research topics for college students in india

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Research Paper Topics for Students in India

You will probably have to write a ton of research papers in college. So, it is important to learn and understand how to refine your search for a topic. However, more often than not, you may find that not all the topics you are interested in are easy to write about. It may also be the case that the topic you pick does not have enough research material on it for you to use. In a way, this could mean that your topic is somewhat untapped, as it were. At the same time, however, it makes your life a little bit harder. So before I begin with giving you a few research topic ideas, let’s look at some overarching tips that could help you during the whole process.

Overarching Guidelines

Think broad then narrow.

The first step is always the hardest. You may either feel overwhelmed or absolutely dejected in terms of options. One thing that helps is to start thinking broadly about what interests you. For example, when I was in my fourth year of college I had to write a thesis. I was interested in irrationality, and I arrived at this broad concept through mere observation of daily life around me. From there, I slowly broke down my topic and found the key issues that needed to be addressed. Not until I had finished my thesis, at the end of the year, did I actually give my project a concrete title.

Begin with what you like thinking about by asking yourself what intrigues you. Of course, write these ideas down. Maybe you’re interested in food and psychology, or business and philosophy, it could literally be anything. Don’t, at first, denounce any thoughts. You’d be surprised at how many interesting research papers result from mere musings.

So, once you’ve gotten a good number of thoughts down on paper, begin to analyze each one. You want to look for a problem, or an inconsistency, within these topics that you would like to talk about. Look to see if your topic is controversial, and if it is, think about what position your paper will take.

Check for Resources

Now that you’ve narrowed it down to maybe one or two topics, and you’ve broken those topics down as well, start reading some literature. Look for what has already been said about what you’re interested in. In other words, do some quick research to see whether your topic has been written about substantially, and not on blogs or websites. You should look for journal articles, books, and other published papers. One of the ways that I found a lot of my sources was through The Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy. I started with reading the actual webpage to get a general idea of the discussion and then checked where Stanford got its information from. Those are the references I followed up with and ended up using a ton in my thesis.

Please do find reputable sources, preferably primary sources. So, you can start with a basic google search. But once you figure out who in the field is reputable and worth reading, start digging deeper.

You should also make sure to also read some literature on what is said against your tentative position. You need to know what you’re up against, and this will only make your paper stronger. It may also help bring out issues that you might have previously over looked.

Find and Use Library References

Once you have chosen your topic, looked at references from the internet, go digging into your school’s library database. As a student, you should be able to get any book, periodical, paper, article, or journal that you need for your paper. This is also a great time to make use of the people around you. Talk to your professors, ask the librarian for help, bounce ideas off of your friends, and so forth.

Cite as You Go

I think that this step is super important. By the end of the process, you should have a fair amount of sources. Scanning through your paper from start to end, especially if it’s a long one, and attempting to remember what source you used where is just a headache. Needless to say, you will end up wasting more time this way.

The best way to cite a source is to cite it the second you use it. Do it right then, even if it isn’t in the accurate format needed. You can always come back to fix the citation format. But you must at least put in a preliminary citation at the time of use. If you’re using a direct quote, put in the page number immediately.

Just Start Writing

I fail to take my own advice on this quite often. If you’re anything like me, you probably obsess about your first paragraph, thinking that it has to be perfect right away. Or at least close to perfect, well written perhaps. Usually, this ends up in frustration and lost time. Just start writing. Good writing is in editing, no first draft is ever going to be as good as you want it to be. Or at least mine wasn’t.

You should ideally write the final version of your introduction last. Your introduction sets the pace for your whole paper or thesis. There is no way you could possibly know the exact flow your paper will take at the very start. I always write a temporary introduction just to help clear my thoughts and set a tentative outline. More often than not, I go back after I’ve written my conclusion and either tweak or completely change my introduction.

Edit, Edit, Edit…

Leave plenty of time for editing. I’ll say it again, good writing is in editing. I find editing to be the most fun part actually. But it is important that you spend time reviewing your paper, checking for grammatical errors, citations, and of course, the overall flow. Is your argument clear? Are you rambling in some parts? Could you make your conclusion stronger? If so, how? Have you backed up all your claims? Have you made sure to address opposing points of view? How well have you refuted other arguments?

You must edit. For shorter papers, I always left a full day for editing. So I would finish a paper, sleep on it, and edit the next day with a fresh mind. Truly, my papers improved significantly once I started making a habit out of this.

Research Paper Topics

Please bear in mind that I have put this list together from multiple different sources online, and so I have kept them broad. It is only intended to get you thinking. You should still spend time on figuring out what you’re interested in.

Cybersecurity

E-business/ e-commerce, glass ceiling, online retail, outsourcing, white collar crime, ethics/ morality, doping in sports, drug testing, drunk driving, law and justice, police brutality, prisons and prisoners, roe vs. wade, serial killers, sexual harassment, acquaintance rape, animal rights, assisted suicide, campus violence, civil rights, the drinking age, legal, drug legalization, gun control, hate crimes, insanity defense, more specific:.

Again, I have taken these from a number of different websites . Please do conduct further research. Here is a link to another site that I used.

Digital Marketing Techniques used by Businesses Are Effective Enough to Increase Their Popularity of Smartphone Segment

Abandonment of e-shopping cart in e-commerce, the influence and prospect of online shopping in china, international market entry – case of starbucks, effect of non-financial rewards on employee’s motivation: an empirical study of china mobile communications corporation, social media influences the travelling decision of chinese international students in the uk., how to implement efficiency e-crm., sensory marketing role in consumer buying behaviour., how do brands exploit impulsive buying, the role of information technology in revolutionizing marketer’s approach towards the manipulative advertisement., impact of e-marketing on influencing consumer purchase decision: a case of uk luxury industry., the evolution and implementation of investment banking in emerging markets., how does european financial supervision affect cross-border financial investment, what is the impact of foreign direct investment on emerging economies, assessing the factors that promote foreign direct investment in asian economies – the case of india., the challenges of financial institutions in emerging economies., a study into the impact of multinational trade agreements on the growth of emerging economies: the case of russia., the role of leadership and culture in organisational change., how online digital platforms have helped organizations in recruiting effectively and efficiently., analyzing the factors which directly impact employee’s personal decision to leave employment., investigating the efficacy of performance appraisal from the perception of employees in the uk retail industry., to investigate the role of motivation in hrm – a study highlighting the most important motivation factors for future business leaders., the effect of performance management for large and diversified business organizations., the role of organizational support programs to enhance work outcome and employees’ behaviour., analyzing the impact of enterprise resource planning (erp) in improvising business operations of multinational companies., the impact of latest technological developments on inventory management systems; a case of uk’s manufacturing industry., the role of ict in supply chain management., impact of information technology on supply chain management., promoting creativity in organization: a case study of asian kindergarten, non-experimental research methods in psychology, importance of following ethics in psychological research, substance abuse, evolutionary aspects of mate preferences, advantages of social education in groups, factors that impact animal behaviour/growth, eyewitness testimony & memory: the correlation between them, attention-deficit syndrome: myth to justify persons or reality, is artificial intelligence going to dominate the planet, how do stereotypes appear in society, steps necessary to end cyber crimes, methods criminals target cyber zones, medical services to save babies born before 27 weeks, different types of stem cells and their usage, sleep disorders’ impact on the overall health condition, proof that screening for breast cancer is helpful, a correlation between breastfeeding & improved baby’s health, stem cells to assist in reducing death rates in heart attack cases, several reasons why eating disorders can lead to the patient’s death, compare & contrast the effectiveness of various managerial techniques, elucidate the pros of the small businesses, does franchising make it easier to run a business, what are the impacts of global warming on a specific type of business, pros & cons of outsourcing services, old & rigid corporate traditions that save some popular companies, the effectiveness of online grammar checkers & plagiarism detectors, self-defending networks: their importance, the most useful way to connect to the internet and use your email, exploring how gps system functions, controlling airport security via computer technologies, the primary dangerous computer viruses, the basics of search engine optimization (seo), international criminal law court tools: evaluate their effectiveness, comparative criminal procedure: report & analysis with details, the mission of wipo: world intellectual property organization, the us copyright office: does it really help the local writers to defend their business, what a european patent office does, why is it important to learn gatt documents, women’s authority in different parts of the planet, inter-american human rights library: exciting outtakes & full report, mass communications law, ecolex: a gateway to environmental law, dadt repeal and its significance, the united states border control: the collected insights & analysis, advantages & disadvantages of breastfeeding, child adoption by a gay family, the average wage in the us, why is it immoral for an old lady to date a young boy, no child left behind act: assessment of its effectiveness, does grade inflation take place in the united states, living on campus help to develop independence, reading & literacy in the early days, curriculum, teaching, and assessment nowadays, history of schooling statement, should the federal government be allowed to regulate information on the internet.

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Ultimate List of 265 Research Topics for College Students

How often do you freeze up after receiving an assignment to write a research paper? We know how tough it can be, particularly in a flood of possible research topics for students. Choosing that one idea from plenty of research proposal topics for college students is the foremost step in any academic project.

Lack of inspiration? We made an ultimate list of research topics for college students. You will find art, biology, social science, education, and even more fun research topics for college students. Don’t scour the tons of outdated or dull topics anymore. A much better alternative would be to look at essay examples instead. 

What’s more, we prepared three main steps to start converting the chosen topic into a successful research paper. Besides, we will dispel any uncertainty in research importance. 

Is Research Important?

Art Research Topics
Biology Research Topics
Educational Topics
Environmental Topics

Gender Research Topics

Law Research Topics

Literature Research Topics

Music Research Topics
Psychology Topics
Religion Research Topics
Science Research Topics
Social Science Topics

Sports Research Paper Topics

How to start a research paper, top 10 research topics for college students:.

Human impact on biodiversity loss
Internet’s effect on freedom of speech
Is isolation a cause of child abuse?
Negative effect of pop culture trends on youth
Pros and cons of free education
Is AI a threat to humans?
The impact of modern technology on ecology
Can nuclear power be safe?
Economic impact of GMO food
Negative effect of climate change on economy

Before getting into the importance of research, let’s understand what kind of work it is.

Research is an analysis aimed at discovering of new facts or revising existing theories. It consists of several steps. The most common are:

Research methodology setting
Research problem statement
Data extraction and gathering
Assessment of the gathered data
Conclusions summarizing

What Are the Purposes of Research?

The intentions are countless, but here are the general ones:

✨ to accept or reject a hypothesis; ✨ to gather information on a phenomenon or subject; ✨ to initiate further research or to “dig deeper.”

Why Is It important?

Research makes our life easier. The underlying cause of new discoveries is to understand how things work. If we acquire that data, we’ll know how to get practical value out of it.

Think of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. As we meet our deficiency needs, its level grows. At the same time, the demand for new knowledge increases. That is why discovering new is a never-ending process.

That is all clear. But you may ask: why do I need research skills in my day-to-day life?

After graduation, you will most likely still need research skills at work. No matter what the industry is. Either you decided to excel in science or form a hi-tech startup. If you want to achieve success, you should have strong research skills.

All in all, having research skills is one of the core elements of personal and social growth. It helps to generate additional findings or set new questions around existing knowledge.

Now let’s move on to the list of research topics.

Art Research Paper Topics

We’ll start from the study area, which is difficult to measure. We talk about art. For some, it may seem easier to study than exact sciences. But still, the number of questions about various genres, forms, and art styles is beyond imagination.

Why should we not overestimate the importance of studying art ?

Art is not just something for connoisseurs. It has always been and still is vital for the whole of society. What affected humanity’s development? Of course, the way people express their everyday life or feelings through art.

Besides, thanks to art, we can see things from different perspectives. It makes us open-minded and helps to develop critical thinking. And, most apparently, art fills our lives with beauty and elegance.

Art is so diverse that students may struggle to choose from a myriad of research areas. Here are some of the hottest art research paper topics for you:

The influence of the internet and social networks on art.
Researching of Greek mythological painting.
The comparison of modern art in the United States and Europe.
The representation of art in Lars von Trier’s films.
The influence of African-American cultural heritage on modern American art.
What are the features of contemporary art ?
Frida Khalo and her sources of inspiration.
The role of Kazimir Malevich in abstract art development.
Art in the early renaissance and today’s European society .
Art therapy techniques: what are they and are they effective?
The difference of women’s representation in ancient and modern art .
Comparative analysis of modern and classic cubism .
The history and main features of abstract expressionism .
The relationship between art and globalization .
The influence of art on the fashion industry in Japan.

Biology Research Topics for College Students

Let’s move on to biology. This science deals with vital processes of living organisms. We’ve gathered a list of topics from different biology fields. You’ll find essay ideas from the fields of botany and zoology to genetics.

Research in biology has one distinctive feature. It is the use of research lab equipment. If you don’t use it and base your research on other sources — make sure they are credible.

What are the attributes of a research paper in biology?

Molecular biology, cellular, and other categories of biology imply accurate measurements. There is no place for mistakes here. Otherwise, the relevance of research results would be insignificant. A researcher should be scrupulous in calculations and statements.

So, feel free to pick up any topics from the list below. Study them thoroughly!

The impact of global warming on marine life.
Extensive research of photosynthesis aspects and functions.
Thyroid hormones and their impact on the female body.

DNA structure, modifications, and genetic disorders .
Is it ethical to test cosmetics on animals ?
The ability of living organisms to adapt to changing environments.
The need for the protection of rare and endangered species .
The role of sustainability in biology.
Advantages and disadvantages of organic farming .
The role of neurobiology in artificial intelligence development.
The discovery and impact of Darwin’s theory .
The discovery, history, and importance of vaccination .
The role of microbes and microbiology in health .
Neurobiology and its association with emotional trauma .
Biology: mechanical signals regulating development .
Cultural variations in environment and biology: AIDS .
A review of the ecology and biology of the whale shark.
Performance and quality assessment of methods for detection of point mutations.
Optical imaging techniques in cell biology .
Computational methods in molecular biology .

Educational Research Topics for Students

What can be trickier than studying how to study? Education research papers evolve at a rapid pace as the world changes every day. That is why new techniques and approaches are in demand.

No other discipline will answer the milestone questions as well as education. And the most important is about human nature.

What can make a precious contribution to society? The definite answer is — driving innovations in studying .

Want to remain in history as an author of a revolutionary breakthrough? Explore educational research paper topics for college students:

Language distribution issues in bilingual schooling .
Critical thinking as the primary goal of the educational process.
Role-playing games as a learning tool .
Pay-for-performance scheme for teachers .
Moving from compliance to performance-based schools .
Bilingual learning: advantages and disadvantages.
Educational approaches in retrospective.
Aspects of multicultural educational practices.
The importance of inclusivity in teaching .
Popular modern educational techniques: a comparison.
Arithmetical problem-solving difficulties .
Learning methods for blind children.
The role of technology in lesson planning .
Role-playing as an educational practice.
The need for parents’ involvement in the educational process.
Tools to develop the best teaching strategy .
The efficiency of gamification .
Individual approach to students.
Popular educational mobile apps.
Peculiarities of teaching disabled children .
Same-gender and mixed-gender schools: a comparative analysis.
Understanding the causes of school violence and bullying.
The importance of sex education at schools.
The educational system in America : problems and prospects.
Cloud computing in educational institutions: an impact on the educational environment.
Ethical behavior in higher educational institutions.
Cooperation of educational institutions and businesses: successful cases.
Information technology as a means of educational process improvement.
Homeschooling and its influence on communication skills.
Comparative analysis of distance learning and face-to-face education efficiency.
Individualized versus group learning.
The necessity of higher education for all students.
Best practices of top higher education establishments.
Peculiarities of teacher’s education in America.
Preschool education versus tertiary education .
Teacher as a researcher. Cross-age peer tutoring .
Multicultural and monocultural education programs: a comparison.
Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of tablets and printed textbooks .
Should education be free?
Education unification: reasons to apply in high schools.

Environmental Research Topics

Our day-to-day comfort is an inherent cause of environmental problems. We may drive a car and have no idea how we harm nature.

Eco activism is a growing trend. Ecology issues acquired a more frequent and lucid coverage. Regardless, people tend to overlook the environment. They got the idea that we should protect our planet, but not all of them are ready to act.

That is why we need to be aware of more facts and measures. This can’t be obtained without decent environmental science research papers.

Do you want to be a part of it? Use our list of environmental research topics for college students:

Risks of climate change and global warming .
Aspects and perspectives of Kyoto protocol .
Green hydrogen in automotive industry : is it a great alternative?
The origin of the carbon tax .
Amazonian deforestation , its causes, and trends.
The greenhouse effect : process, components, and risks.
Types of pollution : air, water, and soil.
Alternative energy in Europe.
Water scarcity in the Middle East .

Wind energy as an alternative source .
Benefits of sustainable technology and living .
Vulnerability of hazardville to flooding disasters .
Environment protection authority and chemical waste .
Population control in China.
Geoengineering principles.
Acid rains : the cause and current measures.
Radioactive waste disposal.
The protection of wildlife .
E-mobility as an environmental protection measure.
Ecological conservation.

Gender roles and aspects are one of the central social questions nowadays. Studies in this field are as relevant and necessary as never before. It pushes our society forward, eliminating gender inequality and discrimination.

Do you want to contribute to gender knowledge but don’t know where to start? Here is the list of most relevant gender studies essay topics:

Public policy analysis on gender inequality in education in South Sudan.
The history of gender concept.
Gender imbalance in the developing countries.
Sex reassignment in treating gender dysphoria : a way to psychological well-being.
Employee issues: gender discrimination, sexual harassment , discrimination.
Gender roles in couples and sex stereotypes in society.
The diversity of gender and sexual orientation identities of transgender individuals.
MeToo movement as sexual harassment fight measure.
Feminism : the contraception movement in Canada.
Maternity and paternity leaves .
The correlation between gender and cognitive abilities .
Transgender people and healthcare barriers .
Race and gender in public relations .
Gender stereotyping in American media .
The health and well-being of LGBTQA+ young people in Australia.
Cancel culture in America.
Transgender healthcare issues.
Transgender person in professional sports.
Female genital mutilation.
Gender roles in media.

Law Research Paper Topics

We cannot imagine a civilized society without law. Even though the fundamental rights and obligations in different countries are mostly similar, there is still a great scope of differences to research.

We gathered the list of law research paper topics to explore:

Human rights violations in CIS countries.
A self-enforcing model of corporate law .
Corporate strategies and environmental regulations : organizing framework.
The benefits of decriminalization .
International criminal law and measures .
Discrimination in the workplace in legal practice.
Welfare legislation for families .
Intellectual property law: copyright law, trademark law, patent law.
Enforcement of civil rights law in private workplaces.
The establishment of foreign and international law in American courts. A procedural overview.
Family law : spousal support after a divorce in Canada.
Employment law and workplace relations in Saudi Arabia.
Applicable real estate laws and policies for sustainable development in South Africa.
Retrospective of the immigration crisis in Europe.
The need for a domestic violence law in Russian Federation.
Religious crimes and religious laws.
Terrorism in different countries’ law systems.
Grievance procedure in the European court of human rights.
Cybercrimes in legal practice.
Human trafficking and slavery in the modern world.

When it comes to literature, there is a vast ocean of ideas to research. The topics can be classified into a large number of categories. Those can be literature genres, awards, trends in literature, different social aspects of literature, etc.

To make finding the best fit easier, we conducted a list of the world literature research topics:

Golden Age writers and their impact on literature.
Feminist literature authors.
Y. Zamyatin’s “We” as the origin of dystopian literature.
Trends of modern literature .
Ancient Greece literature.
Is best seller always good literature?
Tricksters in literature.
Post-modernism in literature .
Sexual violence in the “Handmaid’s Tale” by Atwood .
Children literature.
The works of J. D. Salinger .
Social perception of modern literature .
Philosophy, literature, and religion in society: a comparative analysis of the impact on human life.
The portrayal of racism in the literature of the 21st century.
Censorship in literature.
Professional literature trends.
Central themes in American literature .
The impact of digitalization on literature.
The role of the main character in literature.
Literature: print versus digitalized?

Music Research Paper Topics

Research is something we can do not only in astronomy or molecular biology. We need it in the music too. Music shapes our life in a way we can’t even imagine. It’s a tremendous social and cultural phenomenon to explore.

These are 20 potential topics for your research in the music industry :

The effect of music on a human brain .
The evolution of rap music .
TikTok as the most efficient promotional channel for new music.
The origin of music theory.
The music industry and information technology .
The influence of Kanye West performances on the music industry.
Music journalism : the most influential music media.
Feminism and sex in hip-hop music .
Opera and instrumental music .
The origin of music festivals .
Reggae music and its aspects .
Latin American women and trap music .
Streaming services prospects.
Music as the way of promoting new trends.
Features of punk music.

Psychology Research Paper Topics

Psychology is a multidisciplinary kind of field. That means there’s a wide range of potential research questions.

Do you need to write a psychology paper? Explore the list of possible topics:

Cross-cultural psychology: research and application.
The psychology of self-esteem .
Aspects of industrial and organizational psychology .
The psychology of learning and motivation : skill and strategy in memory use.
Description of remarkable experiments and their results in psychology.
The influence of meditation on people’s health .
Analyzing psychological disorders: disorders treatment and research .
Personality psychology and zen Buddhism .
Perception of psychology in society .
Organizational behavior. Emotion and personality .
Children’s emotional development .
Predictors of postpartum depression.

Symptoms, causes, and treatment of schizophrenia.
The social, political, and religious reasons of homophobia .
Eating disorders in males: current progress and challenges.
The side effects of antidepressants .
Cognitive psychology : best cognitive scientists’ practices.
Social anxiety as a constraint in learning.
Alzheimer’s disease : working strategies for disease modification.
The relation between the aging process and psychology.

Religion Research Paper Topics

Religious institutions, beliefs, and customs also get explored in papers quite often. That is rather a controversial sphere of education, so we gathered the most relevant religion paper topics below to help you.

The religious significance of the Bible .
The place of women in Islam .
The history of Christianity in Indonesia .
Assessing a crisis of faith and making a pastoral crisis intervention.
Forced religion: cause and effect on children.
The problem of creation mythology in the study of Indian religion.
Existence of God : a philosophical introduction.
Religion and mythology: concepts, differences.
The role of religion in attitudes toward LGBT individuals.
Issues and traditions in western religion .
Theology in the concepts of nature, time, and the future.
Religion and government interaction in the US.
The history of the Christian church in East Europe.
Religion freedom and its limitation .
Hinduism and Buddhism: similarities and differences .
Baptism in Christianity .
The impact of religion on terrorism .
The God of Israel and Christian theology .
Culture and religion: how they interact.
Religion and social morality.

Science Research Topics for College Students

What is a better way to uncover the mysteries of our universe than through science? As it comprises multiple types and directions, there is a vast number of questions to answer.

We suggest you the following science research paper topics:

Paris climate agreement perspectives.
Ethical aspects of cloning .
Political science in the US: past and present issues.
Genetic engineering and cloning controversy .
The development of life on Earth .
The current state of nuclear energetics in America.
Nuclear weapon -free zones: a history and assessment.
Solid earth dynamics and the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet.
Natural hazards : local, national, global.
Geophysical fluid dynamics: atmospheric dynamics, dynamo theory, and climate dynamics.
Data science as a key element of data-driven decision-making.
Robotics & mobility systems in agriculture: successful cases.
Legal models of space resources exploration and utilization.
The social context of recycling : factors influencing household recycling behavior.
Trends in consumer attitudes about agricultural biotechnology .
Theory of turbulence: a mathematical model that illustrates it.
Dual-mode infrared and radar hardware-in-the-loop test equipment.
Essentials of computational chemistry: theories and models.
Genetic algorithms in astronomy and astrophysics.
A fundamental relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies.

Social Science Research Topics

Sociology is an umbrella term that covers dozens of branches. It studies family, social movements, mass media, class theory, race, ethnicity, levels of income. We could go on and on.

As you can see, the options for research are endless. Don’t waste your time trying to understand the peculiarities of each social or cultural branch. Use our list of social science research paper topics for college students.

Social movements of 21 st century.
Strauss–howe generational theory in marketing.
Social media as a “hotbed” of narcissism .
The nutritional status of vegans and vegetarians .
Gender identity and community among three transgender groups in the United States: MTFs, FTMs, and genderqueers.
Social causes of anorexia in young women.
The civil rights in South America.
#BlackLivesMatter movement and its influence on society.
Gay marriage in America : current debates.
Dependency of the children mortality level on the anti-vaccination movement development.
Judaism in the first centuries of the Christian era.
School choice and segregation by race, class, and achievement.
The correlation between race and wealth.
Freedom and social status of blacks in America .
The problem of abortion .
Causes and effects of drug addiction .
Horizontal and vertical gender segregation in employment .
Effects of domestic violence on children.
The poverty level in the US: a retrospective analysis.
Women leadership and community development.

We are approaching the end of our ultimate research paper topics list. To wrap it up, let’s take a look at sports research ideas.

It has been present in our lives for a long time and is still developing. That’s why we need to answer new questions and build new knowledge. Explore the list below:

How does globalization affect sports?
History of doping scandals in the Olympics .
Team sports as a socialization tool for children.
The origin and history of ice hockey.
Organizational aspects of Paralympic games.
Aspects of independent Olympians at the Olympic games .
The unique history of Pelé.
Risk factors for injuries in football.
Short interval versus long interval training.
Sport as a communication medium .
Nutritional support of young athletes .
Mental training during competition preparation.
Philosophical conflicts between the practices of sport and cybersport.
Running as a treatment for heart diseases .
Typical traumas of soccer players.

After getting familiar with the list of topics, let’s discuss the essential steps before beginning research.

Narrow Your Topic

Let’s say you selected that one topic from the list. What’s next? It’s time to outline the boundaries of the research. It should not be too broad or narrow . Its scope must strictly correspond to the problem’s scope under exploration.

What is the difference between a narrow and a broad topic?

Let’s look at three research topic examples:

Eating Disorders. The topic is too general and comprehensive. If your research paper requires to be short, then there is no sense in choosing this topic. You better narrow it down.
Eating Disorders in Young Females. In this topic, we try to segment the subjected populations to specify the research question. It is still rather broad but more focused.
Anorexia in Young Females and Its Impact on Society. Here, we distinguish a particular type of eating disorder and leave a population segmentation. That is a perfect example of a narrowed topic. Now, it’s easier to ask specific questions, uncover insights and contribute to further research.

Focus on your narrowed topic and form a central research question. After that, research the existing data and find supporting facts. Don’t let your exploration be one-sided: explore different points of view. Compare and analyze counterpoints and draw conclusions.

After a profound studying, create a thesis statement to support your narrowed topic in a specific way.

To make things clear, use this step-by-step guide on finding and narrowing your topic.

Evaluate Sources

It takes a second to get access to billions of search results on any topic in Google. Most of the time, we jump through the first two or three links, and that’s it. If you seek quality, then it’s not the proper approach. You should acquire the skill of processing the sources.

What are the tips for source evaluation?

Forget about Wikipedia as a scientific source. Wikipedia is a free platform where any user can make edits. Extracting information from wiki without fact-checking isn’t a good academic practice. Great alternatives to Wikipedia are College e-libraries, scholarly databases, Google Scholar, etc.
Explore well-respected professional research journals. They contain up-to-date research data and conclusions which shape the most relevant views and understanding of what is going on in the modern world.
Visit libraries. We tend to overlook them in our digital era. But you can find super valuable sources for research there.
Avoid personal blogs, opinion articles, and self-published books . There can be heavy use of bias.

3 Main Tips on Writing a Thesis Statement

After you decide on a research topic and sources, it’s time to write a thesis statement.

Ask a question. Here are two options. In the first one, your professor can assign you a concrete question. If it’s not your case, then ask what interests you. What would you like to explore?
Give an initial answer. Try to answer the question before in-depth topic exploration. Work out some hypotheses.
Enrich the initial answer. Prove the initial hypothesis by detailing the research. Use the calculations and quantitative data to make your thesis credible.

To back up these tips, let’s look at a couple of example thesis statements from the StudyCorgi essay database:

#	Research topic	Thesis Statement	Outline
1		Although the U.S. commissions authorized to address police brutality against African-American men work to prevent such cases, it is possible to speak about the rise of the problem during recent decades in association with racial profiling, the well-known cases of police misconduct, and the development of actions to cope with the situation.
2		This paper is claimed to evaluate the strategies of Liberal and Social Democratic political forces aimed at the alleviation of gender inequalities. Originally, both strategies could not be regarded as successful. However, matters of gender inequalities are engrained in people’s minds, and often, it is rather difficult to undermine sexual prejudice from the minds. Still, there are more efficient methods of overcoming sexual disparity, and these instances will be analyzed in the paper.

You’ve just explored an ultimate list of research paper topic ideas and important steps to turn those topics into excellent research papers.

Did you find our topics compilation helpful? Save it for a future reference or share with friends!

What Is Research? — Hampshire College
Definition of Research — Western Sydney University
The Importance of Research to Students — Cleveland University Kansas City
Guidelines for Writing Art History Research Papers — UA Little Rock University
Areas of Research in Biology — Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Environmental Science: Current Research — Herald Scholarly Open Access
Thesis Statements — University of North Carolina
Thesis Statement Tips — Purdue University
What Is Education Research — National Center for Education Research
Research in the Faculty of Music — University of Cambridge
Research: Religion and Society Specialism — University of Birmingham
Sociology Research Areas — Cornell University
Narrowing a Topic Idea — UCS Libraries
Developing a Research Question — The University of Arizona
Organizing Academic Research Paper — Sacred Heart University
How to Write a Conclusion for a Research Paper: Indeed
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30+ Most Trending Research Topics for MCA Students

SMS Varanasi Team
January 4, 2024

Are you looking for cutting-edge research topics as a student pursuing MCA in Varanasi? In this article, we’ve curated a list of over 30 trending research topics tailored for you. From emerging technologies to software development practices, this compilation aims to inspire your research endeavours and keep you ahead in the dynamic field of Computer Applications.

This list of MCA research topics aims to provide students with a diverse and dynamic selection of research ideas. By delving deep into these topics, MCA students in Varanasi can gain invaluable insights and expertise in their chosen field of study and develop a profound understanding of contemporary challenges and opportunities in their target careers and industries.

Emerging Technologies:

1. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning applications: Focus on implementing practical AI and ML solutions, exploring applications in various domains like healthcare, finance, and automation to bridge theory and real-world impact.

2. Internet of Things (IoT) and its impact on software development: Concentrate on the seamless integration of IoT devices with software applications, emphasising the development of secure and scalable systems for the interconnected world.

3. Blockchain technology and its applications: Delve into practical aspects beyond cryptocurrencies, exploring blockchain’s potential in supply chain management, smart contracts, and decentralised applications.

4. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) in software development: Explore immersive possibilities of AR and VR, focusing on user-friendly applications that enhance experiences in education, gaming, and simulation.

Software Development Practices:

5. Agile and DevOps methodologies in software development: Prioritise understanding and implementing Agile and DevOps practices, emphasising collaboration, continuous integration, and delivery for efficient software development.

6. Microservices architecture and its advantages: Focus on designing and implementing scalable microservices architectures, understanding the benefits of modularity, independence, and ease of maintenance.

7. Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) practices: Concentrate on automating the software delivery pipeline, ensuring a rapid and reliable release process to enhance overall development efficiency.

Cybersecurity:

measures for mobile apps

8. Latest trends in cybersecurity and data protection: Stay updated on emerging threats, encryption techniques, and security protocols, focusing on developing robust cybersecurity strategies for data protection.

9. Ethical hacking and penetration testing: Engage in hands-on experiences to understand cybersecurity vulnerabilities, emphasising ethical hacking practices and penetration testing methodologies.

10. Cybersecurity measures for mobile applications: Focus on implementing security measures tailored for mobile platforms, including secure coding practices, encryption techniques, and protection against common mobile app vulnerabilities.

Data Science and Big Data:

11. Data analytics and visualisation: Emphasise practical applications, showcasing the ability to derive meaningful insights from data through advanced analytics and visualisation techniques.

12. Big Data processing frameworks (e.g., Apache Hadoop, Spark): Dive into the implementation of Big Data frameworks, demonstrating expertise in handling and processing large datasets efficiently.

13. Data privacy and ethical considerations in data science: Focus on ethical considerations, ensuring responsible handling of data and addressing privacy concerns in data science research.

Mobile App Development:

Trending MCA research topics include cross-platform tools, mobile app UI/UX design, and security considerations

14. Cross-platform mobile development tools: Explore tools that facilitate cross-platform development, ensuring compatibility across different mobile operating systems for efficient app deployment.

15. Trends in mobile app UI/UX design: Concentrate on the latest design trends, emphasising user-centric approaches for creating intuitive and visually appealing mobile applications.

16. Security considerations in mobile app development: Prioritise security protocols and best practices, ensuring robust protection against potential threats in the rapidly evolving mobile app landscape.

Cloud Computing:

17. Cloud infrastructure and services: Gain expertise in designing, implementing, and optimising cloud infrastructure, focusing on scalability, reliability, and cost-effectiveness.

18. Serverless computing and Function as a Service (FaaS): Explore the advantages of serverless computing, emphasising the efficient execution of functions without the need for managing underlying infrastructure.

19. Cloud-native application development: Focus on developing applications designed for the cloud environment, utilising containerization and microservices for agility and scalability.

Software Testing and Quality Assurance:

20. Automated testing tools and frameworks: Master the use of automated testing tools, emphasising efficiency in the testing process to ensure software quality.

21. Best practices in software testing: Concentrate on industry best practices, ensuring comprehensive testing coverage and effective bug identification throughout the software development lifecycle.

22. Quality assurance in Agile development: Integrate quality assurance seamlessly into Agile development methodologies, emphasising continuous improvement and customer satisfaction.

Industry 4.0:

Smart technologies, integration of IT and industrial systems, and cyber-physical systems are popular research topics for students pursuing MCA in Varanasi

23. Smart manufacturing and automation: Explore the integration of smart technologies in manufacturing processes, emphasising efficiency, sustainability, and improved decision-making.

24. Integration of IT and industrial systems: Focus on seamless integration strategies, ensuring interoperability and efficiency in merging IT and industrial systems.

25. Cyber-physical systems: Delve into the development and optimization of systems where physical and computational elements work in harmony, emphasising reliability and real-time responsiveness.

Open Source Technologies:

26. Contribution to open-source projects: Engage in collaborative development, contributing to open-source projects to gain practical experience and contribute to the global software community.

27. Open-source tools for development and testing: Explore and master open-source tools, emphasising their advantages in development and testing processes for enhanced efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

28. Community-driven development: Embrace the principles of community-driven development, focusing on collaboration and shared knowledge to create robust and inclusive software solutions.

Digital Transformation:

29. Strategies for digital transformation in businesses: Analyse and propose strategies for businesses aiming to undergo digital transformation, emphasising innovation, agility, and customer-centric approaches.

22. Role of MCA professionals in driving digital transformation: Investigate the responsibilities and skills required for MCA professionals to play a pivotal role in driving successful digital transformation initiatives within organisations.

23. Case studies on successful digital transformation projects: Explore and analyse real-world case studies, emphasising key success factors, challenges, and lessons learned from exemplary digital transformation projects.

It’s also a good idea to consult with your professors and local experts to vet your chosen.

MCA research topics, attend conferences, and stay updated on industry news to identify the most relevant and current trends.

Stay tuned to learn more!

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Dissertation Topics

Updated on
Apr 24, 2023

The final step in a PhD or Master’s course is the submission of a dissertation . A dissertation is a research paper that summarises the research conducted and includes findings either on a question or a topic chosen by the student. It is important as it demonstrates a student’s knowledge of the subject and ability to use research methods to define a topic. Students are required to select a dissertation topic of their choice. Choosing a topic can be confusing so this blog helps you understand how to narrow down a dissertation topic and provides a list of dissertation topics in various disciplines.

This Blog Includes:

Empirical dissertation, non-empirical dissertation, different types of research methods for dissertation, how to choose a dissertation topic, list of dissertation topics subject-wise, economics dissertation topics, mba dissertation topics, medical dissertation topics, arts and humanities dissertation topics, law dissertation topics, science dissertation topics, social science dissertation topics, psychology dissertation topics, dissertation topics in education, what makes a good dissertation topic, types of dissertation.

There are mainly two types of dissertations- empirical and non-empirical. The choice of the dissertation depends mainly on your field of study.

An empirical dissertation involves collecting data and researching through methods where conclusions of the study are strictly drawn from concretely empirical evidence, and therefore “verifiable” evidence. It focuses on collecting and analyzing original data. Students can conduct research using qualitative and quantitative research methods like case studies, surveys, observation, laboratory experiments, and interviews. Empirical research tests hypotheses in order to arrive at valid research outcomes and assumptions are tested.

A non-empirical dissertation involves the use of theoretical data and working with existing research or other texts, presenting original analysis, and argumentation, but there is no original data. It focuses more on theories, methods, and their implications for educational research. Non-empirical research theorizes the logical assumptions of research variables and assumptions are entirely theorized.

Also Read: Dissertation Topic in Finance

Two types of primary research for the dissertation include qualitative and quantitative research methods:

Quantitative Research Methods gather information through numerical data. It is used to quantify opinions, behaviors, or other defined variables. It can be used to study a large group of people. The information is gathered by performing statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques. Examples of quantitative research methods include surveys, experimental research, correlational research, longitudinal study, cross-sectional, causal-Comparative research, descriptive research, etc
Qualitative research methods gather non-numerical data. It is used to find meanings, opinions, or underlying reasons from its subjects. It is associated with studying human behavior from an informative perspective. It aims at obtaining in-depth details of the problem. Examples of qualitative research methods include case studies, Observational methods, one-on-one interviews, focus groups, text analysis, etc
Mixed method research is where quantitative and qualitative methods of research are combined

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A case for college mental health services

Jaisoorya, T.S.

Department of Psychiatry,, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences, Bengaluru 560 029, Karnataka, India [email protected]

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

College represents a crucial developmental period, fraught with numerous challenges across the academic, social and personal domains. Most students successfully overcome these challenges to achieve their potential. However, in a significant proportion, these stressors interact with genetic and psychosocial adversities, increasing the likelihood of mental health issues 1 .

Mental health issues are prevalent among college students. There are robust and consistent reports from across the world that students in colleges have higher rates of depression, anxiety and substance use 1 2 3 4 . The World Mental Health Survey among college students across 21 countries has reported that a fifth (20.3%) had experienced DSM-IV/CIDI (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV/ The Composite International Diagnostic Interview) psychiatric disorders in the preceding 12 months 1 . Similar findings have also been reported from various States in India 2 3 4 . Late adolescence and early adulthood also have a greater incidence of severe mental illness owing to the neurodevelopmental trajectory. It is estimated that 75 per cent of those with severe mental illness would have experienced significant symptoms by the age of 25 yr 5 . Thus, a sub-group of students are likely to experience the onset of severe mental illness during their time in college. The higher rates of suicide among college students also correlate with mental illness 6 . Worldwide, the annual rates for suicidal ideations, plans and attempts among college students have been estimated to be 16, 3 and 1.2 per cent, respectively 6 . In 2018, as many as 10,000 student suicides have been reported in our country 7 . Of atmost concern, is the consistent finding of increased vulnerability among students from the lower socio-economic strata, minorities or disadvantaged communities 1 8 9 .

Mental health issues in young individuals ‘cluster’ with physical underactivity and unhealthy diet which increase the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD) 10 . Additional lifestyle choices like tobacco and alcohol use, and high-risk sexual behaviour are also part of this cluster 10 . Higher levels of distress have been associated with increased food intake, poor diet quality and consequent obesity. Globally, these risk behaviours concurrently account for almost two-thirds of cardiovascular deaths and a 3.35-fold increase in cancer mortality 11 .

Mental health issues in colleges across the world have been showing a marked increase both in numbers and severity 12 13 , presumably owning to rapid socio-economic transitions, migration, the disintegration of social networks and substance use 8 13 . Educational factors like intensive curriculum, heightened competition, academic difficulties and poor competence of instructors also contribute to distress 14 . Although many of these factors remain understudied in the Indian context, the cross-cultural commonalities of risk factors suggest that this is likely to be applicable here too. Mental health problems have a profound impact on college students. In addition to drop-outs and poor academic achievement, it can also have long-term adverse impacts on employment, social relationships and health 1 8 15 .

Although this period has a confluence of risk factors, it also presents a window of opportunity for prevention, health promotion and early interventions 1 8 . Most colleges in India and many parts of the world, do not currently have the infrastructure to address mental health problems among its students 14 16 17 . Ideally, all higher educational institutions should have an accessible, culturally and developmentally integrated system of mental health support 1 8 . Clinical triaging at the first point of contact needs to ensure that the vast majority of students presenting with transient situational crises are provided the least resource-intensive counselling interventions on campus. Considering the increasing body of evidence supporting its effectiveness, internet-based interventions can be made available to bridge the shortage in mental health resources 18 . Most college students are familiar with newer technologies, and these have additional advantages of easy accessibility with minimal stigma 18 . As social and academic vulnerabilities also contribute to distress, counsellors can facilitate scholarships, additional academic support, and provide links to support groups for further help 9 19 . Access to off-campus (community) mental healthcare including psychiatric inputs should not be delayed in those with severe mental illness, uncontrolled substance use, or high risk of suicide 20 . This sub-group may require emergency psychiatric care, in-patient input and continued psychotropic medications ( Figure ). This stepped care approach will ensure access to appropriate interventions within our resource-limited setting. Considering the profound heterogeneity across Indian institutions, a ‘one size fits all’ strategy is unlikely to work. A broad framework may be prescribed; with individualized protocols for the different target groups, resources and priorities of each institution.

The preventive and promotional public health programmes that can be implemented through higher educational institutions can have a long-term public health impact. If the deliverables are comprehensive, these can deter the emergence of risk factors ( i.e ., increase awareness of healthy lifestyle, keeping stress under control, regular exercise, appropriate diet and adequate sleep), and reduce existing risk factors/increase health-promotional behaviours ( e.g ., quit substance use, practise yoga/relaxation). Further, as the links between risk behaviours, mental health problems and later NCDs are robust, promotional strategies can explicitly and jointly target risk behaviours for chronic diseases and mental health problems. Preventive interventions delivered through colleges, before the entrenchment of risk behaviours, can equip young individuals with optimal decision-making capacity. This would enable them to make the right choices, improve physical and mental well-being and reduce the risk of subsequent chronic disease 1 8 .

Another factor that requires to be addressed is the low rate of help-seeking in institutions with existing mental health services. Only about 15 per cent of students with mental health disorders were noted to have received any form of mental health intervention in the preceding year 21 . Factors proposed to account for this include, personal stigma, lack of awareness, not perceiving a requirement for intervention, lack of time and inaccessible services 21 . Tackling these issues would require a multi-pronged strategy that improves awareness and reduces stigma. All counselling units need to be provided with separate offices to ensure privacy. Students need to be assured of the confidentiality of the information shared, with the understanding that this may be breached when there is a risk to self or others. Course coordinators, teachers and student leaders can be trained as gatekeepers to identify and direct individuals with risk of mental health issues and suicide, to accessible treatment settings 1 8 22 . College festivals, performing arts, posters, etc ., that highlight mental health issues can improve awareness 1 8 22 . In addition to increasing awareness, technology-enabled services can also address key barriers of stigma and avoidance (anxiety) related to accessing services 18 .

Ensuring increased access to higher education has been a priority for the Government of India in the previous few decades 23 . Consequently, the gross enrolment ratio (GER) in higher education for the 18-23 yr age group, has shown a 2.5-fold increase from 10 per cent in 2004-2005 to 27.1 per cent in 2020. This translates to an estimated 38.5 million students currently enrolled in colleges 23 . India’s new educational policy 2020, aims to achieve a GER of 50 per cent by 2035 24 . In this scenario, the UGC proposal of 2018, to constitute a ‘Students Counselling System’ with teachers as counsellors may prove inadequate to address the increased numbers and complex mental health needs of students 25 .

Overall, a structured mental health inputs at the college level provide clear benefits for both students and the larger society. The lack of such a system in our country is clearly a public mental health gap. Colleges, the department of higher education, and statutory bodies like the University Grant Commission, hence need to take a lead role in the development of an integrated system of student mental healthcare in India. Currently, many elite educational institutions in India like the Indian Institutes of Technology, Science, and Management, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, and National Law School have been offering in-house counselling and mentorship programmes 26 27 . Services provided are free and accessible to all students enrolled. Help when provided to others like faculty or dependents are mostly advisory. Face-to-face services are available only during working hours with information being provided on the nearest mental health facility or out-of-hours telephonic support for emergencies. Student support networks, peer-support models and layered counselling service models have been implemented in such colleges 26 27 . However, mental health support systems are sparse in a vast majority of institutions, especially those in semi-urban and rural areas. Although small, a significant step to bridge this gap was recently taken by the Department of Collegiate Education, Government of Kerala. ‘Jeevani’ is a structured comprehensive college mental health project launched in all Government Arts and Science Colleges in Kerala 28 . It is the first State-wide intervention in the country that provides for therapy units manned by qualified mental health counsellors. Currently, there is no published literature on outcomes/audit of college mental health programmes from India. Although much needs to be done, these programmes represent small steps in the right direction.

To conclude, mental health issues are prevalent among college students and if left unaddressed lead to long-term negative personal, social, academic and occupational outcomes. This is a key public health priority for India as the number of students enrolling in our higher educational institutions is increasing. Hence developing structured evidence-based mental health services in all higher educational institutions with provision for continuous evaluation of effectiveness is the way forward.

Financial support & sponsorship : None.

Conflicts of Interest : None.

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80 Indian Culture Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best indian culture topic ideas & essay examples, 📌 interesting topics to write about indian culture, 🥇 simple & easy indian culture essay titles, 💡 good research topics about indian culture.

Indian Custom and Culture Community For example, there were various activities used to illustrate this marking, and these would include invitation and welcoming of the bridegroom, exchange of flower garlands, presentation of the would-be wife, the ceremony of the sacred […]
Cultural Competence: Indian Culture and Healthcare They also believed that, the disease was heredity and that if one member of the family suffered from one of the diseases, chances that somebody from the same family would contract the disease are high.
Servant Leadership in Indian Culture and Hindu Religion The basis of this approach is the reorientation of the values of the leader, who considers the empowerment of followers as a means and goal of his activity.
American Culture and Indian Culture Comparison Children in India are raised mostly in patriarchal joint family systems, and the head of the family is usually the senior most male, in most cases the grand parents of the child.
British Colonialism and Its Impact on Indian Culture Though the Indians resisted Britain’s rule they were unable to overcome the British soldiers’ tactics and weapons hence the British East India Company took the region as its colony for trading and governance purposes. Britain […]
Indian Culture and Its Distinctive Qualities Indian culture is one of the oldest in the world and truly one of the most influential due to the number of Indians that inhabit the Earth.
Indian and Greek Cultures Comparison Although modern India is a mixture of cults and beliefs, the ancient religion of Hinduism is still strong among the people.
Indian vs. American Cultural Heritage and Traditions Usually, the representatives of different races and nationalities enter countries that are not their native, adding diversity to the homogeneous people of that state.
Indian Culture, Food, Temples, and Clothing Key Terms: Traditional dresses, Indian fashion, saree, headgear Claim: Despite the inevitable impact of globalization and westernization, India is a country that could preserve its culture by wearing traditional clothes. It is normal to see […]
The Possibility of Modernizing Indian Culture The Indian culture is based mainly upon the traditions prevailing in the times of Emperor Asoka and the secular rule of Akbar. In the Indian culture, the youth is supposed to show this respect by […]
Gulf’s Indian Ocean Connections and Cultural Exchanges The persistence of Indian Ocean-Gulf trade due to demand of the goods resulted in a mixture of heritage and culture from the sailors, fishers, and traders from the western Indian Ocean system.
Understanding the Significance of Diwali as a Representation of Indian Culture The aim of this thesis is to understand the close relationship between the popular Hindu festival, Diwali and efforts being made by the global Indian diaspora to perpetuate their old country’s traditions and culture in […]
Relations Between Homosexuality and Indian Culture Lesbianism is a relatively silent practice in India as opposed to gay practice and even the organizations for women do not really advocate for or promote it.
Traditional Food Culture in the Indian Religion As demonstrated by this particular author, the traditional food culture is important in the Hindu religion because of the fact that food “speaks” a language that conjoins the gross and the subtle, body and spirit, […]
Understanding the Significance of Diwali as a Representation of the Indian Culture People refer the festival to as the festival of Sweets. In the South East Asia, and Indian populations elsewhere in the world, people celebrate the Diwali somewhat differently.
Mdewakanton Dakota, Sioux Indian Tribe of Red Wing: Cultural Orientations Ethnocentrism is one of the signs characterizing the attitude of people to the Native Americans and in particular to the Mdewakanton tribe.
Communicating Cross-Culturally: Indian and Japanese Workers The purpose of this presentation is to propose ways in which a virtual team consisting of Indian and Japanese employees can be motivated.
Indian Spiritualism in Cross-Cultural Perception In this case, the interviewee can be referred to as a medium as she claims to have the ability to communicate with the dead.
Indian Culture: Dances of Rajasthan Diwali is one of the major festivals in the country. Ghoomar dance is also common in the region.
Hinduism’s Cultural and Religious Opinions As a result, it is not easy to trace the history of Hinduism and the Hindus are not concerned about the specific dates when the religion might have started.
The Blackfoot Indians Culture and Historical Heritage The Reservation of the Blackfoot Indians is the place of residence to over 17 thousand members of the given nation and spans 1,5 million acres.
Culturally-Relevant Interventions for Indian Children The culture of American Indian children have customs and traditions related to the care of children with chronic illness, abuse, substance abuse, and mental illness.
Indian Cultures the “White Man” Tried to Remove The hair in the Indian culture is therefore connected to the character trait of basing a culture on symbols. The fourth Indian culture, the “white man,” also tried to steal from the Indians their attire.
The Cultural Misappropriation of the Cleveland Indians The cultural misappropriation of the Cleveland Indians, an American ball club, has been a practice that has continued for a long time because of the unresolved contention encompassing its logo and Name. The essay discusses […]
Culturally Competent Care in Indian Health Service Such a situation requires the physicians and nurses to fully understand the needs of the patients. The paper argues that the IHS is an embodiment of the application of cultural competence in healthcare.
Ancient Indians Historical and Cultural Way of Life Visiting of the historical and cultural museums is the integral part of the enrichment of your knowledge about the way of life of certain cultural groups.
Myths: Daphne and Ahalya. Greek and Indian Culture Mythology The book describes the Creation of the World and continues to the time of Julius Caesar and is considered as a mythic-historical document.
Iroquois Indians Culture and History Review Much of what we know of ancient culture is brought to us in the form of stories; either the stories of the descendants of the stories of outsiders.
Taensa Indians Culture Analysis So it is due to this fact that most of the Taensas are getting discrimination in most of the activities like in business, sharing of the economic resources and the land rights of these people.
Indian Culture and Its Building Blocks The purpose of this paper is to discuss the building blocks of a culture that is different from that of the author of this writing.
Cultural Diversity: Chippewa Indians There were overt attempts to racially segregate the Indians in a successively smaller area, and the Indians were ultimately left to the mercy of the US government.”The said Chippewa Indians surrender to the United States […]
American Indians and Cultural Assimilation Laws At the end of the eighteenth century, the government of the United States was concerned about the problem of cultural heterogeneity.
Canadian Indians, Métis, and Inuit Material Culture The relevance of this book is identified by problems of modern history and anthropology and, mainly, by the need to examine the representation of artifacts of the First Nations as well as by the need […]
Udayan Care: Indian Culture Care Community The analysis started with a narrative of the background of Udayan Care, especially as compared to the institutionalized care given by the government and private homes in India and the West.
Views of Benjamin Franklin on Indian Culture The tenacity with which the Indians held to their traditions came out clearly in the treaty of Lancaster in Pennsylvania. A juxtaposition of civilization in the eyes of the Indians to the western countries is […]
The Practice of Counseling in the US and Indian Culture Owing the varied nature of the constituents of this culture, there is a large and continually expanding evolution of the Indian culture especially as regards religion, beliefs and societal values that is quite influential to […]
Native American Culture and American Indians However, the history of the USA has come through the colonization and many people who now inhabit the continent are not the Native Americans.
Cheyenne Indians History and Culture Furthermore, it was to emphasize the unique powers and the superiority of the chief priests and the prophets in the community.
Historical Analysis of 19th Century Indian Culture
American and Indian Culture: Comparative Analysis
Overview of American Indian Culture Before 1763
American Indian Culture and Its Effects on Nursing
Historical Analysis of Ancient Indian Culture
Comparative Analysis of Asian and Indian Culture
Cherokee Indian Culture and Its Impact on United States Culture
Comparison of Chinese and Indian Culture
Analysis of Contemporary Indian Culture
Contrasts Between German and Indian Culture and Qualities
Cultural Challenges With the Indian Culture to Business in Kenya
Difference Between Western and Indian Culture
Cultural Islam: Keeping Faith and Tradition Under Indian Culture in Pakistan
Differences Between American Culture and Indian Culture
Cultural Experience: Overview of Indian Culture
The Relationships Between Economics and Indian Culture
Culture Comparisons Between the Kung and the Indian Cultures
Analysis of Entrepreneurs From the Indian Culture
European Settlers and the Impact of Indian Culture
Examining the Assorted Heritage of Indian Culture
Hinduism and Buddhism’s Influence on Indian Culture in Southeast Asia
Indian Culture and Its Architectural Heritage
Overview of Indian Culture, Politics, and Business
Indian Culture and Food After Meeting an Indian Lady
Reasons Why Indian Culture Restrains the Women
Indian Culture and How Its Diversity Glorifies India at an Incredible Level
Individual Cultural Communication: Study of Indian Culture
Indian Culture and How It Translates to America
Projecting Ethos Through Indian Culture
Indian Culture and Its Different Religions
Reward and Punishment Allocation in the Indian Culture
Indian Culture and Its Impact on Society
The Apache Indian Culture and History
Indian Culture and the River Sutra’s Healing Powers
Comparative Analysis of Canadian Culture and Indian Culture
Indian Culture: Getting the Best From the Best
The Fundamental Issues Within the Romanian and Indian Culture
The Indian Culture and Modern Education System
Understanding Indian Culture With a Healthcare Perspective
The Indian Culture Referring to the Seven Dimensions of Trompenaars
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113 Great Research Paper Topics

General Education

One of the hardest parts of writing a research paper can be just finding a good topic to write about. Fortunately we've done the hard work for you and have compiled a list of 113 interesting research paper topics. They've been organized into ten categories and cover a wide range of subjects so you can easily find the best topic for you.

In addition to the list of good research topics, we've included advice on what makes a good research paper topic and how you can use your topic to start writing a great paper.

What Makes a Good Research Paper Topic?

Not all research paper topics are created equal, and you want to make sure you choose a great topic before you start writing. Below are the three most important factors to consider to make sure you choose the best research paper topics.

#1: It's Something You're Interested In

A paper is always easier to write if you're interested in the topic, and you'll be more motivated to do in-depth research and write a paper that really covers the entire subject. Even if a certain research paper topic is getting a lot of buzz right now or other people seem interested in writing about it, don't feel tempted to make it your topic unless you genuinely have some sort of interest in it as well.

#2: There's Enough Information to Write a Paper

Even if you come up with the absolute best research paper topic and you're so excited to write about it, you won't be able to produce a good paper if there isn't enough research about the topic. This can happen for very specific or specialized topics, as well as topics that are too new to have enough research done on them at the moment. Easy research paper topics will always be topics with enough information to write a full-length paper.

Trying to write a research paper on a topic that doesn't have much research on it is incredibly hard, so before you decide on a topic, do a bit of preliminary searching and make sure you'll have all the information you need to write your paper.

#3: It Fits Your Teacher's Guidelines

Don't get so carried away looking at lists of research paper topics that you forget any requirements or restrictions your teacher may have put on research topic ideas. If you're writing a research paper on a health-related topic, deciding to write about the impact of rap on the music scene probably won't be allowed, but there may be some sort of leeway. For example, if you're really interested in current events but your teacher wants you to write a research paper on a history topic, you may be able to choose a topic that fits both categories, like exploring the relationship between the US and North Korea. No matter what, always get your research paper topic approved by your teacher first before you begin writing.

113 Good Research Paper Topics

Below are 113 good research topics to help you get you started on your paper. We've organized them into ten categories to make it easier to find the type of research paper topics you're looking for.

Arts/Culture

Discuss the main differences in art from the Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance .
Analyze the impact a famous artist had on the world.
How is sexism portrayed in different types of media (music, film, video games, etc.)? Has the amount/type of sexism changed over the years?
How has the music of slaves brought over from Africa shaped modern American music?
How has rap music evolved in the past decade?
How has the portrayal of minorities in the media changed?

Current Events

What have been the impacts of China's one child policy?
How have the goals of feminists changed over the decades?
How has the Trump presidency changed international relations?
Analyze the history of the relationship between the United States and North Korea.
What factors contributed to the current decline in the rate of unemployment?
What have been the impacts of states which have increased their minimum wage?
How do US immigration laws compare to immigration laws of other countries?
How have the US's immigration laws changed in the past few years/decades?
How has the Black Lives Matter movement affected discussions and view about racism in the US?
What impact has the Affordable Care Act had on healthcare in the US?
What factors contributed to the UK deciding to leave the EU (Brexit)?
What factors contributed to China becoming an economic power?
Discuss the history of Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies (some of which tokenize the S&P 500 Index on the blockchain) .
Do students in schools that eliminate grades do better in college and their careers?
Do students from wealthier backgrounds score higher on standardized tests?
Do students who receive free meals at school get higher grades compared to when they weren't receiving a free meal?
Do students who attend charter schools score higher on standardized tests than students in public schools?
Do students learn better in same-sex classrooms?
How does giving each student access to an iPad or laptop affect their studies?
What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Montessori Method ?
Do children who attend preschool do better in school later on?
What was the impact of the No Child Left Behind act?
How does the US education system compare to education systems in other countries?
What impact does mandatory physical education classes have on students' health?
Which methods are most effective at reducing bullying in schools?
Do homeschoolers who attend college do as well as students who attended traditional schools?
Does offering tenure increase or decrease quality of teaching?
How does college debt affect future life choices of students?
Should graduate students be able to form unions?

What are different ways to lower gun-related deaths in the US?
How and why have divorce rates changed over time?
Is affirmative action still necessary in education and/or the workplace?
Should physician-assisted suicide be legal?
How has stem cell research impacted the medical field?
How can human trafficking be reduced in the United States/world?
Should people be able to donate organs in exchange for money?
Which types of juvenile punishment have proven most effective at preventing future crimes?
Has the increase in US airport security made passengers safer?
Analyze the immigration policies of certain countries and how they are similar and different from one another.
Several states have legalized recreational marijuana. What positive and negative impacts have they experienced as a result?
Do tariffs increase the number of domestic jobs?
Which prison reforms have proven most effective?
Should governments be able to censor certain information on the internet?
Which methods/programs have been most effective at reducing teen pregnancy?
What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Keto diet?
How effective are different exercise regimes for losing weight and maintaining weight loss?
How do the healthcare plans of various countries differ from each other?
What are the most effective ways to treat depression ?
What are the pros and cons of genetically modified foods?
Which methods are most effective for improving memory?
What can be done to lower healthcare costs in the US?
What factors contributed to the current opioid crisis?
Analyze the history and impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic .
Are low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets more effective for weight loss?
How much exercise should the average adult be getting each week?
Which methods are most effective to get parents to vaccinate their children?
What are the pros and cons of clean needle programs?
How does stress affect the body?
Discuss the history of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians.
What were the causes and effects of the Salem Witch Trials?
Who was responsible for the Iran-Contra situation?
How has New Orleans and the government's response to natural disasters changed since Hurricane Katrina?
What events led to the fall of the Roman Empire?
What were the impacts of British rule in India ?
Was the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki necessary?
What were the successes and failures of the women's suffrage movement in the United States?
What were the causes of the Civil War?
How did Abraham Lincoln's assassination impact the country and reconstruction after the Civil War?
Which factors contributed to the colonies winning the American Revolution?
What caused Hitler's rise to power?
Discuss how a specific invention impacted history.
What led to Cleopatra's fall as ruler of Egypt?
How has Japan changed and evolved over the centuries?
What were the causes of the Rwandan genocide ?

Why did Martin Luther decide to split with the Catholic Church?
Analyze the history and impact of a well-known cult (Jonestown, Manson family, etc.)
How did the sexual abuse scandal impact how people view the Catholic Church?
How has the Catholic church's power changed over the past decades/centuries?
What are the causes behind the rise in atheism/ agnosticism in the United States?
What were the influences in Siddhartha's life resulted in him becoming the Buddha?
How has media portrayal of Islam/Muslims changed since September 11th?

Science/Environment

How has the earth's climate changed in the past few decades?
How has the use and elimination of DDT affected bird populations in the US?
Analyze how the number and severity of natural disasters have increased in the past few decades.
Analyze deforestation rates in a certain area or globally over a period of time.
How have past oil spills changed regulations and cleanup methods?
How has the Flint water crisis changed water regulation safety?
What are the pros and cons of fracking?
What impact has the Paris Climate Agreement had so far?
What have NASA's biggest successes and failures been?
How can we improve access to clean water around the world?
Does ecotourism actually have a positive impact on the environment?
Should the US rely on nuclear energy more?
What can be done to save amphibian species currently at risk of extinction?
What impact has climate change had on coral reefs?
How are black holes created?
Are teens who spend more time on social media more likely to suffer anxiety and/or depression?
How will the loss of net neutrality affect internet users?
Analyze the history and progress of self-driving vehicles.
How has the use of drones changed surveillance and warfare methods?
Has social media made people more or less connected?
What progress has currently been made with artificial intelligence ?
Do smartphones increase or decrease workplace productivity?
What are the most effective ways to use technology in the classroom?
How is Google search affecting our intelligence?
When is the best age for a child to begin owning a smartphone?
Has frequent texting reduced teen literacy rates?

How to Write a Great Research Paper

Even great research paper topics won't give you a great research paper if you don't hone your topic before and during the writing process. Follow these three tips to turn good research paper topics into great papers.

#1: Figure Out Your Thesis Early

Before you start writing a single word of your paper, you first need to know what your thesis will be. Your thesis is a statement that explains what you intend to prove/show in your paper. Every sentence in your research paper will relate back to your thesis, so you don't want to start writing without it!

As some examples, if you're writing a research paper on if students learn better in same-sex classrooms, your thesis might be "Research has shown that elementary-age students in same-sex classrooms score higher on standardized tests and report feeling more comfortable in the classroom."

If you're writing a paper on the causes of the Civil War, your thesis might be "While the dispute between the North and South over slavery is the most well-known cause of the Civil War, other key causes include differences in the economies of the North and South, states' rights, and territorial expansion."

#2: Back Every Statement Up With Research

Remember, this is a research paper you're writing, so you'll need to use lots of research to make your points. Every statement you give must be backed up with research, properly cited the way your teacher requested. You're allowed to include opinions of your own, but they must also be supported by the research you give.

#3: Do Your Research Before You Begin Writing

You don't want to start writing your research paper and then learn that there isn't enough research to back up the points you're making, or, even worse, that the research contradicts the points you're trying to make!

Get most of your research on your good research topics done before you begin writing. Then use the research you've collected to create a rough outline of what your paper will cover and the key points you're going to make. This will help keep your paper clear and organized, and it'll ensure you have enough research to produce a strong paper.

What's Next?

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These recommendations are based solely on our knowledge and experience. If you purchase an item through one of our links, PrepScholar may receive a commission.

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Christine graduated from Michigan State University with degrees in Environmental Biology and Geography and received her Master's from Duke University. In high school she scored in the 99th percentile on the SAT and was named a National Merit Finalist. She has taught English and biology in several countries.

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India’s Higher Education Landscape

Though India’s role in the international education landscape has historically been as a top sending country, its star is rising as a destination for international students. Toward that end, India’s overlapping goals of expanding access to higher education among all students in the country, keeping talented Indian students at Indian institutions, and attracting students from abroad all begin with prioritizing its higher education system.

In the last 2 years, the pandemic has compounded existing challenges in India, including those related to capacity, equity, access to resources, quality, and bureaucratic obstacles. But reform efforts to address these issues and others are taking root as India’s tertiary sector experiences a period of tremendous expansion.

One hope for meaningful reform is the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020), approved by India’s central government in July 2020. But it’s too early to tell if the implementation of the NEP will succeed in moving the sector forward.

To appreciate the country’s growing role in international education, it’s important to understand the scope of India’s higher education system, as well as its various models, strengths and weaknesses, and largest obstacles.

An Overview: Large but Challenged

India’s higher education landscape is a mix of progress and challenges. Its scope is vast: 1,043 universities, 42,343 colleges, and 11,779 stand-alone institutions make it one of the largest higher education sectors in the world, according to the latest (2019–20) All India Survey of Higher Education Report (AISHE 2019–20).

The number of institutions has expanded by more than 400 percent since 2001, with much of the growth taking place in the private education sector, according to a major 2019 report from the Brookings Institution, Reviving Higher Education in India . This growth continued through 2019–20, according to the 2019–20 AISHE report.

Capacity is growing rapidly to serve India’s large youth population and burgeoning college-aged cohort. One metric of note is gross enrollment ratio (GER), which measures total enrollment in education as a percentage of the eligible school-aged population. India’s GER of 27.1 percent in 2019–20 seems poised to fall below the Ministry of Education’s target of achieving 32 percent by 2022. It is also significantly behind China’s 51 percent and much of Europe and North America, where 80 percent or more of young people enroll in higher education, according to Philip Altbach, a research professor at Boston College and founding director of the Center for International Higher Education.

The number of institutions has expanded by more than 400 percent since 2001. ...Capacity is growing rapidly to serve India’s large youth population and burgeoning college-aged cohort.

India has produced many noteworthy higher education institutions, including those specializing in sciences and business, though none of them take the top spots in global rankings. Its highest-ranked institution, the Indian Institute of Science, was in the 301–350 range among institutions worldwide in 2022, according to the Times Higher Education 2022 World University Rankings . China, by contrast, has 16 institutions in the top 350, including six ranked in the top 100 and two in the top 20. However, much is different about India—its central government is less efficient and empowered, there’s enormous variation between India’s 36 states and territories, there’s less affluence, and the country has a democratic political system.

Across India, there is an enormous variation in quality institutions between states. For instance, according to the National Institutional Ranking Framework of India 2021 , the best colleges in the country are concentrated in 9 of India’s 28 states: Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and West Bengal. The colleges in these states are all in the ranking’s top 100 institutions, notes Eldho Mathews, deputy advisor at the National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration. In states with fewer resources, offering quality education is more of a challenge.

Other difficulties that hobble the sector include lack of sufficient funding at both the national and state levels; inefficient structure; massive bureaucracy; and corruption. An additional, formidable hurdle is to bridge the gap between graduates and jobs, as many employers have doubts about the quality of Indian graduates’ skills. In a recent survey by Wheelbox, Taggd, and the Confederation of Indian Industry, respondents rated graduates of higher education institutions below a 50 percent employability level, according to the resulting Indian Skills Report .

The NEP: Introducing New Reforms

To address the challenges and steer the overall Indian tertiary sector, the Indian government released the NEP 2020 and the Education Quality Upgradation and Inclusion Programme (EQUIP), a five-year education plan announced in 2019. In addition to its teacher-education initiatives and the introduction of 4-year degrees and more flexible pathways, the NEP’s major reform components include the following:

Raising the percentage of young people enrolled in postsecondary education significantly—up to 50 percent from the current 26.3 percent. The draft national policy aims to increase the gross enrollment ratio (GER) to at least 50 percent by 2035, while EQUIP has a goal of doubling the GER to 52 percent by 2024.
Increasing expenditures on all levels of public education from 10 percent of all government spending to 20 percent over a 10-year period.
Imposing a differentiated system of research universities, teaching universities, and colleges that seeks to do away with the affiliation model, merge institutions to create larger multidisciplinary education and research institutions, and give greater autonomy to the best universities.
Establishing a Global Initiative of Academic Networks to engage with the international talent pool of scientists and entrepreneurs to augment the country’s existing academic resources, accelerate the pace of quality reform, and elevate India’s scientific and technological capacity to a standard of global excellence.
Establishing a Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration that taps foreign academics to improve the competitiveness of the Indian system.
Continuing and expanding the existing Institutions of Eminence (IoE) program, which focused on creating world-class teaching and research institutions. Ten public and 10 private institutions are to be identified as world-class, with the goal that these institutions are eventually ranked among the top 100 in the world over time. The IoE designation is intended to allow these institutions greater freedom to determine fee and course structures and the discretion to establish their governing bodies.
Continuing the Leadership for Academicians Programme, launched in 2019, which provides training for those in academic and administrative leadership positions in partnership with selected foreign universities.
Restructuring and consolidating the system so that institutions have a minimum 3,000-student enrollment.

Several Indian states have still not implemented the NEP 2020, in some cases because of disputes over language issues and allegations that state powers are neglected in the plan. While some states are close to achieving target GERs, others lag far behind, according to Changing Higher Education in India , a 2022 higher education treatise that includes an analysis of implementation of NEP 2020 reforms.

Some say that more funding is a core need, and there is no indication that expenditures of that magnitude will occur. India’s Economic Survey 2021–22 reported that spending on education as a percentage of GDP grew slightly—an estimated .3 percent—since 2014–15, but all sources interviewed were skeptical that a substantial increase in the tertiary education sector spending will occur.

“It is not enough to announce these things; [they] take money and follow-through, and there are a lot of powerful negative forces that continue to the present,” says Altbach. “There are good proposals coming forth from the government and semigovernment private commissions that roughly say the same thing and sound more serious than the past, but the jury is out.”

“Emphasis on quality entails limitations on quantity and…inclusiveness. Diversity of gender, ethnicity, country, and region all contribute to excellence. Values are paramount.” —Ramaswamy Sudarshan

Lakhotia is also skeptical: “NEP 2020 has now been formally in place for nearly 2 years, but its implementation is visible only in fragments,” he says.

The rush to increase capacity with limited resources is highlighting trade-offs and forcing hard choices, says Ramaswamy Sudarshan, dean of the Jindal School of Government and Public Policy at the private O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU) in Haryana. “Not all good things go together,” he says. “Emphasis on quality entails limitations on quantity and…inclusiveness. Diversity of gender, ethnicity, country, and region all contribute to excellence. Values are paramount.”

Others express more positive reactions to the prospects of the NEP 2020. Raghu Radhakrishnan, director of international relations at the Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), praises the NEP 2020.

“The new NEP is on the anvil to meet the changing dynamics of the population’s requirement with regards to quality education, innovation, and research, aiming to make India a knowledge superpower by equipping its students with the necessary skills and knowledge and to eliminate the shortage of manpower in science, technology, academics, and industry,” Radhakrishnan says.

Working It Out: Public and Private Universities

With the government’s focus on primary and secondary education in the past several decades, higher education in India as “a huge unmet need,” says Sudarshan. This has left private institutions to fill the tertiary education space.

“The rate of expansion of public universities in the country is poor relative to the emphasis given to primary and secondary education,” he says. “Instead, [the government] encouraged the private sector to produce [university expansion]. The number of private universities presently exceeds that of publicly funded ones, and the gap between the two will continue to increase.”

Indeed, unlike the United States and China, India has tended to promote the creation of a larger number of these smaller institutions. The Brookings Reviving Higher Education report notes that Indian institutions, on average, have about 690 students, whereas China averages 16,000 students per institution, allowing the country to scale up more rapidly.

A total of 78.6 percent of India’s colleges are private, accounting for about a third of total college enrollment, according to the AISHE 2019–20 report. However, while most of the enrollment capacity growth in Indian higher education has happened through the expansion of these private institutions, quality is uneven. The All India Council for Technical Education has imposed a moratorium on approval of new engineering colleges given attendance shortfalls in the country, notes the Times of India . This ties into another item on the NEP’s to-do list: Ensure a minimum enrollment of 3,000 students and phase out small colleges with lower enrollments.

“I think we need a mix of [large and small institutions] to effectively cater to the differing needs of learning desires and logistics of the rural and urban populations on one hand and the significantly varying local needs on the other.” —S. C. Lakhotia

Some smaller, private, upstart universities, however, have better resources and have broken free from the model, making dramatic progress in providing a small number of students more resource-rich educations—but these institutions remain a small part of the picture.

S. C. Lakhotia, a distinguished professor at Banaras Hindu University (BHU) questions whether having larger institutions would necessarily improve the situation. “I am not sure if fewer but larger institutions would be an answer to the mammoth task of providing reasonable quality of higher education to the huge population,” he says “With all cities in the country already bursting at their seams, having larger institutions would aggravate the conditions due to further migration to such centers. I think we need a mix of both to effectively cater to the differing needs of learning desires and logistics of the rural and urban populations on one hand and the significantly varying local needs on the other.”

Structural Difficulties

The structure of India’s higher education system creates its own challenges that the NEP aims to address. At the hub of the system are the public universities. Most of them have affiliations with numerous smaller, often private, colleges—generally of lesser prestige and quality.

“Of 40,000 colleges, most are dependent on a mother university for their frameworks and other things, even though many Indian colleges are older than the universities to which they are affiliated,” says Mathews. “That is a big hurdle.”

“The public universities are overstretched,” says William Brustein, interim director of the University of Pittsburgh’s Global Studies Center and formerly the vice provost for global strategies and international affairs at The Ohio State University (OSU) from 2009 to 2016, where he established U.S.-India mobility programs. “Their faculty are not paid well, and they have to hold two or three jobs. They can’t devote time to research, and they lack the technology in their classrooms that you would find in China.”

One example of an overstretched public institution is BHU, located in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The university, recognized as an Institution of Eminence in 2020, started in 1916 with strong national backing, an ambitious vision, and deep resources. Its 1,300-acre campus is home to a residential university, as well as to three other affiliate colleges: a women’s college, the Institute of Medical Sciences, and the Institute of Technology, which was recently separated as an independent institution. But BHU has faced challenges in recent years.

“The diversity of subjects, the huge campus, and the large number of students and faculty have indeed presented a variety of administrative and academic challenges,” says Lakhotia.

The NEP’s goal in addressing these difficulties is to move away from the affiliation model and create a new system of research universities, teaching universities, and colleges. Merging institutions will create larger multidisciplinary education and research institutions and give greater autonomy to the best universities.

Bridging the Funding Gap

One of the NEP’s major objectives is to double the amount spent on public education, which should ameliorate a major challenge that plagues higher education in India: inadequate funding for both central- and state-funded public universities. Central universities receive funding from the national government, through the University Grants Commission (UGC), while state universities are funded by state governments, in addition to some grants from the UGC.

“Although there is a general perception that central universities are better funded than state universities, the facts, at least for BHU, are different,” says Lakhotia. “Some of the central universities … have better funding than the earlier established central universities like BHU. The more recently established central universities perhaps also have better budgets. Many of the state universities are in worse conditions with respect to the funds provided by the given state governments.”

“More recently, there has been a shift to understanding that you cannot just focus on the early part of the pathway and neglect youths coming into and out of higher education.” —Rajika Bhandari

And much funding has been concentrated on the primary and secondary levels. “For many years, there was heavy focus on primary and secondary education,” says Rajika Bhandari, author and former president and CEO of the IC3 Institute, which promotes career and college counseling at schools around the world in partnership with universities, and with a large presence in India. “More recently, there has been a shift to understanding that you cannot just focus on the early part of the pathway and neglect youths coming into and out of higher education.”

The NEP specifies that “revamping colleges and universities to foster excellence” is a priority for the government’s financial investment.

The Deadening Effect of Bureaucracy

Excessive bureaucracy rivals insufficient funding as a root cause of the challenges of the Indian higher education sector. Many colleges function under the supervision of a university or a government body, reducing their autonomy. In many cases, the university or government body is unable to regulate them effectively, the Brookings Institution report notes. States are also the leading funders of many institutions, removing the ability of the central government to use funding as a lever to improve the systems.

That bureaucracy has a deadening effect on the ability of Indian higher education institutions to experiment and evolve, says Pankaj Chandra, vice chancellor of Ahmedabad University, one of India’s upstart private institutions.

“Indian higher education suffers from lack of experimentation and hence an inability to react to the changing environment—and it is true of some of India’s better institutions, such as its Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) and Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)as well,” Chandra says. “Having studied at an IIT and taught for two decades at two of the IIMs and led one of the premier IIMs as its director, I feel that they could be many times better if the government just stopped controlling them or dictating to them as to what should they do. They need to be left alone to chart their own destinies.”

Similarly, India’s regulatory framework and bureaucratic mindset “have been and remain obstacles,” in the progress of JGU, notes Sudarshan. These obstacles include passing legislation to create the university, obtaining permissions and approval for developing the land, and seeking recognition for JGU’s law school.

“There is a great tradition of individual inquiry and learning in India and its institutions; we just need to make them collectively able to deliver new ideas and scientific knowledge for the society.” —Pankaj Chandra

Streamlining systems and reducing inefficiencies are key aspects to India becoming a bigger player as a destination country in international education, though the NEP does not address these particular pain points. It does, however, outline implementation plans that include better coordination between central and state governing bodies, leveraging existing strengths of India’s academic tradition.

“There is a great tradition of individual inquiry and learning in India and its institutions; we just need to make them collectively able to deliver new ideas and scientific knowledge for the society,” Chandra says. “Given the fundamental ways in which the world is changing, here is an entry point for institutions that think differently to become leaders globally.”

Changing Mindsets

In addition to bureaucracy, long-held attitudes about higher education—and who should have access to it—prevent progress that could benefit potential students.

Brustein says he also encountered an elitist aspect to the central governmental mindset toward Indian institutional capacity development. He recalls attending Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce (FICCI) conferences in New Delhi, where government officials expressed their desire to create the equivalent of Ivy Leave institutions in India.

“I think India would do much better with a land-grant model and, also, community colleges,” says Brustein. “That is where India could really make a difference in its higher education. But there has been no effort to do that.”

Lakhotia agrees that more technical and vocational training might be better fits for the needs of many young Indians. “While there may be larger institutions which cater more to those primarily interested in academic careers, there have to be many smaller institutions across the country that provide basic education and vocational trainings beyond secondary schools,” he says.

The NEP outlines robust plans to reimagine how vocational training is offered in higher education, especially given the prevailing social attitudes that view vocational training as inferior. One major goal is, by 2025, to have 50 percent of Indian students exposed to some type of vocational education; currently, it’s less than 5 percent.

“The present trend that everyone should have an undergraduate degree to get a job has resulted in the unmanageable migrations from rural to urban areas on one hand, and a worrying lack of skilled manpower for agriculture and various services [on the other],” Lakhotia says.

Accreditation, Equity, and Teacher Development

The NEP focuses a large part in its higher education plans on accreditation, which is also seen as incomplete and insufficient to ensure institutional quality. Mandatory accreditation under the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) is limited to institutions seeking funding, while another accreditation body, the National Board of Accreditation (NBA), is limited to technical programs like engineering and management. NBA accredits individual courses rather than institutions, resulting in a small proportion of institutions with NAAC accreditation, notes the Brookings Institution report. In 2018, the UGC proposed that more accreditation agencies be created.

Equity is another deeply rooted obstacle for India’s higher education sector. To increase diversity in admissions, there is an affirmative action policy (called “ reservation ”) that allots a certain percentage of seats to historically disadvantaged groups, including women; people from disadvantaged castes, tribes, and religious minorities; and those from economically disadvantaged segments of society.

Challenges remain for many of these students once admitted. Ministry of Human Resource Development data published in 2019 reveals that out of 2,461 students who dropped out from IITs over a 2-year period, nearly half were from reservation groups. Of the 99 students who dropped out of IIMs, most were from reservation classes, writes Rudrashis Datta, an assistant professor in English at Pritilata Waddedar Mahavidyalaya in West Bengal, in an opinion article in The Statesman . A similar pattern of high dropout rates for reservation class populations from seven top IITs was reported for a 5-year period by the Education Ministry in 2021, according to The Hindu .

To remedy these problems, the NEP outlines eight specific steps for governing bodies and 14 steps for institutions to take in order to ensure better equity, access, and student success—from financial assistance and inclusive curriculum to wheelchair-accessible buildings and counseling and mentorship programs.

An area where the NEP’s efforts are bearing fruit is in boosting teacher qualifications. Under the NEP 2020, the central government requires a 4-year integrated bachelor’s of education as the minimum required degree for teaching by 2030. In 2021, the government announced a program of instruction for that degree in 50 institutions across the country. The program will start in the 2022–23 academic year and will allow graduates to get a degree in education as well as in a specialized subject, such as history, mathematics, arts, economics, or commerce.

“Having the right environment that encourages research, independence, academic freedom, and stimulating students are incentives [for faculty].” —Ramaswamy Sudarshan

In March, the UGC began considering modifications to its regulations to allow the appointment of professionals and industry experts as professors in central government universities as part of the implementation of the NEP 2020.

Better funding and institutional mandates that emphasize more research have allowed some universities to recruit and retain top talent. “We have managed to attract about 20 new faculty every year to the university during the last 4 years,” Chandra says. “The largest majority amongst them are Indians who have completed their PhDs at some of the best places like MIT, Stanford, Chicago, Penn, and Cambridge. The rest are PhDs from some of the best institutions in India.”

Similarly, says Sudarshan, “JGU has benefited from brain gain, with its top scholars returning to work with us, even though they will take a pay cut. I did when I left the [United Nations Development Programme] and joined JGU. Having the right environment that encourages research, independence, academic freedom, and stimulating students are incentives.”

Introducing New Approaches

In India, 3-year arts, commerce, and sciences degrees remain the most common. And traditional pedagogy, such as rote learning, still hold sway. Mousumi Mukherjee, a professor at JGU and deputy director of the International Institute for Higher Education Research & Capacity Building, says the teaching reality of many professors in India at colleges affiliated with public universities still resembles her own early career experience as a lecturer at a college affiliated with the University of Calcutta.

With a syllabus designed by an administrative body far from her campus, she and other teachers were expected to deliver the curriculum as planned with no autonomy in the classroom—“whether the students were actually able to understand it or not,” she says. “I later studied abroad under a Fulbright teaching fellowship, and I had to unlearn everything I had learned about teaching from that period in my career.”

However, the NEP 2020 has introduced 4-year undergraduate degrees with multiple entry and exit points. The policy also seeks to increase flexible pathways to higher education learning, including increased credit transfers between different institutions and types of programs. Other new initiatives from the NEP in this area include an academic credit bank to allow students to move between different universities and gain credits from work that count toward a final degree.

In addition, a draft Curricular Framework and Credit System for Four-year Undergraduate Programme , introduced by the UGC, calls for multidisciplinary and holistic education to emphasize conceptual understanding, creativity, and critical thinking. Stakeholders hope the greater flexibility will improve GER ratios, reduce dropouts, and increase degree completion. However, a liberal arts approach and the flexible thinking behind it are relatively new developments to the Indian ecosystem, says Chandra.

“India needs its own experiments and it needs to build liberal arts–driven education that is located in its context and is still global in its value and aspirations of meritocracy. Ahmedabad is an experiment in that direction.” —Pankaj Chandra

“Most parents are not convinced that such an education is superior to rote learning, as the latter gets them into established public institutions like IITs and IIMs,” he says. “Most employers also value single parameter achievement that is designed around marks in standardized exams. It is going to take some time before these employers break their mindset and start to hire graduates in large numbers. Some of the more enlightened ones are already coming to our campuses.”

Ahmedabad University has successfully implemented such an approach. “Many schools are simply trying to replicate the ethos, culture, and structure of programs in the United States or Europe,” Chandra says. “They are also attracting students from a certain section of the society because of their high fees. India needs its own experiments and it needs to build liberal arts–driven education that is located in its context and is still global in its value and aspirations of meritocracy. Ahmedabad is an experiment in that direction.”

The Strength of Specialized Institutions

While schools such as Ahmedabad are beginning to address the need for liberal arts-based education, the establishment of state-sponsored, science- and business-related institutions is a time-tested achievement. Resources are concentrated on these science- and business-related institutions, which recruit top Indian students. The country’s 23 Indian Institutes of Technology, its autonomous public technical and research universities, and its 20 Indian Institutes of Management are centrally funded and enjoy greater autonomy than most institutions, though they educate a relatively small number of students.

“The IITs are a bright point in the system, in part by leaning heavily on admissions testing to yield the brightest students from an enormous number of applicants,” says Altbach. “They are world class and mainly undergraduate. The Indian Schools of Management are the same thing, funded by the federal government.”

Such institutions are among the most selective in the world. “If these students were to come to the United States, they would attend Harvard or MIT,” says Brustein.

“The IITs are a bright point in the system, in part by leaning heavily on admissions testing to yield the brightest students from an enormous number of applicants. They are world class and mainly undergraduate.” —Philip Altbach

There are also noteworthy public institutions outside the IITs and IISc, which are established brands. “These institutions as whole entities are not as comparable to world leaders abroad, but many have excellent departments that do excellent research,” says Mathews. The Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research in Pune and the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) under the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research are central institutions doing very good basic science and research, Mathews notes.

The state university system includes several standout institutions, such as Calcutta University, Jadvapur University, and Pune University. “Their funding is much lower than the IITs, yet some of their departments conduct excellent research, which is amazing,” Mathews says. “These institutions often don’t get mentioned outside of the country.”

In fact, almost all prominent states that have a major teaching university also have research and training institutions—including some in advanced fields, such as the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) in Kerala, which is supported by the central government in strategically important areas, notes Mathews. In August 2021, the Indian Cabinet approved a noteworthy memorandum of understanding between IIST and the Delft University of Technology, for carrying out the academic programs and research activities involving students and faculty members in each institution.

A Game Changer: Distance Education

Distance education, one solution to some of India’s capacity challenges, continues to evolve—and may be one of the brightest spots in the country’s higher education sector, now that the government allows higher-ranked institutions to offer online degree programs. And as institutions around the world saw with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote learning is here to stay.

In India, distance learning accounts for “around 10 percent of the total enrollment in higher education, and [it’s] dominated by the public sector,” Mathews notes. “There are, however, some new forms of distance education that are disrupting the sector, most through private-public partnerships, institutions, and mass open online courses (MOOCs),” Mathews says.

Established in 1973, the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore (IIMB), is one of the top management schools in India in the public sector and has a standout MOOC program, the IIMBx program. To date, IIMBx has had over 750,000 students from more than 190 countries, says P. D. Jose, an IIMB professor.

Another online program, the National Program on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL), is a project run by the IITs and the Indian Institute of Science. Since 2003, it has offered more than 2,300 courses for students online, and, since 2014, it has allowed participating students to receive certifications from those institutions that include transferrable credits. The program, which offers courses in STEM, management, and the humanities also features proctored exams. NPTEL partners with other colleges within and outside India to extend the reach of the program.

The fact that NPTEL certificates come with IIT and IISc recognition has helped their acceptance among employers, says IIT Madras’s Andrew Thangaraj, who helps run the program.

“One of the things that’s unique or very interesting in India is online higher education is actually integrated quite strongly with on-campus education,” says Thangaraj. “Pretty much every college will know about Swayam (the national MOOC portal) and NPTEL training. [Institutions] are looking for competent teaching in every subject that have actually been offered there, and they get that through these kinds of online programs.”

“It is an experiment, and we are learning every day to perfect our online education methods. If we can do quality and scale, other institutions will follow suit and we will change the game for higher education in India.” —Andrew Thangaraj

In 2021, Thangaraj says IIT Madras took the online next step and began offering a full bachelor’s program online, a 3-year degree in programming and data science, which Thangaraj says is one of, if not the , only large-scale, full-degree online programs in India. It currently has more than 12,000 students participating. The program features live interaction with instructors for 8 to 10 hours per week per course. Students must come in monthly to one of 100 exam centers throughout India or the several foreign exam centers to be tested.

“It is an experiment, and we are learning every day to perfect our online education methods,” Thangaraj says. “If we can do quality and scale, other institutions will follow suit and we will change the game for higher education in India.”

A challenge that hinders distance and online education in India is that many colleges do not have good internet connectivity, particularly in rural areas, says Mathews. Thangaraj notes that many smaller, local colleges allow students to access online courses through labs in their facilities, which can solve the problem of access for those with no connectivity. In some cases, students watch videos of the classes rather than enjoying real-time access.

But ultimately, Thangaraj sees online education as the gamechanger that will make the NEP 2020’s goals achievable. “Only 8 million students get admission into college each year,” notes Thangaraj. “Yet India has amazingly aggressive goals of admitting 20 or 25 million students each year by 2030. I don’t see any way of getting there other than online education playing a huge role.”

A Bright Future

If India can meet the ambitious goals outlined in the NEP and related plans, there is promise that it can successfully tap the remaining pockets of unrealized potential across the country. By building on the strengths of its higher education system and acknowledging the areas in need of reform, India can not only better meet its own students’ needs, but also attract talent from the region and the world.

The campus of Bannares Hindu University in India

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15 Graduate Dissertation Topics About Indian History

This list of dissertation topics on Indian History is perfect for students at the college or graduate-level. They are ideas developed by a team of professional writers and editors and are completely free to use and modify in any way you deem fit for your specific assignment:

Open-Ended Dissertation Indian History Topic Ideas

The ways in which post-colonial India literature affects the Western views and opinions of development in the region.
The history of India is one that is filled with several social ups and downs, but it is exactly this instability which has contributed to its contemporary political atmosphere.
India’s political future in the modern world. The ways in which the country’s relationship with Europe’s first world countries can help India develop technologically.
Despite the country’s history as a British colony and it’s unification towards its independence in the 20th century, India is still home to hundreds of different cultures that cause political division.
India has a long tradition of welcoming tourists from countries that are culturally different. But no major changes have been made to accommodate different ethnicities.

Dissertation Topic Ideas for College-Level Courses

In what ways has Buddhism changed politics and society in India where the majority of people are of the Hindi faith?
How did the Islamic faith manage to become the country’s dominant religion during the 8th century? What were the major belief systems in place before this transition?
Ashoka, one of India’s most powerful and influential rulers, converted to Buddhism and helped spread that religion’s teachings throughout other parts of Asia. How did he achieve this?
How has India successfully become the leading country for outsourcing technology products and services to other countries all over the world?
What were the major causes of the Indian Rebellion of 1857? Could the rebellion have been avoided had the ruling party had better relations with the East India Company?

Graduate Dissertation Topics on Modern Indian History

With over a million members of the Indian military serving in WWI, how is it that political alliances with European countries have not been as strong as expected?
How were the British trading companies able to outlast their competitors from other parts of the world? What role did this play in India’s independence?
What influence did Mohandas K. Gandhi's nonviolent movement have on the social and political reform prior to India’s independence?
What were the major reasons for the creation of two separate states (India and Pakistan) after India gained its independence in 1947? What is the current relationship between the two?
Would it have been possible to prevent India from splitting if its role in WWII had been any different? What supporting evidence is there for differing opinions about the war?

If you need a custom list of dissertation topics about any region or country, our team of professional writers and editors at www.thesishelpers.com will be glad to develop ideas suitable for any kind of academic assignment. Customer support specialists are here to provide dissertation help in a moment’s notice, so let us know what you need and well it delivered to you privately.

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v.15(1); 2023 Jan

Prevalence of Depression Among Undergraduate Medical Students in India: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gitashree dutta.

1 Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, IND

Navin Rajendran

2 Paediatrics, Dr. Sampurnanand (SN) Medical College, Jodhpur, IND

Tarun Kumar

3 Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, IND

Shoban B Varthya

Vinoth rajendran.

Background: Systematic reviews have proved that there is a high rate of depression among medical students when compared with their age-matched peers. Very few studies have evaluated the pooled prevalence of depression among medical students in India.

Objectives: To determine the pooled prevalence of depression among medical students in India.

Materials and methods: This review was done by searching databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for available original articles published between 2019 and 2022 on depression among Indian medical (MBBS) undergraduate students using PRISMA guidelines.

Results: A total of 19 original research articles were included in this review, involving students at different medical colleges from various regions of India. The pooled prevalence of depression among 5944 medical students was 50.0% (95% CI: (31%-70%)) based on the random effect model. This meta-analysis also found that the pooled prevalence of depression among females (pooled prevalence: 38.0%, 95% CI: 20.0 to 58.0) was slightly higher than among males (pooled prevalence: 34.0%, 95% CI: 15.0 to 55.0).

Conclusion: The high prevalence of depression among medical students demands regular screening for depression along with counselling services. It shows that there is a need to raise awareness among students and other stakeholders, such as parents and medical educators, concerning symptoms and signs of depression among medical students.

Introduction and background

The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity", a definition relevant today [ 1 ]. Further, it is stated that "not depressed" is not the end goal as there is a spectrum of well-being, with the disease at one end and optimal well-being at the other. The World Health Organization recognizes mental health disorders as important causes of morbidity and disability, with depression as one of the leading causes of mental health disorders.

In 2016, the age-standardized prevalence of depressive disorders in South Asia was 3.9% (95% UI: 3.6 - 4.2%), 3.7% (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 3.4-4.1%) in Bhutan, 3.9% (95% UI: 3.6-4.2%) in India, 4.4% (95% UI: 4.4-4.8%) in Bangladesh, 3.0% (95% UI: 2.8-3.3%) in Pakistan, and 4.0% (95% UI: 3.7-4.3%) in Nepal [ 2 ]. Systematic reviews have proved that there is a high rate of depression or depressive symptoms (27.2%) among medical students when compared with their age-matched peers before the COVID-19 pandemic [ 3 , 4 ]. All people, including medical students, would benefit from being aware of where they are on the well-being spectrum and what they can do to climb up the spectrum. Students who experience depression also experience additional mental health issues like anxiety, burnout, substance abuse, and suicidal thoughts. Undergraduate students' mental health is a significant public health issue on a global scale [ 5 - 8 ].

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a toll on the mental health of different individuals worldwide for various containment measures and the disease itself [ 9 ]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, college students are more prone to mental health disorders along with COVID-19 patients and medical personnel. Compared to other training programmes, medical education has the highest academic and emotional requirements. A systematic review and meta-analysis with research works published globally show depression prevalence of 37.9% among medical students [ 10 ].

The pooled prevalence of depression based on standard screening instruments among medical students in India was 40% before the COVID pandemic [ 11 ]. However, no studies have been conducted to date evaluating the effect of this healthcare crisis on medical trainees in India during the pandemic. This meta-analysis includes cross-sectional studies on depression among medical students in India to determine the pooled prevalence of depression among medical students in India.

Materials and methods

This study was completed following the PRISMA checklist [ 12 ], and it was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022331012) [ 13 ]. Before beginning the literature search, the study's framework was created using PRISMA criteria; after that, no changes were made.

Literature search

A systematic search was undertaken in three databases, namely PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, for all the available articles published in the English language during 2019-2021 on the prevalence of depression amongst undergraduate medical students in India by two independent investigators. (Appendices 1) Based on the "PICOS" principle for formulating the search strategy, the search terms include "Depression", "Undergraduate students", "medical students", "undergraduate medical students", and "MBBS students". We have added relevant articles identified by several databases to the search using Rayyan software. It was also attempted to contact the authors of articles whose full texts were unavailable in the databases. Appendices 1 presents a comprehensive search strategy.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

The inclusion criteria were 1) Cross-sectional study design, 2) The study population was undergraduate medical students from India, 3) Assessing the prevalence of depression using a standardized instrument, and 4) The study period was from January 2019 to April 2022. The articles which did not state the information on the prevalence of depression or outcome data among the undergraduate medical students were excluded.

Study selection and data extraction

The studies were retrieved based on the search strategy discussed a priori. Multiple publications of the same study were identified and collated. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify the studies that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Any disagreements were resolved by discussion or by a third reviewer. Data were extracted using a pre-designed spreadsheet from the studies which included the first author name, year of publication, study period, study setting, sample size, the instrument used for assessing depression, the total number of medical students, number of females, number of males, age (mean) of the student, prevalence of depression overall, and among male students and female students.

Quality assessment/risk of bias (ROB)

Using the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) Critical Appraisal tool for systematic reviews of prevalence studies, we evaluated the study's methodology which was shown in Table Table1 1 [ 14 , 15 ]. The reviewers independently assessed the ROB using the Modified JBI criteria. In case of a mismatch of results, the discrepancies or disputes have been checked, and the reviewers came to a common opinion by discussing it with a third investigator. The evaluated articles were divided into three categories: high ROB (JBI score 49%), moderate ROB (JBI score between 50% and 69%), and low ROB (JBI score >70%) [ 16 ].

NA- Not available, ROB- Risk of bias

Author	Age (years/ mean±SD)	Study population	Study setting	Study tool	Study period	Sample size	Outcome	ROB
Chakraborty A et al., 2019 [ ]	17 years to 25 years	Undergraduate medical college students and interns	Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Kanchipuram(dist), Tamil Nadu, India	Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)	April to June, 2019	100	90	Moderate risk
Chaudhuri A et al., 2020 [ ]	18 years to 22 years	Undergraduate students	Medical College of Eastern India	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	May 2020	392	114	Low risk
Kethawath S et al., 2020 [ ]	23.45± 0.7	Medical students who completed MBBS and pursue one year internship, 2019-2020	Tertiary care hospital, South India	Mental Health Literacy questionnaire	2019-2020	200	170	Moderate risk
Luthra R et al., 2020 [ ]	NA	MBBS students	Private medical college of Udaipur, Rajasthan	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	September 2019	225	55	Moderate risk
Pattnaik A et al., 2020 [ ]	Male:20.81±1.81Female: 20.98 ± 1.73	MBBS students from first to the fifth year	Tertiary care Government Teaching Hospital in Odisha	Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)	November 2019 to December 2019	902	902	Low risk
Prabhakar V et al., 2020 [ ]	NA	MBBS students	Private medical college in north India	Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS)	October 2019	115	55	Moderate risk
Saha R et al., 2020 [ ]	NA	Undergraduate medical students	Bankura Sammilani Medical College	Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Scale	April to June, 2019	216	63	Low risk
Vala N et al., 2020 [ ]	≥17 years	1st yr MBBS	Jamnagar, Gujarat	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	-	250	39	Moderate risk
Kukreja S et al., 2021 [ ]	21.28	Undergraduate medical students	Medical College situated in south Rajasthan	Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Scale	2019	302	77	Moderate risk
Lepcha C et al., 2021 [ ]	NA	1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year MBBS students	Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok.	hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS)	January 2020 to January 2021	382	86	Low risk
Rana S et al., 2021 [ ]	18 years to 22 years	First year MBBS students	Government Medical College, Ner Chowk, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	January 2021 to March 2021	110	64	Moderate risk
Saumya J et al., 2021 [ ]	NA	MBBS students	Gujarat	Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)	-	632	632	High risk
Solanki HK et al., 2021 [ ]	17 years to 28 years	Undergraduate medical students	Nainital District of the Kumaon region, Uttarakhand State	Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale	June 2019 to November 2019	395	145	Moderate risk
Tomy C et al., 2021 [ ]	21±1.67 years	MBBS and interns	Kerala	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	March to August 2019	500	172	Low risk
Waghmare P et al., 2021 [ ]	18 years to 26 years	Undergraduate medical colleges in Maharashtra	Maharashtra	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	5th September to 12th September 2020.	435	252	Low risk
Lalithamma A et al., 2022 [ ]	18 years to 20 years	1st year Medical students	Institute for physiology of the Institute for Karpaga Vinayaga Medicine, Science and Research Centre, Chinna Kolambakkam	DASS 42 questionnaire	April 2019 to May 2019	100	42	Moderate risk
Mishra J et al., 2022 [ ]	18 years to 23 years	Undergraduate medical students	Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), KIIT University, Bhubaneswar	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	October to November 2020	284	90	Low risk
Sasidharan A et al., 2022 [ ]	18 years to 25 years	Undergraduate medical students and interns	Tertiary care Medical College and Hospital in Chennai	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	April to June 2020.	307	146	Moderate risk
Sridevi PN et al., 2022 [ ]	NA	CRRI’s of a tertiary care centre, who had completed their COVID duty	Tertiary care centre, Madurai	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)	October 2020 to November 2020.	97	27	Moderate risk

Data synthesis and analysis

In this meta-analysis, to determine the prevalence of depression among medical students, the pooled estimates with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using the random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method) due to high heterogeneity [ 17 ]. The forest plots have been used to determine the prevalence of pooled estimates. The estimation was calculated using MetaXL version 5.3 and an Excel spreadsheet. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The Q and I 2 statistics were used as tests for heterogeneity. Q test with P < 0.10 was considered statistically significant heterogeneity and I 2 >75% was labelled as high heterogeneity [ 18 ]. This review used the Doi plot and the LFK index for publication bias. The double arcsine prevalence was taken as the x-axis for the funnel plot. Arcsine transformation was required with data with extreme values like 0 or 1. Otherwise, the confidence interval for the proportion could include values outside the range of 0 and 1, representing 0% and 100%. The y-axis of the graphic was set to the precision obtained from the inverse of Standard Error (SE). Doi plot and the LFK index for publication bias were used to validate the funnel plot's asymmetries. Values describe the publication bias over ±1 of the LFK index [ 19 ]. Sensitivity analysis was done to indicate the major determinant for the pooled prevalence of depression.

Study Characteristics

The initial search from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar yielded 3297 studies. Only 56 pertinent papers were reviewed for eligibility after removing duplicates based on the screening of titles and abstracts. Out of 56 papers, 19 articles were included in the quantitative synthesis after various publications were excluded for multiple reasons (Figure 1 ).

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Table 1 shows the study characteristics of the included studies comprising study population, study setting, study tool, study period, sample size and number of depressed undergraduate students along with ROB [ 20 - 38 ].

The Pooled Prevalence of Depression

All the selected studies reported the prevalence of depression among medical students using different instruments for assessing depression. The prevalence of depression in the nineteen studies ranged from 16.0% to 100.0%. The pooled prevalence of nineteen studies, [ 20 - 38 ] 50.0% (95% CI: 31.0 to 70.0), was shown in Figure Figure2 2 .

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Object name is cureus-0015-00000033590-i02.jpg

Minimal depression was seen in only four studies, [ 20 , 24 , 28 , 31 ] with a pooled prevalence of 28.0% (95% CI: 20.0 to 37.0) whereas mild depression was found in six studies, [ 24 , 27 - 30 , 34 ] with pooled prevalence of 14.0% (95% CI: 4.0 to 28.0). The pooled prevalence of thirteen studies that have found moderate depression was found to be 15.0% (95% CI: 11.0 to 19.0) [ 20 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 27 - 31 , 33 - 35 , 37 ]. The pooled prevalence of three studies that have found moderately severe depression was found to be 7.0% (95% CI: 3.0 to 12.0) [ 20 , 24 , 31 ]. Severe depression was seen in eleven studies [ 21 , 24 , 25 , 27 - 29 , 31 , 33 - 35 , 37 ] with a pooled prevalence of 5.0% (95% CI: 3.0 to 7.0), and extremely severe depression was found in five studies [ 21 , 25 , 34 , 35 , 37 ] with a pooled prevalence of 5.0% (95% CI: 2.0 to 11.0). Seven studies have seen the depression of undergraduate medical students among males and females. The pooled estimate of depression among the females (pooled prevalence: 38.0%, 95% CI: 20.0 to 58.0) was slightly higher when compared to males (pooled prevalence: 34.0%, 95% CI: 15.0 to 55.0). Subgroup analysis was calculated for the pooled prevalence of depression based on the instruments used for screening depression. It was found that the pooled prevalence of depression was 27.0% (95% CI: 23.0 to 31.0), 99.0% (95% CI: 96.0 to 100.0), and 37.0% (95% CI: 29.0 to 46.0) in Depression Inventory Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale respectively.

Heterogeneity and Publication Bias

The nineteen included studies were analyzed for heterogeneity and publication bias [ 20 - 38 ]. High heterogeneity was found in the analysis with the Q test (p <0.001) and I 2 statistics (I 2 = 99.6%). For publication bias, the Doi plot showed no asymmetry confirming the absence of bias (LFK index = 0.15) (Figure (Figure3 3 .)

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Object name is cureus-0015-00000033590-i03.jpg

Sensitivity Analysis

The effect of each study (i.e. nineteen studies) [ 20 - 41 ] on the pooled prevalence of depression has been analysed by excluding each study step by step using sensitivity analysis (Table (Table2). 2 ). It showed that in eight studies, [ 21 , 23 , 26 - 29 , 36 , 38 ] comparatively the prime determinants of the pooled prevalence of depression among undergraduate medical students and the major source of heterogeneity come from five studies [ 25 , 30 , 34 , 35 , 37 ].

Excluded study	Pooled prevalence (95% CI)	Cochran Q	I2 (95% CI)	p
Chakraborty A et al., 2019 [ ]	0.48 (0.27, 0.69)	4172.34	99.59 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001
Chaudhuri A et al., 2020 [ ]	0.52 (0.31, 0.72)	4046.00	99.58 (99.52, 99.63)	<0.001
Kethawath S et al., 2020 [ ]	0.48 (0.28, 0.69)	4158.46	99.59 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001
Luthra R et al., 2020 [ ]	0.52 (0.31, 0.73)	4089.99	99.58 (99.53, 99.63)	<0.001
Pattnaik A et al., 2020 [ ]	0.46 (0.30, 0.63)	2366.74	99.28 (99.16, 99.38)	<0.001
Prabhakar V et al., 2020 [ ]	0.51 (0.30, 0.71)	4214.12	99.60 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001
Saha R et al., 2020 [ ]	0.52 (0.31, 0.72)	4128.75	99.59 (99.53, 99.64)	<0.001
Vala N et al., 2020 [ ]	0.53 (0.32, 0.73)	3975.10	99.57 (99.51, 99.62)	<0.001
Kukreja S et al., 2021 [ ]	0.52 (0.31, 0.73)	4053.56	99.58 (99.52, 99.63)	<0.001
Lepcha C et al., 2021 [ ]	0.52 (0.31, 0.73)	3962.30	99.57 (99.51, 99.62)	<0.001
Rana S et al., 2021 [ ]	0.50 (0.29, 0.71)	4221.75	99.60 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001
Saumya J et al., 2021 [ ]	0.46 (0.28, 0.65)	2999.85	99.43 (99.35, 99.51)	<0.001
Solanki HK et al., 2021 [ ]	0.51 (0.30, 0.72)	4122.34	99.59 (99.53, 99.64)	<0.001
Tomy C et al., 2021 [ ]	0.51 (0.30, 0.72)	4066.55	99.58 (99.53, 99.63)	<0.001
Waghmare P et al., 2021 [ ]	0.50 (0.29, 0.71)	4220.50	99.60 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001
Lalithamma A et al., 2022 [ ]	0.51 (0.30, 0.72)	4207.63	99.60 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001
Mishra J et al., 2022 [ ]	0.52 (0.31, 0.72)	4117.93	99.59 (99.53, 99.64)	<0.001
Sasidharan A et al., 2022 [ ]	0.51 (0.30, 0.72)	4199.21	99.60 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001
Sridevi PN et al., 2022 [ ]	0.52 (0.31, 0.72)	4177.43	99.59 (99.54, 99.64)	<0.001

Although it is of global public health concern, depression among medical students is still under-recognized and the associated discrimination and stigma deter most of the students from seeking help. Research done among medical students even before the pandemic were showing higher rates of depression and physical distress in comparison to the general population [ 3 - 9 ]. COVID pandemic may have further declined the mental health of all individuals, especially medical students.

This is one of the few systematic reviews and meta-analyses on medical trainees which has ventured into exploring the prevalence of depression amidst the COVID pandemic. It has incorporated 19 original articles published from 2019 to 2022 from medical colleges situated in different regions of India. These articles used various standard screening instruments such as Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for screening depression. The pooled prevalence of depression among medical students (n=5944) was found to be 50.0% [95% CI: (31%-70%] based on a random effect model pertaining to high heterogeneity [Q test (p <0.001) and I2 = 99.6%]; the depression calculated in the various studies ranged from 16.0% to 100.0%. This pooled prevalence is higher than the pooled prevalence value of 40%, which was done before the COVID pandemic, as mentioned in a meta-analysis conducted by Dwivedi N et al. [ 11 ] In Jia Q et al. study, a meta-analysis done in 41 studies among medical students from different countries showed a high pooled prevalence of depression of 37.9% among the students. Comparatively, this meta-analysis has shown a higher prevalence among Indian medical undergraduates, slightly higher in female students [ 10 ]. This variation of the depression may reflect the trend of higher rates of depression in females in the general population [ 42 ]. The severity of depression has also been measured in various studies, though it is not uniform throughout the studies as different screening tools had different cut off for measuring depression. The pooled prevalence of depression in this review varied from 27.0% to 99.0% when stratified based on the study tools. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale was the most commonly used scale among the studies, followed by Patient Health Questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory.

According to this meta-analysis, one out of two students was found to have some degree of depression which is a concerning number. The prevalence has increased during the COVID pandemic compared to the prevalence before the pandemic since the pandemic itself may have a negative impact on the mental health of the students [ 11 ]. Further, it was also stated that it would increase the burden of depression in South Asian populations and healthcare systems [ 2 ]. There have been multiple explanations behind depression among medical students such as the challenging medical curriculum, lack of sleep and recreational activities due to vast academic tasks given, transition from a familiar to a non-familiar situation, lack of communication skills, etc. Several strategies can be implemented at different levels like changing the grading system, setting clear learning objectives to decrease academic burden, incorporating team-based learning and group activities rather than following traditional didactic lectures, self-directed learning so that students are aware of their shortcomings and promoting professionalism and communication skills for dealing patients properly. This pandemic had led to online teaching of medical students, [ 43 ] further, the effects of social distancing and self-isolation could have made the students more vulnerable to depression and anxiety [ 44 ]. This global health concern can also be taken care of using evidence-based structured programmes for mental upliftment like mindfulness therapy, life skill training, and counselling sessions can be kept for the students [ 45 , 46 ].

Strengths and limitations

The strengths of this study are that it has no asymmetry in the doi plot and is one of the few meta-analyses which has investigated the pooled prevalence of depression among the undergraduate students in India. Despite the strengths, this study has a few limitations like high heterogeneity and there might be a possibility of overestimation of the prevalence of depression because pooled prevalence has been calculated based on screening instruments and in various studies which are self-reporting and does not involve any clinical diagnosis.

Conclusions

The high prevalence of depression among medical students demands regular screening for depression along with counselling services. It shows that there is a need to raise awareness among students and other stakeholders, such as parents and medical educators, concerning symptoms and signs of depression among medical students. Further, effective strategies with health education programs and interventions may be given at individual, family, and community levels for providing mental health services to undergraduate medical students. Research with large sample sizes and multicentric longitudinal research is needed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for depression among medical students in India.

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Dr. Radhika Rajendran, B.tech, PhD., Assistant Professor, Madhav Institute of Science and Technology, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, for her valuable inputs.

PUBMED Search Number Query Search Details Results Time 1 Depression[MeSH Major Topic] "depressive disorder"[MeSH Major Topic] OR "depression"[MeSH Major Topic] 1,69,666 05:44:04 2 medical students[MeSH Major Topic] "students, medical"[MeSH Major Topic] 30,170 05:44:23 3 undergraduate medical students[MeSH Major Topic] ("undergraduate"[All Fields] OR "undergraduate s"[All Fields] OR "undergraduated"[All Fields] OR "undergraduates"[All Fields]) AND "students, medical"[MeSH Major Topic] 9,541 05:44:48 4 medical undergraduate[MeSH Major Topic] - Schema: all medical undergraduate[MeSH Major Topic] 0 05:45:14 5 medical undergraduate[MeSH Major Topic] medical undergraduate[MeSH Major Topic] 0 05:45:14 6 MBBS students[MeSH Major Topic] "MBBS"[All Fields] AND "students"[MeSH Major Topic] 240 05:45:27 7 India "india"[MeSH Terms] OR "india"[All Fields] OR "india s"[All Fields] OR "indias"[All Fields] 7,00,856 05:48:56 8 (((Depression[MeSH Major Topic]) AND ((medical students[MeSH Major Topic])) OR (undergraduate medical students[MeSH Major Topic])) OR (MBBS students[MeSH Major Topic])) (("depressive disorder"[MeSH Major Topic] OR "depression"[MeSH Major Topic]) AND "students, medical"[MeSH Major Topic]) OR (("undergraduate"[All Fields] OR "undergraduate s"[All Fields] OR "undergraduated"[All Fields] OR "undergraduates"[All Fields]) AND "students, medical"[MeSH Major Topic]) OR ("MBBS"[All Fields] AND "students"[MeSH Major Topic]) 9,937 05:49:56 9 ((((Depression[MeSH Major Topic]) AND ((medical students[MeSH Major Topic])) OR (undergraduate medical students[MeSH Major Topic])) OR (MBBS students[MeSH Major Topic]))) AND (India) ((("depressive disorder"[MeSH Major Topic] OR "depression"[MeSH Major Topic]) AND "students, medical"[MeSH Major Topic]) OR (("undergraduate"[All Fields] OR "undergraduate s"[All Fields] OR "undergraduated"[All Fields] OR "undergraduates"[All Fields]) AND "students, medical"[MeSH Major Topic]) OR ("MBBS"[All Fields] AND "students"[MeSH Major Topic])) AND ("india"[MeSH Terms] OR "india"[All Fields] OR "india s"[All Fields] OR "indias"[All Fields]) 337 05:56:28

SCOPUS Search number Query Results 1 ALL ( depression ) 1944890 2 ALL ( "medical students" ) 212220 3 ALL ( "mbbs students" ) 1107 4 ALL ( "undergraduate medical students" ) 10871 5 ALL ( "medical undergraduates" ) 27990 6 ALL ( "india" ) 4137884 7 ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical students" ) ) 26372 8 ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "mbbs students" ) ) 170170 9 ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "undergraduate medical students" ) ) 1705 10 ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical undergraduates" ) ) 1413 11 ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "mbbs students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "undergraduate medical students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical undergraduates" ) ) ) 26596 12 ( ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "mbbs students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "undergraduate medical students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical undergraduates" ) ) ) ) AND ( ALL ( "india" ) ) 3306 13 ( ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "mbbs students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "undergraduate medical students" ) ) ) OR ( ( ALL ( depression ) ) AND ( ALL ( "medical undergraduates" ) ) ) ) AND ( ALL ( "india" ) ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( DOCTYPE , "ar" ) ) 2511

Google scholar allintitle: medical students depression 449

The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research and reference purposes. Additionally, articles published within Cureus should not be deemed a suitable substitute for the advice of a qualified health care professional. Do not disregard or avoid professional medical advice due to content published within Cureus.

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Research Topics & Ideas: Finance

120+ Finance Research Topic Ideas To Fast-Track Your Project

If you’re just starting out exploring potential research topics for your finance-related dissertation, thesis or research project, you’ve come to the right place. In this post, we’ll help kickstart your research topic ideation process by providing a hearty list of finance-centric research topics and ideas.

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Corporate finance topics
Investment banking topics
Private equity & VC
Asset management
Hedge funds
Financial planning & advisory
Quantitative finance
Treasury management
Financial technology (FinTech)
Commercial banking
International finance

Corporate Finance

These research topic ideas explore a breadth of issues ranging from the examination of capital structure to the exploration of financial strategies in mergers and acquisitions.

Evaluating the impact of capital structure on firm performance across different industries
Assessing the effectiveness of financial management practices in emerging markets
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Examining how integrating sustainability and CSR initiatives affect a corporation’s financial performance and brand reputation
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A comparative analysis of financing strategies among mergers and acquisitions
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Investigating the role of financial flexibility in strategic investment decisions during economic downturns
Investigating how different dividend policies affect shareholder value and the firm’s financial performance

Investment Banking

The list below presents a series of research topics exploring the multifaceted dimensions of investment banking, with a particular focus on its evolution following the 2008 financial crisis.

Analysing the evolution and impact of regulatory frameworks in investment banking post-2008 financial crisis
Investigating the challenges and opportunities associated with cross-border M&As facilitated by investment banks.
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Analysing the transformation brought about by digital technologies in the delivery of investment banking services and its effects on efficiency and client satisfaction.
Evaluating the role of investment banks in promoting sustainable finance and the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria in investment decisions.
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Examining the effectiveness of investment banks in pricing and marketing IPOs, and the subsequent performance of these IPOs in the stock market.
A comparative analysis of different risk management strategies employed by investment banks
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Assessing the performance and return on investment of different exit strategies employed by venture capital firms
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Analysing the role of venture capital in fostering innovation and entrepreneurship
Evaluating the exit strategies of private equity firms: A comparative analysis
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Asset Management

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Analysing the effectiveness of different asset allocation strategies in diverse economic environments
Analysing the methodologies and effectiveness of performance attribution in asset management firms
Assessing the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria on fund performance
Examining the role of robo-advisors in modern asset management
Evaluating how advancements in technology are reshaping portfolio management strategies within asset management firms
Evaluating the performance persistence of mutual funds and hedge funds
Investigating the long-term performance of portfolios managed with ethical or socially responsible investing principles
Investigating the behavioural biases in individual and institutional investment decisions
Examining the asset allocation strategies employed by pension funds and their impact on long-term fund performance
Assessing the operational efficiency of asset management firms and its correlation with fund performance

Hedge Funds

Here we explore research topics related to hedge fund operations and strategies, including their implications on corporate governance, financial market stability, and regulatory compliance among other critical facets.

Assessing the impact of hedge fund activism on corporate governance and financial performance
Analysing the effectiveness and implications of market-neutral strategies employed by hedge funds
Investigating how different fee structures impact the performance and investor attraction to hedge funds
Evaluating the contribution of hedge funds to financial market liquidity and the implications for market stability
Analysing the risk-return profile of hedge fund strategies during financial crises
Evaluating the influence of regulatory changes on hedge fund operations and performance
Examining the level of transparency and disclosure practices in the hedge fund industry and its impact on investor trust and regulatory compliance
Assessing the contribution of hedge funds to systemic risk in financial markets, and the effectiveness of regulatory measures in mitigating such risks
Examining the role of hedge funds in financial market stability
Investigating the determinants of hedge fund success: A comparative analysis

Financial Planning and Advisory

This list explores various research topic ideas related to financial planning, focusing on the effects of financial literacy, the adoption of digital tools, taxation policies, and the role of financial advisors.

Evaluating the impact of financial literacy on individual financial planning effectiveness
Analysing how different taxation policies influence financial planning strategies among individuals and businesses
Evaluating the effectiveness and user adoption of digital tools in modern financial planning practices
Investigating the adequacy of long-term financial planning strategies in ensuring retirement security
Assessing the role of financial education in shaping financial planning behaviour among different demographic groups
Examining the impact of psychological biases on financial planning and decision-making, and strategies to mitigate these biases
Assessing the behavioural factors influencing financial planning decisions
Examining the role of financial advisors in managing retirement savings
A comparative analysis of traditional versus robo-advisory in financial planning
Investigating the ethics of financial advisory practices

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The following list delves into research topics within the insurance sector, touching on the technological transformations, regulatory shifts, and evolving consumer behaviours among other pivotal aspects.

Analysing the impact of technology adoption on insurance pricing and risk management
Analysing the influence of Insurtech innovations on the competitive dynamics and consumer choices in insurance markets
Investigating the factors affecting consumer behaviour in insurance product selection and the role of digital channels in influencing decisions
Assessing the effect of regulatory changes on insurance product offerings
Examining the determinants of insurance penetration in emerging markets
Evaluating the operational efficiency of claims management processes in insurance companies and its impact on customer satisfaction
Examining the evolution and effectiveness of risk assessment models used in insurance underwriting and their impact on pricing and coverage
Evaluating the role of insurance in financial stability and economic development
Investigating the impact of climate change on insurance models and products
Exploring the challenges and opportunities in underwriting cyber insurance in the face of evolving cyber threats and regulations

Quantitative Finance

These topic ideas span the development of asset pricing models, evaluation of machine learning algorithms, and the exploration of ethical implications among other pivotal areas.

Developing and testing new quantitative models for asset pricing
Analysing the effectiveness and limitations of machine learning algorithms in predicting financial market movements
Assessing the effectiveness of various risk management techniques in quantitative finance
Evaluating the advancements in portfolio optimisation techniques and their impact on risk-adjusted returns
Evaluating the impact of high-frequency trading on market efficiency and stability
Investigating the influence of algorithmic trading strategies on market efficiency and liquidity
Examining the risk parity approach in asset allocation and its effectiveness in different market conditions
Examining the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in quantitative financial analysis
Investigating the ethical implications of quantitative financial innovations
Assessing the profitability and market impact of statistical arbitrage strategies considering different market microstructures

Treasury Management

The following topic ideas explore treasury management, focusing on modernisation through technological advancements, the impact on firm liquidity, and the intertwined relationship with corporate governance among other crucial areas.

Analysing the impact of treasury management practices on firm liquidity and profitability
Analysing the role of automation in enhancing operational efficiency and strategic decision-making in treasury management
Evaluating the effectiveness of various cash management strategies in multinational corporations
Investigating the potential of blockchain technology in streamlining treasury operations and enhancing transparency
Examining the role of treasury management in mitigating financial risks
Evaluating the accuracy and effectiveness of various cash flow forecasting techniques employed in treasury management
Assessing the impact of technological advancements on treasury management operations
Examining the effectiveness of different foreign exchange risk management strategies employed by treasury managers in multinational corporations
Assessing the impact of regulatory compliance requirements on the operational and strategic aspects of treasury management
Investigating the relationship between treasury management and corporate governance

Financial Technology (FinTech)

The following research topic ideas explore the transformative potential of blockchain, the rise of open banking, and the burgeoning landscape of peer-to-peer lending among other focal areas.

Evaluating the impact of blockchain technology on financial services
Investigating the implications of open banking on consumer data privacy and financial services competition
Assessing the role of FinTech in financial inclusion in emerging markets
Analysing the role of peer-to-peer lending platforms in promoting financial inclusion and their impact on traditional banking systems
Examining the cybersecurity challenges faced by FinTech firms and the regulatory measures to ensure data protection and financial stability
Examining the regulatory challenges and opportunities in the FinTech ecosystem
Assessing the impact of artificial intelligence on the delivery of financial services, customer experience, and operational efficiency within FinTech firms
Analysing the adoption and impact of cryptocurrencies on traditional financial systems
Investigating the determinants of success for FinTech startups

Commercial Banking

These topic ideas span commercial banking, encompassing digital transformation, support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and the evolving regulatory and competitive landscape among other key themes.

Assessing the impact of digital transformation on commercial banking services and competitiveness
Analysing the impact of digital transformation on customer experience and operational efficiency in commercial banking
Evaluating the role of commercial banks in supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Investigating the effectiveness of credit risk management practices and their impact on bank profitability and financial stability
Examining the relationship between commercial banking practices and financial stability
Evaluating the implications of open banking frameworks on the competitive landscape and service innovation in commercial banking
Assessing how regulatory changes affect lending practices and risk appetite of commercial banks
Examining how commercial banks are adapting their strategies in response to competition from FinTech firms and changing consumer preferences
Analysing the impact of regulatory compliance on commercial banking operations
Investigating the determinants of customer satisfaction and loyalty in commercial banking

International Finance

The folowing research topic ideas are centred around international finance and global economic dynamics, delving into aspects like exchange rate fluctuations, international financial regulations, and the role of international financial institutions among other pivotal areas.

Analysing the determinants of exchange rate fluctuations and their impact on international trade
Analysing the influence of global trade agreements on international financial flows and foreign direct investments
Evaluating the effectiveness of international portfolio diversification strategies in mitigating risks and enhancing returns
Evaluating the role of international financial institutions in global financial stability
Investigating the role and implications of offshore financial centres on international financial stability and regulatory harmonisation
Examining the impact of global financial crises on emerging market economies
Examining the challenges and regulatory frameworks associated with cross-border banking operations
Assessing the effectiveness of international financial regulations
Investigating the challenges and opportunities of cross-border mergers and acquisitions

Choosing A Research Topic

These finance-related research topic ideas are starting points to guide your thinking. They are intentionally very broad and open-ended. By engaging with the currently literature in your field of interest, you’ll be able to narrow down your focus to a specific research gap .

When choosing a topic , you’ll need to take into account its originality, relevance, feasibility, and the resources you have at your disposal. Make sure to align your interest and expertise in the subject with your university program’s specific requirements. Always consult your academic advisor to ensure that your chosen topic not only meets the academic criteria but also provides a valuable contribution to the field.

If you need a helping hand, feel free to check out our private coaching service here.

thank you for suggest those topic, I want to ask you about the subjects related to the fintech, can i measure it and how?

Please guide me on selecting research titles

I am doing financial engineering. , can you please help me choose a dissertation topic?

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50+ Law Dissertation Topics for Students 2024

Manali Ganguly ,

Mar 4, 2024

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The law dissertation topics that are most important for the law-students in 2024 are environmental law, family law, tort, labour law, medical law, intellectual property, criminal law, and tax law among others.

50+ Law Dissertation Topics for Students 2024

The law dissertation topics for law students include criminal law, labour law, intellectual property, family law, constitutional law, IT law, and a lot more. These topics can be taken up for writing a dissertation paper on law.

A dissertation implies making thorough research work on a topic and presenting the arguments in support of that. The students who are planning to get their BA LLB or masters or PhD must understand the importance of a dissertation. They can do just the law dissertation topics only when they have an understanding of it. This article will share a list of law dissertation topics that will help the students with their papers.

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13 Top Research Opportunities for High School Students in India

The top research programs in India for high school students, selected based on prestige, location, and affordability. See research opportunities in other states here .

Hosting Institution

Online/In Person

Starting at $2695

Application Deadline

Aug 15, 2024

Neuroscience, Biology, Psychol...

Polygence is an online research program designed to offer high school students accessible research opportunities, making them more inclusive. The program was created by researchers from Harvard, MIT, and Stanford and provides tailored research projects, allowing students to explore their interests, acquire professional skills, and increase their competitiveness for college admissions.

PROMYS India

Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru

Bengaluru Karnataka

Apr 1, 2024

Mathematics

A challenging six-week residential mathematics summer programme, PROMYS India is open to mathematically talented secondary and higher secondary students (Standards IX - XII or equivalent). Meticulously selected students from across India will gather on the campus of the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru to immerse themselves in rigorous mathematics.

Summer Outreach Camp IISER Bhopal

IISER Bhopal

Bhauri (Bhopal)

No deadline

Engineering

The camp aims to enable the participants to understand the central role of science in society. This camp will introduce participants to fascinating topics in natural and engineering sciences through lectures and hands-on laboratory exercises. This exposure will be supplemented with critical perspectives from Humanities and Social Sciences. Additionally, there will be fun activities through which the participants can interact with the senior students.

RAM TP 2023 Residential Camp

Chennai Mathematical Institute

Raising A Mathematician Foundation (RAM) has been running a highly sought-out, free, 1-week residential math camp for up to 100 kids between the ages of 13 to 15, across India called 'Raising A Mathematician Training Program' (RAM TP). This year, the camp will be conducted at Chennai Mathematical Institute, Chennai. The participants get exposed to a wide spectrum of topics in Mathematics and the sessions are oriented towards building a research mentality in students. You can learn more about the program here.

Indian Space Research Organisation

Indian Space Research Organisation is organising a special programme for School Children called "Young Scientist Programme" "YUva VIgyani KAryakram”, YUVIKA, to impart basic knowledge on Space Technology, Space Science and Space Applications to the younger students in emerging trends in space science and technology amongst the youngsters, who are the future building blocks of our nation. ISRO has chalked out this programme to "Catch them young". The programme is also expected to encourage more students to pursue in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) based research /career

Amity University Summer School Program

Amity University

May 30, 2024

Amity University Summer School (AUSS) is an innovative program offering high school students a unique experience from June 10th to June 21st, 2024, in Delhi NCR, Noida. Modeled after leading global universities like Harvard and Stanford, AUSS provides insight into university life and helps students make informed career choices. With over 100 schools from India and abroad participating, AUSS offers practical learning techniques for self-discovery. The program focuses on artificial intelligence and engineering research, combining hands-on activities with academic enrichment. Participants also benefit from industry exposure through a Summer Internship Program, engaging with professionals and exploring cutting-edge topics.

The Symbiosis Summer School Experience

Symbiosis Summer School

Maharastra, India

Apr 29, 2024

Data Science

The Symbiosis Summer School (SSS) provides 10th, 11th, and 12th grade students with clarity amid academic choices post-12th grade. It offers insights into various disciplines, career prospects, and essential skill sets. With innovative teaching methods and intercultural exposure, the program fosters holistic development. Founded on the principles of inclusivity and international understanding, SSS aims to prepare students for higher education and future careers. Through participatory learning and experiential classroom environments, students explore new interests, appreciate cultural diversity, and forge lasting friendships. Join SSS for a transformative educational experience, bridging the gap between academic decisions and professional success.

Aspire India Scholars Programme

Jindal Global University

Delhi, India

Social Science

The Aspire India Scholars Programme (AISP) offers a transformative 10-day experience for high school students transitioning to higher education. Held at O.P. Jindal Global University, the program combines thematic workshops, skills development sessions, and career exploration opportunities. Through experiential learning, students gain insights into diverse academic domains and career pathways, aided by interactions with accomplished professionals. They participate in projects to apply newfound knowledge and skills, culminating in presentations. Evenings are filled with engaging activities to foster camaraderie and talent showcase. AISP, in partnership with JGU, provides a rigorous yet enriching educational journey, equipping students with the tools for success in higher studies and beyond.

FLAME University Summer Immersion Program

FLAME University

Haryana, India

Jun 9, 2024

The FLAME University Summer Immersion Program (FUSIP) 2024 offers high school students a hands-on experience of liberal education. Through interdisciplinary courses emphasizing critical thinking and engagement with diverse perspectives, students develop skills vital for college and beyond. The program covers topics like psychology, public policy, technology, and arts, fostering personal growth and social awareness. Led by experienced faculty, FUSIP incorporates immersive experiences such as field visits and outdoor activities to complement classroom learning. Open to students in grades 9-12, FUSIP aims to cultivate well-rounded individuals equipped with essential life skills and a competitive edge for higher education.

IISER Bhopal's Summer Outreach Camp

Bhopal, India

Apr 4, 2024

Environmental Science

The Summer Outreach Camp at IISER Bhopal offers a week-long opportunity for high school students to delve into the world of science and society. Through engaging lectures and hands-on laboratory exercises, participants explore a diverse range of topics in natural and engineering sciences, complemented by insights from the humanities and social sciences. The program aims to ignite curiosity and foster a deeper understanding of the central role of science in society. By combining theoretical knowledge with practical applications, students develop problem-solving skills and gain valuable insights into the broader impacts of scientific advancements. Interactions with faculty members and senior students provide a platform for meaningful discussions and mentorship, facilitating personal and social growth. The camp also emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and critical thinking, preparing students for future endeavors in the field of science and beyond. Overall, the Summer Outreach Camp at IISER Bhopal offers a stimulating and enriching learning experience that inspires young minds to explore the wonders of science and its relevance in shaping our world.

Ashoka's Young Scholars Programme

Ashoka University

Apr 20, 2024

Ashoka's Young Scholars Programme (YSP) offers diverse, interdisciplinary summer sessions for high school students (grades 9-12). The program aims to provide a liberal arts and sciences education experience at the university level. YSP 2024 offers five streams: Foundation, Frontiers of Science, Tech, Data & Computer Science, Economics, Policy & Society, and Entrepreneurship, Leadership & Impact. Each stream offers hands-on learning, workshops, and interactions with leading faculty and industry experts. Additionally, there's an option for an advanced 10-day program combining Foundation with another stream. YSP prepares students for college and beyond through a blend of theoretical knowledge and experiential learning across various disciplines.

Plaksha University’s Young Technology Scholars (YTS)

Plashka University

Punjab, India

Young Technology Scholars (YTS) is a dynamic two-week summer program designed to cultivate the next generation of problem solvers and innovators. Through immersive hands-on learning and interdisciplinary coursework, students engage in real-world engineering challenges. YTS aims to nurture a mindset of curiosity and resilience, empowering students to become adept tinkerers and creative thinkers. Participants develop skills in leveraging technology to address complex global issues, fostering a deep-seated motivation to tackle society's most pressing problems. Led by expert instructors, YTS fosters an environment where students explore, experiment, and collaborate, ultimately instilling in them the confidence and determination to navigate the frontiers of technology and innovation.

Doon School's Summer at Doon Program

The Doon School

Dehradun, India

INR 1,80,000

Mar 30, 2024

The Doon School's Summer at Doon Leadership Program offers a transformative two-week experience fostering leadership skills and action-oriented thinking for enterprising boys and girls. Set in Dehradun's Chandbagh Estate, the program provides a supportive environment with experienced faculty and top facilities. Through hands-on learning and collaborative projects, participants are empowered to make a positive impact, promising personal growth, lasting friendships, and opportunities for unlocking one's potential.

What is a Research Project?

Research projects involve conducting in-depth investigations on a specific subject matter, which presents an excellent opportunity for high school students to explore their interests, enhance their critical thinking and analytical abilities, as well as showcase their dedication and concentration, which can positively impact their chances of being accepted into college.

Why Do Research as a High School Student in India?

Over the years, many college admissions experts have seen that conducting research can drive strong results. Data from Harvard suggests that students that have demonstrated a history of “substantial scholarship or academic creativity”, including conducting independent research, have a much greater chance of gaining admission. In fact, 95% of students who completed our program were admitted to R1 universities. More importantly, Research allow students to pursue their passions, which helps develop self-esteem and leads to a variety of positive mental health outcomes .

Are there many Research Opportunities for High School Students in India?

there are many research opportunities for high school students in India. The country's rich scientific heritage and thriving academic institutions offer numerous avenues for students to engage in research and scientific exploration.

Several universities and research institutions in India have programs specifically designed for high school students. These programs provide opportunities for students to work alongside researchers and faculty members, gaining hands-on experience in various fields such as biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and computer science.

In addition to university programs, there are national and regional science competitions and fairs that encourage high school students to showcase their research projects. These competitions, such as the Indian Science and Engineering Fair (INSEF) and the National Children's Science Congress (NCSC), provide platforms for students to present their work and compete for recognition and scholarships.

What research opportunities are available in other countries?

For a full set of research opportunity listings, see our guide to research opportunities for high school students .

Want to start a project of your own?

Click below to get matched with one of our expert mentors who can help take your project off the ground!

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How Budget 2024 makes ‘Study in India’ more attractive

The Union Budget announced by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Tuesday has allocated loans of up to Rs 10 lakh for higher education in domestic institutions. Here’s how the students will benefit read more

The Budget 2024 has good news for students wanting to pursue higher education in India. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Tuesday (July 23) announced several allocations for the education sector, including easing financial support to students.

This was Sitharaman’s seventh straight budget and the first of the third National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government. Let’s take a look at what the budget offers for the education sector.

Higher education loans

To ensure better participation in higher education, the Centre will provide education loans to students.

Sitharaman has announced loans of up to Rs 10 lakh for higher education in domestic institutions. Youths uncovered by any benefit under government schemes and policies will be eligible for this financial support.

The government will issue e-vouchers to one lakh students every year, offering an interest subvention of three per cent of the loan amount.

This will lower the interest rates on education loans, reducing the financial burden on students.

“The three per cent interest subsidy will reduce the overall cost of the loan for students, making higher education more affordable and decreasing the long-term financial burden on them. While this initiative encourages students to study in domestic institutions, it will potentially improve the quality and reputation of local universities and colleges as well,” Professor Manojranjan Nayak, founder president of Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Odisha, told Times of India (TOI).

The newspaper noted that grants for central universities have been increased by more than Rs 4,000 crore to Rs 15,928 crore for 2024-25.

The government’s push for making higher education affordable in India comes at a time when the cost of studying abroad has steadily risen over the years. India is among the top sources of students going overseas for higher education. With improvement in the quality of education back home, students will have the option to stay and pursue higher education here instead of travelling abroad.

ALSO READ : Union Budget 2024: Should you pick new tax regime? How can you save Rs 17,500 in income tax every year?

Other announcements

Sitharaman’s budget focuses on enhancing the skills of youth, which would boost their employment prospects and help them enter the workforce.

The finance minister said the government will launch a scheme to provide internship opportunities in top 500 companies to one crore youth in five years. “An internship allowance of Rs 5,000 per month along with a one-time assistance of Rs 6,000 will be provided,” Sitharaman announced.

The training cost and 10 per cent of the internship cost will be borne by companies from their corporate social responsibility (CSR) funds.

The Centre will revise the Model Skill Loan Scheme to “facilitate loans up to Rs 7.5 lakh with a guarantee from a government-promoted fund.” As per the budget speech, this would benefit 25,000 students annually.

The government has also decided to build new medical colleges in Bihar.

The Centre will provide skills to 20 lakh youth over five years by upgrading 1,000 Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs). “Course content and design will be aligned to the skill needs of industry, and new courses will be introduced for emerging needs,” FM Sitharaman announced.

The budget for the ‘Establishment of 3 Centres of Excellence (CoEs) in Artificial Intelligence (AI)’ has been increased from Rs 35 crore to Rs 255 crore, highlighting the government focus on technology-driven education.

According to the TOI report, the Centre has significantly enhanced allocation for the PM Poshan scheme, from Rs 11,600 crore in 2023-24 to Rs 12,467.4 crore in 2024-25. This will help to meet the nutritional needs of school children.

Union Education Minister has hailed the budget, calling it a “win-win for all stakeholders—students, academia, and industry". “This is going to fulfil the aspirations of our youth, empower people with more livelihood opportunities, increase accessibility to quality education and skills, and create over 4.1 crore new jobs in the next five years,” the minister reportedly said.

He also pointed out that the budget has allocated Rs 1.48 lakh crore to education, employment, and skilling.

Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan ( @dpradhanbjp ) hailed Budget 2024-25 as pivotal milestone on India's path to becoming a developed nation by 2047 Prioritizing education, skilling, employment generation, research, and innovation, the Budget paves way for strengthening… — PIB India (@PIB_India) July 24, 2024

Pradhan said that “prioritising education, skilling, employment generation, research, and innovation like never before, the Budget for Viksit Bharat paves the way for strengthening Bharat’s credentials as the talent basket, skill hub, and solution provider for the world.”

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Studying abroad and the burden of tcs, visual stories.

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Top 300+ Research Topics For College Students In 2023
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Research Paper Topics for Students in India
Research Paper Topics for Students in India, Top 50 Research Paper Topic Ideas for 2019, list of research topics, research topics in education ... The Future of Work: Skills Every College Student Should Develop June 25, 2024. Cool Student Startups and How to Start Your Own June 18, 2024. Stucred Empowering community by easy loan app for ...
Ultimate List of 265 Research Topics for College Students
These are 20 potential topics for your research in the music industry: The effect of music on a human brain. The evolution of rap music. TikTok as the most efficient promotional channel for new music. The origin of music theory. The music industry and information technology.
Improving Mental Health on College Campuses ...
Such research is especially important in LMICs, such as India. India enrolls 36.6 million college students (Government of India, 2018), and the prevalence of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety among Indian college students ranges from 38% to 60% (Deb et al., 2016, Sahoo and Khess, 2010).
170+ Research Topics In Education (+ Free Webinar)
The impact of poverty on education. The use of student data to inform instruction. The role of parental involvement in education. The effects of mindfulness practices in the classroom. The use of technology in the classroom. The role of critical thinking in education.
Top 30+ Research Topics for MCA Students in Varanasi
Data Science and Big Data: Mobile App Development: Cloud Computing: Software Testing and Quality Assurance: Industry 4.0: Open Source Technologies: Digital Transformation: Are you looking for cutting-edge research topics as a student pursuing MCA in Varanasi? In this article, we've curated a list of over 30 trending research topics tailored ...
90+ Dissertation Topics for Students in 2023
The final step in a PhD or Master's course is the submission of a dissertation.A dissertation is a research paper that summarises the research conducted and includes findings either on a question or a topic chosen by the student. It is important as it demonstrates a student's knowledge of the subject and ability to use research methods to define a topic.
Indian higher education and youth mental health: Challenges and
According to the 2018-2019 All India Survey on Higher Education, there are 993 universities and an average of 28 colleges per lakh of the eligible youth population. About 37.4 million youth are enrolled in institutes of higher education in India. This scenario presents both opportunities and challenges for addressing youth mental health needs ...
Education in India
The market size of the education sector in India was estimated to grow to 225 billion U.S. dollars, with the ed-tech market expected to reach over 10 billion U.S. dollars by 2025. Show more.
A case for college mental health services
The higher rates of suicide among college students also correlate with mental illness 6. Worldwide, the annual rates for suicidal ideations, plans and attempts among college students have been estimated to be 16, 3 and 1.2 per cent, respectively 6. In 2018, as many as 10,000 student suicides have been reported in our country 7.
80 Indian Culture Essay Topic Ideas & Examples
Indian Cultures the "White Man" Tried to Remove. The hair in the Indian culture is therefore connected to the character trait of basing a culture on symbols. The fourth Indian culture, the "white man," also tried to steal from the Indians their attire. The Cultural Misappropriation of the Cleveland Indians.
List of Political Science Research Topics 2024
Also Check: 100+ Speech Topics for College Students. 4. Political Science Research Topics on Public Administration. Research topics in public administration include the critical analysis of government policies, public organisations, and the bureaucracy. Here are political science research topics in the field of public administration:
113 Great Research Paper Topics
General Education. One of the hardest parts of writing a research paper can be just finding a good topic to write about. Fortunately we've done the hard work for you and have compiled a list of 113 interesting research paper topics. They've been organized into ten categories and cover a wide range of subjects so you can easily find the best ...
India's Higher Education Landscape
India's higher education landscape is a mix of progress and challenges. Its scope is vast: 1,043 universities, 42,343 colleges, and 11,779 stand-alone institutions make it one of the largest higher education sectors in the world, according to the latest (2019-20) All India Survey of Higher Education Report (AISHE 2019-20).
Top 24 Commerce Project Topics & Ideas in 2024 [For Freshers]
This makes a SWOT analysis a valuable asset for any research topics for commerce students or bcom project topics aiming to tackle these issues. 14. A Study of Joint Ventures ... If you attended school or college in India, you will have first-hand experience of the ills that plague the system. Some of the reasons for this are: Absence of a ...
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Research Ideas: Clinical Psychology. The use of mindfulness-based approaches in the treatment of anxiety disorders among college students. The use of technology in the delivery of psychological services in war-torn countries. The effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy for borderline personality disorder.
A List Of Original Indian History Topic Ideas For Students
15 Graduate Dissertation Topics About Indian History. This list of dissertation topics on Indian History is perfect for students at the college or graduate-level. They are ideas developed by a team of professional writers and editors and are completely free to use and modify in any way you deem fit for your specific assignment:
Projects
About the Project Since September 2022, the National Law School of India University (NLSIU) is participating in a three-year long research project titled 'Pluralist Agreement and Constitutional Transformation' (PACT). This project is funded by the….
Prevalence of Depression Among Undergraduate Medical Students in India
Research with large sample sizes and multicentric longitudinal research is needed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for depression among medical students in India. Acknowledgments The authors are thankful to Dr. Radhika Rajendran, B.tech, PhD., Assistant Professor, Madhav Institute of Science and Technology, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh ...
[100+] COMMERCE Research Topics For College Students With Free [Thesis
COMMERCE Research Topics For Students. Sr. No. Research Topic. Check Thesis. 1. Institutional finance for industrial development in India a study of the role of development banks. Click Here. 2. Accounting and financial control in Panchayat system in West Bengal A case study of Nadia District.
10 Best Online Websites and Resources for Academic Research
2. JSTOR. For journal articles, books, images, and even primary sources, JSTOR ranks among the best online resources for academic research. JSTOR's collection spans 75 disciplines, with strengths in the humanities and social sciences. The academic research database includes complete runs of over 2,800 journals.
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This list explores various research topic ideas related to financial planning, focusing on the effects of financial literacy, the adoption of digital tools, taxation policies, and the role of financial advisors. Evaluating the impact of financial literacy on individual financial planning effectiveness.
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Also Check: Top 9 IPU Law Colleges in India. Corporate Law Dissertation Topics. Corporate law can be said to be a set of laws that control the formation, governance and management of a corporation. There is a set of interesting corporate law dissertation topics that the students can work on. They are:
13 Top Research Opportunities for High School Students in India
Summary. Indian Space Research Organisation is organising a special programme for School Children called "Young Scientist Programme" "YUva VIgyani KAryakram", YUVIKA, to impart basic knowledge on Space Technology, Space Science and Space Applications to the younger students in emerging trends in space science and technology amongst the youngsters, who are the future building blocks of our ...
How Budget 2024 makes 'Study in India' more attractive
Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan (@dpradhanbjp) hailed Budget 2024-25 as pivotal milestone on India's path to becoming a developed nation by 2047 Prioritizing education, skilling, employment generation, research, and innovation, the Budget paves way for strengthening… — PIB India (@PIB_India) July 24, 2024
Higher education in India vs. studying abroad: Looking through the lens
For students who self-finance their study abroad costs, the TCS rate will be nil up to Rs 7 lakh, but above Rs 7 lakh, it will be 5%. For example, suppose your overall spending in a year for ...