human resource policy project annotated bibliography assignment

Human resource policy : annotated bibliography

Jun 21, 2023

Human Resource Policy Project: Annotated Bibliography   Assignment Instructions

This project summarizes the research that will be used in the HRPP paper later in the course. The HRPP project allows you to select four HR policies that are relevant to a small business and to create a case for their inclusion in a handbook to employees.

Instructions

The annotated bibliography for your 4 selected human resource topics must consist of at least 10 reputable, practitioner sources (ex. SHRM) or scholarly journals. Government websites (FLSA, EEO, etc.) can also count towards your sources (note some government websites will not be a match – such as the dress code for the Wisconsin’s FDA investigators. The .gov isn’t automatically an applicable source. Be in current APA format, and contain persistent links so others may have instant access. Include a proper title page. It is recommended that you review the HRPP paper instructions within the class (which explains the HRPP in more detail and has policy suggestions) and the writing center’s annotated bibliography example (linked below).

It is highly recommended that you use Liberty University’s Jerry Falwell Library online resources. A librarian is available to assist you in all matters pertaining to conducting your research, including what constitutes a scholarly article (reputable, professional and/or scholarly journals, and/or informational venues that deal with the content of the course).

The Jerry Falwell Library librarian has asked that the following be shared:

Articles in Business Source Premier have a “Permalink” you can use to post in your assignment. The permalink, in most cases, will allow anyone to access your article. Articles in Business Source Complete have a “Permalink” you can use in your assignment. The Permalink should allow anyone to access your article. To get the Permalink, look the article up in Business Source Complete and click the article title. Then click the “Permalink” link that appears in the right column. 

The annotations are designed to help your classmates better understand and more easily learn about your topic. The annotation is not a normal required component of APA; rather, it is a specific additional requirement for this assignment. Note the following regarding your annotated bibliography:

· An annotated bibliography is a list of the journals and resources you used.

· Each citation is followed by a brief paragraph (at least 150 words) that is descriptive and evaluative—the annotation.

· The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited.

· For more information on annotations, see this example from the writing center: https://www.liberty.edu/casas/academic-success-center/wp-content/uploads/sites/28/2020/04/Sample-APA-7th-Annotation-Reviewed-final-04282020.pdf .

Do not cut and paste from your sources, as this constitutes plagiarism. Regardless of the reason, in the event of plagiarism, you will receive 0 points for the entire assignment.

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An annotated bibliography is a list of cited resources related to a particular topic or arranged thematically that include a brief descriptive or evaluative summary. The annotated bibliography can be arranged chronologically by date of publication or alphabetically by author, with citations to print and/or digital materials, such as, books, newspaper articles, journal articles, dissertations, government documents, pamphlets, web sites, etc., multimedia sources like films and audio recordings, or documents and materials preserved in archival collections.

Beatty, Luke and Cynthia Cochran. Writing the Annotated Bibliography: A Guide for Students and Researchers . New York: Routledge, 2020; Harner, James L. On Compiling an Annotated Bibliography . 2nd edition. New York: Modern Language Association, 2000.

Importance of a Good Annotated Bibliography

In lieu of writing a formal research paper or in preparation for a larger writing project, your professor may ask you to develop an annotated bibliography. An annotated bibliography may be assigned for a number of reasons, including :

• To show that you can identify and evaluate the literature underpinning a research problem;
• To demonstrate that you can identify and conduct an effective and thorough review of pertinent literature;
• To develop skills in discerning the most relevant research studies from those which have only superficial relevance to your topic;
• To explore how different types of sources contribute to understanding the research problem;
• To be thoroughly engaged with individual sources in order to strengthen your analytical skills; or,
• To share sources among your classmates so that, collectively, everyone in the class obtains a comprehensive understanding of research about a particular topic.

On a broader level, writing an annotated bibliography can lay the foundation for conducting a larger research project. It serves as a method to evaluate what research has been conducted and where your proposed study may fit within it. By critically analyzing and synthesizing the contents of a variety of sources, you can begin to evaluate what the key issues are in relation to the research problem and, by so doing, gain a better perspective about the deliberations taking place among scholars. As a result of this analysis, you are better prepared to develop your own point of view and contributions to the literature.

In summary, creating a good annotated bibliography...

• Encourages you to think critically about the content of the works you are using, their place within the broader field of study, and their relation to your own research, assumptions, and ideas;
• Gives you practical experience conducting a thorough review of the literature concerning a research problem;
• Provides evidence that you have read and understood your sources;
• Establishes validity for the research you have done and of you as a researcher;
• Gives you the opportunity to consider and include key digital, multimedia, or archival materials among your review of the literature;
• Situates your study and underlying research problem in a continuing conversation among scholars;
• Provides an opportunity for others to determine whether a source will be helpful for their research; and,
• Could help researchers determine whether they are interested in a topic by providing background information and an idea of the kind of scholarly investigations that have been conducted in a particular area of study.

In summary, writing an annotated bibliography helps you develop skills related to critically reading and identifying the key points of a research study and to effectively synthesize the content in a way that helps the reader determine its validity and usefulness in relation to the research problem or topic of investigation.

NOTE: Do not confuse annotating source materials in the social sciences with annotating source materials in the arts and humanities. Rather than encompassing forms of synopsis and critical analysis, an annotation assignment in arts and humanities courses refers to the systematic interpretation of literary texts, art works, musical scores, performances, and other forms of creative human communication for the purpose of clarifying and encouraging analytical thinking about what the author(s)/creator(s) have written or created. They are assigned to encourage students to actively engage with the text or creative object.

Annotated Bibliographies. The Writing Center. University of North Carolina; Annotated Bibliographies. The Writing Lab and The OWL. Purdue University; Annotated Bibliography. The Waldin Writing Center. Waldin University; Hartley, James. Academic Writing and Publishing: A Practical Guide . (New York: Routledge, 2008), p. 127-128; Writing an Annotated Bibliography. Assignment Structures and Samples Research and Learning Online, Monash University; Kalir, Remi H. and Antero Garcia. Annotation . Essential Knowledge Series. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2021.

Structure and Writing Style

I.  Types

• Descriptive : This annotation describes the source without summarizing the actual argument, hypothesis, or message in the content. Like an abstract , it describes what the source addresses, what issues are being investigated, and any special features, such as appendices or bibliographies, that are used to supplement the main text. What it does not include is any evaluation or criticism of the content. This type of annotation seeks to answer the question: Does this source cover or address the topic I am researching? Collectively, this type of annotated bibliography synthesizes prior research about a topic or serves as a review of the literature before conducting a broader research study.
• Informative/Summative : This type of annotation summarizes what the content, message, or argument of the source is. It generally contains the hypothesis, methodology, and conclusion or findings, but like the descriptive type, you are not offering your own evaluative comments about such content. This type of annotation seeks to answer these types of questions: What are the author's main arguments? What are the key findings? What conclusions or recommended actions did the author state?   Collectively, this type of annotated bibliography summarizes the way in which scholars have studied and documented outcomes about a topic.
• Evaluative/Critical/Analytical : This annotation includes your own evaluative statements about the content of a source. It is the most common type of annotation your professor will ask you to write. Your critique may focus on describing a study's strengths and weaknesses or it may describe the applicability of the conclusions to the research problem you are studying. This type of annotation seeks to answer these types of questions: Is the reasoning sound? Is the methodology sound? Does this source address all the relevant issues? How does this source compare to other sources on this topic? Collectively, this type of annotated bibliography offers a detailed analysis and critical assessment of the research literature about a topic.

NOTE:   There are a variety of strategies you can use to critically evaluate a source based on its content, purpose, and format. A description of these strategies can be found here .

II.  Choosing Sources for Your Bibliography

There are two good strategies to begin identifying possible sources for your bibliography--one that looks back into the literature and one that projects forward based on tracking sources cited by researchers.

• The first strategy is to identify several recently published [within the past few years] scholarly books using the USC Libraries catalog or journal articles found by searching a comprehensive, multidisciplinary database like ProQuest Multiple . Review the list of references to sources cited by the author(s). Review these citations to identify prior research published about your topic. For a complete list of scholarly databases GO HERE .
• The second strategy is to identify one or more books, book chapters, journal articles, or research reports on your topic and paste the title of the item into Google Scholar [e.g., from Negotiation Journal , entering the title of the article, " Civic Fusion: Moving from Certainty through Not Knowing to Curiosity " ]. If it is a short title or it uses a lot of common words, place quotation marks around the title so Google Scholar searches the source as a phrase rather than a combination of individual words. Below the citation may be a "Cited by" reference link followed by a number [e.g., Cited by 45]. This number refers to the number of times a source has subsequently been cited by other authors in other sources after the item you found was published.

Your method for selecting which sources to annotate depends on the purpose of the assignment and the research problem you are investigating . For example, if the course is on international social movements and the research problem you choose to study is to compare cultural factors that led to protests in Egypt with the factors that led to protests against the government of the Philippines in  the 1980's, you should consider including non-U.S., historical, and, if possible, foreign language sources in your bibliography.

NOTE:   Appropriate sources to include can be anything that you believe has value in understanding the research problem . Be creative in thinking about possible sources, including non-textual items, such as, films, maps, photographs, and audio recordings, or archival documents and primary source materials, such as, diaries, government documents, collections of personal correspondence, meeting minutes, or official memorandums. If you want to include these types of sources in your annotated bibliography, consult with a librarian if you're not sure where to locate them.

III.  Strategies to Define the Scope of Your Bibliography

It is important that the scope of sources cited and summarized in your bibliography are well-defined and sufficiently narrow in coverage to ensure that you're not overwhelmed by the number of potential items to consider including. Many of the general strategies used to narrow a topic for a research paper are the same that be applied to framing the scope of sources to include in an annotated bibliography.

• Aspect -- choose one lens through which to view the research problem, or look at just one facet of your topic [e.g., rather than annotating a bibliography of sources about the role of food in religious rituals, create a bibliography on the role of food in Hindu ceremonies].
• Time -- the shorter the time period to be covered, the more narrow the focus [e.g., rather than political scandals of the 20th century, cite literature on political scandals during the 1980s].
• Comparative -- a list of resources that focus on comparing two or more issues related to the broader research topic can be used to narrow the scope of your bibliography [e.g., rather than college student activism during the 20th century, cite literature that compares student activism in the 1930s and the 1960s]
• Geography -- the smaller the area of analysis, the fewer items there are to consider including in your bibliography [e.g., rather than cite sources about trade relations in West Africa, include only sources that examine, as a case study, trade relations between Niger and Cameroon].
• Type -- focus your bibliography on a specific type or class of people, places, or things [e.g., rather than health care provision in Japan, cite research on health care provided to the elderly in Japan].
• Source -- your bibliography includes specific types of materials [e.g., only books, only scholarly journal articles, only films, only archival materials, etc.]. However, be sure to describe why only one type of source is appropriate.
• Combination -- use two or more of the above strategies to focus your bibliography very narrowly or to broaden coverage of a very specific research problem [e.g., cite literature only about political scandals during the 1980s that took place in Great Britain].

IV.  Assessing the Relevance and Value of Sources All the items included in your bibliography should reflect the source's contribution to understanding the research problem . In order to determine how you will use the source or define its contribution, you will need to critically evaluate the quality of the central argument within the source or, in the case of including  non-textual items, determine how the source contributes to understanding the research problem [e.g., if the bibliography lists sources about outreach strategies to homeless populations, a non-textual source would be a film that profiles the life of a homeless person]. Specific elements to assess a research study include an item’s overall value in relation to other sources on the topic, its limitations, its effectiveness in defining the research problem, the methodology used, the quality of the evidence, and the strength of the author’s conclusions and/or recommendations. With this in mind, determining whether a source should be included in your bibliography depends on how you think about and answer the following questions related to its content:

• Are you interested in the way the author(s) frame the research questions or in the way the author goes about investigating the questions [the method]?
• Does the research findings make new connections or promote new ways of understanding the problem?
• Are you interested in the way the author(s) use a theoretical framework or a key concept?
• Does the source refer to and analyze a particular body of evidence that you want to highlight?
• How are the author's conclusions relevant to your overall investigation of the topic?

V.  Format and Content

The format of an annotated bibliography can differ depending on its purpose and the nature of the assignment. Contents may be listed alphabetically by author, arranged chronologically by publication date, or arranged under headings that list different types of sources [i.e., books, articles, government documents, research reports, etc.]. If the bibliography includes a lot of sources, items may also be subdivided thematically, by time periods of coverage or publication, or by source type. If you are unsure, ask your professor for specific guidelines in terms of length, focus, and the type of annotation you are to write. Note that most professors assign annotated bibliographies that only need to be arranged alphabetically by author.

Introduction Your bibliography should include an introduction that describes the research problem or topic being covered, including any limits placed on items to be included [e.g., only material published in the last ten years], explains the method used to identify possible sources [such as databases you searched or methods used to identify sources], the rationale for selecting the sources, and, if appropriate, an explanation stating why specific types of some sources were deliberately excluded. The introduction's length depends, in general, on the complexity of the topic and the variety of sources included.

Citation This first part of your entry contains the bibliographic information written in a standard documentation style , such as, MLA, Chicago, or APA. Ask your professor what style is most appropriate, and be consistent! If your professor does not have a preferred citation style, choose the type you are most familiar with or that is used predominantly within your major or area of study.

Annotation The second part of your entry should summarize, in paragraph form, the content of the source. What you say about the source is dictated by the type of annotation you are asked to write [see above]. In most cases, however, your annotation should describe the content and provide critical commentary that evaluates the source and its relationship to the topic.

In general, the annotation should include one to three sentences about the item in the following order : (1) an introduction of the item; (2) a brief description of what the study was intended to achieve and the research methods used to gather information; ( 3) the scope of study [i.e., limits and boundaries of the research related to sample size, area of concern, targeted groups examined, or extent of focus on the problem]; (4) a statement about the study's usefulness in relation to your research and the topic; (5) a note concerning any limitations found in the study; (6) a summary of any recommendations or further research offered by the author(s); and, (7) a critical statement that elucidates how the source clarifies your topic or pertains to the research problem.

Things to think critically about when writing the annotation include:

• Does the source offer a good introduction on the issue?
• Does the source effectively address the issue?
• Would novices find the work accessible or is it intended for an audience already familiar with the topic?
• What limitations does the source have [reading level, timeliness, reliability, etc.]?
• Are any special features, such as, appendices or non-textual elements effectively presented?
• What is your overall reaction to the source?
• If it's a website or online resource, is it up-to-date, well-organized, and easy to read, use, and navigate?

Length An annotation can vary in length from a few sentences to more than a page, single-spaced. However, they are normally about 300 words--the length of a standard paragraph. The length also depends on the purpose of the annotated bibliography [critical assessments are generally lengthier than descriptive annotations] and the type of source [e.g., books generally require a more detailed annotation than a magazine article]. If you are just writing summaries of your sources, the annotations may not be very long. However, if you are writing an extensive analysis of each source, you'll need to devote more space.

Annotated Bibliographies. The Writing Center. University of North Carolina; Annotated Bibliographies. The Writing Lab and The OWL. Purdue University; Annotated Bibliography. The Writer’s Handbook. Writing Center. University of Wisconsin, Madison; Annotated Bibliography. Writing Center. Walden University; Annotated Bibliography. Writing Skills, Student Support and Development, University of New South Wales; Engle, Michael et al. How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography. Olin Reference, Research and Learning Services. Cornell University Library; Guidelines for Preparing an Annotated Bibliography. Writing Center at Campus Library. University of Washington, Bothell; Harner, James L. On Compiling an Annotated Bibliography . 2nd edition. New York: Modern Language Association, 2000; How to Write an Annotated Bibliography. Information and Library Services. University of Maryland; Knott, Deborah. Writing an Annotated Bibliography. The Lab Report. University College Writing Centre. University of Toronto; Norton, Donna. Top 32 Effective Tips for Writing an Annotated Bibliography Top-notch study tips for A+ students blog; Writing from Sources: Writing an Annotated Bibliography. The Reading/Writing Center. Hunter College.

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Human Resources Management

Finding journal articles & case studies: an overview of discover and google scholar, apa annotated bibliography sample template, annotations, writing an evaluative annotation, basic tips on writing and formatting, about this page, business librarian.

• APA 7th Annotated Bibliography Template
• How to create an annotated bibliography

Below is a sample of an Evaluative Annotation:

An annotated bibliography is a list of citations for various books, articles, and other sources on a topic. The annotated bibliography looks like a References page but includes an annotation after each source cited. An annotation is a short summary and/or critical evaluation of a source. Annotated bibliographies can be part of a larger research project, or can be a stand-alone report in itself.

Types of Annotations

 A summary annotation describes the source by answering the following questions: who wrote the document, what does the document discuss, when and where was the document written, why was the document produced, and how was it provided to the public. The focus is on description. 

 An evaluative annotation includes a summary as listed above but also critically assesses the work for accuracy, relevance, and quality. Evaluative annotations can help you learn about your topic, develop a thesis statement, decide if a specific source will be useful for your assignment, and determine if there is enough valid information available to complete your project. The focus is on description and evaluation.

• Cite the source using APA style.
• Describe the main ideas, arguments, themes, theses, or methodology, and identify the intended audience.
• Explain the author’s expertise, point of view, and any bias he/she may have.
• Compare to other sources on the same topic that you have also cited to show similarities and differences.
• Explain why each source is useful for your research topic and how it relates to your topic.
• Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each source.
• Identify the observations or conclusions of the author. 
• Each annotation should be one paragraph, between three to six sentences long (about 150- 200 words).
• Start with the same format as a regular References list.
• All lines should be double-spaced. Do not add an extra line between the citations.
• If your list of citations is especially long, you can organize it by topic.
• Try to be objective, and give explanations if you state any opinions.
• Use the third person (e.g., he, she, the author) instead of the first person (e.g., I, my, me)

This page has been adapted from the Annotated Bibliography section of the Seneca College Library Research Guide.

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Annotated Bibliography Week 4 Assignment Human Resources Management ORG 6534

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Bibliography for Human Resources Management BETA

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1. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., ProQuest (Firm): Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave, London, [England] (2016). 2. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., Wright, P.: The Oxford handbook of human resource management. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2008). 3. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 4. Beardwell, J., Thompson, A. eds: Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson, Harlow, England (2014). 5. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 6. Legge, K.: Human resource management: rhetorics and realities. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills (2005). 7. Sisson, K., Storey, J.: The realities of human resource management: managing the employment relationship. Open University Press, Buckingham (2000). 8. Storey, J.: Human resource management: a critical text. Thomson Learning, London (2007). 9. Torrington, D., Hall, L., Taylor, S.: Human resource management. FT Prentice Hall, Harlow (2005). 10. Wanrooy, B. van: Employment relations in the shadow of recession: findings from the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire (2013). 11. The 2001 Workplace Employment Relations Study: First Findings - fourth edition July 2014 - bis-14-1008-WERS-first-findings-report-fourth-edition-july-2014.pdf, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/336651/bis-14-1008-WERS-first-findings-report-fourth-edition-july-2014.pdf. 12. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 13. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., ProQuest (Firm): Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave, London, [England] (2016). 14. Legge, K.: Human resource management: rhetorics and realities. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills (2005). 15. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 16. Storey, J.: Human resource management: a critical text. Thomson Learning, London (2007). 17. Thompson, P., McHugh, D., Dawson Books: Work organisations: a critical introduction. Palgrave, Basingstoke (2002). 18. Truss, C., Gratton, L., Hope-Hailey, V., McGovern, P., Stiles, P.: Soft and Hard Models of Human Resource Management: A Reappraisal. Journal of Management Studies. 34, 53–73 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00042. 19. Watson, T.J.: Organising and managing work: organisational, managerial and strategic behaviour in theory and practice. Pearson Longman, Harlow (2006). 20. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., ProQuest (Firm): Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave, London, [England] (2016). 21. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 22. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., Wright, P.: The Oxford handbook of human resource management. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2008). 23. Legge, K.: Human resource management: rhetorics and realities. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills (2005). 24. Storey, J.: Human resource management: a critical text. Thomson Learning, London (2007). 25. Blyton, P., Heery, E., Turnbull, P.: Reassessing the employment relationship. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2011). 26. Paauwe, J.: HRM and Performance: Achievements, Methodological Issues and Prospects. Journal of Management Studies. 46, 129–142 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2008.00809.x. 27. Guest, D.E.: Human resource management and performance: still searching for some answers. Human Resource Management Journal. 21, 3–13 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2010.00164.x. 28. Boselie, P., Dietz, G., Boon, C.: Commonalities and contradictions in HRM and performance research. Human Resource Management Journal. 15, 67–94 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2005.tb00154.x. 29. David E. Bowen and Cheri Ostroff: Understanding HRM-Firm Performance Linkages: The Role of the ‘Strength’ of the HRM System. The Academy of Management Review. 29, 203–221 (2004). 30. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., ProQuest (Firm): Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave, London, [England] (2016). 31. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., Wright, P.: The Oxford handbook of human resource management. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2008). 32. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 33. Fleetwood, S., Hesketh, A.: HRM-performance research: under-theorized and lacking explanatory power. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 17, 1977–1993 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190601041026. 34. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 35. Legge, K.: Human resource management: rhetorics and realities. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills (2005). 36. Kirton, G., Greene, A.M.: The dynamics of managing diversity: a critical approach. Elsevier, Burlington (2010). 37. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 38. Torrington, D.: Human resource management. Financial Times/Prentice Hall, Harlow (2011). 39. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., Wright, P.: Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2011). 40. Legge, K.: Human resource management: rhetorics and realities. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills (2005). 41. Thompson, P.: The trouble with HRM. Human Resource Management Journal. 21, 355–367 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2011.00180.x. 42. Francis, H., Keegan, A.: The changing face of HRM: in search of balance. Human Resource Management Journal. 16, 231–249 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2006.00016.x. 43. Guest, D.E.: Human Resource Management and the American Dream. Journal of Management Studies. 27, 377–397 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1990.tb00253.x. 44. Hailey, V.H., Farndale, E., Truss, C.: The HR department’s role in organisational performance. Human Resource Management Journal. 15, 49–66 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2005.tb00153.x. 45. Olson, M.: The Business Partner Balancing Act: An analysis of alternative employee advocacy practices in the modern HR function | Cornell HR Review. Cornell HR Review. (2014). 46. Thompson, P.: Disconnected Capitalism: Or Why Employers Can’t Keep Their Side of the Bargain. Work, Employment & Society. 17, 359–378 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017003017002007. 47. Conway, N., Briner, R.B., Oxford University Press: Understanding psychological contracts at work: a critical evaluation of theory and research. Oxford University, Oxford (2005). 48. Rousseau, D.M.: New Hire Perceptions of Their Own and Their Employer’s Obligations: A Study of Psychological Contracts. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 11, 389–400 (1990). 49. Guest, D.E.: The Psychology of the Employment Relationship: An Analysis Based on the Psychological Contract. Applied Psychology. 53, 541–555 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2004.00187.x. 50. Herriot, P., Manning, W.E.G., Kidd, J.M.: The Content of the Psychological Contract. British Journal of Management. 8, 151–162 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.0047. 51. Conway, N., Briner, R.B., Oxford University Press: Understanding psychological contracts at work: a critical evaluation of theory and research. Oxford University, Oxford (2005). 52. Guest, D.E., Conway, N.: Communicating the psychological contract: an employer perspective. Human Resource Management Journal. 12, 22–38 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2002.tb00062.x. 53. Morrison, E.W., Robinson, S.L.: When Employees Feel Betrayed: A Model of How Psychological Contract Violation Develops. The Academy of Management Review. 22, 226–256 (1997). 54. Robinson, S.L., Rousseau, D.M.: Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 15, 245–259 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030150306. 55. Robinson, S.L., Kraatz, M.S., Rousseau, D.M.: Changing Obligations and the Psychological Contract: A Longitudinal Study. The Academy of Management Journal. 37, 137–152 (1994). 56. Rousseau, D.M.: Psychological contracts in organizations: understanding written and unwritten agreements. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, Calif (1995). 57. Rollinson, D.: Organisational behaviour and analysis: an integrated approach. FT Prentice Hall, Harlow (2008). 58. Herriot, P., Pemberton, C.: Facilitating new deals. Human Resource Management Journal. 7, 45–56 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.1997.tb00273.x. 59. Burnes, B., MyiLibrary: Managing change: a strategic approach to organisational dynamics. Prentice Hall/Financial Times, Harlow, Esex (2009). 60. Robinson, S.L., Kraatz, M.S., Rousseau, D.M.: Changing Obligations and the Psychological Contract: A Longitudinal Study. The Academy of Management Journal. 37, 137–152 (1994). 61. Stiles, P., Gratton, L., Truss, C., Hope-Hailey, V., McGovern, P.: Performance management and the psychological contract. Human Resource Management Journal. 7, 57–66 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.1997.tb00274.x. 62. Wanrooy, B. van: Employment relations in the shadow of recession: findings from the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire (2013). 63. Work less, live more? Palgrave Macmillan, New York (2008). 64. Ruth Eikhof, D., Warhurst, C., Haunschild, A.: Introduction: What work? What life? What balance? Employee Relations. 29, 325–333 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450710839452. 65. Hurrell, S.A.: Dilute to taste? The impact of the working time regulations in the hospitality industry. Employee Relations. 27, 532–546 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450510612040. 66. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 67. Blyton, P., Heery, E., Turnbull, P.: Reassessing the employment relationship. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2011). 68. Bunting, M.: Willing slaves: how the overwork culture is ruling our lives. Harper Perennial, London (2005). 69. Noon, M., Blyton, P., Morrell, K.: The realities of work: experiencing work and employment in contemporary society. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2013). 70. Wanrooy, B. van: Employment relations in the shadow of recession: findings from the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire (2013). 71. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 72. Chmiel, N.: Introduction to work and organizational psychology: a European perspective. Blackwell, Oxford (2000). 73. Labour Research Dept: Tackling workplace stress: a guide for safety reps. LRD Publications, London (2000). 74. Pinel, J., Labour Research Dept: Tackling bullying and harassment at work: a trade unionist’s guide. LRD Publications, London (2005). 75. Labour Research Dept: Tackling stress at work: a trade unionist’s guide. Labour Research Dept, London (2002). 76. Thompson, P., McHugh, D.: Work organisations: a critical introduction. Palgrave, Basingstoke (2002). 77. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 78. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 79. Storey, J., Open University. Business school: Human resource management: a critical text. International Thomson Business Press, London (2001). 80. Leopold, J.W., Harris, L., Watson, T.J.: The strategic managing of human resources. Financial Times Prentice Hall, Harlow (2005). 81. Torrington, D.: Human resource management. Financial Times/Prentice Hall, Harlow (2011). 82. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 83. Mackay, A.: Recruiting, retaining and releasing people: managing redeployment, return, retirement and redundancy. Butterworth-Heinemann, Amsterdam (2007). 84. Torrington, D.: Human resource management. Financial Times/Prentice Hall, Harlow (2011). 85. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T.: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 86. Wilson, F.: Dilemmas of Appraisal. European Management Journal. 20, 620–629 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-2373(02)00113-5. 87. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 88. Leopold, J.W., Harris, L., Watson, T.J.: The strategic managing of human resources. Financial Times Prentice Hall, Harlow (2005). 89. Torrington, D.: Human resource management. Financial Times/Prentice Hall, Harlow (2011). 90. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 91. Bratton, J., Gold, J.: Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2017). 92. Torrington, D.: Human resource management. Financial Times/Prentice Hall, Harlow (2011). 93. ACAS: Employee communications and consultation, http://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=663, (2014). 94. John Gennard, Graham Judge: Employee Relations. Chartered Institute of Personnel & Development. 95. Wilkinson, A.: The Oxford handbook of participation in organizations. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2010). 96. Boxall, P.F., Purcell, J., Wright, P.: The Oxford handbook of human resource management. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2008). 97. Wilkinson, A.: The Oxford handbook of participation in organizations. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2010). 98. Johnstone, S., Ackers, P. eds: Finding a voice at work?: new perspectives on employment relations. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2015). 99. Kochan, T.A., Lipsky, D.B.: Negotiations and change: from the workplace to society. ILR Press, an imprint of Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y. (2003). 100. Moore, S., McKay, S., Veale, S.: Statutory regulation and employment relations: the impact of statutory trade union recognition. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke (2013). 101. Wilkinson, A., Redman, T., Dawson Books: Contemporary human resource management: text and cases. Pearson, Harlow, Essex (2013). 102. Wanrooy, B. van: Employment relations in the shadow of recession: findings from the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire (2013). 103. ACAS: Managing conflict at work, http://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=1218. 104. ACAS: Conciliation Explained, http://www.acas.org.uk/media/pdf/o/g/Conciliation-Explained-Acas.pdf, (2015). 105. CIPD, ACAS: Mediation: an approach to resolving workplace issues, http://www.cipd.co.uk/publicpolicy/policy-reports/mediation-resolving-issues.aspx, (2013). 106. Wanrooy, B. van: Employment relations in the shadow of recession: findings from the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire (2013). 107. Johnstone, S., Ackers, P. eds: Finding a voice at work?: new perspectives on employment relations. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2015). 108. ACAS: Discipline and grievances at work: The Acas guide, http://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=2179.

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