how to upload my thesis online

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EBSCO Open Dissertations

EBSCO Open Dissertations makes electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) more accessible to researchers worldwide. The free portal is designed to benefit universities and their students and make ETDs more discoverable. 

Increasing Discovery & Usage of ETD Research

EBSCO Open Dissertations is a collaboration between EBSCO and BiblioLabs to increase traffic and discoverability of ETD research. You can join the movement and add your theses and dissertations to the database, making them freely available to researchers everywhere while increasing traffic to your institutional repository. 

EBSCO Open Dissertations extends the work started in 2014, when EBSCO and the H.W. Wilson Foundation created American Doctoral Dissertations which contained indexing from the H.W. Wilson print publication, Doctoral Dissertations Accepted by American Universities, 1933-1955. In 2015, the H.W. Wilson Foundation agreed to support the expansion of the scope of the American Doctoral Dissertations database to include records for dissertations and theses from 1955 to the present.

How Does EBSCO Open Dissertations Work?

Your ETD metadata is harvested via OAI and integrated into EBSCO’s platform, where pointers send traffic to your IR.

EBSCO integrates this data into their current subscriber environments and makes the data available on the open web via opendissertations.org .

You might also be interested in:

Thesis & Dissertation Publishing: Publish /Upload with ProQuest

• Getting Started
• Publish /Upload with ProQuest
• ProQuest Copyright Options
• Graduate Research (Research Guide) This link opens in a new window

What is ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global?

ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global is an abstracting database that offers access to 5 million citations to dissertations and theses from around the world from 1637 to the present day together with over 2.7 million full text dissertations that are available for download in PDF format. The database offers full text for most of the dissertations added since 1997 and strong retrospective full text coverage for older graduate works. Over 200,000 new dissertations and theses are added to the database each year.

Uploading Your Thesis or Dissertation

The University of Wyoming has an agreement with ProQuest to publish dissertations and theses by UW graduate students. The following link will take you to the ProQuest ETD Administrator website for the University of Wyoming. You need to establish an account on this site.

• ProQuest ETD Submission website for UW Site to set up an account to upload your thesis or dissertation, along with instructions and guidelines.

You may create your ProQuest ETD account before you are ready to publish. Be sure to remember your log-on information for when you return to the website to upload your document.

Thoroughly and carefully read the instructions for each page. Probably the biggest decision that you must make is your choice of ProQuest copyright option , i.e., whether to publish your work as open access or in the traditional manner. You must also make decisions on which specific subject areas you want your research cataloged under, as well as which keywords/search terms you want associated with your research. You must also provide payment at the time of uploading if you have selected any options that require payment.

Proper formatting of your uploaded document is critical to ensure timely publication. Take the time to ensure that formatting for page numbering, front matter, back matter, and chapters is correct. If you have questions, refer to the help documents provided on the website and the UW guidelines for theses and dissertations. Your department and/or adviser is another source of help and information.

Your document will need to be saved in a PDF format (with embedded fonts). Use the "Save As" function in Word (or another word processing software system) prior to uploading, or use the file conversion tool within ProQuest ETD.

• Preparing Your Manuscript (ProQuest ETD) Formatting specifications for submitting your thesis or dissertation PDF to ProQuest ETD.
• Guidelines page: Theses & Dissertations Publishing (Research Guide)

Once you submit your dissertation, the ETD Administrator will review your submission for formatting and other quality control issues. The final submittal to the ProQuest Dissertation & Theses database will take place after your graduation.

The ProQuest publishing process can take 8 to 12 weeks or more to complete. You will receive an email from ProQuest when your dissertation or thesis is published in the database.

ProQuest ETD Submission Video

• How to submit to ProQuest ETD (ProQuest LibGuide) To access a training video, click the links for "Recorded Webinars" then "ETD Administrator - Electronic Submissions: Product Education" then "ETD Administrator -- Student Submission Webinar."

Considerations about Your Dissertation or Thesis

• Author Dissertations FAQs (ProQuest) Q&As from ProQuest about submission & discoverability, embargoes, and publishing rights relating to your thesis or dissertation upload.
• ProQuest Copyright and Your Dissertation or Thesis Ownership, Fair Use, and Your Rights and Responsibilities
• ProQuest ETD Copyright Options (Research Guide page)
• << Previous: Getting Started
• Next: ProQuest Copyright Options >>
• Last Updated: Apr 16, 2024 12:08 PM
• URL: https://uwyo.libguides.com/dissertation-publishing

Dissertation & Thesis Publishing: Home

• LIU Post Print Dissertation Retrieval
• Ask a Librarian
• Dissertation/Thesis Binding

How To Publish Your Dissertation or Thesis Online and/or in Digital Commons@LIU repository

You have three options for publishing your dissertation or thesis online:

• Publish your dissertation  or thesis  in Digital Commons @ LIU - our Institutional Respository
• Publish your dissertation  or thesis  with Proquest /UMI Digital Dissertation Publishing (EDT Administrator)
• Publish your dissertation  or thesis  in BOTH of the above.

Proquest/UMI Digital Dissertation & Thesis Publishing

The library provides access to an online dissertation or thesis  publishing platform through Proquest/UMI Digital Dissertation & Thesis Publishing.  When you publish your dissertation or thesis online using this service it will be available in the Proquest Dissertation & Theses  Global   database and in Dissertations & Theses @ LIU database .  These databases can also be found on our library online databases page.  The links are provided below for your convenience. You may submit your dissertation or thesis once you have permission from your department to do so.

 You can go to the LIU dedicated “ETD Administrator” website at:

http://www.etdadmin.com/liu

On this page you will find links to information about publishing your dissertation or thesis online.  You are encouraged to read all of the provided information under the “Resources and Guidelines” tab so that you have a full understanding of the process and of your rights as an author. 

If you have not already done so you will first need to create an account by clicking on the "Sign up and get started today!" button. Once you have logged in and are ready to publish, you will be asked several questions during the process concerning copyright protection, open access publishing, and if you wish to delay (embargo) the publication of your dissertation or thesis.   The “traditional” publishing option is free of cost.  If you choose additional options you can pay online with a credit card. The online resources provided should answer your questions. 

You will be asked for your "Institutional Student ID" number during the process.  This is not your University login.  Your Institutional Student ID number can be found within your "My LIU" account or by contacting your academic department.

During the process you can also choose to order one or several personal print copies. These would be in addition to the bound copies you may have already ordered through the library if your department requires this. This online publishing service for digital dissertations and the bound dissertations oe thesis service in the library are separate programs. Please contact the Dean's office (516-299-2764) concerning ordering print copies of a dissertation through the library.

Once you submit your dissertation, the ETD Administrator will review your submission for formatting and other quality control issues.  The final submittal to the Proquest Dissertation & Theses Full-text database will take place after your graduation.

You must follow the formatting guidelines as stipulated by your department.   It is particularly important that you follow the correct format on the title page so that your dissertation or thesis can be indexed correctly.  For security reasons, do not include a page containing personal signatures.  Please remove the page or submit a replacement page without the signatures .  Proquest has advised not to include signatures.   If you include signatures in the document, you will need to resubmit and the publication of your dissertation or thesis will be delayed.

The Proquest publishing process can take up to 8 to 12 weeks to complete.  You will receive an email from Proquest when your dissertation or thesis is published in the databases.

If you still have questions concerning this program you can contact the ETD administrator, professor Natalia Tomlin ([email protected]).

In addition to submitting your dissertation or thesis to the ProQuest EDT Administrator, you can also submit your dissertation to the LIU Institutional Repository Digital Commons@LIU.  You do not need to submit your dissertation or thesis to the Digital Commons separately. During the submission process to ProQuest, you will be asked to indicate if you want your work to be in the Digital Commons @LIU repository as well. If you chose so, we will upload your work in the repository on your behalf.

Dear  Student,

We would like to invite you to submit your dissertation or thesis (free of charge) to our Digital Commons @LIU open access Institutional Repository.

Your submission to Digital Commons (should you chose to submit) would be in addition to submitting the dissertation or thesis to ProQuest. The advantage is broader dissemination of your scholarship. PLEASE NOTE that if you already indicated that you wish your work to be submitted into repository during ProQuest submission process, you don't need to do the steps outlined below. H owever, if you did not submit the work to ProQuest, OR you forgot to indicate that you wish your work to be in our repository, please follow the procedure " How to submit your thesis/dissertations to Digital Commons@LIU"

How to submit your thesis/dissertations to Digital Commons@LIU:

•  sign the submission agreement  http://digitalcommons.liu.edu/creative_works_permission.pdf  (electronic signature is fine) and scan it.
• email scanned permission and the copy of your thesis/dissertation to  http://digitalcommons.liu.edu . Please note that your paper can be in either World Document or PDF format. The front page has to be free of signatures.
• The library will upload your dissertation or thesis once/if your agreement is received.

Once your dissertation or thesis is posted:

• Once your work is uploaded, the system will automatically create an account for you in BePress. The account will use email address that you supplied during submission. Bepress is the name of platform that hosts our repository. You can log into the system and create/change your password. To do so, log into the site via "My Account" link (you will need to use email address that your supplied during submission process). Click on the "Edit Profile" option from "My Account" page and update email.
• your dissertation or thesis is periodically featured as a Paper of the Day
• you receive URL “for life’ that you can include in social media sites, digital portfolio, blackboard etc.
• you also receive monthly report if your research is downloaded during specific month period
• you have access to personal author dashboard that shows the location in the world where your work is read and downloaded as well as by what kind of organizations (educational, commercial etc.)
• your work is disseminated world-wide
• potential for increased Google citation statistics 

Proquest Dissertation Databases

• Dissertations & Theses @ LIU
• Dissertations & Theses Global

Example Title pages

• Library and Information Science
• Clinical Psychology

ETD WorkFlow

Attribution.

Created by Professor Robert Battenfeld

• Next: LIU Post Print Dissertation Retrieval >>
• Last Updated: Jan 6, 2024 4:05 PM
• URL: https://liu.cwp.libguides.com/dissertations

Dissertations & Theses: Electronic Theses & Dissertations

• Finding Theses & Dissertations
• Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Introduction to Submitting an Electronic Thesis or Dissertation

All University of Toledo graduate students who complete a thesis or dissertation are required to submit their document to the OhioLINK Electronic Theses & Dissertations (ETD) Center and Proquest/UMI.  The information on this page will help you with that process.  To make it as stress-free as possible we recommend the following steps, explained in more detail on this page:

• Familiarize yourself with the College of Graduate Studies information about Theses & Dissertations , including reading the format guidelines for the document, which includes information about margins, pagination, headings, figures, etc.  Microsoft Word templates are available to help with this process.
• Once the document is in its final format as a single word-processing document, convert it to a PDF document .
• Go to the OhioLINK ETD Center to submit your thesis or dissertation. 
• Pay special attention to formatting of any special characters.
• When you are creating the submission at the OhioLINK ETD Center, you will select the option to send your dissertation or thesis to ProQuest/UMI for traditional publishing.

If you have any questions about forms, graduation requirements, or the thesis & dissertation process as a whole, please contact the College of Graduate Studies staff.  For more information about converting your document to PDF, embedding fonts, or uploading your document to the OhioLINK ETD Center, contact Wade Lee-Smith in the University Libraries.

1. UToledo Thesis & Dissertation Guidelines

• ETD Template following formatting guidelines of Manual

Information about the University of Toledo Graduate School's guidelines for the preparation of theses and dissertations is found in the  Manual for the Formatting of Graduate Dissertations and Theses and addenda found on the Graduate Studies website .  This includes information about the format and style* of your document, including examples of title/signature pages for specific colleges.  The Manual also discusses UMI/Proquest submission requirements, copyright, and other information about submitting an electronic thesis or dissertation.

* Style guides for specific disciplines may be consulted as to the format for references or citations.

These templates for use in Microsoft Word may help you follow the formatting guidelines of the Manual :

• ETD Template for APA style, following Manual
• ETD Template for LaTeX users

2. Converting your document to PDF

• Saving as PDF in Microsoft Word See this guide for instructions on converting to PDF with fonts embedded using Microsoft Word on a PC or Mac.

Electronic Theses and Dissertations must be submitted as a single PDF file of the entire document.  While some computers have the ability to save a word processing document in Adobe PDF format, not all do.  There are online utilities that can convert a word processing document into the PDF format, however.  If none of these services work for you, please contact Wade Lee-Smith (information at right) for assistance in converting your file.

• Neevia Technology Be sure to change Output Format to PDF/A to ensure that fonts are embedded.
• CometDocs Converts with embedded fonts.
• PDF Converter Converted files can be downloaded directly or e-mailed to you. This online utility does embed all fonts used in your document.
• UToledo Virtual Lab The Virtual Lab has been equipped with the Adobe PDF printer. This printer gives you the ability to turn your documents into PDFs. These files can then be e-mailed, saved to your local hard drive, or saved to your "H" drive for later printing. more... less... To use the Adobe PDF printer to create a PDF of your Microsoft Word document follow these instructions: # Open Microsoft Word # Type and save your document # Click the Office button in the upper-right corner of the screen and choose # "Print" # When the printer dialogue box opens you should see "Adobe PDF" as the chosen printer # Click "OK" # You'll now be prompted to choose a location for your PDF file. It is important that you do not save your document to the Virtual Lab computer. Instead, choose either your "H" drive or your computer's local "C" drive from the drop-down menu # Click "OK" and your PDF file is created # You can now browse to the location you saved your file to view it

3. Submitting to the OhioLINK ETD Center

The OhioLINK ETD Center is a repository of theses and dissertations submitted by students graduating from colleges and universities across Ohio.  The University of Toledo participates in the OhioLINK ETD Center, and you can upload your thesis or dissertation (including Honors theses) and make it publicly available on this site.  More information about the OhioLINK ETD Center can be found in their FAQ .

To submit your thesis or dissertation, you need to have your document available as a single PDF file.  (See the PDF Conversion box on this page for information on how to convert your document.)

Submitting your document is a multi-step process.  Go to the ETD Submission page to begin.

• First, you must create a user account.  Click on "New User? Register Here!" to create your account.  A temporary password will be e-mailed to you.  Use that password to login, then change your password.
• Then, click on Create new ETD to begin the upload process.
• You will select your school.  Note that there are different selections for University of Toledo Main Campus programs (listed as University of Toledo), University of Toledo Health Science Campus, and University of Toledo Honors Theses.  Then, you must accept the publication agreement.
• In the Information about Your Paper section, you will enter your paper's title, abstract, year, pages, and related keywords.  Keywords should be separated by a semicolon (;) not a comma.  You will also chose one or more relevant subject headings from a pre-defined list.  Note:   you cannot paste your abstract or other information directly from Microsoft Word if it includes special characters such as 'curly quotes', ellipses (...), accented characters or greek symbols, etc.  See the Special Characters box on this page for instructions on including them.
• In the Information about Your Degree section, you will choose the name of your degree (Master of Arts, Doctor of Education, Master of Science in Engineering, Doctor of Philosophy, etc.) and program, and then enter the advisor and committee information from your title page.  Use the examples provided on the page to properly format names.
• a standard copyright agreement where you reserve all rights and may be required if you will be publishing your dissertation commercially through an outside publisher.
• Creative Commons licenses, allow others certain rights to reproduce your work.  These licenses are non-revocable; please understand their terms carefully before selecting a Creative Commons option.  If you are in doubt, discuss with your advisor.
• Whether you require a publication delay (such as may be required for patentability reasons).  Only your abstract will be available until the delay period ends.  Check with your advisor to see if this is necessary.  The delay requested must match the information you filled out on your College of Graduate Studies' Intellectual Protection and Patent Form .
• UMI Publication.You will select the publishing option to send your document to ProQuest UMI for traditional publishing
• Finally, you can upload your PDF file from your computer.  Check the file after upload to ensure that it adheres to the UToledo Thesis & Dissertation Guidelines (see box).  If there is any problem with the file, the College of Graduate Studies will reject the submission and you will have to return to the ETD Upload site to make corrections and resubmit your document.

4. Special Characters in ETD Submission

The OhioLINK ETD Submission form cannot accept special characters such as accented letters, greek letters, mathematical symbols, and some common punctuation added by word processing programs such as Microsoft Word.  To avoid having your entire submission rejected, make sure that these are not entered at any point in your ETD submission process.  Note: this refers only to the summary information you enter on the OhioLINK ETD Submission Form, not any special characters that may be used in the PDF copy of your actual thesis or dissertation document.

Tips for avoiding or replacing special characters:

• Copy and paste your abstract or title into a plain text editor (such as Notepad) before copying it into the form.  This should eliminate special characters such as 'curly quotes' (“”), em dashes (—), and ellipses (…) inserted by Microsoft Word.
• Look for any accented, greek, or mathetmatical symbols.  These must be replaced by HTML Character entites; a list of these codes can be found here or here .  So, for example, the accented character ñ would be written as &ntilde; , the greek letter Ψ would be written as &Psi; , and the mathematical symbol ∫ would be written as &int;.  (The replacement always begins with an ampersand (&) and ends with a semicolon (;)).
• If you have paragraphs in your abstract, include a blank line between them.

Subject Guide

Finding Electronic Theses & Dissertations

• OhioLINK ETD Center Search for ETDs produced at Ohio colleges and universities. Search by keyword, or browse by school and department.

In recent years, more and more students are publishing their work as Electronic Theses or Dissertations and making the publication available for free on the web.  Often these are made available through institutional repositories associated with their college or university, or a network of institutions.  Not every dissertation or thesis is available this way, and the less recent the publication date, the less likely it was made available as an ETD.  Here are some places to search across a large number of dissertation repositories.  You should also check the website of the college or university the student graduated from to see if there is any mention of ETDs.

• Open Access Theses & Dissertations Search for free, open access dissertations from over 1100 institutions.
• Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) Search through several ETD collections, typically across multiple institutions at once.
• Theses Canada Portal Can be searched for just electronic theses (be sure to click the radio button on the search form) done in Canada.

Bound Copies of your Thesis or Dissertation

Students wishing to retain extra paper copies of their dissertation/thesis should retain these copies and submit only the additional title pages [with original signature(s)] to the College of Graduate Studies for signature by its Dean. A maximum of five title pages will be signed."

Copies of dissertations can be ordered through the online sites below.

Alternative outlets such as Kinko's may also be of use.

• ProQuest UMI after publication
• Thesis on Demand
• Gradworks Online
• << Previous: Finding Theses & Dissertations
• Last Updated: Jan 20, 2023 5:25 PM
• URL: https://libguides.utoledo.edu/dissthes

Graduate Thesis Submission Guide

• Thesis Guide
• Formatting Requirements
• Submitting Your Thesis
• Managing References
• Database Pro Tips
• Avoiding Plagiarism This link opens in a new window
• Discoverability, Embargo, and the Scholarly Conversation
• Open Access Images
• Requesting Permission for Copyrighted Materials
• Thesis Collection This link opens in a new window

Video Walkthrough

How to submit your thesis.

1. Prepare your thesis according to the  formatting requirements  and  title page  templates.

2. Create an account on ProQuest ETD and log in.

3. Within ProQuest's ETD portal, fill out the online form and upload your thesis document as a PDF. You may also upload any additional files relevant to your project separately as supplemental files.

5. After submitting, our library staff will review your submission to check the formatting. If corrections are needed, you will be notified and can modify your submission online.

Frequently Asked Questions

   when is the submission period.

The final deadlines are set by the Registrar's Office, for questions contact [email protected]. Please check with your academic department as they may have earlier internal deadlines for thesis submission. 

  How should I format my thesis document?

  will i be able to upload videos, images, or other documents,   do i need to do anything special when i save my pdf,   can i get a print or bound copy of my thesis,   what graduation date should i put on my title page.

• "February" if degree requirements are completed at the end of Fall Semester.
• "May" if degree requirements are completed at the end of Spring Semester.
• "October" if degree requirements are completed at the end of Summer Semester.

We're Here to Help!

Have questions that aren't answered by this guide? Or are you feeling overwhelmed by the submission process?

Get support by contacting the  Reference Desk:

• Visit us in person at the Brooklyn Library (1st floor)
• Chat virtually using LibChat—you can find this function in the bottom right corner of  our website , labelled "Live Chat" or "Chat Offline"
• Telephone: 718.636.3704
• Email:  [email protected]
• Next: Formatting Requirements >>
• Last Updated: Apr 9, 2024 10:43 AM
• URL: https://libguides.pratt.edu/thesisguide

Submitting an Electronic Thesis to ProQuest

• Preparing Theses for ProQuest Submission

The Submission Process

Items to have on hand, how to upload your thesis, example thesis submission page, need help with your proquest submission.

• Publishing Options in ProQuest
• Embargos on your Thesis or Project

Once you have formatted your thesis, create your submission, a process which includes:

Providing your contact information

Providing a PDF version of your manuscript.

Making decisions about publishing options and restrictions

This should take 15-30 minutes

Some items to have on hand:

• A PDF copy of your dissertation/thesis. This must be a single file. If your manuscript is in Word or RTF format, we can convert it into a PDF.
• Optional Supplementary files (images, data, etc.) that are an integral part of the dissertation/thesis, but not part of the full text.
• Advisor and other Committee Members' Names

Steps to submit your thesis

1. Go to the ProQuest/UMI Electronic Thesis and Dissertation website for Sotheby's Institute of Art - New York:  http://www.etdadmin.com/sothebysinstitute

2. Create a personal account

3. The ProQuest Electronic Thesis and Dissertation system will guide you through the submission process step by step with a handy checklist on the left hand side of the screen.

4. Students have a few options during the submission process: publishing format, registering for US Copyright and ordering print copies. See the Publishing Options section for more information.

5. Once you have completed the thesis submission process your thesis will be stored in an electronic holding queue until all thesis grades are finalized. Passing theses will then be forwarded to ProQuest (usually in February or March). It is at this time that ProQuest will begin processing requests for filing US Copyright (if requested) and orders for bound copies (if requested).

• Do you need help submitting your thesis or simply have questions about the submission process?
• Are you feeling overwhelmed by the entire process? 
• No worries, we're here to help!

Book a one-on-one appointment with a librarian who will walk you through the submission process and answer any questions you may have. If you bring a copy of your thesis (as a Word .docx) we can help you prepare your file for submission. 

The submission deadline is :  January 2019 (Exact Date TBA)

Book an appointment 

• << Previous: Preparing Theses for ProQuest Submission
• Next: Publishing Options in ProQuest >>
• Last Updated: Oct 8, 2019 12:41 PM
• URL: https://sia.libguides.com/submittingtoproquest

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• Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs): Overview

Uw master’s theses and doctoral dissertations.

"A thesis or dissertation constitutes an important contribution to scholarship. Disseminating such contributions is consistent with the University of Washington’s mission to share its scholarly work with other scholars, students, and the public. Therefore, the University views the wide and timely dissemination of thesis and dissertation results as an obligation of students.

The Graduate School requires that all theses and dissertations be deposited electronically and made available through the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database , and through the University of Washington Libraries’ ResearchWorks repository service – which makes them available to other UW researchers and the general public."

- UW Graduate School's  Policy for Deposit and Dissemination of Master’s Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Latest ETD Webinar

• Video and Slides from the Latest ETD Information Session

Some useful resources

• UW Graduate School Thesis/Dissertation Website The starting point for all of the Grad School's information about the ETD process
• UW ETD Administrator The portal through which you will upload your thesis or dissertation
• UW ResearchWorks UW's institutional repository, which hosts all theses and dissertations and makes them openly available on the web
• UW Copyright Guide Information about US copyright law

Scholarly Publishing Outreach Librarian

Copyright Librarian

• Next: Access Decisions >>
• Last Updated: Mar 27, 2024 10:06 AM
• URL: https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/etds

Thomas Vanhoutte

Personal website and blog

Submit academic research paper to Google Scholar

You have worked many months to complete your thesis or academic paper and you have relied on existing knowledge to finalize your research. Now you want to make your work available to the public. Here is how to properly include your academic research (journal article, thesis, book, ) in the Google Scholar search engine.

Create your Google Scholar profile

From this page, you can create your Google Scholar profile page. Include as much information as possible, such as a profile picture, your website, affiliation and areas of interest. I would also recommend you to make your profile public.

Once your profile looks good, we can move on to actually adding your academic writings. From here on, you have two options:

• You have only one or a few documents you want to submit, go for option 1
• You have many articles you want to add and are planning on writing even more in the future, go for option 2

Option 1 – Adding one by one

If you only want to include one document (let’s say, your master’s thesis), you can do so manually. Here are the steps:

• Go to this page to start adding a document manually.
• Choose the type of document (journal, conference, chapter, book, thesis, patent, court case or other).
• Fill in all the details about your article (title, author(s), publication date(s), volume, publisher, institution).

Click save and if you filled in everything correctly, you will see the message ‘Added article to your profile’. Congratulations!

Option 2 – Submit a website with all your work

In case you have an academic career and you have a list of work on your (academic or personal) website, option 2 is more suitable for you.

Google has guidelines to help you index your website that contains your academic work. Here are the steps you should follow to successfully include all of your work at once:

• Go to this page  and pick the type of website you are submitting. In my case, I choose ‘Personal publications’.
• Read and check the check-boxes that apply to you, such as ‘My inclusion request is for my personal publications’.
• Fill in the requested details, whereby the your webpage with academic articles should be filled in by ‘List of publications page’.
• Lastly, you are asked to include one or more article examples. So, paste the direct link to on or more of your PDFs there.

click submit and you are greeted with this message

Thanks for submitting your website to Google Scholar. Our crawl team is working hard to add new content as quickly as possible, and we appreciate your assistance. Please keep in mind that bibliographic data is extracted from your pages by automatic software. If you aren’t satisfied with the accuracy of your listings, please refer to our technical guidelines at http://scholar.google.com/intl/en/scholar/inclusion.html for ways to provide more accurate bibliographic data. An email detailing your submission has been sent to [email protected] . If your content meets our guidelines, you can generally expect to find it included within the Google Scholar results within 4-6 weeks.

Be patient, because as the message says, it can take up to a month or more before your articles are indexed. You will also receive an e-mail from  [email protected] with the data you just submitted.

Follow your own profile

Here is a great tip: follow your own Google Scholar profile!

Go to your own profile and at the top right, choose ‘follow’. Enter your e-mail and create the alert. If Google adds a new article to your profile, or a new citation, you will receive an e-mail alert.

This is an excellent way to receive a heads up if another researcher or student has cited your work in their academic writings. Maybe you can even reach out to the author(s) and talk about their research; a great way to expand your network.

Join the conversation

17 Comments

What are good open alternatives or extensions for Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search?

Mate is it equivalent to journal publishings.

Thanks a lot Mr. Thomas. I am much benefited by your informative article. The way and simplicity gave me enourament to read all and actually helped me to solve my problem. God bless you.

I like to add my journal in indexing of google scholar

Thanks Thomas for the link to “Submit a website with all your work”, that was a great tip.

I am genuinely happy to read this webpage posts which carries lots of valuable information, thanks for providing such statistics.

RESPECTED SIR, HOW CAN I UPLOAD MY ARTICLE WHICH IS NOT PUBLISHED ANYWHERE TO GOOGLE SCHOLAR, AS I AM A PHD SCHOLAR, THERE IS NO PROVISION TO UPLOAD AND SAVE OPTION IN MY SCHOLAR ACCOUNT. I JUST OPENED AN ACCOUNT SIR. PLS GUIDE ME IN THIS REGARD. THANK YOU SIR

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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Name Course Professor Institution City and State location The Date  

TABLE OF CONTENT 1. Introduction…………………………………………………..4 1.1 Background Information………………………………….4 1.2 Definition of Corporate Governance……………………4 1.3 Importance of Corporate Governance…………………..4 1.4 Corporate Governance Theories………………………….5 1.5 Corporate Governance Codes……………………………5 2. Corporate Governance Mechanism………………………….6 2.1 Corporate boards………………………………………….7 2.1.1 Corporate board Structure……………………………7 2.1.2 Role of corporate board……………………………..8 2.2 Institutional Investors……………………………………9 2.2.1 Role of Institutional Investors ……………………..9 2.3 Other Corporate Governance Mechanisms……………10 3. Case Studies…………………………………………………10 3.1 Enron…………………………………………………….10 3.1.1 Background………………………………………..10 3.1.2 Enron’s Failure of Corporate Governance………..11 3.2 Reckitt Benckiser………………………………………12 3.2.1 Background………………………………………..12 3.2.2 Failure of Corporate Governance…………………12 3.3 Satyam………………………………………………….13 3.3.1 Background………………………………………..13 3.3.2 Failure of Corporate Governance ………………..13 3.4 WorldCom……………………………………………..14 3.4.1 Background……………………………………….14 3.4.2 Failure of Corporate Governance…………………14

4 Recommendations…………………………………………15 5 Conclusion…………………………………………………17 6 References…………………………………………………18   Introduction 1.1 Background Many scholars, economists, and other professions consider 2007- 2009 global financial crisis as the worst financial crisis ever since the great depression of 1930. The period characterized by the collapse of many financial institutions, massive bailouts, the economic downturn and finally the great recession was primarily attributed to the failure of corporate governance. As much as this was a low point in corporate governance, it also showed its importance not only to individual firms but to the world economy as a whole (Tricker & Tricker 2015). Never before has the notion that corporate boards and institutional investors are the most important corporate governance mechanisms in the firms with important implications for the sustainable long-term success of the firm been so vividly seen. From time immemorial as humans, we have always learned from our mistakes and the 2007-2009 was an eye opener especially to corporate governance. Before I can explain further on the notion, it is important to learn the basic aspects of corporate governance. 1.2 Definition of Corporate Governance Corporate governance in simple terms refers to the set of rules, processes, and practice through which a company is controlled and directed with (Solomon 2007). It involves balancing the interests of the organization with the interests of other parties such as the government, investors, lenders, suppliers, the community etc. 1.3 Importance of Corporate Governance When executed properly, corporate governance can help a company avoid certain risks such as lawsuits, fraud, and misappropriation of funds. In addition to that, good corporate governance helps in boosting the organization’s brand and reputation to the media, investors, suppliers, customers and the society as the whole. Furthermore, cooperate governance protects the financial interests of the individuals involved with the company such as the shareholders and the employees as explained by (Vitez, 2017).

1.4 Theories of Corporate Governance Corporate governance can be defined in many ways but when it comes to analyzing it, we do it through a framework of different theories. One of those theories is the agency theory which looks at the shareholders as the principals and the executives that have been hired to run the business as their agents. Another theory is the stewardship theory which looks at the executive as the stewards of the shareholders with both parties sharing the same goals. In addition to that, we have the resource dependent theory which considers the board as to be in existence so as to provide resources to the management with the aim of achieving the overall objectives of the business. Stakeholder theory comes from the assumptions that it is not just the shareholders who have an interest in the company but other parties too such as suppliers, the government, creditors among others (Farrar 2008). This means that this parties too can be affected by the success or failure of the business. Other theories of cooperate governance include transaction cost theory, political theory, and ethical related theories. 1.5 Corporate Governance Codes Introduction The code of governance over the years have originated for various reasons or in response to various circumstances. The first major release was in 1992 by Sir Adrian Cadbury popularly referred to ‘Cadbury Code’ titled “the Financial Aspects of Corporate Governance”. Following serious revisions over the years, the code is nowadays administered by the Financial Reporting Council. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) developed the first internationally influential codes back in 1999 following a business advisory committee that was led by Irra Milstein. Boards that govern companies are influenced by several documents which include but not limited to articles of incorporation, by-laws, corporate governance guidelines, committee charters, and codes of conduct. When it comes to the United States, various federals laws such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Act, federal laws as well as federal security laws in addition to regulations, rules, and guidance from SEC are used. These documents are meant to be used for the purpose of best practices and flexible working standards to safeguard the various parties that have an interest in the organization. In short, they basically outline the interaction between the board and management outlining the structure and the behavior of the board. The codes are normally contributed to by various individuals including investors, accounting firms, regulators, banks, corporate governance interest organizations, academics, and stock exchanges, among others.

Corporate Governance Mechanism Policies, control, and guidelines are vital for an adequate corporate governance mechanisms. An effective corporate governance mechanism will consist of a number of various mechanisms. The first level consists of internal mechanisms which monitor the business from within and take corrective measures when the business stray away from its set objectives. They include reporting lines that are clearly defined, systems that measure performance and systems for the smooth operation of the business. The next level is the external mechanisms which are controlled by those outside the business and serve the objectives of outsiders such as the regulators, government, financial institutions, and trade unions among others. The objectives of the external mechanism include proper debt management and legal compliance by the company in question. The last level consists of an audit of the entity’s financial statements by an independent auditor who generally works to serve both the internal and external parties that are involved with an organization to ensure that their interests are guided and that the management is doing everything properly. They also act as a second opinion to back up what the management is saying. 2.1 Corporate Boards The board generally consist of groups of individuals elected or nominated by shareholders in the annual general meeting. The board of directors normally act as a bridge between the company and the shareholders -it decides as a fiduciary with the aim of protecting the latter’s interests. This is the norm with a Public company even though nowadays most non-profit making organizations and private companies also have a board. Their main mandate is to make policies for corporate management and also to make decisions on major issues that affect the company. 2.1.1 Corporate Board Structure The structure of the board of directors is mainly guided by the company’s bylaws which sets out the structure, number of members, how often they meet etc. The most important element is that it should be able to balance both the interests of the management and Shareholders. The duties are regulated by the statutory laws, federal statutory laws, listing standards, common law and shareholder activism and litigation. The membership of the board normally constitutes independent directors, senior company executives, non-independent directors such as former senior executives of the company among others. Nasdaq rules require the majority of the board members to be independent and in they constitute up to 75% or more of the boards in 93 of the top 100 US companies. Most boards consist of 8 to 15 members. There are no age and nationality restrictions although in recent years gender balance has been emphasized. 2.1.2 Roles of the Corporate Boards The board’s primary role as discussed earlier is the fiduciary duty to safeguard the finances and the legal requirements of the entity. They do this by ensuring that the entity in questions does all that is required of it by the law, and the funds are properly used. Another role of the board of directors is setting up the mission and vision of the organization. In addition to that, they ensure that the management adheres and work towards achieving them. Over sighting the activities of members of the organization such as executives is another role of the corporate board. The board ensures that the management adheres to rules and regulations and do their work as prescribed. Other roles of the board of directors come up in the annual meetings where-by, they announce the annual dividends, oversee the appointment of key executives and amend the by-laws where it is necessary (Dimopoulos & Wagner, 2016). Other roles of the corporate board include setting up the strategy for the company for long-term survival, short-term gains and future exploration of opportunities that are likely to arise. This might also include setting up the structure of the company to ensure efficiency. The board, however, does not take part in the day to day running of the organization and thus serve another role of delegating the duties to the management. The board should also monitor, control functions and set up compensation plans for the executives. Last but definitely not least, the board helps in acquiring resources for the organization while ensuring continuity. With great power comes great responsibilities. The board must always use their powers for the right reason and do what is required of them by the shareholders of the company. The board must always carry out whatever they do in the full interest of the company, and in case there is a conflict of interest then the interests of the company should always come first. They must also carry out their task with due care minding the interests of both the shareholders and that of the employees. Other responsibilities of the board include acting as the court of appeal in case there are disputes, accessing the performance of the firm and enhancing the organization’s overall public image and brand name. 2.2 Institutional Investors An institutional investor is a person, persons or organization that pools money or provides funds to purchase securities, other investment assets, property or originate loans. They include financial institutions such as banks, Insurance companies, pension and hedge firms, investment advisors, commercial trusts and mutual funds. For a firm to grow, it requires resources inform of money which is provided by these institutional investors who get profits and interests as compensation for their troubles in taking the risk. The returns should exceed the fees and expenses of the investments and is compared against treasury bills which are considered to be risk-free. 2.2.1 Roles and Responsibilities of Institutional investors The best thing about institutional investors is the fact that they have expertise and knowledge to monitor the health and progress of the business. With this knowledge, they can provide the best advice the organization and also control the tendency of the management to put their interests first as opposed to the interests of the company. This active monitoring helps reduce misappropriation of funds and other forms of fraud (Gillan & Starks 2002, pp. 275-305) The institutional investors can act as a source of stability in hard times as was the case in the coal crisis in India recently. By offering additional funds, the institutional investors increase their stake and say in the company thus can push for better corporate governance. Another aspect related to this is the fact the institutional investors have a louder voice compared to minority investors. Most of the time when minority shareholders raise their concerns on corporate governance, they will rarely get addressed or at times get thwarted by the minorities which are not the case with institutional investors. 2.3 Other Corporate Governance Mechanism Other parties that are involved in corporate governance include the shareholders themselves who have the biggest interests as the main contributors of capital, the employees who get their incomes and job security from the good governance of the company, the government which gets taxes from the organization and the society as a whole which benefits from job creation, income distribution, corporate social responsibility activities of the firm among other benefits. Case Studies 3.1 Enron 3.1.1 Background The story of Enron was not only the largest bankruptcy case at the time but also the biggest audit failure. This was cited by many as the biggest corporate governance failure especially on the part of corporate boards and institutional investors. Enron was founded in 1985 by Kenneth Lay who also triples up as the chairman and chief executive officer. This was after merging Houston Natural gas and Intermonth. Other key people involved with Enron included: Jeffrey Skiing who was the C.O.O, Andrew Fastow who was the CFO and Rebecca Mark-Jusbasche who was the once a vice chairman. From 1995 to 2000 Enron was in fact named America most innovative company by Fortune. In the mid-2000s at its peak, the shares of Enron were trading at $90.75 per share. By the end of November 2001, they were trading at less than $1 per share. This was when the shareholders filed a $40 billion lawsuit. Enron filed for bankruptcy on December second, 2001 with assets worth $63.4 billion making it the biggest bankruptcy scandal ever in American history at the time. At this stage, the shares were going at $0.26 per share. 3.1.2 Failure of Corporate Governance in Enron Lack of due care and skill from the board was one of the reasons why Enron failed. As submitted by S.Watkins, Kenneth Lay who was Enron’s chair, could not get what was being said to him in regards to the company having questionable accounting practices. This also showed lack of proper communication between the board and the executives. This was further elaborated by Jeffrey McMahon, the new Enron’s president who said it was virtually impossible to challenge the authorities at Enron. A culture of intimidation had also developed at the company with the likes of Ms. Watkins fearing to lose their jobs. The board literally failed in its role of directing. This showed some sort of conflict of interests where they were more than happy to receive high compensations without asking serious questions which would have led to a decrease in their personal bonuses. The management who carried out the day to running of the Enron misrepresented information by allocating Enron’s debts to its dubious partners. This also showed the lack of proper internal controls at Enron (Carberry & Zajac 2017, p.15134). The corporate investors also failed to properly supervise the company and advice accordingly. For example, according to an economist at Enron, it was important it was all mind games as it was important for the employees, investors, and analysts to believe that the stock will bounce back. Other corporate investors such as the two trustees of Enron’s 401(k) plan failed in their duties as they did not warn the plan participants despite a memo detailing the accounting malpractices. The institutional investors also had all the knowledge and expertise but failed to utilize them- they just sat back and believed whatever they were told. 3.2 Reckitt Benckiser 3.2.1 Background Reckitt Benckiser is a British multinational that produces consumer goods to do with hygien, health, and home products. The name comes from the merging of a United Kingdom company Reckitt & Coleman and Benckiser NV that was based in the Netherlands back in 1999. The most well-known products worldwide include Dettol and Strepsil. Reckitt Benckiser acquired Korean Oxy brand in 2001 which had been using polyhexamethathylene guanidine (PHMG) in a product since 1996. In 2011, PHMG was banned by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and prevention after a published report showed a link to lung damage and report. Several reports also came out supporting the Korean report, and at the height of this in 2016 a coalition of consumer groups came out for the total boycott of Reckitt Benckiser products after it had been linked to more than 500 deaths from a BBC report. 3.2.1 Failure of Corporate Governance Mechanism in Reckitt Benckiser In the case of corporate governance, the management and directors fail as a whole in doing their duty of due care and skill when acquiring the Korean Oxy brand. They had a duty to investigate and know what is in the product. They put the company’s financial interests before the safety of the consumers. In addition to that, several attempts were made by the board and management to suppress investigations instead of taking corrective measures. Even though this was mostly a failure by the management and board, institutional investors also had the power to ask questions. Despite the various reports, they were silent till there was outrage in the mass media. 3.3 Satyam 3.3.1 Background Satyam was India’s fourth largest computer service company in India which has a population of over 1 billion. It was even listed on New York Stock exchange in 2001 with revenues exceeding $1 billion. The founder, M. Raju Ramalinga who was also the chair was a highly regarded person in the business often gracing all the major corporate events. In 2008 Satyam won the coveted prize of the Golden Peacock Award for compliance issues and Risk Management in corporate governance. In 2009, M. Raju confessed that the company’s accounts had been falsified by a massive $1.47 billion (Bhasin 2005). In the same year, Satyam stock was banned from trading on the New York Stock Exchange, and the Golden Peacock Award stripped off. Mr. Raju was later convicted together with other senior members. 3.3.2 Failure of Corporate Governance Mechanisms The board at Satyam failed in their primary duty of due care and monitoring the activity of the business as they did not notice the discrepancy. This was so evident that the first order was to appoint a temporary board. The board also put their interests first at the expense of the company for financial gains as confessed by their chairman. Despite the amount that falsified being that large, the auditors who were Price Water House Coopers failed in their auditing duties as they did not report anything amiss despite having all the expertise and experience. They were even fined $6 million by the US stock exchange for not following the code of conduct and auditing standards in when offering their services to Satyam. Institutional investors also failed to raise questions or properly examine the financial statements. Furthermore, with their expertise, they should have pushed for compliance with the corporate code of governance. 3.4 Worldcom 3.4.1 Background Before filing for bankruptcy protection in 2002, WorldCom was the second largest long distance phone company in the United States. With assets totaling over $104 billion, $30 billion in revenues and over 60,000 employees WorldCom filed for bankruptcy protection on July 1, 2002. The company later wrote down more than 75% of the total assets with over 17,000 of the workers losing their jobs. Over the period between 1999-2002, WorldCom had deliberately overstated their income before tax by over $7 billion which was the main reason behind the falling from grace to grass. It is currently known as Verizon business or Verizon enterprise solution after being acquired by Verizon Communications and is slowly rebuilding and being integrated into the parent company. 3.4.2 Failure of corporate Mechanism in WorldCom The biggest failure of WorldCom was the fact that the board had failed in its structuring role. Over the years, it had acquired a lot of companies with even one accountant confessing that they would get calls from people they did not even know existed. The departments were also not even properly structured for efficient working and were very decentralized. For example, the finance department was in Mississippi; the network operations were in Texas, the human resource in Florida and the legal department in Washington DC. This provided a challenge of communication as each department developed their ways of doing things. Apart from that, the difference in management style and the culture that was developed of not questioning seniors was a discouragement for employees who wanted to correct any issues that arose. In fact, there was a deliberate attempt by the management to hide vital financial issues as explained by Buddy Yates, the director of general accounting who was told he would be thrown outside the window in case he had shown the numbers to the auditors by Gene Morse, a senior manager. The employees also put their self-interests above the interest of the company as loyal employees were often compensated above the company’s approved salaries and bonus packages by Ebbers and Sullivan. The biggest failure was the board however as they failed terribly in all their roles and responsibilities including due care, supervision, bridging the gap between management and shareholder among others. In the case of institutional investors, they also failed terribly. No one raised a question on the structure of the firm or why the firm was highly decentralized. The increase in the salaries and compensation for the ‘loyal’ employees in the finance and accounting department should also have raised questions. Institutional investors should have also used their expertise to confirm the information that was being provided to them. Recommendations on Improving the Quality Of Corporate Governance Corporates Boards Should Meet Regularly: The corporates boards do not take part in the day to day running of the business, but they have a supervisory role. To carry out the tasks effectively, they need to meet more often (Christensen et al 2015, pp.133-164) Division of Responsibilities: The duties and responsibilities of a firm should be properly defined and allocated within an organization. This will help in reducing conflicts and also knowing who is liable and for what. This will also help enhance effective communication within an organization. Stronger Internal Controls: Controls in an organization should start from within for effective corporate governance. The controls include the supervision of seniors, physical controls, controls among others. Transparency: Corporate governance is all about transparency. Transparency does not mean revealing the companies but being honest in its activities. In case there is a loss it should be stated and corrective measures to correct it taken, Proper succession planning: One of the best attributes is that its life is not limited to that of the owners or directors. A proper succession plan should, therefore, be set in place to ensure that the values of the company that encourages proper corporate governance are passed from one generation to the other within the company Proper training of directors: The directors of the company are the eyes of the society and shareholders in the business. They need to be properly trained to carry out their tasks effectively as is required of them. Another option is to select a board of directors that is highly qualified in the different fields that the business is engaged in. Independent members increase: Any organization that is interested in improving its corporate governance should try as much as possible to increase the list of independent parties in its running. The independent parties with no direct relation can view the business from a better neutral point (Klapper & Love 2002, pp.703-728) Conclusion It is crystal clear from the discussions above that the corporate governance mechanisms such as corporate boards and institutional boards are the backbone for the survival of any company. From the cases discussed above, we can see the consequences of bad corporate governance and the fact that it does not matter how big the company is. In addition to that, there is a failure the many bodies that are meant to supervise corporate governance. Corporate governance board needs to do more than just take the words of corporations. It is an understatement to say that corporate governance should be a priority, it should actually be a prerequisite (Lebedeva et al 2016). 

References Bhasin, M.L., 2015. Corporate accounting fraud: A case study of Satyam Computers Limited. Carberry, E. and Zajac, E., 2017, January. How US Corporations Changed Executive Compensation after Enron: Substance and Symbol. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2017, No. 1, p. 15134). Academy of Management Christensen, J., Kent, P., Routledge, J. and Stewart, J., 2015. Do corporate governance recommendations improve the performance and accountability of small listed companies?. Accounting & Finance, 55(1), pp.133-164. Dimopoulos, T. and Wagner, H.F., 2016. Corporate Governance and CEO Turnover Decisions. Farrar, J., 2008. Corporate governance: theories, principles and practice. Oxford University Press Gillan, S.L. and Starks, L.T., 2000. Corporate governance proposals and shareholder activism: The role of institutional investors. Journal of financial Economics, 57(2), pp.275-305. Ilya, P., 2015. inc. [Online] Available at: http://www.inc.com/ilya-pozin/14-highly-effective-ways-to-motivate-employees.html [Accessed 27 January 2018].

Klapper, L.F. and Love, I., 2004. Corporate governance, investor protection, and performance in emerging markets. Journal of corporate Finance, 10(5), pp.703-728. Lebedeva, T.E., Akhmetshin, E.M., Dzagoyeva, M.R., Kobersy, I.S. and Ikoev, S.K., 2016. Corporate governance issues and control in conditions of unstable capital risk. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6(1S). Solomon, J., 2007. Corporate governance and accountability. John Wiley & Sons. Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015. Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Vitez, O., 2017. Bizfluent. [Online] Available at: https://bizfluent.com/facts-6884459-importance-corporate governance.html [Accessed 21 February 2018].

Hi, we have the scientific journal: https://journal.scsa.ge/

we are submitting it to google scholar manually already for one year, but it is not indexed still in scholar.

What can we do?

Hi, how to upload my thesis into google or share

hello, how to upload my thesis into google or share .

An impressive share! I’ve just forwarded this onto a friend who was doing a little research on this. And he actually bought me breakfast simply because I found it for him… lol. So let me reword this…. Thanks for the meal!! But yeah, thanks for spending time to discuss this subject here on your web site.

I am interested to publish my articles on Goodle scholar but I have know clear idea about the steps to follow. Please link me

Thanks, Thomas your article help me to explore google scholar differently thanks a lots.

Thanks, friend. I wanted to publish my marketing papers over there. Your article helped. Thanks again.

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How to Publish a Thesis Online

Jay darrington.

You've finally finished that major thesis, which represents everything you have learned in your time as a Master's degree student. After being given a final inspection by your thesis committee and a defense of your thesis, it's time to publish it so that others can view your work (and possibly make money off of it.) By publishing online, you can avoid many of the costs incurred with publishing physical books.

Contact your university's library or thesis department. Many times, universities enter into an agreement to allow students to publish their thesis online with a publishing company, often at reduced prices for the student. Check with the library for moving on to the next steps.

Upload your finished thesis to Lulu's self-publishing website (see Resources). Lulu allows you to upload a file to its website, then select the kind of book and backing that you want. It can also help you get an ISBN number for publishing to book stores.

Use Amazon's self-publishing service to publish your thesis (see Resources). Amazon also includes with its service the opportunity to have your thesis published onto Amazon's Kindle E-Book reader for others to read on the go. A thesis distributed as an E-book is ideal for any thesis that is particularly huge.

About the Author

Jay Darrington has been a professional writer since 2006, specializing in technology. He has published on several online blogs, including iTech24, iPhoneland and Tech101. He holds a Bachelor of Arts in communication technology from California State University.

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7 Websites where you can upload your research papers

As students, teachers, and professors, it becomes really challenging for them to publish their work , especially research that took a lifetime of effort to complete. Due to the unavailability of funds to publish them as a book, or due to a lack of people’s interest in the topic at that time, it even happens due to a lack of proofreaders or staff in publishing offices , and the digital media affecting the print media too. To avoid all these hassles and problems, many research papers websites provide great viewership platforms based on either subscription, free based on views, or even charging the public for them. For example, these platforms let the user upload research papers , thesis , and portfolios for the rest of the public to gather and gain knowledge.

1. Google Scholar | Research Papers Websites

Google Scholar is a free search engine that gathers the complete text or information of scholarly literature from a wide range of publishing formats and fields. It focuses on academic research. Not everything on Google Scholar will be publicly available in its entirety. However, if you’re searching for a particular document, it’s a wonderful place to start, and many papers may be downloaded free of charge.

2. Research Gate

ResearchGate is a commercial networking site in Europe where academics and researchers may exchange articles, ask, and answer questions, and discover colleagues. According to 2014 Nature research and a 2016 Times Higher Education article, it is the largest academic social media platform in terms of active members. ResearchGate releases an author-level indicator in the form of an “RG Score.” The RG rating is not a measure of citation effect. RG Scores have been shown to relate to existing author-level measures, but they have also been challenged for their uncertain dependability and unclear calculating process. ResearchGate does not charge a premium to post articles on the site, and they do not need peer review.

3. Microsoft Academia | Research Papers Websites

Microsoft Academic was a public, free online search engine for research papers and literature created by Microsoft Research. It highlighted authors, organizations, keywords, and periodicals. The search engine identified nearly 260 million items, nearly 88 million of which were journal articles.

The CORE is a research aggregator that is available to the public . This implies that it acts as a search engine for freely accessible research published by organizations all around the globe, all of which are freely available. It is also the world’s largest open-access aggregator, making it an invaluable resource for scholars!

5. DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Publications) | Research Papers Websites

DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Publications) was founded in 2003 and currently contains 300 open access journals. Today, this independent index includes about 17,500 authors , open-access publications from all disciplines of science, technology, health, social sciences, arts, and humanities. For indexing, freely accessible journals from all nations and languages are accepted.

Issuu, a genuinely contemporary media firm, allows anybody with digitally bound material to publish and spread their publications globally. In a matter of minutes. and as frequently as they want. Creators all around the world like to publish on Issuu because it provides them with the tools they need to thrive, such as collaboration tools, extensive analytics, and the possibility to charge for publications. And their customers are compensated with the finest possible reading experience—irrespective of platform or device.

7. Scribd | Research Papers Websites

Scribd is the best digital reading subscription service! Members get access to the greatest audiobooks, eBooks, magazines , and more, which are available at any time and on any device connected. We make it simple for readers to remain informed, find new interests and become their greatest selves. If you want to publish any work on Scribd, you will be placing it on a platform with over 100 million unique users every month from all over the world.

Anukriti is enthusiastic about her subjects and is a conscientious individual who takes deadlines very seriously. She handles her groups extremely effectively due to her excellent listening skills and leadership potential. She is a good learner and a self-assured individual. She enjoys exploring the world to broaden her horizons and become a better person.

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• Research Papers

How to Write and Publish Your Research in a Journal

Last Updated: February 26, 2024 Fact Checked

Choosing a Journal

Writing the research paper, editing & revising your paper, submitting your paper, navigating the peer review process, research paper help.

This article was co-authored by Matthew Snipp, PhD and by wikiHow staff writer, Cheyenne Main . C. Matthew Snipp is the Burnet C. and Mildred Finley Wohlford Professor of Humanities and Sciences in the Department of Sociology at Stanford University. He is also the Director for the Institute for Research in the Social Science’s Secure Data Center. He has been a Research Fellow at the U.S. Bureau of the Census and a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. He has published 3 books and over 70 articles and book chapters on demography, economic development, poverty and unemployment. He is also currently serving on the National Institute of Child Health and Development’s Population Science Subcommittee. He holds a Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Wisconsin—Madison. There are 13 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 698,242 times.

Publishing a research paper in a peer-reviewed journal allows you to network with other scholars, get your name and work into circulation, and further refine your ideas and research. Before submitting your paper, make sure it reflects all the work you’ve done and have several people read over it and make comments. Keep reading to learn how you can choose a journal, prepare your work for publication, submit it, and revise it after you get a response back.

Things You Should Know

• Create a list of journals you’d like to publish your work in and choose one that best aligns with your topic and your desired audience.
• Prepare your manuscript using the journal’s requirements and ask at least 2 professors or supervisors to review your paper.
• Write a cover letter that “sells” your manuscript, says how your research adds to your field and explains why you chose the specific journal you’re submitting to.

• Ask your professors or supervisors for well-respected journals that they’ve had good experiences publishing with and that they read regularly.
• Many journals also only accept specific formats, so by choosing a journal before you start, you can write your article to their specifications and increase your chances of being accepted.
• If you’ve already written a paper you’d like to publish, consider whether your research directly relates to a hot topic or area of research in the journals you’re looking into.

• Review the journal’s peer review policies and submission process to see if you’re comfortable creating or adjusting your work according to their standards.
• Open-access journals can increase your readership because anyone can access them.

• Scientific research papers: Instead of a “thesis,” you might write a “research objective” instead. This is where you state the purpose of your research.
• “This paper explores how George Washington’s experiences as a young officer may have shaped his views during difficult circumstances as a commanding officer.”
• “This paper contends that George Washington’s experiences as a young officer on the 1750s Pennsylvania frontier directly impacted his relationship with his Continental Army troops during the harsh winter at Valley Forge.”

• Scientific research papers: Include a “materials and methods” section with the step-by-step process you followed and the materials you used. [5] X Research source
• Read other research papers in your field to see how they’re written. Their format, writing style, subject matter, and vocabulary can help guide your own paper. [6] X Research source

• If you’re writing about George Washington’s experiences as a young officer, you might emphasize how this research changes our perspective of the first president of the U.S.
• Link this section to your thesis or research objective.
• If you’re writing a paper about ADHD, you might discuss other applications for your research.

• Scientific research papers: You might include your research and/or analytical methods, your main findings or results, and the significance or implications of your research.
• Try to get as many people as you can to read over your abstract and provide feedback before you submit your paper to a journal.

• They might also provide templates to help you structure your manuscript according to their specific guidelines. [11] X Research source

• Not all journal reviewers will be experts on your specific topic, so a non-expert “outsider’s perspective” can be valuable.

• If you have a paper on the purification of wastewater with fungi, you might use both the words “fungi” and “mushrooms.”
• Use software like iThenticate, Turnitin, or PlagScan to check for similarities between the submitted article and published material available online. [15] X Research source

• Header: Address the editor who will be reviewing your manuscript by their name, include the date of submission, and the journal you are submitting to.
• First paragraph: Include the title of your manuscript, the type of paper it is (like review, research, or case study), and the research question you wanted to answer and why.
• Second paragraph: Explain what was done in your research, your main findings, and why they are significant to your field.
• Third paragraph: Explain why the journal’s readers would be interested in your work and why your results are important to your field.
• Conclusion: State the author(s) and any journal requirements that your work complies with (like ethical standards”).
• “We confirm that this manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal.”
• “All authors have approved the manuscript and agree with its submission to [insert the name of the target journal].”

• Submit your article to only one journal at a time.
• When submitting online, use your university email account. This connects you with a scholarly institution, which can add credibility to your work.

• Accept: Only minor adjustments are needed, based on the provided feedback by the reviewers. A first submission will rarely be accepted without any changes needed.
• Revise and Resubmit: Changes are needed before publication can be considered, but the journal is still very interested in your work.
• Reject and Resubmit: Extensive revisions are needed. Your work may not be acceptable for this journal, but they might also accept it if significant changes are made.
• Reject: The paper isn’t and won’t be suitable for this publication, but that doesn’t mean it might not work for another journal.

• Try organizing the reviewer comments by how easy it is to address them. That way, you can break your revisions down into more manageable parts.
• If you disagree with a comment made by a reviewer, try to provide an evidence-based explanation when you resubmit your paper.

• If you’re resubmitting your paper to the same journal, include a point-by-point response paper that talks about how you addressed all of the reviewers’ comments in your revision. [22] X Research source
• If you’re not sure which journal to submit to next, you might be able to ask the journal editor which publications they recommend.

Expert Q&A

You might also like.

• If reviewers suspect that your submitted manuscript plagiarizes another work, they may refer to a Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) flowchart to see how to move forward. [23] X Research source Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

• ↑ https://www.wiley.com/en-us/network/publishing/research-publishing/choosing-a-journal/6-steps-to-choosing-the-right-journal-for-your-research-infographic
• ↑ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13187-020-01751-z
• ↑ https://libguides.unomaha.edu/c.php?g=100510&p=651627
• ↑ http://www.canberra.edu.au/library/start-your-research/research_help/publishing-research
• ↑ https://writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/conclusions
• ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/handbook/assignments/writing-an-abstract-for-your-research-paper/
• ↑ https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/book-authors-editors/your-publication-journey/manuscript-preparation
• ↑ https://apus.libanswers.com/writing/faq/2391
• ↑ https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/search-strategy
• ↑ https://ifis.libguides.com/journal-publishing-guide/submitting-your-paper
• ↑ https://www.springer.com/kr/authors-editors/authorandreviewertutorials/submitting-to-a-journal-and-peer-review/cover-letters/10285574
• ↑ http://www.apa.org/monitor/sep02/publish.aspx
• ↑ Matthew Snipp, PhD. Research Fellow, U.S. Bureau of the Census. Expert Interview. 26 March 2020.

About This Article

To publish a research paper, ask a colleague or professor to review your paper and give you feedback. Once you've revised your work, familiarize yourself with different academic journals so that you can choose the publication that best suits your paper. Make sure to look at the "Author's Guide" so you can format your paper according to the guidelines for that publication. Then, submit your paper and don't get discouraged if it is not accepted right away. You may need to revise your paper and try again. To learn about the different responses you might get from journals, see our reviewer's explanation below. Did this summary help you? Yes No

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Deposit your thesis

Uploading and publishing your thesis, where do i submit my thesis.

You submit your thesis through a Moodle module. This is usually called 'Thesis Deposition for [School] PGR Students' or 'General Information for [School] PGR Students'. Your school admin team or supervisor will let you know how to find it.  

How to upload

Watch this Depositing your thesis to KAR via Moodle video   

Go to the module and:

• click  Thesis Deposit Point , then  Click here to start .
• on the next page, choose one of the two options to decide the availability of your thesis.
• read the terms and conditions and click  Accept ; if you want to choose a different option, click  Back  to return to step 2.
• fill in the form and then upload your file(s); make sure you select the  relevant 'embargo' option  if applicable.
• if you want to you can click  Save for later .
• when you are finished, click  Submit to School Administrator -  you will not be able to make changes after this.
• you will return to the Deposits page which lists your thesis along with its status.

What happens next

Your school administrator will check the details and publish your thesis to the  Kent Academic Repository . If changes are needed they will reset your deposit to Draft status and tell you by email what you need to do.

Once the thesis is published, you can't make any more changes to it within Moodle.

If you have additional files which can't be incorporated into the body of your thesis, check how to  prepare and deposit them .

Please email  [email protected]  if:

• your thesis has not appeared in KAR within 5 working days
• you want to change an  embargo .

Planning to publish?

If you are planning to publish your thesis as an article, book or chapter you may need to  apply an embargo .

The publishers' view

When you make your thesis available in KAR the full text of your thesis will be available over the internet. Most publishers allow you to make your thesis available online in this way, so it's unlikely to affect your ability to publish your research in the future.

But some publishers take a stricter view of what constitutes publication. If you think this may be a problem, you can choose to embargo your thesis for a defined period.

See this  list of publisher policies and attitudes towards thesis embargo and prior publication .

Consider commercial interest 

At an early stage, before publication, you should discuss with your supervisor whether there is potential commercial application to your work or any patentable subject matter. Please contact [email protected] for advice as early as possible.  

Open Access, APCs and Read and Publish agreements

If you are writing articles during your PhD, you and your supervisor should discuss Open Access particularly in relation to the corresponding author role. PhD students are eligible under our Read and Publish agreements and to use our APC funds provided they are corresponding authors, identify as affiliated with Kent and use a Kent email address from the submission stage onwards. Please explore the Read and Publish options together using the Read and Publish journal search .

Your funder may have specific requirements. Sherpa Juliet provides details of these. In particular, students who are funded by a Training Grant from any of the UKRI research councils must follow the UKRI Open Access policy requirements. UKRI funded students should follow the Check before you choose workflow scenarios in our UKRI guide .  

If you take on the role of corresponding author you will need to do the following to benefit from the University’s Open Access opportunities:   

• use a Kent email address from the submission stage onwards 
• identify as affiliated to Kent from the submission stage onwards. The association with Kent and use of a Kent email address from the beginning of the process should be sufficient to ensure that the article is identified in publisher’s systems and platforms as eligible under an agreement with Kent.  This will mean that upon acceptance for publication approval of the article Open Access payment will come through to the library on our publisher dashboards where we will be happy to approve 
• provide your long-term private email address as an alternative contact address 
• add the article to KAR  

Already published?

If you have already published articles or chapters you want to refer to in your thesis,  follow the steps in this blog post .

Find out more

For a more detailed explanation of the risks and benefits of making your thesis Open Access,  read this blog post by our research support team .

• KAR and Open Access: email  [email protected]
• Copyright: email  [email protected]
• Choosing the best deposit option for your thesis: speak to your supervisor and the Submission Review Panel

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Student blogs

Thesis writing 101: essential tools and apps to make your life easier.

Writing a thesis requires careful planning, organization, and execution. Fortunately, there are numerous tools and apps available to help streamline the writing process, increase productivity, and ensure that your thesis is well-crafted. As a student wrapping up the experiments and writing the master’s thesis, today I will write about the tools that I’ve been using that helped and supported me a lot during the last few months.

Reference management

Keeping track of references and citations is an essential aspect of thesis writing. Reference management software like Zotero, Mendeley, or EndNote can help you efficiently organize your sources, create bibliographies, and cite references in your thesis according to your preferred citation style. I use Zotero which is free, easy to use and has an add-on for Microsoft Word. Personally, the add-on has been a life-saver, as I don’t need to keep track of the citation numbers or style and can change all these things with a click. All of these tools also offer features such as PDF annotation, and collaboration options (if you want to share the articles you have found with your supervisor).

Writing and editing

Most KI students are international and most of us use English as our second language, so it is normal to make grammar or spelling mistakes. However, writing a thesis requires clarity, coherence, and precision. Writing and editing tools such as Grammarly, Hemingway Editor, and ProWritingAid can help you with these kinds of mistakes. I use Grammarly to catch these mistakes early on. However, all these tools offer suggestions for sentence structure, grammar errors, and word choice, allowing you to refine your writing and convey your ideas more effectively.

Mind mapping

If you are stuck in your writing process, mind mapping can be a valuable technique for this. I use it while brainstorming ideas with my supervisor, and structuring my thesis outline. There are numerous tools like XMind, or Freeform (free app on Mac). However, I usually use paper and a pen (not always have to be Gen-Z 😂) to sketch ideas and have a mind/road map. I definitely recommend this technique if you are struggling with how to structure your thesis or ideas in your head.

A good calendar is always needed to be time efficient. It is good to not forget your tasks, but also it is a good indicator of whether you are living a balanced life or not. I use my calendar daily and add everything I might forget immediately. There are lots of calendar apps out there, however, I got used to Google Calendar and now it is my lifesaver. I suggest trying out apps or writing down your daily schedule.

Backup and sync

Protecting your thesis work from loss is essential. Backup and sync tools like Dropbox, Google Drive, or Microsoft OneDrive (KI students have a subscription to this) provide reliable cloud storage solutions for backing up your thesis documents and ensuring that your work is securely stored and accessible from anywhere. These tools offer automatic syncing and version history, so if you accidentally delete something you always have a way to save it :). In addition, I use these tools to file share with my supervisor as some of the data that I produce are too big to store on my own computer.

Note-taking apps

Gathering and organizing research materials is an integral part of thesis writing. Note-taking tools like Evernote, OneNote, or Notion provide a centralized platform for capturing ideas, taking notes, and storing research findings. Notion app can get a bit complicated, so try to learn how to use it efficiently before the project starts :). For easy use, I use Google Docs to take notes since I’ve discovered some add-ons that are very helpful on that app and it is also directly synced to my accounts. It is very important to utilize note-taking tools as you don’t want to miss out on anything you did 3 months ago while writing your thesis.

Hope you will find some of these tools useful and write a great thesis! Good luck with your experiments/writing!

If you have any questions you can drop a comment below or send me an e-mail.

See you in the next blog!

Yagmur - Molecular Techniques in Life Science

My name is Yağmur, and I am from Turkey. I am a student on the Master’s Programme in Molecular Techniques in Life Science. Living in Sweden and studying at KI started as a dream, yet here I am (my life motto “everything is possible” still holds until further notice). In my free time, I like watching movies and listening to music from all around the world. I enjoy sharing my experiences in life. So, if everyone is ready, welcome to my blog and let’s begin the journey…

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Get to Know Your 2024 Kent State Geauga Student Commencement Speaker

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Wayne Nieh will be the 2024 commencement student speaker during the Kent State University Geauga and Twinsburg Academic Center Pinning and Commencement ceremonies on Friday, May 10. Wayne is not only the Valedictorian of his graduating class, but this inspiring scholar with a promising future has a dramatic backstory, a resolute sense of purpose, a remarkable set of achievements, and an over-arching attitude of humility.

Get to know Wayne, in his own words, in the Q&A below. Then come to the 2024 Kent State Geauga Commencement Ceremony at Parkside Church in Bainbridge to be inspired by his powerful message. The Nursing Pinning Ceremony will begin at 12:30 p.m. followed by Commencement at 2:30 p.m.

1.  When you were a child, what did you want to be when you grew up?

When I was a child, I wanted to become a teacher, a scientist, a scholar, and/or an opera actor from the influence of my late beloved grandfather, who was the best mentor and friend of my childhood. He disciplined me to be a reader, a thinker, and a doer. At a young age, he also taught me Peking Opera, and I have enjoyed performing opera on stage since the age of 4. I had many dreams as a young boy; however, I loved my opera tapes and collections of books more than other things.

2.  Where were you raised and when did you and your family immigrate to the U.S.? From what high school did you graduate?

I was raised in a beautiful northern Chinese village on a peninsula named Penglai. Our family owned cherry and apple farms as well as a vineyard. My hometown was very close to the Bohai Gulf, and all the fruit trees grew on the sand.

In December 2010, our family moved to the U.S., and we are very thankful for this country and all the opportunities including educational opportunities. I graduated from Solon High School, and I am truly thankful for my high school principals, guidance counselors, and many amazing teachers who supported and guided me through my high school journey, especially during the first year of my high school days when I could barely speak, read, and write in English.  

3.  Why did you choose to attend Kent State Geauga for your undergraduate studies?

During the COVID-19 pandemic, I read an article online about a Kent State University Geauga Campus BSN program and 2018 graduate Bailey Hill, who took the calling to spend four weeks at New York Presbyterian Hospital, an area in the COVID hot zone with a shortage of nurses.

I was moved, encouraged, and inspired by her story. In addition, I truly love the smaller nursing cohort learning environment—students know each other well, and we are like family members.

Moreover, I am very thankful for our BSN program coordinator, Melissa Owen, who loves and cares about all nursing scholars, and I have learned much from her lectures and through her character and leadership. I still remember our very first meeting online when my internet was very slow, and she was very patient in waiting for me. After the meeting, I knew this would be the best learning environment for me to pursue my nursing education and training.

4.  Why did you choose to pursue a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree, what is your plan after graduation, and what is your ultimate career goal?

I chose to pursue nursing from the inspiration of my parents, who took good care of my grandfather after he suffered from three strokes, and they also taught me to be a compassionate and kind person, to serve others who were in need during my elementary school days.

When I turned 21, my mother went through cancer surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. My father took such good care of my mother, and I eye-witnessed many nurses who encouraged my mother and made a positive impact during her cancer treatment. I know that’s the desire of my life: to follow in the footsteps of my grandfather, my parents, and the inspiring nurses, serving the community with charity, compassion, and knowledge.

My ultimate career goal is to finish my doctoral degree in nursing and eagerly translate nursing research evidence into nursing clinical practice for better care outcomes.

5.  Please describe how your 2021 and 2022 SURE (Summer Undergraduate Research Experience) research projects and presentations have informed your current work in the nursing field, and how Vitamin K therapy and the Family Willingness for Caregiving Scale (FWCS) may impact the course of your future endeavors in improving healthcare outcomes for patients.  The 2021 SURE research project entitled “The Healing Potential of Vitamin K, The Forgotten Vitamin” under the supervision of my mentor, Dr. Popescu, opened the door to my path of research at Kent State University. The first SURE research project broadened my understanding of the importance, necessity, and power of research as a nursing student. Through this research project, I worked closely with the director of the Office of Student Research, Ms. Ann Gosky, who has been a blessing to me as a nursing student and student researcher at Kent State University.

After the first SURE research project, I knew I had the desire to broaden my understanding of nursing research. As a regional campus nursing student, I did not know any nursing research faculty from the Kent campus. During the 2021 winter break, Ms. Gosky helped me get connected with Dr. Amy Petrinec for my second SURE nursing research project.

Then I worked under the mentorships of Dr. Amy Petrinec and Dr. Cindy Wilk, testing a new instrument, Family Willingness for Caregiving Scale (FWCS), designed by Dr. Wilk during her PhD study. It measures the willingness of family members to become caregivers to a loved one receiving mechanical ventilation while in an adult intensive care unit (ICU).

I was humbled by this research study in the Summer of 2022, and Dr. Wilk taught me the art and techniques of therapeutic communications when recruiting eligible family members of ICU patients at Summa Health in Akron. This SURE experience surely exposed me to the power of nursing research in healthcare and trained my critical thinking and communication skills in a clinical setting, which helped significantly later in my nursing journey at Kent State University.

Dr. Petrinec and Dr. Wilk are diligent nursing professors, profound nursing scientists, and amazing thinkers and writers. Working under their mentorship taught me the lesson of humility because I can always learn new things from them, such as creative ways of thinking, better writing styles, and effective communication skills.

After my second SURE nursing research study, I was motivated, encouraged, and challenged by Dr. Petrinec and Dr. Wilk to propose my senior honors thesis study entitled “Family Presence During Resuscitation: A Descriptive Study of Perceptions of Nursing Students” in Fall 2022.

I am truly thankful for the support of the Honors College, McNair Scholars Program, and the Office of Student Research for this thesis study. Dr. Petrinec guided me through grant application, IRB application, Qualtrics design for instrumental surveys, and student recruitment as a BSN student. As time is approaching to my graduation, I truly want to express my sincere thankfulness to Ms. Gosky. Without her support, I wouldn’t be able to recruit any accelerated BSN scholars in Summer 2023, my mentor, Dr. Petrinec, the thesis committee (Dean Smith of Honors College, Dr. Wilk, Dr. Popescu, and Ms. Larubina), and Dr. Kutchin, who showed me how to recruit students for the thesis study with enthusiasm and passion.

Now, reflecting on my research journey at Kent State University, I have seen my mentor’s diligence and passion for nursing research, and her love and care for students, and I also learned the wisdom from Dr. Petrinec that nursing education is not merely the learning of facts, but the training of the mind to think, to be creative in problem-solving, and to lead with compassion.

Over the years at Kent State University, I participated in the 2021 SURE 3-minute thesis, and the 2022 Undergraduate Research Symposium, and presented my first SURE research work at the 2022 Summer Undergraduate Research Symposium at West Virginia University. I presented my second SURE study at the 2022 SURE 3-minute thesis and won second place; at the 2023 Undergraduate Research Symposium and won first place in the nursing category; at the 2023 Innovation Day for the Northeastern Ohio Public University Research Association (NEOPURA),  at the 2023 KSU Honors Research Symposium and won the poster award, and at the SAEOPP McNair/SSS Research Conference in Atlanta, Georgia.

Lastly, I presented my honors thesis study at the 47th Biennial Convention in San Antonio, Texas; at the 2024 Midwest Nursing Research Annual Research Conference in Minneapolis; defended my thesis study on April 2, 2024; presented the thesis study at Sigma Collaboration with Case Western, Ursuline College, Kent State University, and University of Akron; at the 2024 Undergraduate Symposium at KSU and won the first place in the nursing category; at the 132nd Ohio Academic of Science Annual Meeting; and presented again at the KSU Honors Research Symposium on April 26, 2024.

No words can fully express my gratitude to Kent State University, my research mentors, and the supportive nursing faculty members from Kent and Geauga campuses. The opportunities I have had through KSU pave the way for me as a senior BSN student, to recognize the importance of research in clinical settings and provide tools to pursue and implement evidence from nursing research in clinical practice in the future for the advancement of the nursing profession, patient safety, and overall quality of care. 6.  You have overcome many obstacles along your academic journey. Please describe what motivated you to work so hard and excel at many levels—and soon you will address your entire graduating class as their commencement speaker.

As an immigrant, my family has worked hard to overcome financial, cultural, and language challenges, and I have been studying very hard to overcome academic challenges.

However, I am thankful for the obstacles and challenges, for they have strengthened my character which shaped me to be the person I am today. When I was young, my late grandfather often taught me his wisdom in life (he underwent WWII and fought in the Chinese Civil War in the 1940s and lost one leg on the battlefield) that suffering produces endurance, endurance produces character, and character produces hope.

He also often taught me that the intelligent heart acquires knowledge, and the ear of the wise seeks knowledge. I strongly believe the wisdom and lessons that I learned from my late grandfather, and the exemplary life that he lived, motivated me to be the overcomer to face and work through the obstacles and challenges in my life with hope and strength.

7.  Your grandfather also shared with you: “Diligence is the path to the mountain of knowledge; hard work is the boat to the endless sea of learning.” Please explain how this saying has encouraged you and how other people can be inspired by these words.

My late grandfather was a wise man, and many people including myself gained the benefits and wisdom from him through conversations. When he taught me this statement, I was too young to understand the depth of his wisdom. However, as I got older, I could grasp his wisdom that humility is essential in academia, especially in the nursing profession.

Nursing is a profession that requires both science and compassion, with nursing knowledge similar to the vast ocean. Thus, nursing requires students to be diligent in learning the mountain of knowledge, and it also requires us to be adaptive since evidence-based practices change over time through nursing research for the good. Over the years, I appreciate my grandfather’s words more and more that hard work is truly the boat to the endless sea of learning, and opportunities are usually disguised as hard work.

Through my nursing journey at Kent State University, I have learned that humility is needed in nursing, compassion is required to serve others, and hard work is the mark of a true scholar.

My research mentors are diligent nursing scientists who work hard in the profession, which reminds me of the words of the mother of our profession, Florence Nightingale, “Let us never consider ourselves finished nurses. We must be learning all of our lives.”

8.  As President of the Geauga Student Nurse Association, President of the Geauga Gardener Club, Student Ambassador of the Office of Student Research, Student Leadership Intern of Delta Xi Chapter of the Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, and Geauga Advisory Board Committee Member, please explain the importance of being involved in extracurricular organizations and activities… and how did you find the time considering your demanding academic schedule? When I was young, my grandfather taught me the essence of servant leadership, which focuses primarily on the growth and well-being of the people and the communities to which they belong. In addition, he taught me to love and serve others and not be rewarded and remembered.

I believe it is very humbling for me to serve others through my involvements in extracurricular organizations and activities, as I can always learn new things from advisors and other peers. Through the mentorship of Dr. Petrinec and Ms. Melissa Owen, I have learned that all nurses are leaders, and we need to be proactive advocates for our patients and our profession. Serving in various student organizations and activities has humbled me to communicate effectively and to serve others with flexibility, empathy, stewardship, and active listening skills which are required in my future nursing career.

Being a farmer disciplined me to think and plan for different seasons, to be responsible for feeding the animals on time, and to be more flexible with multitasking skills. My friends called me the “master of time management.”

I think my farmer background and nursing education at KSUG have trained me to set goals correctly, prioritize activities wisely, plan things ahead, and keep all things organized, which helped me manage all things well on top of the demanding academic and work schedule. I am not and will never be perfect in time management, and I am eager to constantly learn and improve myself in this area.

9.  Please select three life lessons you have learned during your time at Kent State Geauga that will continue to serve you/help others in the future.

   1.  Active listening is powerful and silence is needed at times.     2.  Clear communication can build trust in relationships.     3.  Always ask questions in times of uncertainty and never make assumptions.  

10.  What is the essential message of your upcoming 2024 Commencement speech?

“We need each other, humility, and hope in the nursing profession.”

Spring 2023 -  Delta Xi Chapter of Sigma International Honor Society of Nursing Induction with former Student Leadership Interns from Geauga Campus and two nursing faculty from Geauga Campus, Professor Kerry Myers and Professor Amy LePard.

2024 Midwest Nursing Research Annual Research Conference in Minneapolis with Dr. Petrinec (mentor), Dr. Hasen, Dr. Wang, and Dr. Reed.

Spring 2024 - Senior Honors Thesis Defense Committee  Dr. Petrinec (mentor), Dean Smith (Honors College), Dr. Wilk (KSU CON), Dr. Popescu (KSU Geauga), and Professor Larubina (KSU Geauga).

Spring 2024 - Senior Honors Thesis Defense with KSU Geauga Faculty Members: Dr. Popescu, Professor LePard, Professor Larubina, and Professor Melissa Owen.

Spring 2024 - Senior Honors Thesis Defense with my wonderful mentor, Dr. Petrinec.  

Spring 2024 -  Senior Honors Thesis Defense with director of the Office of Student Research, Ms. Ann Gosky.

  Spring 2024 - Senior Honors Luncheon with Honors Thesis Advisor, Ms. Marsha Kraus.   

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Create and add an email signature in Outlook

In Outlook, you can create one or more personalized signatures for your email messages. Your signature can include text, links, pictures, and images (such as your handwritten signature or a logo).

Note:  If the steps under this New Outlook tab don't work, you may not be using new Outlook for Windows yet. Select Classic Outlook  and follow those steps instead.

Create and add an email signature

On the View tab, select   View Settings . 

Select Accounts > Signatures .

Select    New signature , then give it a distinct name.

In the editing box below the new name, type your signature, then format it with the font, color, and styles to get the appearance you want.

Select Save when you're done.

With your new signature selected from the list above the editing box, go to  Select default signatures and choose whether to apply the signature to new messages and to replies and forwards.

Select Save again.

Note:  If you have a Microsoft account, and you use Outlook and Outlook on the web or Outlook on the web for business, you need to create a signature in both products.

Create your signature and choose when Outlook adds a signature to your messages

If you want to watch how it's done, you can go directly to  the video below .

Open a new email message.

Under Select signature to edit , choose New , and in the New Signature dialog box, type a name for the signature.

Under Edit signature , compose your signature. You can change fonts, font colors, and sizes, as well as text alignment. If you want to create a more robust signature with bullets, tables, or borders, use Word to create and format your signature text, then copy and paste it into the Edit signature box. You can also use a pre-designed template  to create your signature. Download the templates in Word, customize with your personal information, and then copy and paste into the Edit signature box. 

You can add links and images to your email signature, change fonts and colors, and justify the text using the mini formatting bar under Edit signature .

You can also add social media icons and links in your signature or customize one of our pre-designed temlates. For more information, see Create a signature from a template .

To add images to your signature, see Add a logo or image to your signature .

Under Choose default signature , set the following options. 

In the E-mail account drop-down box, choose an email account to associate with the signature. You can have different signatures for each email account.

You can have a signature automatically added to all new messages. Go to in the New messages drop-down box and select one of your signatures. If you don't want to automatically add a signature to new messages, choose (none). This option does not add a signature to any messages you reply to or forward. 

You can select to have your signature automatically appear in reply and forward messages. In the  Replies/forwards drop-down, select one of your signatures. Otherwise, accept the default option of (none). 

Choose OK to save your new signature and return to your message. Outlook doesn't add your new signature to the message you opened in Step 1, even if you chose to apply the signature to all new messages. You'll have to add the signature manually to this one message. All future messages will have the signature added automatically. To add the signature manually, select Signature from the Message menu and then pick the signature you just created.

Add a logo or image to your signature

If you have a company logo or an image to add to your signature, use the following steps.

Open a new message and then select Signature > Signatures .

In the Select signature to edit box, choose the signature you want to add a logo or image to.

To resize your image, right-click the image, then choose Picture . Select the Size tab and use the options to resize your image. To keep the image proportions, make sure to keep the Lock aspect ratio checkbox checked.

When you're done, select OK , then select OK again to save the changes to your signature.

Insert a signature manually

If you don't choose to insert a signature for all new messages or replies and forwards, you can still insert a signature manually.

In your email message, on the Message tab, select Signature .

Choose your signature from the fly-out menu that appears. If you have more than one signature, you can select any of the signatures you've created.

See how it's done

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Note:  Outlook on the web is the web version of Outlook for business users with a work or school account.

Automatically add a signature to a message

You can create an email signature that you can add automatically to all outgoing messages or add manually to specific ones.

Select Settings   at the top of the page.

Select Mail >  Compose and reply .

Under Email signature , type your signature and use the available formatting options to change its appearance.

Select the default signature for new messages and replies.

Manually add your signature to a new message

If you've created a signature but didn't choose to automatically add it to all outgoing messages, you can add it later when you write an email message.

In a new message or reply, type your message.

If you created multiple signatures, choose the signature you want to use for your new message or reply.

When your email message is ready, choose Send .

Note:  Outlook.com is the web version of Outlook for users signing in with a personal Microsoft account such as an Outlook.com or Hotmail.com account.

Related articles

Create and add an email signature in Outlook for Mac

Create an email signature from a template

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