differences between application letter and cover letter

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Application letter vs. cover letter: pros and cons, tips for job application scenarios

1) Application letter when there is no job opening

2) job application letter for academic programs, 3) longer application letter for internships, introduction, convey resume facts in letter form. , highlight your achievements alongside personality and context., signpost each part of the letter. , make sentences shorter and minimize descriptive language. , ensure the application letter is heavy on factual detail..

Application letter? Isn't that a cover letter, but twice the length? What is that you say? Some people use it to replace a resume and a cover letter? Why on earth would you want to do that? What is a letter of application vs cover letter?

Job search jargon can be difficult, especially when different words mean different things in various parts of the world. So let's take a look at the general differences and similarities between an application vs cover letter. They do have varying uses - so think about the right choice for you.

In this article we will explore:

What is an application letter?

• Three situations when you might choose to write an application letter
• What is the difference between an application letter and a cover letter?
• What is the purpose of a letter of application?
• An application letter example
• The format and structure of a job application letter
• How do I write an application letter?

An “application letter” is used in limited circumstances in a job search as a replacement for a resume and cover letter. 

These two pages have to encompass the highs and lows of your career as well as describe why you would be a great hire for a potential employer. Tough ask.

Many in human resources view this as recruitment heresy; but hear us out. The specific job application format, despite its unwieldy nature, has a reason to exist. The job application letter is vanishingly rare, but certain people do decide to use it. The argument of letter of application vs cover letter is clear cut. Combining a resume and cover letter into one longer application letter is no easy task.

Recruiter’s Note

It should be noted that the term “application letter” is often used to describe the traditional cover letter . In other words, sometimes the two terms mean exactly the same thing. Similarly, the words “CV” and “resume” sometimes (but not always) refer to the same thing, the only difference being that the term “CV” is much more popular outside North America. A cover letter may be referred to as an application letter simply because that's what it's called in that part of the world. This article deals with application letters as separate documents with their own specific set of goals.

A resume is a strictly formatted, factually based document, while a cover letter adds a personal touch to the application process. But with a single job application letter that does both jobs, where do you start to impress a recruiter?

Is there one occasion in a hundred when a job seeker might choose this option? Might it make a difference to you one day? 

By the way, there is an entertaining 7.5-minute video on cover letters vs. application letters at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p7i8I5wFYuk . It offers the same advice we do, although with a delightful African accent. It settles the application letter vs cover letter debate, once and for all.

When to use an application letter

Before we explore all the reasons why a resume + cover letter combo is usually better for job seekers than a single application letter, an examination of online recruitment wisdom does highlight a few occasions when a job application letter might prove a valid choice. So what are the three types of application letter?

We must stress that in 99% of cases, this advice and the following application letter sample is definitely not the norm, but if you have tried everything else in your job search toolbox, it might just be worth a try.

When the job market is tight, potential hiring managers and recruiters will have even less time to consider job applications, especially if there is no job posting. 

If job applicants have a genuinely compelling story to tell, some candidates might decide to send over their sales pitch in application letter form (as an attachment in an email or in a forum like LinkedIn), because they know that someone won’t spend the time digging through their formal resume for the relevant details. Our application letter sample at the end of this chapter offers a flavor of how it might be worded. 

Sending a formal resume might be presumptuous if there is no role available, but a short cover letter does not offer enough space to sell your career story. Enter the longer, chunkier application letter (that is pretending to be a cover letter and not a resume).

Another type of letter sent when no open position is advertised is called a letter of interest, letter of intent or statement of interest. A letter of interest is very similar to a cover letter, but it’s written when no open position is advertised. The usual advice for a letter of interest is to hold it to one page and include a resume. This is different from the so-called application letter, which is generally supposed to be two pages and is sent without a resume.  

For example, if you teach English as a second language (ESL) and you live in Spain, you may become aware of a school that teaches ESL. Even though it’s not advertising any jobs for new teachers, you want the school to know that you would be interested in working there and you have the skills to do so. In such a case, you might send a letter of interest and a resume. For more info, see our blog on “ Letter of Interest vs. Cover Letter .”

Job application letters will never match the factual accuracy and coverage of a resume, but a small number of candidates do decide to use them as a tactic to get their foot through the door.

One consideration with a job application letter is that it will be read in its entirety. The format of a resume makes it easier to dip in and out, so writing a longer letter may be a way of getting every argument across?

When there is a requirement to describe depth of academic experience, a longer-form letter is sometimes employed in academic circles instead of a resume. Here, the letter of application vs cover letter argument is won in favor of academic rigor. Outlining the importance of your academic work is difficult in a short cover letter.

Again, this is a rare occurrence, but for an academic who is looking to connect with a like-minded faculty manager (outside of the confines of HR oversight), an application letter gives them the opportunity express why they would be a fit for that new job. Many academics are used to reading long pieces of content, so a two-page application letter will not seem overly onerous.

Many in academia would expect an academic resume with a wealth of information about past research papers and qualifications, but for areas of expertise which require more depth of explanation, an application letter may be a useful format.

There is genuine merit for an intern to view the following example of application letter with a little more interest. 

Interns will not have the experience to flesh out a two-page resume, but a one-page resume may not be enough space to describe the passion that they have for their desired role. As social media has brought interns ever closer to potential future bosses, a less formal job application letter might be able to do the job of both a cover letter and a resume. 

The free-flowing nature of a letter allows them to explore their potential from a professional and personal perspective. 400 words is not enough on a cover letter when you desperately want to take that first rung on the career ladder.

If the application progresses onto a more formal footing, interns will still need a resume for an internal recruiter, but a longer initial letter could make a difference. Not every application is standard, so if you feel that you are able to divert from the norm and risk sending a longer application letter, take the plunge.

Application letter sample

Meet Lana. She is writing a speculative application letter to get a job at a new retail outlet that is opening up. She doesn't know when they might be hiring, so this one-shot application letter sample is her best shot of getting on their radar early on. They are unlikely to read both a cover letter and her resume at such a stage. 

We had to dig deep into various professional cases to come up with the best example, but with our desire to provide the most comprehensive set of resources for job seekers, we felt that sharing an example of a job application letter was worth doing. This really does include the best of both worlds.

The following job application letter sample is a good attempt at what such a letter might look like, but it will quickly become obvious that the format is far from ideal. You have to have a really good story to keep a hiring manager reading beyond the second paragraph. Make sure that you hit them with what matters to them early on.

If you start to understand that this format is not for you - you might be far happier and better off checking out our cover letter templates , writing guide and profession-specific letter examples .

Having said all that, here is an example of an application letter:

Job application letter format and structure

The format of an application letter is difficult to define. While we have created advice guides for all sorts of cover letters, the bloated nature of the application letter format means that almost anything goes. Just make sure that you use bullets and the odd list to break up the text - white space matters in an application letter, too.

We would like to compare and contrast the structure of the two formats.

After starting the header of the letter with your contact information, the greeting section needs to be addressed to the correct person and begin the letter with a personal connection. Everyone likes being called by their name. 

Additionally, make sure that you use the correct form of address. “Dear Mr. / Mrs. / Ms. Surname” is the safest option to get the letter off to a solid start. ”To Whom It May Concern” is never acceptable, though if you can't find out the name of the hiring manager, you can opt for a more generic greeting like “Dear XYZ Hiring Team.” This advice applies to both cover letters and application letter.

Take your career growth to a new level with these 10 expert tips to writing and formatting the best cover letter.

The introduction of a cover letter should be a short opening paragraph to grab the attention and focus on one standout aspect of the candidate’s experience. It is the one sentence that you want to remain in the hiring manager’s mind for the rest of the recruitment process.

The introduction for the application letter format has to work a bit harder. Because there is no factual resume to fall back on, the application letter introduction should be more practically oriented, leaving the reader in no doubt as to the suitability of the candidate.

Where a hiring manager has the option to find a candidate's value in the depths of a resume, candidates have to be mind-readers to work out exactly what to highlight in their application letter intro. It is a really tough ask and very easy to miss the mark.

The body of the perfect cover letter should contain a couple of brief insights into the personal qualities and professional achievements of a candidate, outlining why they are a fit for the role and backing that up with quantifiable numbers. It is eminently possible to create a lasting impression in the space of two or three paragraphs. In communication skills terms, brevity is the soul of wit.

Conversely, it is difficult to know where to start in suggesting how to structure the body of an application letter.

First, the job application format should ideally retain an aspect of the chronological nature of a resume. You don’t want the reader jumping back and forth through your career timeline as they read it and you should include dates of employment where possible. 

Elements of personality and culture fit can also be sprinkled throughout the writing. Try to lead with your most relevant characteristics, with the most recent examples at the beginning of the letter.

After a couple of sections about work experience, the job application letter offers an opportunity to expand at greater length on how you understand the role and why you think you would be a fit. 

Anticipate the interview questions and show that you are the right person for the job. This is something that is not always possible in either a resume or a cover letter, so it is ideally suited to a persuasive piece of writing that may well be speculative in nature. Go into significant detail around how exactly you see yourself fitting in.

For a cover letter , the conclusion is a one-paragraph call to action, intended to persuade the employer to invite you to an interview. It's the cherry on top of your job application. 

The length of the application letter format means that such a pithy closing paragraph might seem a little apologetic. In this case, it is worth reminding the potential employer of the key aspects of your candidacy. They may be a bit lost in such a long letter, and repetition can be an effective device (if you are repeating the right things, that is).

Is an application letter the same as a cover letter? 

The industry standard of a personality-led cover letter is intended to complement the factual formality of a resume. As such, the cover letter is often used as a compelling conversation-starter that might entice a hiring manager to read the resume in a little more depth. 

Cover letters hint at the threads of a candidate’s career that are worth exploring further during an interview process . 

Application letters, on the other hand, need to communicate both factual experience and a sense of personality. In terms of comparing and contrasting a cover letter and an application letter format, the basic approaches are similar, but the application letter format is more cumbersome.

Tips for writing a great application letter for a job vacancy 

If you are determined to write an application letter, or if someone has asked you to put down your thoughts on your suitability for the role in an email (for example), here are five suggestions for making the most of an imperfect format. Here is how the letter of application vs cover letter thought process plays out. 

Weaving the facts of your resume into the broader narrative of an application letter for employment is crucial to getting your work experience across. 

Factual details are far easier to pick out on a resume, so they risk getting a little lost in the depths of an application letter. But if you put the more important facts toward the beginning of paragraphs, hiring managers will be more likely to notice. Numbers and percentages are automatically more visible, so quantify and add context.

As an application letter is a mix of fact and personality, you can mix up your factual achievements with descriptive adjectives and more context than a resume typically contains. 

Much is discussed about storytelling in the recruitment process and if you can manage to merge these factors, your story has a chance of being finished. However, two pages of solid text is a lot of story to take in.

A resume has distinct sections for each part of your experience, and a cover letter usually has a set format to add the extra details. It is therefore essential for job applicants to signpost the content of every paragraph in the first sentence of an application letter.

Some people might decide to use mini-titles, but this often comes across as being too simplistic and may break up the flow of the story. Try to make the first sentence of each paragraph short and direct.

Two pages might seem a lot for an application letter, but when you consider that it has to be written in full sentences and with acceptable English, suddenly the simplicity and brevity of skills lists on a resume (for example) seem very appealing. 

Keep your sentences as short and impactful as possible. Otherwise you might find yourself not having enough space for some of your achievements and experiences. Having said this, don't include too many lists with lots of commas - the application letter needs to be legible.

While the purpose of a cover letter is to weave a more emotionally appealing story because the resume has covered the factual bases, the limitations of the job application letter format mean that it should contain as much factual detail as possible. 

Devices such as bullet-pointed lists are a great way of getting fact-heavy accomplishments across. Put simply, make sure that you don't waffle. The tone should be conversational - it should be a conversation packed with achievement.

The differences between an application letter and a cover letter

To summarize, while the application letter is a mash-up of a resume and a cover letter, it is a little more than that. Essentially candidates use it as an extended conversation starter in certain specific situations.

The application letter allows them to set out their arguments exactly the way that they would like a hiring manager to hear them. With a letter, there is no ambiguity. It is written how it is meant to be received. It is important that the candidate understands which arguments will be effective as this is their "one shot." 

While a hiring manager can dip in and out of a resume where they see fit, an application letter leaves them no choice. If it doesn't hit the mark, chances will reduce significantly.

But what if I decide to write a cover letter after all?

We recently shared 9,000+ words of career advice in our blog on cover letter writing and many of the suggestions in that piece will also be relevant to writing an application letter, should you choose to do so. 

Do your research on the employer, choose the right tone for the letter and immerse yourself into the culture to imagine what sort of employee they are looking for. 

The best cover letters are a wonderful medium to complement a resume, yet their impact is often overlooked. A perfectly targeted cover letter can genuinely make the difference between a first interview for that dream job and another rejection. We have a wide range of guides and cover letter samples for multiple professions that bring the reality of the letter to life. 

If you compare the cover letter examples with the application letter example, you will see why most employers would prefer the cover letter plus a resume to create the ideal first impression. In the letter of application vs cover letter argument, there is usually only one winner.

At the end of the day, you should choose what fits you best. If the situation warrants a more free-form and non-traditional document like the application letter, go for it! 

But if you decide to stick with the tried-and-true combo accepted by recruiters worldwide, make sure to check out our online resume tools for resumes and cover letters (complete with pre-generated phrases, a grammar checker and more).  

Save your time, avoid stress and uncertainty. There’s no reason not to empower your job search with convenient solutions!

Application Letter Vs. Cover Letter

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Cover Letter Analysis

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There are subtle differences between application letters and cover letters. However, the terms cover and application are sometimes used interchangeably. An application letter is often intended to stand on its own, whereas a cover letter generally can't be the applicant's only document submitted to express interest in a job opening.

Cover Letter Versus Application Letter Introductions

Cover letters typically contain a brief introduction. The introduction in a cover letter consists of three to four sentences about the job seeker's work experiences, education, accomplishments and the type of organizations he feels are best suited for his qualifications. On the other hand, an application letter might contain a more extensive introduction simply because this letter serves a purpose that's similar to the resume.

Dear (Hiring Executive),

Please accept my enclosed application for the position of executive assistant to your Vice President of Operations. I'm pleased to say that my qualifications match your job requirements perfectly. In my current role with Genex Engineering, I handle all of the same duties and much more as executive assistant to the president and CEO for the past four years. My experience, education (bachelor's degree), strong communication skills and ability to manage complex tasks and solve problems makes me an ideal candidate for your position.

Cover Letter Versus Application Letter Work History

An application letter generally contains a brief description of the job seeker's work history or professional experience. An application letter often can substitute for a resume and, therefore, requires that the job seeker include specific information about her work history and professional competencies. A cover letter shouldn't contain too much information about the job seeker's work history because it's merely an introduction to the resume. It's acceptable for a cover letter to reference the job seeker's work history in a sentence or two about her current or previous employer; however, it shouldn't contain details about any professional experience.

Example of Cover Letter Work History:

Prior to working at Genex Engineering, I was executive secretary to the COO at Boomer Industrial Hose Inc. and started my career as a receptionist/ secretary for the Sales Manager at Geny Oil Corp. 10 years ago in Texas.

No need to add more to your work history in a cover letter as it is thoroughly covered in the accompanying resume.

Example of Application Letter Work History:

At Genex Engineering, I handle all of the duties required of your position and much more as executive assistant to the president and CEO for the past four years. In addition to providing secretarial and administrative support to the president, I train other secretaries to support other high-level executives and regularly speak at conventions and manage trade shows. My responsibilities also include creating presentations and proposals, arranging travel for all the executives, generating reports and taking responsibility for confidential company documents. I spearheaded modifications in IT that generated increased profitability for Genex and implemented a variety of upgrades in our accounting procedures dramatically cutting costs in that department.

After describing your duties in your present position, you would then briefly describe your duties in your two previous junior-intermediate level jobs at Boomer and Geny Oil.

Cover Letter Versus Application Letter Content

A cover letter is a teaser. Its intent is to capture the reader's attention enough to make the recruiter or hiring manager want to review the resume. The cover letter should contain just enough information that it doesn't give away everything about the applicant. An application letter, on the other hand, is a more comprehensive document. It describes the applicant's educational background, certifications and licenses, and in some cases, salary history for job postings that require it.

When to Use an Application Letter

When an employer specifically requires a cover letter and resume, that's what the job seeker should submit. It's relatively rare that an employer will accept an application letter in lieu of a cover letter and resume. The two approaches are different and employers use application letters infrequently when compared to how they use cover letters and resumes. An application letter is more appropriate for unsolicited interest, or when there isn't a job posting. For example, an application letter could be mailed to several employers that aren't advertising specific jobs vacancies as a way to provide a more extensive introduction to prospective employers.

Uses of Cover Letters and Application Letters

A cover letter is almost always used to express interest in employment. An application letter can be used for employment purposes; however, it can also be used for applying for a place in an academic program or an internship program. Employers don't always require a cover letter, but it's always a good idea to use a cover letter. On the other hand, an application letter might be the only requirement sought by schools or employers – with an application letter, it may not always be necessary to include a resume.

Ruth Mayhew has been writing since the mid-1980s, and she has been an HR subject matter expert since 1995. Her work appears in "The Multi-Generational Workforce in the Health Care Industry," and she has been cited in numerous publications, including journals and textbooks that focus on human resources management practices. She holds a Master of Arts in sociology from the University of Missouri-Kansas City. Ruth resides in the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.

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Are Cover Letter and Application Letter the Same?

While cover and application letters are usually used in the same contexts, every job seeker has to know the significant differences between these two documents.

Nowadays, application and cover letters are sent via email, so, it’s also important to familiarize oneself with the writing trends and standards of online documents.

So, What’s the Difference?

The main difference between applications and cover letters are:

• Application documents are considered to contain in-depth information about candidate skills and qualities while cover letters are merely used for submitting the documents.
• Cover letters carry out simpler functions and only define your professional capacity as a sender, a recipient, and the purpose of the letter. Application letters perform three main functions: to draw the attention of the potential recruiter, to reflect you as the perfect fit for the position, and to secure the interview.
• Application letters highlight qualifications, skills, strengths, and previous jobs to which this information should relate to the job applied. Done properly, it will showcase you as a good fit for the position. A cover letter can omit specific details, though it must include contact information and motivate why you’re applying for the position and why you’re good for it.
• Cover letters are shorter as they don’t include detailed information. Applicant documents shouldn’t exceed one page. In terms of improving career opportunities, wherever possible your letter should consist of three paragraphs in which you introduce yourself and your objective in the first paragraph. You should present your strengths in the second paragraph and propose an interview in the third paragraph.
• Cover letters aren’t considered the decisive element of an application package. Application letters usually accompany resumes in most cases, as they can offer more about your professional candidacy. Or you can always check some of the best companies that will help you with writing your cover letter on Linkedin .

What is the difference between application letter and cover letter? FREE TEMPLATE

General | 11 Sep 2023

In the competitive job market of today, job seekers are constantly on the lookout for ways to stand out and make a positive impression on prospective employers. Two essential tools in the job hunting arsenal are the application letter and the cover letter. While these terms are often used interchangeably, they serve distinct purposes in the hiring process. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the key differences between application letters and cover letters, and provide step-by-step instructions on how to create both effectively.

What is an Application Letter?

An application letter, also known as a job application letter or a letter of application, is a formal document submitted by a job seeker to express their interest in a specific job vacancy. The primary purpose of an application letter is to introduce the applicant and their qualifications to the potential employer. Unlike a resume or CV, which provides a comprehensive overview of one's professional history, an application letter is tailored to a particular job opening.

Also read How to Create a Comprehensive Resume

How to Create an Application Letter

1. research the job opening.

Before you begin crafting your application letter, it's crucial to thoroughly research the job opening. This includes understanding the job requirements, responsibilities, and the company's culture. The more you know about the position, the better you can align your qualifications and skills with the employer's needs.

2. Format and Structure

An application letter should follow a standard business letter format. Here's a basic structure to follow:

Heading: Include your contact information (name, address, phone number, and email) at the top, followed by the date.

Recipient's Information: Below the date, include the recipient's name, title, company name, and address. If you can't find this information in the job posting, address the letter to the hiring manager.

Salutation: Start your letter with a professional salutation, such as "Dear Mr. Smith" or "Dear Hiring Manager."

Introduction: Begin with a strong opening paragraph that mentions the specific job you're applying for and how you learned about it. Express your enthusiasm for the position.

Body Paragraph(s): Use one or more paragraphs to highlight your qualifications, skills, and relevant experiences. Be specific and provide examples of how your background aligns with the job requirements.

Closing Paragraph: Summarize your interest in the position and express your desire for an interview. Mention that you have attached your resume for reference.

Closing : Use a formal closing such as "Sincerely" or "Yours faithfully," followed by your signature and typed name.

3. Tailor Your Letter

Each application letter should be customized for the specific job you're applying for. Highlight the qualifications and experiences that make you an ideal candidate for that particular position. Avoid using a generic, one-size-fits-all letter.

4. Showcase Your Skills

Use the application letter to showcase your skills and experiences that are most relevant to the job. Highlight achievements, projects, or experiences that demonstrate your capability to excel in the role.

Also read  7 Interview Tips to Impress Hiring Manager

5. Proofread and Edit

Before sending your application letter, carefully proofread it for grammar, spelling, and formatting errors. A well-written, error-free letter demonstrates professionalism and attention to detail.

6. Enclose Required Documents

If the job posting specifies additional documents, such as transcripts, certifications, or writing samples, make sure to include them along with your application letter.

When to Use an Application Letter

Application letters are typically used when:

A job vacancy is advertised.

The employer specifically requests an application letter.

You want to provide a more personalized introduction to your resume.

Effective Application Letter Example:

[Your Name]

[Your Address]

[City, State ZIP Code]

[Your Email Address]

[Your Phone Number]

[Today's Date]

[Recipient's Name]

[Recipient's Title]

[Company Name]

[Company Address]

Dear [Recipient's Name],

I am writing to apply for the [Position Name] at [Company Name], as advertised on [Where You Found the Job Posting]. With my strong background in [Relevant Skill/Experience], I am excited about the opportunity to contribute my expertise to your team.

In my current role at [Current Company], I have consistently demonstrated my proficiency in [Relevant Skill]. For instance, [Provide an Example of an Achievement or Project Relevant to the Position]. These experiences have honed my abilities and prepared me for the challenges and responsibilities of the [Position Name] role at [Company Name].

What sets [Company Name] apart for me is its reputation for [Company Attribute or Project]. I am deeply impressed by the impact your organization has made in [Industry or Field], and I am eager to be part of such an innovative and forward-thinking team.

Please find my resume attached, which offers a more comprehensive overview of my qualifications. I am enthusiastic about the opportunity to discuss how my skills can contribute to the continued success of [Company Name].

I can be reached at [Your Email Address] or [Your Phone Number]. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of becoming a part of the [Company Name] family and working toward achieving its goals.

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter, sometimes referred to as a covering letter, is a document that accompanies your resume when applying for a job. Unlike an application letter, which is typically focused on a specific job vacancy, a cover letter is more general and can be used for various job applications. The primary purpose of a cover letter is to introduce yourself, highlight your qualifications, and explain why you are an excellent fit for the company as a whole.

How to Create a Cover Letter

1. research the company.

Before you start writing your cover letter, research the company you're applying to. Understand its values, mission, culture, and recent achievements. This knowledge will help you tailor your cover letter to align with the company's goals and values.

A well-structured cover letter should include the following elements:

Heading : Similar to an application letter, include your contact information and the date at the top.

Recipient's Information : Address the letter to the hiring manager or the appropriate person if their name is mentioned in the job posting. If not, use a generic salutation like "Dear Hiring Manager."

Introduction : Begin with a strong opening that mentions the position you're interested in and how you found out about it. Express your enthusiasm for the company and explain why you're a good fit.

Body Paragraphs : Use one or more paragraphs to showcase your qualifications, skills, and experiences. Emphasize your contributions and achievements in previous roles. Highlight how your skills align with the company's needs.

Closing Paragraph: Summarize your interest in the company and reiterate your enthusiasm for the position. Express your desire for an interview to further discuss your qualifications.

Closing : Use a professional closing, such as "Sincerely" or "Best regards," followed by your signature and typed name.

3. Personalize Your Cover Letter

While a cover letter can be more general than an application letter, it should still be personalized for the specific company and position. Tailor your content to match the company's values and show how you can contribute to its success.

4. Highlight Transferable Skills

In a cover letter, focus on transferable skills that are applicable across various roles and industries. Explain how your diverse skill set makes you adaptable and a valuable asset to the company.

5. Match Your Resume

Your cover letter should complement your resume, not duplicate it. Use the cover letter to provide context for your resume and highlight specific achievements or experiences that are relevant to the job.

6. Proofread and Edit

Just like with an application letter, proofread and edit your cover letter carefully to ensure it is error-free and well-written. Attention to detail is crucial.

When to Use a Cover Letter

Cover letters are typically used when:

You are applying for a job without a specific job posting.

The job application process requires a cover letter.

You want to express your interest in a company and its culture, beyond a specific job opening.

Apply to urgently hiring jobs here!

Effective cover letter example.

I am writing to express my strong interest in the [Position Name] position at [Company Name], as advertised on [Where You Found the Job Posting]. With a proven track record in [Relevant Skill/Experience], I am confident that my qualifications align perfectly with the requirements of this role.

In my previous role at [Previous Company], I [Briefly Describe an Achievement or Responsibility Relevant to the Position]. This experience allowed me to hone my [Relevant Skill] skills and contribute to the growth and success of my team. I am eager to bring this expertise to [Company Name] to contribute to its continued excellence.

One of the aspects of [Company Name] that particularly excites me is [Specific Company Attribute or Project]. Your commitment to [Company's Values or Mission] aligns perfectly with my own professional values, making [Company Name] a natural fit for my career goals.

Enclosed is my resume, which provides further details about my qualifications. I would welcome the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experiences can benefit [Company Name] in greater detail. Please find my contact information below:

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of joining the team at [Company Name] and contributing to your ongoing success.

In conclusion, application letters and cover letters serve distinct purposes in the job application process. An application letter is tailored to a specific job vacancy and focuses on your qualifications for that role, while a cover letter is more general and introduces you to the company as a whole. Both letters, however, are essential tools for showcasing your skills and enthusiasm to prospective employers.

To succeed in your job search, it's crucial to create both types of letters effectively. Research the job opening or company thoroughly, follow the appropriate format and structure, and customize the content to match the employer's needs. Additionally, always proofread and edit your letters to ensure they make a positive impression. Application letter example and cover letter example illustrate how to structure both a cover letter and an application letter effectively, emphasizing the importance of tailoring the content to the specific job and company while showcasing your qualifications and enthusiasm.

By understanding the differences between application letters and cover letters and mastering the art of creating them, you can increase your chances of landing your dream job in today's competitive job market.

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Motivation Letter vs Cover Letter: What Are the Key Differences? (+Examples)

• Klara Cervenanska , 
• Updated May 10, 2023 4 min read

If you've ever found yourself scratching your head and wondering about the difference between a motivation letter vs. cover letter, you're not alone. 

These two documents, while similar, have distinct uses and contexts that set them apart. 

In a nutshell, the main difference between cover letter and a motivational letter lies in the fact that a cover letter is typically used in career settings , while a motivation letter is more common in academic settings .

In this article, we'll dive into the specifics of each document and provide examples to help guide you on when to use which.

Table of Contents

Click on a section to skip

Motivation letter vs. cover letter 

What is a cover letter, how to write a cover letter, cover letter example, what is a motivation letter, how to write a motivation letter, motivation letter example, motivation letter vs. cover letter our final piece of advice.

What's the difference between a cover letter and a motivation letter?

Let's sum it up:

Now, let's have a closer look at each of these documents, together with an example of both a cover letter and a motivation letter.

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A cover letter is a document that serves as your introduction to a potential employer, showcasing your background and explaining why you would be a good fit for the position they're offering. 

It should accompany your resume and should complement the information in it.

In essence, it's your chance to present yourself, let your personality shine through, and provide additional details that might not fit within the limited space of your resume. 

Even if you lack previous experience in the field, a well-crafted cover letter can help you stand out by highlighting your enthusiasm and positive qualities. 

When it comes to writing a cover letter, the structure is just as important as the content. Here's a simple breakdown of the key components to include:

• Opening paragraph : Start with a brief introduction, saying who you are and the position you're applying for. This is your opportunity to grab the reader's attention and encourage them to read on.
• Body paragraphs: Use this section to showcase your relevant skills, experiences, and achievements. Be sure to provide concrete examples and explain how they directly relate to the job you're applying for. This is your chance to demonstrate why you're the ideal candidate for the position and how your background aligns with the company's needs and values.
• Closing paragraphs : In your closing paragraphs, restate your interest in the position and summarize your qualifications. This is also an excellent opportunity to express your enthusiasm and eagerness to contribute to the company's success. Don't forget to thank the reader for considering your application and provide any necessary contact information.

Now that you have a better understanding of what a cover letter entails and how to write one, let's take a look at an example to help illustrate the key concepts.

Marketing and Brand Manager Cover Letter Sample

This cover letter sample was provided by a real person who got hired with Kickresume’s help.

While cover letters are designed for job applications, motivation letters serve a different purpose. 

Motivation letter is typically used when applying for academic opportunities such as scholarships, internships, or postgraduate programs, but also when applying for a non-profit organization or voluntary work.

A motivation letter aims to convey your passion for the subject, your personal goals , and how the program or opportunity aligns with those aspirations. 

It's an opportunity to showcase your drive, commitment, and enthusiasm for the field, setting you apart from other applicants. 

When crafting a motivation letter, it's essential to convey your genuine interest in the program or opportunity and provide a clear explanation of your motivations. 

Here's a simple outline to follow:

• Opening paragraph: Begin with an introduction, stating who you are and expressing your interest in the program or opportunity. This is the perfect chance to capture the reader's curiosity and set the tone for the rest of the letter.
• Body paragraphs: In this section, delve into your motivation for pursuing this opportunity, your long-term goals, and how the program aligns with those objectives. Be specific and provide examples, such as relevant experiences or accomplishments, that demonstrate your commitment to the field.
• Closing paragraphs: Wrap up your motivation letter by reiterating your interest in the program or opportunity and expressing your enthusiasm for the potential it offers. Thank the reader for considering your application and provide your contact information.

Now that we've covered the purpose and structure of a motivation letter, let's take a look at an example to help bring these concepts to life. 

This sample motivation letter will demonstrate how to effectively introduce yourself, share your motivations and goals, and express your enthusiasm for the academic opportunity:

University Motivation Letter Example

Throughout this article, we've explored the key differences between motivation letters and cover letters.

In a nutshell, a cover letter focuses on your qualifications and suitability for a specific job, while a motivation letter expresses your enthusiasm and reasons for pursuing a particular opportunity, often in educational or volunteering contexts.

Furthermore:

• Cover letter typically includes your contact information, addresses the hiring manager, and is tailored to a specific job posting or company.
• Motivation letter is more general, often used for educational or volunteer programs, and emphasizes your passion, personal goals, and reasons for choosing the opportunity.

By understanding these distinctions, you can confidently craft the right document for your specific needs, be it an academic opportunity or a job application.

Klara graduated from the University of St Andrews in Scotland. After having written resumes for many of her fellow students, she began writing full-time for Kickresume. Klara is our go-to person for all things related to student or 'no experience resumes'. At the same time, she has written some of the most popular resume advice articles on this blog. Her pieces were featured in multiple CNBC articles. When she's not writing, you'll probably find her chasing dogs or people-watching while sipping on a cup of coffee.

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• Resume vs Cover Letter: How...

Resume vs Cover Letter: How They're Different

8 min read · Updated on January 25, 2024

Knowing how a resume and cover letter work together can increase your chances of standing out

A resume and cover letter are essential job marketing tools that allow you to grab the attention of prospective employers and make a solid first impression. Where a resume provides an objective and concise overview of your work history, knowledge, skills, and overall qualifications, a cover letter formally introduces you to the employer and summarizes your work experiences related to your resume. It also discusses why you're interested in the position and why you're a suitable candidate. 

These two complementary documents are similar in a few ways and very different in others. In this post, we'll cover the following to provide clarity around cover letters vs resumes:

Cover letter vs resume: what are the similarities?

Cover letter vs resume: what are the differences?

What can a cover letter convey that a resume can't?

What's the difference between a cover letter, a resume, and an application letter? 

Cover letter vs resume: what are the similarities? 

As noted, a cover letter and resume are both career marketing tools, provided to prospective employers, that give the opportunity to make a strong first impression. Here are a few additional similarities between the two:

Both are meant to sell your skills and experience to entice employers to bring you in for an interview

The heading and contact information provided in a cover letter should match what's provided in a resume

When both a cover letter and resume are submitted as part of a job application, they're submitted together

Each document should use a similar style in terms of colors, font type , and font size to provide a cohesive package

Both documents should be tailored to each job you apply to

Both your cover letter and resume should include keywords from the job description.

These few points are where the similarities between a cover letter and a resume end. 

When considering a cover letter vs resume, there are five significant differences between them. They are

Layout and structure

Tonality , tense and orientation.

A resume is a requirement and necessity for virtually all job applications. A cover letter, on the other hand, is highly recommended but isn't necessarily required unless the job application specifically requests the inclusion of a cover letter. It's also possible to come across some job postings that specifically ask you not to include a cover letter. If you come across such an instance, even if you're tempted, don't include it unless you want to risk immediately going into the “no” pile. 

Unless specifically asked not to, in most instances it's in your best interest to include a cover letter with your resume. It shows you care about the position and can help to make your application stand out from the competition. 

The purpose of a resume is to provide the employer with a concise overview of your relevant work history, skills, and other qualifications. It focuses on your past and how it applies to your potential to succeed in a new job. 

Your cover letter should focus only on the job you're applying to - it serves as an introduction to you and your resume. With your cover letter, you have the opportunity to showcase a bit of your personality, further summarize your resume, and emphasize why you're interested in, and the right fit for, the job. 

In a nutshell, a resume shows the employer how your experience fits the role and a cover letter tells them why it does. 

Another main difference between a cover letter vs resume is the layout and structure of each. A resume typically uses bullet points without paragraphs or large chunks of text. There are also standard resume formats to choose from. A cover letter is written in paragraph form, with a layout similar to any professional business letter you might write.

Resume layout and structure

A resume uses one of three resume formats - reverse chronological, functional, or hybrid - with specific sections that are required within each format. The most commonly used is the chronological format, which includes the following sections:

Contact Information

Resume Headline

Resume Summary

Core Competencies

Work Experience 

Additional optional sections sometimes included on a resume are IT Skills, Volunteer Experience, Special Projects, Certifications, Training, Awards, Publications, and Hobbies & Interests. 

For more tips on how to write an effective resume with several resume examples to review, refer to “ How to Make a Resume: Beginner's Writing Guide with Examples .”

Cover letter layout and structure

A cover letter ranges from 300 to 500 words and should be written using the same format as any professional business letter. The key sections of a cover letter include:

The header with the date, the employer's address, and your contact information

A salutation directed to a specific individual when possible

An introduction paragraph where you introduce yourself, share why you're interested, and emphasize why you're an ideal candidate

The body paragraphs - the most crucial section of your cover letter - where you summarize your qualifications and how they make you an ideal candidate to meet the job requirements and demands, in one to two paragraphs

A conclusion paragraph , where you'll conclude with appreciation and a call to action

The closing , with a professional closing salutation and your name

For more detailed information on how to write a cover letter with a cover letter example, refer to “ How to Write a Cover Letter (With Example) .” 

Your cover letter, unlike your resume, addresses the employer directly and with a tone that's more personable than a resume. The exact tone you go with for your cover letter should reflect the industry and organization to which you're applying, though it's still good to showcase some personality. When doing so, ensure you still keep it professional and don't be too personal to the point that it distracts from the letter's overall goal and ability to leave a positive impression. 

The tone of a resume is straightforward and objective. It offers the reader specific details about your past work history, key qualifications, and skills. 

A resume is mostly past-oriented, meaning that it focuses largely on your past work history and experiences. Much of a resume is written in the past tense, as well. 

A cover letter is written primarily in the present tense. The focus of a cover letter is more on the present and future, including mentioning current and future objectives. 

What can a cover letter explain that a resume cannot?

As noted, where a resume shows how you're a good fit for the job, a cover letter can discuss why you're a good fit. Also, a cover letter can explain details about your resume that you might not have had space for on the resume. For example, if you listed a work experience bullet point with a great accomplishment, yet you weren't able to highlight the challenges you overcame for that significant achievement, that might be something to include in the cover letter if it adds value and is relevant. 

Cover letter vs resume vs application letter

In addition to a cover letter and resume being part of your arsenal of career marketing tools, you might also be wondering where an application letter fits in - especially since some confuse an application letter with a cover letter. 

What is the difference between a resume and an application letter?

As mentioned, a resume is a document required for job applications and provides a succinct overview of your work history and credentials. An application letter provides a detailed overview of your work history and credentials in a letter format and is typically not used in conjunction with a resume.

What is the difference between a cover letter and an application letter?

Though a cover letter and application letter share similar features, they're different in content and purpose. A cover letter complements a resume and provides an introduction to yourself and an overview as to why your qualifications make you a good fit for the job. It's sent with the resume as part of the application process. 

An application letter is more detailed and dives deeper into an applicant's work history and qualifications. It's common to send an application letter to an employer of interest, even if they don't have any job openings at the time. In other words, it's sent outside of the application process and often expresses interest in working for the organization. 

The structure is similar to a cover letter, because they're both professional business letters. However, since the intent of a cover letter and application letter differs, the content focus is different between the two. 

Cover letter vs resume: yes, you need both (with rare exceptions)

Now you know the similarities and differences between a cover letter vs resume and the purpose of each. You also know that, in most instances, it's best to submit a cover letter with your resume when applying for jobs. Including both helps you to set yourself apart from others in a tough job market and make a positive first impression on hiring teams! 

Wondering if your resume and cover letter complement each other the way they should? Our team of TopResume experts can help you to ensure that both showcase the correct elements to help you land the interviews you desire. You can even submit your resume for a free review   to get started!

Recommended reading: 

How to List Certifications on a Resume (with Examples)

How to Start a Cover Letter that Grabs Attention

How to Include Relevant Coursework on a Resume (with Examples)

Related Articles:

Do Hiring Managers Actually Read Cover Letters?

How to Create a Resume With No Education

Why You Lose When You Lie on Your Resume: Learning From Mina Chang

See how your resume stacks up.

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• Posted On: 2022-03-25
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Resume VS Cover Letter in 2024 [Detailed Guide & Examples!]

Navigating the job market in 2024 can be tricky, with every detail in your job application making a huge difference. 

In such a situation, you might find yourself wondering about the roles of resumes and cover letters and how each can help your job hunt. 

While a resume showcases your skills and experiences, a cover letter adds a personal touch, explaining why you're the perfect fit. But blending these two effectively isn't always straightforward.

But worry not! 

This guide will show you how to create a spotless application by telling you all about resumes vs cover letters, including:

• Resume Vs Cover Letter: 3 Key Differences 

Resume Vs Cover Letter: 3 Key Similarities

• What to Include in Your Resume and Cover Letter
• Resume and Cover Letter Examples

Let’s dive in!  

Resume Vs Cover Letter: 3 Key Differences

When you're on the hunt for a new job, understanding the difference between a resume and a cover letter is crucial. 

They might seem like they serve the same purpose at first glance, but they're actually quite different in terms of format, tone, and purpose. 

Let's break down these key differences to help you leverage each one effectively in your job application: 

#1. Format 

The main difference between a resume and a cover letter is how they’re formatted. A resume’s format is structured, almost like a database of your professional life. It's a concise, bullet-pointed list showcasing your work experience, skills, and educational background. 

The idea is to make it easy for the employer to scan through your qualifications quickly. Think of it as a highlight reel of your career, with each point clear and to the point.

On the other hand, a cover letter has a more narrative style. It's your chance to tell a story about your professional journey. Here, you're not just listing your achievements and skills; you're explaining them. 

You can dive into details about key experiences, how you tackled challenges, and why you're a great fit for the role. While your resume is factual and to the point, your cover letter allows your personality and enthusiasm to shine through.

What you include in a cover letter is also different from a resume. In your cover letter , you're linking your skills and experiences directly to what the job requires, using examples and anecdotes. Meanwhile, your resume serves as a straightforward record of your professional path and competencies.

The tone is where you see the difference between a resume and a cover letter. 

A resume is all about being professional and straightforward. You're sticking to the facts: your past job titles , the skills you've mastered, and your educational background. It's like a formal report about you, so there's not much room for personal flair or storytelling.

In contrast, your cover letter is where you can be a bit more relaxed and personal. 

This doesn't mean you should be overly casual, but it's definitely the place to add a bit of your personality. You can write in the first person, share your enthusiasm for the job, and talk about why you're excited about the opportunity. It's like having a conversation with the hiring manager, telling them why you'd be a great fit for the job.

So, while your resume is the straight-to-the-point , no-nonsense part of your application, your cover letter is where you get to be more expressive. 

#3. Purpose

When it comes to the purpose of a resume and a cover letter, it's all about showing different sides of your professional story. 

Your resume is the backbone of your job application; it's essential. It gives a clear, concise rundown of your professional journey. Basically, it's your way of saying, "Here's what I've done and what I'm good at." You can apply for a job with just a resume, but it's just a part of the whole picture.

The cover letter is what fills that picture. It complements your resume by filling in the gaps and adding context to your experiences. This is your space to explain why you're interested in the job and how your background makes you a great fit. It's like adding color to a black-and-white photo. 

By writing a cover letter , you're showing hiring managers that you're not just tossing your resume into every job opening you see. You're taking the time to present a complete, well-thought-out application.

So, while your resume is key, including a cover letter can be a game-changer. It shows you're a dedicated job seeker who understands the value of presenting a full picture. Hiring managers often look for this effort as it demonstrates you’re serious about the role. In a stack of many resumes, a well-crafted cover letter can be the thing that makes you stand out .

If navigating the world of job applications can be tricky, it helps to know that both resumes and cover letters also share some common ground.

While they have their differences, they also have key similarities like length, the need to be tailored to the job, and using matching templates. 

Understanding these similarities can help you create a cohesive and compelling job application package:

#1. Length 

First up, let's talk about length. Both your resume and cover letter should be pretty brief . 

The recommended resume length is usually one page long . You can have a two-page resume , but that's only if you have tons of experience and are applying for an executive position. 

As a rule of thumb, though, your resume should be all about being concise and to the point. You want to make sure every word counts, especially since hiring managers don't spend a lot of time on each resume.

Your cover letter should also be short and sweet. Aim for about three to four paragraphs , and don’t go over one page. You're not writing your autobiography here; you're giving a snapshot of why you're the right fit for the job. It's your chance to highlight the most important parts of your resume and add a bit of personality, but remember, brevity is key.

So, whether it's your resume or cover letter, keep it tight. You want to give just enough to spark interest and make them say, "Let's call this person for an interview."

#2. Tailoring it to the Job

Now, let's talk about tailoring these documents to the job. 

This is super important for both your resume and cover letter. You can't just send the same version to every job opening; it needs to feel like it was made just for that specific role. For your resume, this means highlighting the experience and skills that are most relevant to the job you're applying for. You've got to show them that what you've done lines up with what they need.

Your cover letter needs this custom touch, too. It's your chance to draw a clear line between your skills and experiences and the job's requirements. Here, you're telling them, "Hey, see these things on my resume? This is how they make me a great fit for your job." It's about making the connection between you and the role crystal clear.

So, whether it's tweaking your resume to highlight certain experiences or writing a cover letter that speaks directly to the job ad, tailoring each document is key. It shows that you're not just looking for any job; you're interested in this job.

Looking for a new job? Be sure to read the ultimate guide to the job hunt for help along the way!

#3. Matching Templates 

Lastly, there's the visual aspect – using matching templates for your resume and cover letter. When these two pieces of your application match, it gives everything a cohesive and professional look. 

Think of it like wearing a matching outfit to an interview; it just looks more put together. Using the same design, colors, and font style in both documents creates a strong, unified brand for you as a professional. It's a subtle touch, but it can make your application stand out.

Having a matching set also shows attention to detail. It tells the hiring manager that you've put thought and effort into your application. It's not just about the content; it's also about presenting it in a way that's pleasing to the eye and easy to read.

If you're not a design whiz, don't worry. There are tools out there that can help.

For example, Novorésumé offers matching templates for resumes and cover letters. This makes it super easy to create a professional and stylish-looking application package. 

With a few clicks, you can have a resume and cover letter that look like they were made to go together, because, well, they were!

What to Include in Your Resume

Your resume is your professional story on a page. It's crucial to include the right information to showcase your skills and experiences effectively. Here's a breakdown of what to include:

• Contact Information : Start with the basics - your name, phone number, email, and LinkedIn profile. Make sure your email sounds professional and not like something you came up with in high school (e.g.: [email protected]). 
• Resume Summary or Objective : This is a brief statement at the top of your resume. It should highlight your career achievements and aspirations. Tailor it to reflect how you're a great fit for the specific job you're applying for.
• Professional Experience: List your past jobs in reverse chronological order. Include your title, the company name, dates of employment, and a brief description of your responsibilities and achievements in each role.
• Skills (Hard and Soft): Highlight both your technical skills (like programming languages or marketing tools) and soft skills (like communication or problem-solving ). Tailor these to match the job description.
• Education : Include your most recent and relevant educational experiences. List the degree, the institution, and the year of graduation. You can also mention academic honors or extracurricular activities if they're relevant (I.e.: if you’re a recent graduate or entry-level professional).
• Optional Sections : If you have leftover space on your resume, you can include optional sections such as any languages you speak, any volunteer work you’ve done, your certifications or personal projects, as well as your hobbies and interests .

Are you wondering if you should write a CV or resume ? Read our article to find out what the differences are!

What to Include in Your Cover Letter

A cover letter is your chance to make a personal connection with the employer. It complements your resume by bringing your experiences to life. Here’s what you should include:

• Contact Information: Just like your resume, start with your name, phone number, and email. No need for your address, but including your LinkedIn profile could be a nice touch.
• Addressing the Hiring Manager: It's important to address your cover letter to the right person. If you can, find out the name of the hiring manager and address them directly (like "Dear Ms. Smith"). This personal touch shows you've put in the extra effort and makes your letter feel more tailored and respectful.
• Introduction: Grab their attention. Start with a concise introduction about who you are and why you're interested in the role. A compelling opener can make a big difference.
• Why You’re Interested in the Role: Explain what drew you to the job. Be specific about why the company or the role excites you. This shows you've done your homework.
• Your Relevant Experience and Skills: Here's where you match your skills to the job description. Use specific examples from your past to show how you've used these skills effectively to show the hiring manager why they should hire you.
• Conclusion and Call to Action : Wrap it up by reiterating your interest and thank the reader for their time. A proactive closing, like mentioning your eagerness to discuss your application in an interview, leaves a strong final impression.

13 Resume Examples

Are you wondering what a great resume looks like? Here are 13 resumes for different professions to inspire you:

#1. Business Analyst Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a business analyst resume here.

#2. Digital Marketing Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a digital marketing resume here.

#3. Software Engineer Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a software engineer resume here.

#4. Construction Project Manager Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a construction project manager resume here.

#5. Customer Service Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a customer service resume here.

#6. High School Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a high school resume here.

#7. Student Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a student resume here.

#8. Server Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a server resume here.

#9. Actor Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing an actor resume here.

#10. Web Developer Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a web developer resume here.

#11. Engineering Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing an engineering resume here.

#12. Computer Science Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a computer science resume here.

#13. Architect Resume Example 

Check out our full guide to writing an architect resume here.

13 Cover Letter Examples

And here are some cover letter examples to take your application from great to perfect:

#1. Customer Service Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a customer service cover letter here.

#2. Marketing Executive Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a marketing executive cover letter here.

#3. Medical Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a medical assistant cover letter here.

#4. Consultant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a consultant cover letter here.

#5. College Student Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a college student cover letter here.

#6. Retail Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a retail cover letter here.

#7. Team Leader Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a team leader cover letter here.

#8. Actor Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an actor cover letter here.

#9. Digital Marketing Cover Letter

#10. Executive Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an executive assistant cover letter here.

#11. Finance Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a finance cover letter here.

#12. Graphic Designer Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a graphic designer cover letter here.

#13. IT Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an IT cover letter here.

Key Takeaways 

And that’s a wrap on everything you need to know about cover letters and resumes. 

Before you go and perfect your application based on what you just read, here’s a rundown of the main points we covered in this article:

• Resumes and cover letters differ in the way you format them, the tone you use when writing them, and the purpose they serve. 
• On the other hand, they also have similarities. For example, they’re typically the same length and need to be tailored to the job you’re applying for. 
• On your resume, make sure to include your contact information, resume summary, work experience, education, skills, and other optional sections. 
• Meanwhile, in your cover letter, you should first include a header with both your and the hiring manager’s contact information. Then you should address the hiring manager, write a captivating introduction, talk about your achievements and skills, and wrap up with a call to action and a professional signature line. 

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Blog Cover Letter Help Cover Letter vs Resume: What’s the Difference?

Cover Letter vs Resume: What’s the Difference?

You should always pair a well-written cover letter with your resume to make your job application stand out. But it’s essential to know how to write these two documents so they don’t repeat the same information.

As featured in *

A cover letter formally introduces you, your interest in a specific position, and your suitability for that position to a hiring manager. A resume, on the other hand, provides a hiring manager an overview of your skills and professional experience.

These two different yet complementary documents act as a dynamic team when you apply for jobs. Together, they give you the best chance of impressing hiring managers and landing work.

On this page, we provide answers to the following questions:

• What is a cover letter for a resume?
• What should be on your resume ?
• How does a cover letter differ from a resume?
• What are some examples of a cover letter and resume ?

Our free-to-use cover letter builder can make you a cover letter in as little as 5 minutes. Just pick the template you want, and our software will format everything for you.

What is a cover letter?

Not quite sure what a cover letter is ? A cover letter is a professional document used to introduce yourself to an employer and explain why you want a specific job. Unlike a resume, which is an objective overview of your qualifications, the purpose of a cover letter is to prove why your qualifications make you the best fit for the job opening.

The normal cover letter length is 300 to 500 words, giving you plenty of room to show why you’re the ideal candidate.

Your cover letter can be broken into six parts :

List your contact details (name, phone number, email address) in your cover letter header .

B. Salutation

The best cover letter opening is Dear [Mr./Ms./Mx] [Hiring Manager’s Name]. Using the hiring manager’s name is an easy way to make a good immediate first impression and show that you’ve done your research.

Dear Hiring Manager is also acceptable. Using To Whom It May Concern isn’t ideal because it sounds overly formal and generic.

C. Introduction Paragraph

Your introduction paragraph is where you introduce yourself as a candidate to the hiring manager. Use this space to highlight:

• how much relevant experience you have
• where you found the job opening
• why you want to apply for this specific job

D. Body Paragraphs

Your second paragraph (and third if you have lots of experience) should address the responsibilities listed in the job description. How can your skills and experience help you handle those responsibilities?

When writing your cover letter you can also use bullet points in the middle if you want to highlight major career achievements and/or awards.

E. Conclusion Paragraph

Your cover letter closing paragraph is where you aim to set up an interview. Start by expressing your enthusiasm for the opportunity, and suggest setting up a time to discuss further. Then, thank the hiring manager for their time.

F. Sign-off

No need to get creative here. Simply writing “Sincerely” followed by your name is the perfect way to sign off on your cover letter .

What is a resume?

A resume is a document that provides a concise, neatly formatted overview of your professional qualifications. When writing your resume , make sure to include your relevant work experience, education, skills, and notable accomplishments.

There are six standard resume sections :

A. Contact Details

Your contact details are included in your resume header .

At a minimum, your contact details should include your:

• First and last name
• Email address
• Phone number

Additionally, you can add LinkedIn to your resume (make sure it’s up to date!), and your mailing address or city if you want to prove you live within commuting distance.

B. Introduction

The resume introduction comes after your contact details and provides a brief overview of your key qualifications and skills. Your introduction should include enough information to entice the hiring manager to continue reading your resume without being overly wordy.

• resume summary
• professional profile
• resume objective
• qualifications summary

C. Work Experience Section

The work experience section is the core of your resume. This section is where you list your previous job titles or any roles you’ve held that are relevant to the job you want to fill.

Your work history should be arranged with your most recent job at the top, and include the following information for each position:

• Company name
• Location (city and state)
• Dates of employment (month and year)

Each job entry generally includes three to five bullet points that highlight your key accomplishments and responsibilities in that role.

D. Skills Section

The resume skills section is where you list relevant job skills . Include a diverse mix of hard skills and soft skills to demonstrate that you’re a well-rounded candidate and can handle a variety of challenges.

E. Education Section

The resume’s education section is where you mention the basics of your education history. This includes at minimum your school names, highest degree earned, and majors and minors.

If you lack work experience, you can also list relevant coursework , your GPA (if it’s greater than 3.5), and any academic honors or awards that you feel make you more qualified for the job.

F. Awards Section (Optional)

You can add an additional section on your resume to list awards if you have any impressive honors you’d like to highlight.

Consider noting any of the following items:

• Academic Honors
• Scholarships
• Volunteer positions
• Professional Affiliations

The difference between a cover letter and a resume

There are four key differences between a cover letter and a resume:

1. Importance

Resumes are a requirement when you apply for work. On the other hand, cover letters are often necessary , but optional when a company specifically says to not include one.

Do resumes need cover letters?

It’s always best to include a cover letter for a resume because it provides a personal touch and makes your application stand out.

2. Structure

The standard cover letter format is similar to that of a business letter . It includes a heading, an introduction paragraph, body content, a conclusion paragraph, and a sign-off.

Meanwhile, there are three different resume formats , and each format emphasizes different sections of a resume.

Additionally, unlike a cover letter (which is mostly paragraphs), a resume is largely broken up into bullets.

Should your cover letter match your resume?

Yes, make sure you match the important details like your contact information on your resume and cover letter. We also recommend using the same design elements, such as font and colors, to make your application look consistent.

The purpose of your resume is to showcase your job qualifications. Your cover letter, on the other hand, can explain why those qualifications make you the ideal candidate for that particular role.

In addition, your cover letter complements your resume by expanding on specific experiences or qualifications that don’t fit within the space-constrained format of a resume.

The tone of a resume is more objective than that of a cover letter.

A cover letter’s tone varies depending on the job and industry, but should always have a little personality. Just make sure that personality is still professional and doesn’t detract from the letter’s content.

Examples of a cover letter and resume

As a reference, here are two professional examples of a resume and a cover letter to use as inspiration when writing your own:

Cover letter for a customer service representative

Cover letter example (text version)

HANNAH RENNER

[email protected] | (895) 555-555 4397 Aaron Smith Drive Harrisburg, PA 17101

Tammie Jardine 531 Roosevelt Ave. Philadelphia, PA, 19019 (907) 541-1102 [email protected]

Dear Mrs. Jardine,

I’m excited to submit my enclosed application for the Call Center Representative position at Phone Sales Inc. With over 3 years of experience in sales and customer service, I’m confident that my skillset and passion for customer satisfaction make me an ideal fit for the role.

As a call center representative at Gibby Sales, I spent two years honing my upselling techniques, conflict resolution skills, and phone etiquette. In just five months on the job, my managers had me onboarding and training new employees. By the end of my employment at Gibby, I had achieved the following results:

• A consistent customer service rating of over 90%. • Regularly upsold products, generating a total of $25,000 in additional revenue for the company. • Resolved 96% of customer issues given to me while maintaining one of the highest satisfaction rates in the company.

It would be a fantastic opportunity to put my skills to the test as a member of the Phone Sales Inc. customer service team. Your company is one of the best in the industry at employee development, and I’m confident I could quickly become a contributing member of the team.

I am looking forward to discussing the position with you in more detail and am available by phone or email at any time most convenient for you. Thank you for your time and consideration.

Hannah Renner

Resume for a customer service representative

Resume example (text version)

Call Center Representative

Email: [email protected] Phone: 895 555 555 Address: 4397 Aaron Smith Drive Harrisburg, PA 17101 Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/Hannah.renner

RESUME SUMMARY

• Experienced: Customer service professional with 3+ years in call centers and the hospitality industry • Efficient: Proficient at handling numerous calls simultaneously and reliably resolving client issues in a timely manner • Bilingual: English – Native ; French – Fluent. Capable of providing excellent customer service in both languages

CALL CENTER REPRESENTATIVE Gibby Sales, Philadelphia, PA / September 2018 – Present • Handle 60+ customer interactions per day, providing personalized and helpful service to ensure satisfaction. • Memorize details of over 220 company products, and able to answer customer questions about them quickly and thoroughly. • Regularly generate an excess of $2,00 each month in additional revenue by successfully upselling customers • Maintain and update sales spreadsheets • Close at least 5 sales per day in both English and French • Onboarded and trained 4 new employees in customer interaction, upselling, and conflict resolution

HOSTESS Fat Larry’s Canoli House, Swarthmore, PA / June 2016– August 2017 • Greeted an average of 200 guests per day and escorted them to their tables • Organized and scheduled reservations for 20+ customers daily over the phone and online • Presented the restaurant’s weekly specials and upsold customers on drink options

English – Native French – Fluent

SOFT SKILLS

Interpersonal Skills Collaboration Problem Solving Patient

HARD SKILLS

Microsoft Office Suite Google Drive Suite 70 WPM Typist Quickbooks

B.A. ENGLISH Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 2016

Conrad Benz, Hiring Manager

Content Manager

Conrad Benz is a Content Manager and Hiring Manager at Resume Genius. With 5+ years of experience as a career services professional, Conrad is passionate about helping people navigate the job search process and find fulfilling work. You can find Conrad’s career insights in publications like Typsy, Resume Library, CompTIA, and more. Conrad graduated with a B.A. in International Relations from Goucher College in Maryland and currently lives in Taipei, Taiwan, where he helps ensure every article on Resume Genius provides job seekers with the information they need to succeed. If you want to reach Conrad for a quote or media-related inquiry, you can contact him at [conrad] @ [resumegenius.com].

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The Difference Between a Cover Letter and the Email You Send With Your Application

When it comes to making a job change, getting it right truly matters. You need to get the keywords right , the messaging right , the formatting right . You’ve got to find the right people to endear yourself to, and the right words for your cover letter and follow-up correspondence.

And, for the love of it all, you’ve got to nail the approach.

But, my oh my, there are so many considerations—so many things we all second guess ourselves on when applying for a job.

Should you make the cover letter the body of the email, or attach it separately? (Or both?) Do you address the person by first name, or go with Mr. / Ms. So-and-So? (And, does same rule apply for both?) How casual or formal do you need to be? Is there a right or wrong format for cover letters and emails? Does the cover letter need to be a page or less? How long should the intro email be?

Holy Hannah—it’s enough to make the coolest cucumbers among us start to feel like crazy people. And that’s even before you’ve made an introduction.

Deep breaths, everyone. Deep breaths. Let’s break this cover letter stuff down into manageable chunks. Here’s what you need to know:

Should the Cover Letter Be an Attachment or Just the Body of Email?

The short answer is: either. Not both, either.

If you ask 10 recruiters of hiring managers which they prefer, you’ll probably get five who say attachment and five who say email. But here’s the good news: Nearly all will report that it’s not going to make or break you either way. So, don’t let this topic unravel you.

I happen to be a proponent of “cover letter as body of the email,” and here’s why: It gives you the opportunity to make a strong, memorable first impression the millisecond that reviewer’s eyes open their inbox. You can draw someone in with an incredible opening line, and then showcase the ways in which you could contribute to the team.

If, instead, you decide to go with cover letter as attachment, you should be brief and point the reader to the attachments.

I’ve learned you are seeking a senior project manager with e-commerce experience and knowledge of Jira. That’s me. My attached resume and cover letter outline my qualifications for the role. Thank you very much for your consideration. I hope to hear from you soon!

Keep it brief if you go this route. Those on the receiving end won’t appreciate having to plow through a super long email and all your attachments.

Lastly, don’t even think about replicating the cover letter in both the email and the attachment. That’s just ridiculous (and, makes you look totally indecisive).

Now that we got that figured out, let’s answer the other questions that are probably eating at you:

Do I Use a First Name Salutation—or a More Formal One?

This is best answered with, “It depends”—for both the cover letter and the accompanying email. (I know, just doing my part to make things simple here.)

In all seriousness, it’s best to evaluate the tone and style of the organization you’re attempting to join, and then guess which salutation would be most would the appropriate and appreciated. You can do this pretty easily by reviewing the company’s website and social media presence.

Remember, you’re going to be hired for that next role if (and only if) you’re a “yes” to these three questions

• Do we think she can do this job?
• Do we like her?
• Do we think she’ll fit in around here?

That said, if you can introduce yourself in a way that implies right out of the gates that you’re a triple yes, you’re in business.

Is a Conversational Style Allowed?

In general, I think that job seekers get a bit too revved up about “proper” and end up losing sight of the fact that there’s an actual person at the receiving end of this (assuming you’re emailing your application directly).

Guess what? People like engaging, conversational reading. They notice when an applicant seems genuine, personable, and interesting. They appreciate when plowing through their pile of candidates doesn’t feel like total drudgery.

That being the case, unless you’re applying for a role within an extremely conservative or structured industry or organization, heck yes, a conversational style is allowed. Certainly, this is not your time to bust out a bunch of slang or (gasp) use language that could offend, but it’s a-ok to make your cover letter or intro email read like you’re a real person.

Just be sure and make it clear—in both cases—why you want to work for that company and what, specifically, you can walk through their doors and deliver.

Is the One Page Rule for Cover Letters Still True? What About in an Email?

Hard and fast “rules” make me crazy in general, so I’m not going to announce the exact length that your cover letter or your intro email need to be. I will simply suggest that you get in there, quickly endear yourself to the recipient, and then spell out, specifically, how and why you make perfect sense for the role you’re pursuing. And then wrap it up.

If you can pull it off with a one-page cover letter, absolutely. If you need a page and a half? So long as you’re peeling out any and all unnecessary blabber, knock yourself out. (And this article tells you how to cut it down to make it as effective as possible.)

For the email, again, get to the point and don’t be redundant if you’re also attaching a cover letter.

You can get these things right, for real. Nail the big stuff, sweat the details that truly matter, and get right to the business of making your grand entrance, well, one that’s grand.

Education and Human Development

Cover letters

• Professional development
• June 7, 2024

A cover letter (also called a letter of introduction or letter of application) should be submitted to a specific position along with a resume. A cover letter is another way to introduce yourself to a future employer while highlighting your relevant skills, abilities, and experience. A strong cover letter can be the difference between standing out during the application process or missing a potential opportunity.

You can use this template [PDF] to get you started.

General Format

Introduction Paragraph: Introduce yourself and inform the reader why you are writing, how you learned of the position, and of any personal contacts you may have with the organization. Mention aspects of the organization that interest you based on your research.

Body paragraphs (2-3 paragraphs)

Clearly express why you want this position and how you are a good fit for the position and/or company. Inform the reader(s) of your skills and qualifications and how they can benefit the company. Focus on 2-3 specific qualifications directly in the job description and provide examples of how you’ve demonstrated the skills they are looking for. Use your voice to help bring life and personality to your application.

Final/closing paragraph

Summarize and reiterate how your skills and qualifications can match their needs. Request a specific follow up (generally an interview) and give the employer one or two good ways to contact you. Thank the reader for his/her/their time and let them know a specific date, generally within a week, that you will follow up with them.

Cover Letter Tips

• Keep to 1 page in length
• Tailor a fresh cover letter for each position you apply for
• Be sure to focus on adding specific examples of the skills you have to offer. This is the biggest part of the cover letter and what makes it different from your resume. Do not be afraid to tell a story.
• Remove words or phrases that add length, not substance
• If you know the information, address your letter to the hiring manager directly instead of using "To Whom it May Concern:"
• Make sure there are no grammatical or punctuation mistakes
• Use the same font style in your cover letter that is used in your resume
• Focus on specific skills and how you are an ideal candidate for the position and organization

All Formats

Difference Between Job Application Letter and Cover Letter

Have you ever tried writing business letters ? If so, what type of business letters have you tried writing? In terms of writing such letters, you may have mistaken one for another, such as believing that a job application letter and a cover letter are the same. An application letter and a cover letter are two completely different things. A job application letter template is a letter that contains your intentions about the job, while a cover letter introduces the applicant and is usually submitted together with a resume. Cover letters in Word and job application letter writing follow almost the same guidelines but differ on how they should be presented. However, whether it’s for college admission or business employment, both letters are integral to the application process. Use these short yet formal letters when answering a job vacancy for a hotel manager, construction engineer, retail clerk, marketing teacher, company accountant, and more. From fresh graduate applicants to seasoned professionals, the right letter is vital for any jobhunter.

Difference Of Application Letter and Cover Letter

Application letter.

• A job application letter format in Word is a business letter that states an applicant’s intention in a specific job applying for.
• It is a letter that provides detailed information about the applicant.
• It explains how a person was able to discover the job, how interested is he in the job, as well as the reasons why he wanted to be chosen.
• Skills and abilities are also clearly identified in a scholarship application letter because it helps in determining how qualified the applicant is.

Formal Job Application Letter Template

• Google Docs

Job Application Letter for Junior Doctor Template

• Apple Pages

Email Job Application Letter Template

Fresher Job Application Letter Template

Job Application Letter for Undergraduate Student Template

Job Application Letter For Junior Accountant Template

Marketing Assistance Job Application Letter Template

Job Application Letter for Medical Doctor Template

Job Application Letter for Assistant Professor Template

Job Application Letter For Graphic Designer Template

Job Application Letter for Executive Secretary Template

Job Application Letter for Executive Template

Job Application Letter for Executive Assistant Template

Job Application Letter For Receptionist Position Template

Job Application Letter For Receptionist Template

Job Application Letter Template For Accountant

Job Application Letter Template For Assistant

Job Application Letter Template For Software Engineer

Job Application Letter for Pastry Chef Template

Job Application Letter for Volunteer Template

Job Application Letter for Administrative Position Template

College Admission Application Letter Template

Job Application Letter For Accountant Assistant Template

Job Application Letter for Employment Template

Job Application Letter for Teacher Vacancy

Fresh Graduate Resume Civil Engineer Entry Level

Cover Letter

• A cover letter template in Google Docs , on the other hand, is a letter that introduces an applicant, it mentions the job title a person is applying for.
• The purpose of a cover letter ( cover letter samples in PDF ) is to encourage someone in the recruitment team to read an applicant’s resume.
• A cover letter also matches the skills and abilities required by the job.
• It is a document that does not exceed more than one page.
• The closing of a cover letter is usually in the form of a call to action.

Cover Letter For Teacher Job Application Template

Hotel Marketing Manager Cover Letter Template

Formal Business Cover Letter Template

Short Finance Clerk Cover Letter Template

Merits of Application Letter and Cover Letter

• Cover letters and college application letters formally introduce the job applicant. It describes how skills and abilities qualify a person for the job they applied for.
• They also explain unique traits and other significant experiences that molded a person into becoming an ideal employee in the designated area of expertise.
• They also serve as supporting details of a resume and a curriculum vitae. The things in the bullet list of a resume or curriculum vitae can be clearly explained in an application letter and accountant cover letter with emphasis.
• They also help explain the things you wanted to contribute to the company you are applying for.
• Lastly, cover letters and application letters make stand out among other applicants because the two documents can’t get a second look, it is mainly unique because each person is different and has different styles and ways of doing things.

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