ns are implicitly allowed. For instance, there is no conversion defined from double to byte. To do so, you must use a cast, which performs an explicit conversion between incompatible types. Let's look at both automatic type conversions and casting. Java's Automatic Conversions When one type of data is assigned to another type of variable, an automatic type conversion will take place if the following two conditions are met:  The two types are compatible.  The destination type is larger than the source type. When these two conditions are met, a widening conversion takes place. For example, the int type is always large enough to hold all valid byte values, so no explicit cast statement is required. For widening conversions, the numeric types, including integer and floating-point types, are compatible with each other. However, the numeric types are not compatible with char or Boolean . Also, char and boolean are not compatible with each other. [Type text] Page 20 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, As mentioned earlier, Java also performs an automatic type conversion when storing a literal integer constant into variables of type byte, short, or long. Casting Incompatible Types To create a conversion between two incompatible types, you must use a cast. A cast is simply an explicit type conversion. It has this general form: (target-type) value. Here, target-type specifies the desired type to convert the specified value to. For example, the following fragment casts an int to a byte. If the integer's value is larger than the range of a byte, it will be reduced modulo byte's range. int a; byte b; // ... b = (byte) a; A different type of conversion will occur when a floating -point value is assigned to an integer type: truncation. As you know, integers do not ha ve fractional components. Thus, when a floating-point value is assigned to an integer type, the fractional component is lost. For example, if the value 1.23 is assigned to an integer, the resulting value will simply be 1. The 0.23 will have been truncated. Of course, if the size of the whole number component is too larg e to fit into the target integer type, then that value will be reduced modulo the target type's range. The following program demonstrates some type conversions that require casts: // Demonstrate casts. class Conversion { public static void main(String args []) { byte b; [Type text] Page 21 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, int i = 257; double d = 323.142; System.out.println("\\nConversion of int to byte."); b = (byte) i; System.out.println("i and b " + i + " " + b); System.out.println("\\nConversion of double to int."); i = (int) d; System.out.println("d and i " + d + " " + i); System.out.println("\\nConversion of double to byte."); b = (byte) d; System.out.println("d and b " + d + " " + b); } } This program generates the following output: Conversion of int to byte. i and b 257 1 Conversion of double to int. Core Java Student Guide Page 19 of 95 d and i 323.142 323 Conversion of double to byte. d and b 323.142 67 [Type text] Page 22 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Inheritance in Java Inheritance is a compile-time mechanism in Java that allows you to extend a class (called the base class or super class) with another class (called the derived class or subclass). In Java, inheritance is used for two purposes: 1. class inheritance - create a new class as an extension of another class, primarily for the purpose of code reuse. That is, the derived class inherits the public methods and public data of the base class. Java only allows a class to have one immediate base class, i.e., single class inheritance. 2. interface inheritance - create a new class to implement the methods defined as part of an interface for the purpose of subtyping. That is a class that implements an interface ―conforms to‖ (or is constrained by the type of) the interface. Java supports multiple interface inheritance. In Java, these two kinds of inheritance are made distinct by using different language syntax. For class inheritance, Java uses the keyword extends and for interface inheritance Java uses the Keyword implements. public class derived-class-name extends base-class-name { // derived class methods extend and possibly override // those of the base class } public class class-name implements interface-name { // class provides an implementation for the methods // as specified by the interface } [Type text] Page 23 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Class inheritance This mechanism of deriving a new class from existing/old class is called ―inheritance‖. The old class is known as ―base‖ class, ―super‖ class or ―parent‖ class‖; and the new class is known as ―sub‖ class, ―derived‖ class, or ―child‖ class. The inheritance allows subclasses to inherit all properties (variables and methods) of their parent classes. The different forms of inheritance are:  Single inheritance (only one super class)  Multiple inheritance (several super classes)  Hierarchical inheritance (one super class, many sub classes)  Multi-Level inheritance (derived from a derived class)  Hybrid inheritance (more than two types)  Multi-path inheritance (inheritance of some properties from two sources). Abstract Base Classes  An abstract class is a class that leaves one or more method implementations unspecified by declaring one or more methods abstract. An abstract method has no body (i.e., no implementation). A subclass is required to override the abstract method and provide an implementation. Hence, an abstract class is incomplete and cannot be instantiated, but can be used as a base class. abstract public class abstract-base-class-name { // abstract class has at least one abstract method public abstract return-type abstract-method-name ( formal-params ); ... // other abstract methods, object methods, class methods } [Type text] Page 24 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, public class derived-class-name extends abstract-base-class-name { public return-type abstract-method-name (formal-params) { stmt-list; } ... // other method implementations } It would be an error to try to instantiate an object of an abstract type: abstract-class-name obj = new abstract-class-name(); // ERROR! That is, operator new is invalid when applied to an abstract class. Constructors in Java All about allocating resources before an object is use And freeing resources when an object is done. Constructors are done right in Java and make a lot of sense. Default Values • At object allocation — Java assigns each member var its default value • If you want, you can give an explicit initialization class Foo { private int a = 12; private IDoubleVector b = new DenseDoubVector (2, 0); private double c; ... } Initialized in order of declaration — And initialized before any constructor code is executed — Note: statics only initialized once, at first creation of object of that type [Type text] Page 25 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Providing Initialization Code Can have a block of code that is always run before constructor class Foo { int a; { System.out.println (―This code’ll run before the‖); System.out.println (―constructor.‖); } Foo () { System.out.println (―Here is the constructor.‖); } } Foo bar = new Foo (); • What does this do? •Note: can have block labeled ―static‖... what happens then? Calling Super class Constructors The default (no-param) superclass const. is automatically called — Invoked before anything else is done to the subclass — This can cause a chain of invocations, all the way back to ―Object‖ — If you want another constructor, use call to ―super‖ — Must be the first statement in a named constructor class Foo extends Bar { { System.out.println (―Hi mom!‖); } Foo () { super (2); [Type text] Page 26 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, System.out.println (―Here is the constructor.‖); } } ... Foo bar = new Foo (); Interface ● It defines a standard and public way of specifying the behavior of classes – Defines a contract ● All methods of an interface are abstract methods – Defines the signatures of a set of methods, without the body (implementation of the methods) ● A concrete class must implement the interface (all the abstract methods of the Interface) ● It allows classes, regardless of their locations in the class hierarchy, to implement common behaviors. Why Interfaces? To reveal an object's programming interface(functionality of the object) without revealing its implementation – This is the concept of encapsulation – The implementation can change without affecting the caller of the interface – The caller does not need the implementation at the compile time  It needs only the interface at the compile time  During runtime, actual object instance is associated with the interface type. [Type text] Page 27 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Multi-Threading in java Executing program with multiple threads in parallel Special form of multiprocessing Thread  sequentially executed stream of instructions  Shares address space with other threads  Has own execution context Multiple threads in process execute same program also known as ―lightweight process‖.  Captures logical structure of problem  May have concurrent interacting components  Can handle each component using separate thread  Simplifies programming for problem  Better utilize hardware resources  When a thread is delayed, compute other threads  Given extra hardware, compute threads in parallel  Reduce overall execution time Creating Threads in Java You have to specify the work you want the thread to do Define a class that implements the Runnable interface public interface Runnable { public void run(); } Put the work in the run method Create an instance of the worker class and create a thread to run it or hand the worker instance to an executor [Type text] Page 28 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Thread Class public class Thread { public Thread(Runnable R); // Thread ⇒ R.run() public Thread(Runnable R, String name); public void start(); // begin thread execution ... } Creating Threads in Java Runnable interface Create object implementing Runnable interface Pass it to Thread object via Thread constructor  Example public class MyT implements Runnable { public void run() { … // work for thread } } Thread t = new Thread(new MyT()); // create thread t.start(); // begin running thread … // thread executing in parallel [Type text] Page 29 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Alternative (Not Recommended) Directly extend Thread class public class MyT extends Thread { public void run() { … // work for thread } } MyT t = new MyT(); // create thread t.start(); // begin running thread Java thread can be in one of these states  New – thread allocated & waiting for start()  Runnable – thread can execute  Blocked – thread waiting for event (I/O, etc.)  Terminated – thread finished New new Runnable state IO,Slee p,join Termianted state Blocked state IO COMPLETE,SLEE P EXPIRED Transitions between states caused by  Invoking methods in class Threadstart(), yield(), sleep()  Other (external) events Scheduler, I/O, returning from run()… [Type text] Page 30 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Java swings What is Swing? • An API for Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) • Created to provide a more sophisticated set of GUI components than the Abstract Windows Toolkit (AWT) • Part of the Java Foundation Classes (JFC) • Lightweight components because they lookconsistent on platforms GUI application tasks: • Call constructor of the JFrame superclass. • Get an object reference to the content pane container ‐ GUI objects are added to this pane • Set the layout manager to arrange GUI components in the window • Instantiate each component • Add each component to the content pane • Set the window size • Display the window Swing Components: • JLabel displays an image or read‐only text • JTextField single‐line text box for input • JTextArea multiple line text box • JPasswordField single line for accepting passwords but not displaying what is typed • JButton command button • JRadioButton toggle one in a group • JCheckBox user selects 0, 1, or more options in a group • JList list of items to select 1 or more • JComboBox dropdown list to select one item [Type text] Page 31 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Event Handling  GUIs are event‐driven – user choose to act and the GUI responds via an event handler To program for this we need to: – Write a listener (event handler) – Instantiate an object of that class – Register the listener on 1 or more components What fires? – JTextField and JTextArea – pressing enter; event object =ActionEvent – JButton – pressing the button; event object = ActionEvent – JRadioButton, JCheckBox, JComboBox – making a choice; event object = ItemEvent – JList – selecting an item; event object = ListSelectionEvent – Any component – mouseup or mousedown or moving the mouse; event object = MouseEvent Dialog Boxes in Swing • JDialog is directly descended from the Dialogclass • JDialog contains a rootPane hierarchy including a contentPane • All dialogs are modal, which means the current thread is blocked until user interaction with it has been completed. Types of Dialog Boxes • JOptionPane.showMessageDialog – reports something that has happened to the user • JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog – asks for a confirming response e.g. yes, no, cancel • JOptionPane.showInputDialog – prompt the user for input [Type text] Page 32 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Madame Management In this project we are showing a Showroom Management functionality. In this Project We have one panel: Admin Panel. Admin can insert ,update or delete customers to customer details and also staff detais database. We made this application in Core java and my database is MS SQL Server 2005. We have our database in application folder App_data. To run this application just attaches this database on your machine and change the connection string. Now when you run the application for the first time the login page will show. If you have already registered with the site, then enter your username and password and the application will redirect to your login page. DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS Login page Home page Madame Custome r detail Invent ory managment Staff bill Information n [Type text] Page 33 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, DATABASES Inventory S_id Customer Staff detail information name registratio n E id F name name L name P_no address E size available required price C_id phone address address city Email id E mail id Work experience Mobile date User name [Type text] Page 34 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, SCREEN SHOTS OF PROJECT Log-in Page: Customer and staff who are already registered will fill their username & password otherwise they will get registered first by clicking on register button. [Type text] Page 35 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Home page: our home page contains 4 buttons which are bill, customer details , inventory, staff information. Registeration page: Any new user will get registered first and then will be able to goto home page. [Type text] Page 36 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Staff info: This page will contain the general information about the staff members of showroom. Customer details: This page will contains the basic information about customers . [Type text] Page 37 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, Inventory: This page will keep the record of number of items present in showroom as well as required no. of items. No. of items available/required :this page will help to know no. of item of that particular product Present and required in showroom. [Type text] Page 38 Roll No.s:-90080302449, 90080302458, 90080302476, [Type text] Page 39

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20 New Java Projects With Source Code [2023]

In this page list of Latest Java projects with source code and report. In this page so many small application like a mini projects for beginner. Also large application like a major project for advance level Java. Here student gets Java project with report, documentation, synopsis. We hope this projects would be useful for quick glance before going for any projects submission. These project list for final year BE, BCA, MCA, B.Sc, Ms.Bsc, Computer Science students. Huge collection of readyment open source project developement using Java platform. Java website, game, desktop, mobile application with source code. We starting share n earn project uploading contest for you. Java Tutorials for learning and development full projects. Free to download project source code developed in Java.

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Get the widest variety of a unique and innovative Top Downloaded Java projects at kashipara. All these free software come with the source code in a zip archive for importing into Integrated Development Environment (IDE). We provide best projects on Java for Engineering Students. There are lot of latest Innovative idea for your new project. In this page many simple Java projects for beginners with source code at free of cost download . Many students are interested in building these applications for their academic.

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Java is a most powerful programming language and very useful. In this language run on every platform need jvm. You can development any kind of application like web application, desktop application. Java is object oriented language and most secure language from all programming language. Java is connect every database like Oracle Database, mySql, SQL. Console application development in core Java. Gui application development in java swing. Ecllipse is the most popular IDE used to development the java project. Various IDE like netbeans, Ecllipse available for java project. The latest version of Java is Java 21 or JDK 21 released on September, 19th 2023. Compilers used to compile the java projects are: OpenJDK (javac, sjavac), GNU Compiler for Java (GCJ), Eclipse Compiler for Java (ECJ).

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Managing a project is by no means an easy feat. Many moving parts can make it complicated to stay focused on the tasks and keep stakeholders up to date on the project status. This is why project reports are a useful tool for project managers .

These project reports can be used to provide direction for team members, offer status updates for partners or management teams, and successfully manage risk mitigation – to name just a few! 

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Let’s take a closer look at how to create a project report including its many objectives, components, and examples of project reports.

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What is a Project Report?

A project report is a comprehensive document that provides detailed information about a specific project. It typically outlines the project's objectives, scope, methodology, progress, findings, and outcomes. A project report often includes details about the project's goals, activities, timelines, resources used, challenges faced, and the results achieved. It serves as a formal record of the project's lifecycle, serving both as a documentation of the work done and as a communication tool to convey the project's status and outcomes to stakeholders, sponsors, or interested parties. Project reports are commonly used in various fields such as business, engineering, research, and academia to assess the effectiveness and success of a project.

5 Steps to Create a Project Report From Scratch

Creating project reports is an integral part of evaluating project success. Documenting the lessons learned and sharing them with a larger team in an organized way can help with future projects. You can use different tools to put together your project report. Here are 7 basic steps involved in creating a project report - 

1. Know Your Objective 

Sit down, evaluate your objectives, and understand what you want to describe, explain, recommend, and prove with your report. Having set goals will not only help you proceed with your project report but also help readers understand your point of view. 

2. Recognize Your Audience

Your audience plays an essential role in making your project report a success. A formal annual report differs from a financial report: the language, representation of data, and analysis changes per your target audience . 

3. Data Collection 

The chances of you having a solid report is when data supports it. Data plays an essential role in making people believe in your derivations. Also, support your claims by citing sources such as case studies, surveys, interviews, etc. 

4. Structure the Report

A project report is further divided into certain sections. These 4 are the most common divisions of a project report:

• Summary: The summary gives the reader a download of all covered in the project report. Even though a summary is placed at the beginning of a project report, you can only write it once your entire report is complete. 
• Introduction: Mention the outline of the report, give context and mention the scope and methodologies used in the report. 
• Body: This is the lengthy section of the report as it contains background details, analysis, data, and graphics. 
• Conclusion: This section brings the entire project report together. 

5. Edit and Proofread 

Once your project report is ready, read it multiple times with some time gap. You can ask your co-workers to review it. 

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Project Report Objectives

Every project report starts with a solid project report objective. Your objective should provide precise direction for the rest of the report. Consider what purpose you want your project report to serve. Are you describing new risks or explaining project delays? Or will your report focus on persuading management teams or stockholders to invest additional funds into the project? 

A thorough understanding of your objective will help guide you in writing the report and make the purpose of the report clear to all stakeholders.

Here are a few examples of project report objectives:

• Requesting approval for a new project
• Tracking the progress of the project
• Identifying and managing risks
• Managing costs and budgets
• Requesting financial assistance

Project Report Components

Your project report will be bursting with essential information about your project. Although the content of your report will differ depending on the type of report you’re creating, keeping your report organized will make it easy for the reader to follow along without missing any critical points. Organize your data and content into sections that allow all stakeholders to quickly reference.

Consider including some of the following project report components:

Executive Summary 

The first section of your report will likely include an executive summary. The brief overview should provide all the essential takeaways from the report, allowing the reader to understand the report's contents without having to read through all of the project details.

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Project Progress

This component includes real metrics that track your project’s progress. It offers an overview of the project's status and budget while identifying risks or issues that may have emerged. Helping project management and other stakeholders reflect on the project schedule and make amendments as needed.

Risks and Risk Management

What risks have developed that may affect the quality, timeline, or budget of your project? How will you control these emerging elements? It’s inevitable that all projects will face risks, so it’s how you intend to manage those risks that’s important to the project team and stakeholders. Include a detailed analysis of the risk, your proposed solutions, and how these new elements will affect the project as a whole. 

Are your financials where they need to be for the current status of your project? Will more capital be required to reach your goals effectively? Provide a detailed overview of the allocation of your budget including materials, labor, and operating costs. 

Reflect on your project goals. Is the project behind, ahead, or on schedule? How will any changes to your timelines affect your budget or resources? Include an overview of tasks that have already been completed and a comprehensive schedule of remaining tasks.

Resources may include materials, machinery, or even funding required to complete your project. Provide a detailed summary of your current resource allocation. What are detrimental resources for your project running low? Are there any excess amounts?  

Team Performance

Is your team completing tasks efficiently? Are there any skill or knowledge gaps that need to be addressed? Compare your team’s performance to your initial goals to identify the group’s progress.

Common Project Report Types

A project report is a simple and detailed description of the essence of the project and its aims and aspirations. The business management team and stakeholders are kept updated on every development regarding the project; based on that, they prepare their strategy. This vital information keeps the communication line open between the management team and the stakeholders, providing them with a complete picture of every action concerning the project. 

A project report includes the necessary recommendations for all types of businesses, established and start-ups. Moreover, organizations use project reports to procure financial help from institutions. Project reports can be of various types that help everyone complete a project successfully. Based on the report, your team can take up any activity that benefits the project. 

Status Reports

It talks about the progress going on with a project. It also states various significant activities associated with the project. This status report organizes the communication medium between the team and the stakeholders. It summarizes the finished tasks on the project at hand. It includes the budgetary details and the timeline of the project. It also helps identify the risks related to the project and measures to tackle them beforehand. The status report also keeps track of the events or actions or any activity taken in the past. Status reports are carried out weekly, daily, monthly, or quarterly. They help collect and distribute information about crucial activities in a project in a smooth manner. 

Progress Report

While executing a project, a progress report is inevitably carried out to update everything about the project. It usually includes things like if the project baseline is fulfilled. It indicates the initial plan you prepared along with your stakeholders about a project regarding the expectations, schedules, cost, deliverables , and scope of it. A progress report informs your stakeholders how much progress has been made in the above directions. 

You should prepare this status report in a specific manner by stating the project title, contact information, a summary of the status, and providing all the information about the budget, timeline, and expected completion date of the project. You can take the help of several such free templates available online to make the status report. 

Risk Reports

This type of report explains the risks associated with the project in a documented form. It covers details about risks that are managed already and the emerging ones. It includes the overall risk profile of the project. Risk reports identify and state potential risks that could alter the duration of the project and tips to manage them. 

Board Executive Reports

An executive report is a summary of the business plan of an organization for lending partners. It enables the team members to collect and combine the results of numerous research studies to help them decide on the project. It is the starting point of arranging a dialogue with the investors. It should be written in such a way that it creates the best impression in the minds of the lenders. It should be short and precise and comprehensively analyze the project. 

Cost Benefit Analysis Report

This kind of report helps organizations know if a particular project is possible or not. It will show you how much the project will benefit your organization against the investment. It will help you decide if a project is worth taking on for your organization and how much business profit it will get you at the end of the day. Alternatively, it will also help your organization better utilize its resources while progressing with the project. You can monitor your project expenses and spending to manage your funds better. 

Resource Reports

This report highlights the distribution of resources according to the project tasks. The team members and the investors get the necessary information by reading this report on how well the resources are distributed in the project. It will give detailed narration about which team is assigned to which task according to the date wise. This type of report is beneficial for an organization to know if there is over allocation of resources as this could harm the project. Overall allocation happens when there are insufficient resources to complete all the crucial activities of the project. 

Variance Reports

This report helps you compare your overall project plan with the project's end result. It uses metrics to inform you if your project is running according to the timeline, ahead of time, or running late. Moreover, it will streamline the data based on the comparisons you have made on the project. With the availability of various project management tools , preparing this kind of report has become easier now. It cuts down your hard work by creating the project activity report and conveying it to the stakeholders. 

Gap Analysis Report

This report will examine the project's current status in the context of schedule, cost, and labor and, subsequently, compare the targeted status. It discovers and examines the gap between these two aspects and prepares a strategy or action plan on how to do the needful to reach the targeted objectives. Every business, whether a budding one or an established one, will need this kind of gap analysis report to perform better in terms of projects. This report will tell you how to take the successful step to graduate to the next level of your business. This will tell you whether you are fulfilling your business objectives and using your resources carefully. 

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Project Report Use Cases

There are several common use cases for project reports in project management. These include:

Project Status Report 

A project status report is used regularly throughout a project to communicate the project’s progress in conjunction with the original project plan. The status report of a project provides all stakeholders with updates on the project’s development and performance. Your status report may cover issues or risks that have emerged and include your amended project plan.

Project Tracking Report

A project tracking report offers real numbers, metrics, and other key indicators that measure the project’s overarching progress. This comprehensive report covers all aspects of the project, including project status, tasks, project team performance, and how much of the project has been completed.

Project Performance Report

Performance reports provide an overview of the project’s progress, a breakdown of resource allocation, and costs to date. Your performance report will help monitor the project’s current direction and forecast how well it will perform.  

Project Health Report

A health report offers an analysis of any problem areas or risks within your project. Completing a project health report can help identify any potential issues before they occur, saving you time, money, and resources.

Project Summary Report

A project summary report provides a quick snapshot of the project’s status. Along with tasks completed and a summary of financials, the brief report should include any key highlights or milestones and a glance at upcoming scheduled tasks. 

Project Time Tracking Report

Project time tracking reports help the team and all stakeholders better understand the time allocation for each task. It’s a useful tool for project managers to gauge their teams' efficiency and identify what areas need improvement. 

Project Report Examples

Not sure where to start with your next project report? Consulting the right project report example can help you gain the direction you need.

Click here for a status report example.

Opening and Viewing Reports With Microsoft 

Using Project, one can easily create new reports or customize them for various types of project data without relying on any other application or software. MS Project offers dozens that you can use right away. You can also customize any report’s content and look or build a new one from scratch.

• Click the Report tab and then click the View Reports group. 
• Select the type of report you need.

For instance, if you have to open the Project Overview report, navigate Report > Dashboards > Project Overview.

Reports Dashboard Option

Change Data in Your Report 

Reports are customizable. So, you choose the data that MS Project will show in any part of a report. Follow the steps below to change the data in your report:

• Click the chart or table you would like to alter. 
• Use the Field list pane present on the right side to select fields to filter and show data. 
• Also, clicking a chart displays three pop-up buttons on the right-hand side of the chart. You can opt for the Chart Elements or Chart Filters button to select elements and filter chart data.

For instance, take the previous Project Overview report as an example. You can change the % Complete chart and display critical subtasks rather than top-level summary tasks using the below-mentioned steps:

• Click anywhere in the % Complete chart.
• Now, in the Field List pane, navigate to the Filter box. 
• Select the Critical option.
• Next, pick level 2 in the Outline Level box. Let’s suppose that this is the first level of the outline with subtasks rather than summary tasks.
• The chart will reflect the change as you make your selections.

Changes in the % Complete Chart

Change the Report Format 

Using Project, you can go from monotonous black-white to vivid effects and colors. With the Split view, you will be able to view the real-time report changes while you make the changes. To change the report format, take the following steps:

• Click the report (you can click anywhere).
• Now click Report Tools and click the Design tab. It will display options for changing the look of the entire report. 
• Using this tab, you can alter the color, font, or theme of the entire report. You can also include images, charts, shapes, or tables here.

Report Tools Options

• Clicking on individual elements such as tables, charts, and others of a report will display new tabs at the top of the screen for formatting that part. 

Table Styles

• Use the Drawing Tools Format tab to change shapes. 
• The Picture Tools Format tab will help you add picture effects.  
• You can configure and tweak tables using the Table Tools Design and Table Tools Layout tabs. 
• The Chart Tools Format and Chart Tools Design tabs help tweak charts. Also, clicking on a chart displays three buttons on the right side of the chart. You can use the Chart Styles button to modify the chart color or style. 

Suppose you plan to change the % Complete chart in the Project Overview report. Click anywhere in the chart and tap on the Chart Tools Design.

% Complete Chart

• From the Chart Styles, pick a new style for your chart. The option selected in the following image adds shadows to the columns and removes the lines.

Chart Styles in Chart Tools Design

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• Next, you can click Chart Tools Design > Change Chart Type to add some depth.

• You can change the columns by clicking Column > 3-D Stacked Column.

• To add a background color, click Chart Tools Format > Shape Fill. Now pick a new color. You can explore more color options by clicking on more fill colors.

Color Options for Chart

• Alter bar colors by selecting the bars and then click the Chart Tools Format > Shape Fill option. Pick the color you want. 
• You can drag the numbers upwards to get them off the chart. 

The above-stated changes will be reflected as follows.

% Complete Chart on Making the Changes 

Make Your Report 

Take the following steps to create a new report. 

• Click the Report tab and then click New Report.
• Pick from the four options: 
• Blank: Provides a blank canvas that you can use to add charts, text, tables, and images using the Report Tools Design tab.
• Chart: It is suitable for comparing Actual Work, Work by default, and Remaining Work. Using the Field List pane, you can pick different fields for comparison or use the controls to alter the format and color of the chart.
• Table: It displays tabular information. Using the Field List pane, you can select what fields are to be displayed in the table.  
• Comparison: It gives you two charts side-by-side. Initially, they will have the same data. You can click on the chart and choose the information of your choice in the Field List pane. 

Types of New Report Styles

• Name your report and start adding information to it. All charts are fully customizable. You can easily add or delete elements to meet your needs.
• You can make your new report available for future projects by using the Organizer to copy this new report into the global template. 

Share Your Report 

• Click anywhere in the report.
• Navigate Report Tools Design > Copy Report.

Copy Report Option

• Now paste the report into any program of your choice. You might have to resize or align the report when you paste it elsewhere. You can also opt for the printing option for sharing hard copies. 

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1. What is a project report and its significance?

A project report summarizes a project's key aspects, including its goals, timeline, budget, progress, and outcomes. It provides project managers with critical information to monitor and evaluate the project's performance, identify potential risks and challenges, and communicate progress to stakeholders.

2. What is the format of a project report?

A project report format is completely customizable depending on the project requirements and your choices. However, it should focus on the specific objectives of the project, its methodology,  major findings, and progress. 

3. How do you prepare a project report?

Preparing a project report is simple. Click Report > New Report and choose from the four options. Now, give a suitable name to the report and start adding information. 

4. What is a project report with an example?

A project report is a document providing detail on the project’s overall status or specific aspects of its performance. Irrespective of the report type, it contains project data based on economic, financial, technical, managerial or production aspects. For example, a Cost Overview report tells the current cost status of the project. It also reveals planned costs, remaining costs, cumulative costs, actual costs, and percentage of completion to help understand if the project is within budget.

5. How do you write a complete project report?

Writing a complete project report entails a proper start and closure, including

• Labeling the document and writing the project overview 
• Including a section for the project’s scope 
• A well-formulated project performance analysis.
• Highlighting the project’s accomplishments, results, and outcomes.

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About the author.

Simplilearn is one of the world’s leading providers of online training for Digital Marketing, Cloud Computing, Project Management, Data Science, IT, Software Development, and many other emerging technologies.

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• PMP, PMI, PMBOK, CAPM, PgMP, PfMP, ACP, PBA, RMP, SP, and OPM3 are registered marks of the Project Management Institute, Inc.