technology in health promotion essay

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Information technology in health promotion

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T. P. Lintonen, A. I. Konu, D. Seedhouse, Information technology in health promotion, Health Education Research , Volume 23, Issue 3, June 2008, Pages 560–566, https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cym001

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eHealth, the use of information technology to improve or enable health and health care, has recently been high on the health care development agenda. Given the vivid interest in eHealth, little reference has been made to the use of these technologies in the promotion of health. The aim of this present study was to conduct a review on recent uses of information technology in health promotion through looking at research articles published in peer-reviewed journals. Fifteen relevant journals with issues published between 2003 and June 2005 yielded altogether 1352 articles, 56 of which contained content related to the use of information technology in the context of health promotion. As reflected by this rather small proportion, research on the role of information technology is only starting to emerge. Four broad thematic application areas within health promotion were identified: use of information technology as an intervention medium, use of information technology as a research focus, use of information technology as a research instrument and use of information technology for professional development. In line with this rather instrumental focus, the concepts ‘ePromotion of Health’ or ‘Health ePromotion’ would come close to describing the role of information technology in health promotion.

e-health is the use of emerging information and communications technology, especially the internet, to improve or enable health and healthcare [ 5 ]

e-health is an emerging field of medical informatics, referring to the organization and delivery of health services and information using the internet and related technologies. In a broader sense, the term characterizes not only a technical development, but also a new way of working, an attitude, and a commitment to networked, global thinking, to improve health care locally, regionally, and worldwide by using information and communication technology. [ 4 ]

While eHealth seems to have inspired numerous definitions, the concept of ‘health promotion’ has been defined with even more enthusiasm (see Discussion in [ 8 ], p. 33–51) ranging from the all-embracing WHO definition [ 7 ] to more specific ones (e.g. [ 8 ], p. 136). A solution to this situation where no single universally acknowledged definition existed had to be made for the purposes of this present study: journals listing health promotion as a key word in the National Library of Medicine (NLM) Locator database were chosen. The resulting set of studies mostly targeted healthy people; adolescents form a particular target group. Lifestyle components, such as smoking, eating and exercise, were especially abundant.

Despite the great number of published definitions of eHealth, little reference is made to the application of these technologies in the promotion of health or in preventing disease. The aim of this present study is to review recent uses of information technology in health promotion through research publications. Furthermore, the contexts and themes of use will be identified and classified to achieve a picture of the utilization of information technology in health promotion. In addition, a reference list to health promoters wishing to learn from others’ experiences of the use of information technology in health promotion will be produced.

Published peer-reviewed articles on the use of information technology in connection with health promotion were analyzed to draw a summary of ways in which technology has been used. The material was acquired through a systematic review of scientific journals in the area of health promotion in four phases.

First, journals were selected using the for Health Sciences Publications, the NLM Locator ( http://locatorplus.gov/ ). We searched for currently published journals (search performed 21 April 2005) for health promotion in any of the publication database key word fields. This first search yielded 88 highly relevant publications with health promotion in any of the database fields.

As the next step, we selected scientific journals publishing peer-reviewed research articles from the set of publications acquired in step one. This process was aided by information from the journal Web pages. The selection process yielded 15 journals.

Third phase in the process of building the data set for analyses was the extraction of the individual journal articles. This phase was conducted in July 2005; we started going backwards in time from journal issues published in June 2005. The extraction process was stopped after issues published in 2005, 2004 and 2003 had been studied. At this point, the number of selected articles had amounted to 1352.

The final step consisted of uploading the article contents. Full-text access was achieved for eight of the journals, while in the cases of the remaining seven, the analysis was performed using article abstracts.

The research papers were analyzed for information technology use in the context of health promotion. Computers are widely used in most research processes e.g. in analyzing data—this kind of use was excluded. The way in which information technology was used was evaluated from the articles. The analysis encompassed seven consecutive steps:

(i) familiarization through reading the abstracts and articles;

(ii) compilation, identifying the most significant (in relation to the research question) elements;

(iii) condensation, identifying central parts from longer descriptions of information technology use;

(iv) the grouping step, to classify similar themes into categories;

(v) preliminary comparison of categories, when the categories were demarcated, examined and revised;

(vi) naming of the categories according to content and

(vii) contrastive comparison of the categories; the unique character of each category was described.

The procedure described above was executed in a consensus process involving two researchers to decrease the role of subjective evaluations. The identification and condensation addressed themes of factual nature—this made achieving consensus relatively straightforward. The result of the analysis is a pattern of descriptive categories generated from the data. Initially, the number of small clusters was rather big, but as the analysis progressed, similar overriding characteristics of use led to broader clusters.

The final set of journals selected for analysis is shown in Table I . Altogether 56 of the 1352 articles contained material related to the use of information technology in the context of health promotion.

Journals included in the review, the number of articles analyzed and the number with information technology-related content

A commonly reported role of information technology was characterized by ‘computer tailoring’, i.e. the use of a computer to select and construct health messages based on information supplied by the user. The World Wide Web (WWW) hosted several applications of this type, e.g. aiding smoking cessation or giving advice on physical exercise. A subgroup of papers reported that information technology had been used mainly to distribute health information, while in another group, the aim of behavior change was clear. The common theme in information technology use in health promotion within this category was labeled ‘intervention medium’ ( Fig. 1 ). From the total of 56 articles, 20 were placed in this category, making it the most widely reported role.

The use of information technology in health promotion—analysis of published research articles. The numbers refer to references.

Two subgroups of papers reported on studies where the use of information technology in health promotion was the ‘research focus’ (a total of 12 articles). In the first subgroup, the quality or usability of health information presented using information technology was evaluated. The studies in the other subgroup explored the ways in which people use information technology to seek information on health issues.

Ten papers reported on the use of information technology as a ‘research instrument’, either in data collection or in reaching research subjects. Application of electronic survey forms to gather health-related data in the WWW is becoming popular as Internet access has become widespread in the industrialized world. One paper [ 9 ] reported a Delphi [ 65 ] study utilizing both e-mailed and WWW-based electronic forms.

Yet another area of information technology utilization was labeled ‘professional development’; this category contained 14 papers. Theoretical and conceptual issues related to the use of information technology in promoting health were studied and discussed in several papers.

The use of information technology in health care has grown exponentially for several years [ 4 ]. However, as reflected by the rather small proportion of research papers found in the reviewed publication series, utilization within health promotion is only starting to emerge. While there may well be a lot of health promoting information provided over the Internet, relatively little research has been published on the issue. It must also be noted that studies critical on the use of technology have been especially few.

Four broad thematic application areas within health promotion were identified: use of information technology as an intervention medium, use of information technology as a research focus, use of information technology as a research instrument, and use of information technology for professional development.

The public increasingly turns to the Internet for information on health issues [ 66 ]. Making information more readily available simultaneously breaks certain professional and official ‘monopolies’ over issues in health. Concern has been raised over what is ‘right’ and what is ‘wrong’ information, and how the user can make the distinction [ 67–69 ].

Several limitations of the study are worth noting. First, only research papers published in scientific journals were studied. The decision to exclude more practically oriented journals and publications aimed at the general public has restricted the view presented in this paper. The decision was made on two grounds: an emphasis on research-based knowledge on the issue and the foreseen practical problems in selecting which other publications to analyze. The decision also has another important justification: scientific papers have been evaluated for quality. Second, it is possible that our review missed some articles in cases where the role of information technology was not mentioned in the abstract. This applies to the seven journals where full-text articles could not be accessed. However, in the full-text papers analyzed, the use of information technology was always mentioned in the abstract as well. This is probably due to the novelty value of information technology in health promotion. In any case, it is likely that some relevant papers have been missed and, as a result, the observed extent of information technology use is an underestimate. Furthermore, the search strategy had other potential weaknesses, including the use of a single database (NLM) for publications, and a rather narrow time frame: from year 2003 until the summer of 2005. Despite the fact that the number of articles reviewed was quite large, the selection may have been skewed. Specific application areas such as computer-tailored interventions may have been insufficiently covered due to articles being published in series not classified under health promotion in the NLM Locator. In the analysis process, a certain amount of subjective component was unavoidable, although efforts were made to control it by making use of a consensus process involving two researchers. It is worthy of noticing that, in some cases, several papers included in the study report on the same research program (e.g. papers #15 and #17) so caution must be exercised when comparing the numbers of studies.

Summing up the experiences of information technology use in health promotion interventions, the main use seems to have been to support interventions targeting individual persons. Practical examples of such use can be found e.g. in papers by Mas et al. [ 54 , 56 ]. Only one paper [ 64 ] reported on an intervention with an ecological approach to health promotion (e.g. [ 70 ], p. 470–501) addressing the physical and social environments. Studies are called for on interventions focusing on the contexts and environments, both physical and social, where people live and work in [ 7 , 71 ]. Likewise, studies assessing possible advantages/disadvantages with Web-based health promotion compared with a traditional approach are also suggested.

Information technology has considerable potential for acquiring data (both from the public and the professionals), for distributing information and for making health promotion and decision-making processes more transparent. Internet-based survey tools with automated analysis processes can be used locally to assess and develop health and well-being in diverse settings [ 72 ]. Tools for assessing the quality of Internet-derived information have been developed [e.g. 14 ], but less has been done in the arena of facilitating rich health information mining so that people would gain as wide a perspective on health issues as possible.

The technology to enable informed and open discussion of any and all health promotion projects already exists [ 73 ]—it is only a matter of time before health promotion initiatives will be openly discussed (and approved or disapproved) on the Internet by their potential recipients. Deliberative democracy on the Internet will also enable citizens to propose their own health promotion initiatives, potentially causing a radical shift in power in the health promotion policy setting.

Rather than suggesting a ‘definition’ for ‘eHealth Promotion’, the aim of this review was to illuminate the current diversity of information technology usage within health promotion. Conceptually, ‘ePromotion of Health’ or ‘Health ePromotion’ would come closer to describing the instrumental role of information technology in health promotion work.

None declared.

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MASTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH (MPH) ONLINE

5 Public Health Technologies to Revolutionize Health Care Delivery

November 8, 2023

View all blog posts under Articles

Advances in technology are changing the way health care services are delivered, from wearable devices that provide earlier diagnoses and recommend personalized treatments, to telehealth technologies that connect patients and health professionals in a virtual space.

In the realm of public health, technology supports the ways in which professionals can gather and analyze information and provide improved care to communities. Public health professionals have vast opportunities to create and use dynamic public health technology solutions that can have a profound impact on patient care.

How Does Technology Support the Goals of Public Health?

Public health’s primary goals focus on protecting and improving the health of communities. Public health technology helps reach these goals with greater efficiency. When applied to public health situations, tech provides public health professionals with advanced tools to obtain accurate, detailed population data in real time. This data can help them build more effective actionable health strategies covering a range of scenarios, from individual care strategies to coordinating support systems that can address widespread disease outbreaks.

Examples of How Technology and Public Health Work Together

Technology encompasses everything from life-saving devices to data-gathering tools, meaning that the synergy between technology and public health is multifaceted. While the following examples demonstrate this interaction in vastly different ways, they are all united by the goal of improving community health .

Geospatial Technology

Geospatial technology has a range of health care functions, but perhaps one of its most interesting might be its ability to provide information that can help improve public health. Geospatial technology collects information about several factors, analyzes the data, and displays the results on a multilayered map.

For example, geospatial tech can provide in-depth information on disease penetration within a specific region, health risks by age demographic, care delivery logistics, and other social factors that influence population health. These multilayered maps can inform and educate professionals and the community about an area’s true state of health care and allow decision-makers to improve the locations they govern.

Geospatial technology’s functionality and purpose quickly rose to greater prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Shortly after the coronavirus started to spread throughout the nation, public health officials turned to geospatial technology, performing contact tracing to identify individuals who may have been exposed to the potentially deadly disease. This methodology enabled public health officials to develop and recommend flexible strategies designed to slow the viral spread.

Twitter Monitoring

Twitter has much more to offer than celebrity gossip and enticing food photos. Health care professionals are using the popular microblogging platform to monitor the spread of infectious diseases, including COVID-19, and predict disease activity. During flu season, researchers at universities across the country analyze millions of tweets containing the word “flu.” These researchers have found Twitter to be a more accurate monitoring tool for the disease than those used in the past, such as public laboratories and Google searches. According to health experts, the real-time information gleaned from Twitter is also more useful because it is timelier. By receiving information nearly earlier, researchers can more accurately chart disease activity. Doctors can also access the information to make better treatment decisions during a health epidemic.

Wearable Technology

Wearable fitness bands allow users to easily track their movements throughout the day. Metrics such as total steps taken, heart rate, run or ride pace, or the amount and quality of sleep each night help individuals better identify, track and achieve their own health and fitness goals. For those who choose to regularly use a wearable monitor, this information can serve as a reference point when communicating with health care providers about general wellness goals or other health markers. Health insurance providers have also taken notice and have built incentive programs to encourage the use of wearables. For example, UnitedHealthcare’s UnitedHealthcare Motion program provides its members the opportunity to earn money toward out-of-pocket medical expenses by reaching walking goals, a metric that can be monitored with a wearable device. Beyond fitness, wearable technologies are advancing to monitor vital statistics such as a user’s heart rate, lung function, blood oxygen level and blood sugar. They are even being developed to track and alert the onset of degenerative conditions such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease. A user could have the level of medication in their blood regularly monitored according to a physician’s plan and be reminded to administer their next dose when its level drops below a certain threshold.

3D Printing

3D printer technology enables medical professionals to produce patient-specific anatomical models that exactly replicate a trouble spot inside a patient. Surgeons are then able to physically handle the models, examining them and simulating a variety of possible procedures to bring a better-informed solution to the operating room. This not only enhances the team-based training environment, but also allows for more specialized, personalized and precise treatment plans — improving health care quality and reducing costs. Other examples of 3D-printed body parts include a functioning artificial ear from scientists at Cornell University, blood vessels from researchers at the University of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, skin cells at Wake Forest University that can be printed directly on wounds, and a 3D-printed liver produced by the private company Organovo. 3D printing also became a vital asset in the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic. A host of 3D-printed devices and tools have been created to alleviate supply chain shortages, from swabs used for COVID testing to splitting devices that enable multiple people to use a single ventilator.

Cell phones, mobile devices and PCs are helping connect patients with their practitioners. People too ill to attend a clinic, without adequate transportation or without spare time can video conference with a trained health care practitioner through apps such as Doctor on Demand and NowClinic. Additionally, all of the health insurance industry’s major players offer some form of telehealth in their health coverage options.

The rise of mobile health, or mhealth, has significant implications not only for the United States, but also the developing world. Data amassed by Pew Research indicates that around 5 billion people worldwide have mobile devices, more than half of which are smartphones. This provides encouragement that telehealth may have the capacity to reach patients that traditional forms of health care do not.

Pursue Your Career in Public Health Technology

Geospatial technologies, social media monitoring, wearable tech, 3D printing and telehealth are just some of the tools that medical professionals are employing to improve patient care and outcomes. While time will tell what other high-tech tools will revolutionize public health in the future, each of these current and evolving public health technologies has the potential to profoundly impact a community’s health and well-being.

Working toward your online Master of Public Health from USC means embracing the growing role that technology is playing in the delivery of health care services.

The online program prepares skilled, compassionate public health professionals who are equipped to make a positive difference in the lives of others. The curriculum offers students the knowledge and understanding to help those who need it most, and puts them at the forefront of emerging technologies and trends.

Discover today how USC and the Master of Public Health program can inspire your career journey.

Recommended Readings

MPH Student Uses Models to Promote Public Health Awareness

CDC Foundation, What Is Public Health?

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, GIS and Public Health at CDC

Doctor on Demand, About

HealthyPeople.gov, Health Communication and Health Information Technology

Insurance.com, Does Health Insurance Cover Telehealth?

JMIR Publications, Preliminary Flu Outbreak Prediction Using Twitter Posts Classification and Linear Regression With Historical Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Reports: Prediction Framework Study

JMIR Publications, Wearable Health Technology and Electronic Health Record Integration: Scoping Review and Future Directions

National Institute on Aging, Telehealth: What Is It, How to Prepare, Is It Covered?

Nature Medicine, Digital Technologies in the Public-Health Response to COVID-19

News Medical Life Sciences, The Rise of 3D Printing in the COVID-19 Pandemic

NowClinic, About Our NowClinic Providers

PEW Research Center, Smartphone Ownership Is Growing Rapidly Around the World, but Not Always Equally

Pharmaceutical Technology, 3D Printing in Healthcare: Healthcare Trends

Learn More About Our MPH Program

The Essential Role of Technology in the Public Health Battle Against COVID-19

Affiliations.

• 1 Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, USA.
• 2 The Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
• 3 Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
• 4 Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
• 5 Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
• PMID: 32857014
• DOI: 10.1089/pop.2020.0187

Technology has played an important role in responding to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and subsequent COVID-19 pandemic. The virus's blend of lethality and transmissibility have challenged officials and exposed critical limitations of the traditional public health apparatus. However, throughout this pandemic, technology has answered the call for a new form of public health that illustrates opportunities for enhanced agility, scale, and responsiveness. The authors share the Microsoft perspective and illustrate how technology has helped transform the public health landscape with new and refined capabilities - the efficacy and impact of which will be determined by history. Technologies like chatbot and virtualized patient care offer a mechanism to triage and distribute care at scale. Artificial intelligence and high-performance computing have accelerated research into understanding the virus and developing targeted therapeutics to treat infection and prevent transmission. New mobile contact tracing protocols that preserve patient privacy and civil liberties were developed in response to public concerns, creating new opportunities for privacy-sensitive technologies that aid efforts to prevent and control outbreaks. While much progress is still needed, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted technology's importance to public health security and pandemic preparedness. Future multi-stakeholder collaborations, including those with technology organizations, are needed to facilitate progress in overcoming the current pandemic, setting the stage for improved pandemic preparedness in the future. As lessons are assessed from the current pandemic, public officials should consider technology's role and continue to seek opportunities to supplement and improve on traditional approaches.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; infectious disease; population health; public health; technology.

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• Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology
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The impact of health information technology on patient safety

Yasser k. alotaibi.

From the Continuous Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Department (Alotaibi), Medical Services General Directorate, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Department of Patient Safety (Federico), Institute for Health Care Improvement, Cambridge Massachusetts, United States of America

Frank Federico

Since the original Institute of Medicine (IOM) report was published there has been an accelerated development and adoption of health information technology with varying degrees of evidence about the impact of health information technology on patient safety. This article is intended to review the current available scientific evidence on the impact of different health information technologies on improving patient safety outcomes. We conclude that health information technology improves patient’s safety by reducing medication errors, reducing adverse drug reactions, and improving compliance to practice guidelines. There should be no doubt that health information technology is an important tool for improving healthcare quality and safety. Healthcare organizations need to be selective in which technology to invest in, as literature shows that some technologies have limited evidence in improving patient safety outcomes.

Patient safety is a subset of healthcare and is defined as the avoidance, prevention, and amelioration of adverse outcomes or injuries stemming from the processes of health care. 1 In 1999 the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) report “To err is human” called for developing and testing new technologies to reduce medical error, 2 and the subsequent 2001 report “crossing the quality chiasm” called for using information technology as a key first step in transforming and changing the healthcare environment to achieve better and safer care. 3

Healthcare information technology (HIT) has been defined as “the application of information processing involving both computer hardware and software that deals with the storage, retrieval, sharing, and use of health care information, data, and knowledge for communication and decision making”. 4

Health information technology includes various technologies that span from simple charting, to more advanced decision support and integration with medical technology. Health information technology presents numerous opportunities for improving and transforming healthcare which includes; reducing human errors, improving clinical outcomes, facilitating care coordination, improving practice efficiencies, and tracking data over time. Since the original IOM report was published, there has been an accelerated development and adoption of health information technology with varying degrees of evidence about the impact of health information technology on patient safety.

This review is intended to summarize the current available scientific evidence on the impact of different health information technologies on improving patient safety outcomes. This review might be useful for clinicians and healthcare policy makers when making evidence based decisions on procurement and implementation of such technology to improve patient safety. This review considered studies that were conducted in the healthcare settings both inpatient and community setting, with an intervention of any of the following; electronic physician’s orders (CPOE), clinical decision support (CDS), E-prescribing, electronic sign-out and hand-off tools, bar code medication administration (BCMA), smart pumps, automated medication dispensing cabinets (ADC), electronic medication administration record (eMAR), patient data management systems (PDMS), retained surgical items detectors, patient electronic portals, telemedicine, electronic incident reporting, and electronic medical record (EMR). Our primary outcomes of interest were patient safety, medical errors, adverse events, medication errors, adverse drug events, and mortality. The priority was given to systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials. If such studies were not identified then other types of experimental studies or epidemiological study designs including; non-randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, before and after studies, prospective and retrospective cohort studies and case control studies.

Studies were excluded if they met any of the following criteria: high risk of bias, studies that were conducted in non-clinical settings, cointerventions with non-health information technology interventions, not evaluating patient safety outcomes, qualitative or narrative studies.

The search strategy was conducted to find both published and unpublished studies. The search strategy included Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database. Studies published until January 2017 were considered for inclusion in this review. Initial keywords used were: Electronic Medical Record (EMR), Electronic Physician’s Order entry (CPOE), Clinical Decision Support (CDS), E-prescribing, Electronic Sign-out and Hand-off, Bar Code Medication Administration (BCMA), Closed Loop Medication Administration, Patient Data Management Systems (PDMS), Retained Surgical Items Detectors, Patient Electronic Portals, Telemedicine, Electronic Incident Reporting, Intelligent Infusion Devices, Smart Pump, Programmable Pump, Automated Medication Dispensing, medication error adverse events, adverse drug events, adverse drug reactions, patient safety, medical errors. Studies were assessed for methodological validity and risk of bias using the Cochrane methodology prior to inclusion in the review.

Computerized physician order entry entails the use of electronic or computer support to enter physician orders including medication orders using a computer or mobile device platform. 5 Computerized physician order entry systems were originally developed to improve the safety of medication orders, but more modern systems allow electronic ordering of tests, procedures, and consultations as well. Computerized physician order entry systems are usually integrated with a clinical decision support system (CDS), which acts as an error prevention tool through guiding the prescriber on the preferred drug doses, route, and frequency of administration. In addition, some CPOE systems may have the feature of prompting the prescriber to any patient allergies, drug-drug or drug-lab interactions or with sophisticated systems it might prompt the prescriber towards interventions that should be prescribed based on clinical guideline recommendation (example venous thromboembolism prophylaxis). A metaanalysis 6 evaluating the effectiveness of CPOE to reduce medication errors and adverse drug events in hospitals found that the implementation of a COPE with clinical decision support resulted in significant reduction in medication errors (RR:0.46; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.71) and adverse drug reactions (RR: 0.47; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.60). Similarly, studies conducted in community based outpatient services showed comparable results in reducing medication errors. 7 , 8 The use of hard-stops as a measure of forcing function and error prevention in CPOE systems has been studied and was found to be effective in changing prescribing errors. However, the use of hard-stops resulted in clinically important treatment delays. 9

The use of a stand-alone CPOE without CDS does not seem to reduce medication errors. Studies that have evaluated the use of a basic CPOE system without a clinical decision support system showed that it did not improve overall patient safety or reduce medication errors. 10 Published research demonstrates that COPE systems are one of the most rigorously evaluated health information technologies, with a high level of scientific evidence regarding the reduction of medication errors, but this benefit is only consistent when used in combination with a CDS system.

Clinical decision support

Clinical decision support provides the health care professional with information and patient-specific information. This information is intended to enhance the decision of the healthcare provider and is rationally filtered and presented to the healthcare professional at appropriate times. Clinical decision support includes a range of tools to enhance decision-making and the clinical workflow. These tools include notifications, alerts and reminders to care providers and patients, clinical guidelines, condition-specific order sets, patient specific clinical summaries, documentation templates, investigation and diagnostic support, among other tools. 11 A Cochrane systematic review 12 concluded that the use of on screen reminders for physicians resulted in minor to modest improvements in process adherence, medication ordering, vaccination, laboratory ordering and clinical outcomes.

Physicians tend to frequently ignore alerts from clinical decision support systems. A study 13 evaluated 18,115 drug alerts in the Boston area and found that 33% of alerts were ignored by the ordering physician. Several clinical trials 14 , 15 have studied the effect of different CDS system modifications to improve physician’s compliance to alerts and have found that “tiering” and “automation of alerts” resulted in improved physician’s compliance to CDS alerts. A meta-analysis studied reasons for why some CDS systems succeed and improve patient outcomes and why others do not, and concluded that CDS systems which provided simple advice were less likely to succeed, while the odds of success were greater for CDS systems that demanded the healthcare provider to justify the reason when over-riding CDS advise. The odds of success were also better for CDS systems that provided advice simultaneously to patients and practitioners. In addition, CDS systems that were evaluated by their developer rather than third party developers were more likely to be successful. 16 Published research demonstrates consistent high-quality evidence that CDS systems improve quality of care and patient safety but the results may vary with different system designs and implementation methods.

Sign-out or “hand-over” communication relates to the process of passing patient-specific information from one caregiver to another, from one team of caregivers to the next, or from caregivers to the patient and family for the purpose of ensuring patient care continuity and safety. 17 Breakdown in handover of patient information has been found to be one of the leading root causes of sentinel events in the United States. 18 Electronic sign-out applications are tools used as standalone or integrated with the electronic medical record to ensure a structured transfer of patient information during healthcare provider handoffs. Two systematic reviews 19 , 20 evaluating outcomes of electronic tools supporting physician shift-to-shift handoffs concluded that most studies supported using an electronic tool with an improvement in the process of handover, fewer omissions of critical patient information and reduced handover time when using the electronic tool with few low-quality studies assessing patient outcome measures. The authors in both reviews also noted that a significant number of the included studies were not well designed and further evaluation using rigorous study designs is needed.

Bar code medication administration systems are electronic systems that integrate electronic medication administration records with bar code technology. These systems are intended to prevent medication error by ensuring that the right patient receives the right medication at the right time. Furthermore, there are varying levels of sophistication among existing barcode systems. For example, some software produces alerts when sound-alike or look-alike medications may be confused. Others provide clinical advisories for specific medications when scanned, and others may assist with documentation (namely, recording drug administration in the eMAR and other relevant clinical details). 21

Our literature search did not find any randomized controlled clinical trials on the use of barcode medication administration or closed loop medication administration. The highest level of clinical evidence on this technology is based on observational or quasi-experimental studies. A systematic review of quasi-experimental studies 22 found that bar code medication administration when integrated with electronic medication administration records may reduce medication administration errors by 50% to 80%. However, the systematic review did not elaborate on whether the included studies were evaluated for the quality of their methodology. The review also noted that there is a limited data on the use of barcode technology on pediatric and outpatient setting as most studies have been conducted in an inpatient adult setting. Another systematic review 21 conducted a meta-analysis of studies involving BCMA which found that implementing BCMA resulted in an overall reduction in medication errors by 57% (OR=0.425, 95% CI: 0.28-0.65, p <0.001). However, this result should be interpreted with caution as studies involved in the meta-analysis had a high degree of heterogeneity. Although BCMA automates and improves documentation of medication administration, there is a moderate to weak clinical evidence on its efficacy in reducing medication errors. Further robust studies are needed to make a conclusion. Healthcare organizations also need to consider the impact of implementing BCMA on their workflows.

Smart pumps are intravenous infusion pumps that are equipped with medication error-prevention software. This software alerts the operator when the infusion setting is set outside of pre-configured safety limits. 23 The only published randomized controlled trial 24 on the impact of smart pumps on medication safety has shown that there was no statistical difference between activating the decision support feature on or off the smart pump. The authors had explained that this was likely in part due to poor compliance of healthcare providers to infusion practices. A systematic review of quasi-experimental studies 25 concluded that smart pumps may reduce programing errors but they do not eliminate such errors. The review also found that hard limits were more effective than soft limits in preventing medication errors. This was explained by the high override rate of soft limits. Further robust studies are needed to make a conclusion of the efficacy of smart pumps on reducing medication errors and improving patient’s safety.

Automated dispensing cabinets (ADC) are electronic drug cabinets that store medication at the point of care with controlled dispensing and tracking of medication distribution. Automated dispensing cabinets were fist used in hospitals in the 1980s, but have evolved over time to include more sophisticated software and digital interfaces to synthesize high-risk steps in the medication dispensing process. Automated medication dispensing cabinets have been successfully used as a medication inventory management tool that help in automating the medication dispensing process by minimizing the workload on the central pharmacy and keeping better track of medication dispensing and patient billing. The impact of ADC on patient’s safety is limited, as there is only one published controlled trial, 26 which found that the use of ADC resulted in a 28% ( p <0.05) reduction in the rate of medication errors in a hospital critical care unit (RR: 0.7; NNT: 4). Detailed analysis revealed that most reduced errors were preparation errors. The automated dispensing system did not reduce errors causing harm. Automated dispensing cabinets seem to reduce medication preparation errors in critical care setting. Although the level of evidence is high, it is however only limited to critical care setting. Further controlled studies are needed to make a conclusion on the impact of ADC on medication safety in other settings.

There are various technologies that are used to enhance the prevention of retained surgical items which include: bar coding and radiofrequency (RFID) tagging of surgical items. A systematic review 27 identified 3 studies that evaluated technologies preventing retained surgical items. One study was a randomized control trial on the use of barcode assisted sponge count technology which found that there was no difference between the intervention group and the control group, but the time to conduct the count was significantly longer in the intervention. Another study evaluated the RFID tagging of surgical items and found statistically insignificant results. Currently, there is insufficient clinical evidence to recommend for or against the use of such technology. The use of such technologies must not be considered as a stand-alone procedure and must be supplementary to manual counts due to many reasons which include cost, confusion with older non-tagged devices, and wand technique with RF and RFID systems. 28

A patient portal is a secure online application that provides patients access to their personal health information and 2-way electronic communication with their care provider using a computer or a mobile device. 29 Numerous studies 30 - 32 have shown that patient portals improve outcomes of preventive care and disease awareness and self-management. However, there is no evidence that they improve patient safety outcomes.

Telemedicine is defined as the use of telecommunication technologies to facilitate patient to provider or provider to provider communication. Communication maybe synchronous with real-time 2-way video communication or asynchronous transmission of patient clinical information. In addition to communication, telemedicine may provide health information that is collected remotely from medical devices or personal mobile devices. This information may be used to monitor patients, track or change their behavior. 33

Virtual visits are real-time 2-way audio/video communication between a healthcare provider and a patient. Numerous systematic reviews 34 - 37 have studied the impact of virtual visits on patient outcomes in critical care, chronic disease care, and psychiatric care. All have showed that telemedicine is as effective as face to face care with regard to specific clinical outcomes but there is limited evidence regarding patient safety outcomes. An e-consultation is an electronic communication between the patient’s primary care clinician and a specialist using a secure communication platform. This technology facilitates guidance from the specialist regarding the management of the patient without the need for referring the patient. There is limited evidence about the efficacy and safety of e-consults, but studies have shown that e-consults may reduce patient wait times for specialist appointments and opinions. 38 , 39

Studies evaluating community based Remote patient monitoring (telemonitoring) 40 - 44 have shown that it improves patient outcomes for certain chronic conditions including; heart failure, stroke, COPD, asthma and hypertension. Patient data management system (PDMS) are systems that automatically retrieve data from bedside medical equipment (namely patient monitor, ventilator, intravenous pump, and so forth). The data is subsequently summarized and restructured to aid healthcare providers in interpreting the data. 45 Recent advances in integration have allowed PDMS to be integrated with clinical decision support and the patient’s electronic medical record. A systematic review 45 studied the clinical impact of PDMS and found that such systems increased the time spent on direct patient care by reducing the time spent on charting. In addition, PDMS systems reduced the occurrence of errors (medication errors, ventilator incidents, intravenous incidents, and other incidents). The review also found that 2 articles reported an improvement in clinical outcomes when a PDMS was integrated with a clinical decision support system. Research shows that telemedicine technology seems to improve clinical outcomes for certain medical conditions and, seems to enhance accessibility to healthcare services and foster patient-physician collaboration. Apart from the limited evidence on PDMS, the impact of telemedicine on patient safety does not seem to be very clear.

Electronic incident reporting systems are web-based systems that allow healthcare providers who are involved in safety events to voluntarily report such incidents. Such systems can be integrated with the electronic health record (EHR) to enable abstraction of data and automated detection of adverse events through trigger tools. Electronic incident reporting systems potentially have the following advantages; standardize reporting structure, standardize incident action workflow, rapid identification of serious incidents and trigger events, while automating data entry and analysis. Published research shows that healthcare organizations that have moved to an electronic reporting system have experienced a significant increase in reporting frequency. 46 Incident reporting systems may improve clinical processes, but there is little evidence that electronic reporting systems ultimately reduce medical errors. 47

Numerous studies have considered the outcomes of implementing an electronic medical record on healthcare quality and patient safety, with a majority of studies showing favorable results. Although, some studies demonstrated negative outcomes which continues to evoke dispute. Campanella et al 48 published perhaps the largest and most recent metaanalysis on the impact of electronic health records on healthcare quality and patient safety, which included 47 studies. The results favored the use of electronic medical records. The metaanalysis showed that organizations which implemented electronic health records had a 30% higher guideline adherence (RR= 1.33; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.76; p =0.049), a reduction in medication errors by 54% (RR=0.46; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.55; p <0.001) and a reduction in adverse drug reactions by 36% (RR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.99; p =0.045). The meta-analysis did not find any impact on overall mortality.

There is substantial evidence that implementing an electronic medical record reduces medical errors and improves patient’s safety. Computerized physician order entry and CDS are probably one of the most beneficial health information technologies for improving patient safety. In addition, ADC systems and PDMS seem to improve patient safety in critical care setting. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to reach a conclusion on patient safety outcomes for the following health information technologies; electronic sign-out and hand-off tools, smart pumps, bar-code medication administration, retained surgical items detectors, patient portals, telemedicine and electronic incident reporting. It is worth mentioning, that there is evidence that the aforementioned technologies seem to improve healthcare processes and non-safety outcomes Table 1 summarizes the evidence on various HIT technologies on patient safety.

Summary of the evidence of Health Information Technology (HIT) on patient safety

Published studies on health information technology exhibit variation in outcomes between different organizations when using the same technology. This has been attributed in the literature to the operationalization of health information technology within the complex adaptive health care system. Sittig and Singh 49 suggested a conceptual socio-technical model that accounts for key factors which influence the success of health information technology interventions. The 8 dimensions of their model are human-computer interface, workflow and communication, clinical content, internal organizational policies, people, hardware and software, external factors and system measurement and monitoring. The first 3 domains have been found by the Joint Commission to lead to 80% of health information technology sentinel events and serious adverse events and the Joint Commission subsequently recommended actions to improve HIT by focusing on 3 areas: safety culture, process improvement, and leadership. 50 The ONC has also published a series of guides called the “SAFER guide”, which addresses electronic health record safety in a variety of areas (https://www.healthit.gov/safer/safer-guides).

The authors of this review recommend a comprehensive framework for organizations looking to improve patient safety outcomes when using health information technology which includes the following:

1. Health Information Governance. Organizations must establish a health information oversight mechanism that includes leadership and relevant stakeholders. In addition, organizations need to ensure that their health information plan is coordinated with the organization’s patient safety and risk management plan.

2. Safety Risk Identification. Organizations need to identify areas that health information technology might aid in improving patient safety namely, medication safety, guideline adherence, and so forth.

3. Stake-Holder Involvement: Stakeholders need to be involved in all phases of health information projects from planning and implementation until continuous improvement. The most important stakeholder must be the system end-user and process owner.

4. Informed Decision: Organizations need to review the cost effectiveness of suggested technologies, which includes conducting an evidence based decision and an evaluation of the current information technology infrastructure including software and hardware.

5. Sufficient Training: Organizations need to ensure that all relevant line staff receive sufficient training on the use of the proposed health information technology.

6. Gradual Implementation: Rolling out the technology in a gradual stepped approach is crucial to avoid disruption of current processes and systems.

7. Continuous evaluation and monitoring of patient safety outcomes: Organizations need to measure patient safety outcomes on a continuous basis especially during the initial implementation to ensure that the new technology achieves its intended outcome.

8. Technology optimization: Organizations need to modify and finetune the implemented technology based on user feedback and patient safety outcomes.

9. Regular technology updates: Organizations must ensure that health information technologies are continuously updated to comply with recent best clinical practices, regulatory standards, and technical stability.

We studied the impact of a broad array of health information technologies which yielded studies with heterogeneous methodologies and interventions. Other sources of variability in the reviewed studies could be due to different vendors, software, quality, usability, and settings of implementation. Most studies on health information technology were in English, and we limited our search as such, which might result in the exclusion of relevant international articles.

In conclusion, health information technology improves patient safety by reducing medication errors, reducing adverse drug reactions and improving compliance to practice guidelines. There should be no doubt that health information technology is an important tool for improving healthcare quality and safety, but healthcare organizations need to be selective in which technology to invest in, as literature shows that some technologies have limited evidence in improving patient safety outcomes.

Essay on the Impact of Technology on Health Care

Technology has grown to become an integral part of health. Healthcare organizations in different parts of the world are using technology to monitor their patients’ progress while others are using technology to store patients’ data (Bonato 37). Patient outcomes have improved due to technology, and health organizations that sought profits have significantly increased their income because of technology. It is no doubt that technology has influenced medical services in varied ways. Therefore, it would be fair to conclude that technology has positively affected healthcare.

First, technology has improved access to medical information and data (Mettler 33). One of the most significant advantages triggered by technology is the ability to store and access patient data. Medical professionals can now track patients’ progress by retrieving data from anywhere. At the same time, the internet has allowed doctors to share medical information rapidly amongst themselves, an instance that leads to more efficient patient care.

Second, technology has allowed clinicians to gather big data in a limited time (Chen et al. 72). Digital technology allows instant data collection for professionals engaged in epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and those in research. The collection of data, in this case, allows for meta-analysis and permits healthcare organizations to stay on top of cutting edge technological trends.

In addition to allowing quick access to medical data and big data technology has improved medical communication (Free et al. 54). Communication is a critical part of healthcare; nurses and doctors must communicate in real-time, and technology allows this instance to happen. Also, healthcare professionals can today make their videos, webinars and use online platforms to communicate with other professionals in different parts of the globe.

Technology has revolutionized how health care services are rendered. But apart from improving healthcare, critics argue that technology has increased or added extra jobs for medical professionals (de Belvis et al. 11). Physicians need to have excellent clinical skills and knowledge of the human body. Today, they are forced to have knowledge of both the human body and technology, which makes it challenging for others. Technology has also improved access to data, and this has allowed physicians to study and understand patients’ medical history. Nevertheless, these instances have opened doors to unethical activities such as computer hacking (de Belvis et al. 13). Today patients risk losing their medical information, including their social security numbers, address and other critical information.

Despite the improvements that have come with adopting technology, there is always the possibility that digital technological gadgets might fail. If makers of a given technology do not have a sustainable business process or a good track record, their technologies might fail. Many people, including patients and doctors who solely rely on technology, might be affected when it does. Apart from equipment failure, technology has created the space for laziness within hospitals.

Doctors and patients heavily rely on medical technology for problem-solving. In like manner, medical technologies that use machine learning have removed decision-making in different hospitals; today, medical tools are solving people’s problems. Technology has been great for our hospitals, but the speed at which different hospitals are adapting to technological processes is alarming. Technology often fails, and when it does, health care may be significantly affected. Doctors and patients who use technology may be forced to go back to traditional methods of health care services.

Bonato, P. “Advances in Wearable Technology and Its Medical Applications.”  2010 Annual International Conference of The IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology , 2010, pp. 33-45.

Chen, Min et al. “Disease Prediction by Machine Learning Over Big Data from Healthcare Communities.”  IEEE Access , vol. 5, 2017, pp. 69-79.

De Belvis, Antonio Giulio et al. “The Financial Crisis in Italy: Implications for The Healthcare Sector.”  Health Policy , vol. 106, no. 1, 2012, pp. 10-16.

Free, Caroline et al. “The Effectiveness of M-Health Technologies for Improving Health and Health Services: A Systematic Review Protocol.”  BMC Research Notes , vol. 3, no. 1, 2010, pp. 42-78.

Mettler, Matthias. “Blockchain Technology in Healthcare: The Revolution Starts Here.”  2016 IEEE 18Th International Conference On E-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom) , 2016, pp. 23-78.

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192 Health Promotion Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best health promotion topic ideas & essay examples, 👍 good essay topics on health promotion, 📃 simple & easy health promotion essay titles, 💡 interesting topics to write about health promotion, ✅ most interesting health promotion topics to write about, 📑 good research topics about health promotion.

• Utilizing Pender’s Health Promotion Model: Patient Education P, the necessity to manage the patient’s sugar blood levels is currently the main priority and the essential goal of the treatment process.
• Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender The environment as the second concept of the Health Promotion Model refers to the physical, cultural, and social background in which an individual grows. We will write a custom essay specifically for you by our professional experts 808 writers online Learn More
• On the Strategies for Healthy Eating Promotion Today, I will discuss three strategies for healthy eating: I will first talk about the importance of making a food journal and planning meals and snacks for each week based on the available budget.
• Precede-Proceed Model for Health Promotion Program The fourth component of the PRECEDE is determining the administrative and policy issues that affect implementation, and then choosing the best interventions to promote the desired and anticipated changes.
• Health Promotion and Disease Prevention and Management Strategies Since its founding in 1884, Montefiore Medical Center has worked tirelessly to improve the health and well-being of the people of New York City.
• Importance of Mental Health Promotion in Society Mental health is an integral part of health which serves as the foundation for the well-being and effective functioning for a person and society.
• Health Promotion for Childhood Obesity by Nazaret The study described in the article spans three years and focuses on the effects of a gamified approach to weight loss in children suffering from obesity.
• Family Nursing Care Plan – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Therefore, it is critical to consider a holistic approach to take care of the family and improve the quality of their lifestyle.
• The Holistic Health Promotion Model Overview This paper will therefore address the concerns in a holistic approach that will include spiritual support and beliefs, physical concerns, and the possible distress in the context of a family; the significance of a holistic […]
• The Role of Te Tiriti o Waitangi and the Equity Principle in Relation to the Health Promotion Practice in New Zealand The Aspects and Importance of Te Tiriti o Waitangi The aspect of protection which is discussed in relation to different interpretations of Te Tiriti o Waitangi is important to be analysed as the key concept […]
• Health Promotion Model in Childhood Obesity Medicine This theory will create a safe space for the patient and staff and improve the relationship and understanding of each other’s needs.
• Personal Health Promotion Plan It is important for people to embrace good eating habits and exercise to reduce the chances of developing chronic health complications.
• Health Promotion: The Role of Nurses The Health Belief Model is a theoretical concept that allows nurses to predict the behaviors and beliefs of the people in a community towards medical health.
• Health Promotion Pamphlet Analysis The pamphlet is laid out in such a way that it is appealing in that it is systematically subdivided into subheadings starting with a definition of high blood pressure, what high blood pressure does to […]
• Health Promotion and Sustainable Development The concept of sustainable development emerged as a guiding principle in the formulation of policies to address health and development issues around the world.
• Pender’s Health Promotion Model HPM clearly states that the idea of health promotion is multidimensional, and all the levels that impact one adherence to a health plan are interconnected based on their relationship and the overall outcome.
• Health Promotion in Nursing Analysis In this essay, a review of the literature of three journals will be put in perspective with a view of knowing the definition of health promotion, and the roles of the nurses in the overall […]
• Health Promotion: Diabetes Mellitus and Comorbidities This offers a unique challenge in the management of diabetes and other chronic diseases; the fragmented healthcare system that is geared towards management of short-term medical emergencies often is not well prepared for the patient […]
• Social Marketing in Public Health Promotion The article will use numerous examples to counter the argument that social marketing is a waste of time and money. The use of social marketing may help a health organization to reach many people.
• Values of a Nurse’s Health Promotion and a Client The most proper way to tackle it is to accept it and follow the will of a patient. It is obligatory to respect the worldview and opinion of a patient.
• Health Promotion Strategies and Barriers Health promotion is one of the critical activities of the modern healthcare sector. The term implies the process of enabling people to improve their health and increase control of their well-being.
• Teen Pregnancy: A Health Promotion and Sexual Education Plan For example, condoms may be used to prevent STDs, and oral contraceptives may be taken in order to ensure birth control. Pregnancy is related to a significant number of procedures and complicated care.
• Environmental Factors and Health Promotion: Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution This presentation offers some information about the damage of air pollution and presents a health promotion plan with helpful resources and evidence from research.
• Health Promotion Program Design The group selected for the health promotion program is the high school teenage group, ranging from fifteen to nineteen years of age.
• Cultural Factors in Health Promotion Strategies Health promotion is aimed at bettering the individual social, economic and environmental conditions in a bid to minimize the effects on the overall health of the individual and the society.
• Smoking Cessation and Health Promotion Plan Patients addicted to tobacco are one of the major concerns of up-to-date medicine as constant nicotine intake leads to various disorders and worsens the health state and life quality of the users.
• Exploration of a Health Promotion Priority To enhance the understanding of the process and theoretical frameworks, the promotion of physical activity and active communities in Victoria will be discussed.
• Health Promotion Plan: Immunization In that regard, a health promotion plan for immunization should include the element of the common good. Secondly, the promotion of immunization should find reflection in a reduction of infectious disease rates and the number […]
• Health Promotion for Smokers The purpose of this paper is to show the negative health complications that stem from tobacco use, more specifically coronary heart disease, and how the health belief model can help healthcare professionals emphasize the importance […]
• Mindfulness’ Role in Mental Health Promotion With the incorporation of mindfulness into therapy, one will be able to reduce stress by promoting active health education and learning to a patient.
• An Ethical Health Promotion-Related Issue The work of medical workers, in this case, is to avoid conflicts, provide ethical assistance, and protect the security of visitors.
• Family-Centered Health Assessment and Promotion Health services are crucial to the family because they enable the different members of the family to understand their health conditions and thus be able to promote their quality of life.
• Social Cognitive Theory as Health Promotion Model The result of this connection is a regulation of behavior formed as reciprocal determinism: the environment influences the individual’s cognitive abilities and creates a specific type of thinking, the patterns of which, in turn, influence […]
• Syrian Refugees in Ottawa: Health Promotion Needs This report will highlight the difficulties of neglected facets such as mental health and the crucial role of implementing global proficiency in health professionals and organizations that work with refugees.
• Health Promotion and Primary Prevention The major goal of this community teaching plan is to educate the population on primary health prevention activities and raise their awareness of health promotion’s importance.
• Hepatitis B: Prevention and Health Promotion Strategies The research determines the importance of nursing planning and interventions to attain the existing goals and how they can influence communities and populations’ health. For this reason, the significance of the topic and the necessity […]
• The Problem of Obesity and Health Promotion The problem of obesity is relevant for countries in which most of the population is constantly starving, and in industrialized countries it has long been a serious aspect of public health.
• Population Health Promotion Benefits As a result, the community health nurse must supervise the community members in order to manage and control their health medical condition.
• Immunization and Health Promotion The next one is Human papillomavirus, which is done in 2 or three doses before the age of 27. The seventh vaccine is Pneumococcal, which should be taken once before the age of 65 and […]
• Nursing Theory and Health Promotion Model To use theory effectively in all realms of practice, training, and investigation, it is necessary to understand how to explain, analyze, and assess the concept.
• Health Promotion and Educational Needs of Patients To compare the effectiveness of the preventive measures, it is necessary to explain the role of healthcare providers in stopping the spread of disease.
• Nutrition and Health Promotion This shows that nutritional balance is essential in the development of a body, and thus excess or deficient intake can lead to health complications.
• Nudging as an Ethical Health Promotion-Related Issue Non-educative nudging goes against patient rights of autonomy and informed consent, and healthcare professionals should abstain from them to not lose the patient’s trust.
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Health Promotion For instance, it highlights the role of parents in the care process of minors, the right to access healthcare information for minors, the role of patients in self-care and the role of nurses in communicating […]
• The Health Promotion Model Analysis As a result, the distinction is reflected in how diverse health models depict a person and the methods used to persuade them of the same notion of health and how to attain it.
• Nora Pender’s Health Promotion Model The use of the Health Promotion Model for the EB is validated by the compatibility between the theory’s central idea and the EB’s goal of improving the quality of nurses’ work with patients for improving […]
• Health Promotion and Interdisciplinary Approach In the realm of health promotion, experts from various multidisciplinary health workers have agreed on the characteristics of effective collaboration and an interdisciplinary approach. Thus, their skills and approach will be essential in the success […]
• Health Promotion and Role of Nutrition One of the major aspects of health promotion concerns the patterns of nutrition, as there is a tendency of miscomprehending their impact on health.
• Sexual Health and Diversity, Health Promotion Thus, there are obstacles to promoting sexual and reproductive health among LGBTI people, and they must be overcome to improve the nation’s health.
• Health Promotion Plan: Smokers in Mississippi The main strategies of the training session are to reduce the number of smokers in Mississippi, conduct a training program on the dangers of smoking and work with tobacco producers.
• The Importance of Ethical Health Promotion Most of the privacy and state-of-the-art strategies put in place are still inadequate and incapable of meeting the demands of more patients.
• Role of the Pediatric Nurse in the Promotion of Health in School The role of a pediatric nurse is to promote physical and emotional health in schoolchildren and adolescents. The role of the pediatric nurse is to ensure that the child grows into a healthy and responsible […]
• Why Partnership Is Important for Public Health Promotion? In addition to treatment, they work with the prevention of illness, establish coordination between patients and the health system, and take part in improving public health. Additionally, it is important to recognize the role of […]
• Health Promotion Model for Teaching Patient The purpose of this essay is to describe the model of health promotion and the barriers that affect the ability of patients to learn.
• Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology, Health Promotion, and Disease Prevention Idiopathic; affects adults aged 50 and above or results from the effect of any other disorder. Sex women are at a higher risk.
• Public Health, Health Promotion, and Health Education The relationship between public health, health promotion and health education is an interesting one yet has humble origins that begin within with your average school.
• Health Promotion Theories and How They Can Help Patients The introduction of interventions to correctly calculate calories, change daily activity, and take specific medications can help in the treatment of the patient.
• Family Health Promotion Strategies Collective health begins at home, and a nurse can become a medium between the family and the society, explaining the importance of different health strategies to the family members.
• Self-Empowerment Health Promotion Model In terms of the self-empowerment model, the patient is taught to enhance the sense of personal identity and responsibility by being encouraged to pay attention to the decision-making process.
• Health Promotion Levels Overview Hence, the process of health promotion and disease prevention should also include different perspectives and channels to secure positive health care tendencies.
• LGBTQ: Personal Characteristics in Health Promotion According to GLMA, since the patient’s cultural relevance is vital to improve their health in this healthcare facility, in addition to biophysical information, the questionnaire should contain cultural questions.
• Approaches to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention In this case, disregard for the principles of individual responsibility and freedom of choice is the lesser evil that was adopted to achieve positive public health outcomes.
• Evidence-Based Health Promotion Program: Immunization The purpose of this presentation is to inform about the question of immunization in detail while accentuating evidence-based effects of vaccination on children and adolescents.
• Health and Wellness Promotion in Queens Village: Community Educational Program This presentation will describe the Queens Village community, its health needs, and design the educational proposal.
• Cardiovascular Diseases and Health Promotion in Women The article notes that women are at higher risks of developing this condition due to misdiagnosis and lack of specialized care and treatment procedure and very few manage to get guideline-based preventive and treatment services.
• Research Methods in Health Promotion Therefore, it is vital that the data collection instruments are valid and relevant so as to ensure validity in the health promotion research study.
• Sonagachi Project: The Health Promotion Program The union fights for the sex workers to hold the leadership of their projects for the benefit of the locals. Additionally, the sex workers are the occupants of administrative and decision making roles in the […]
• Health Promotion: “Jeans for Genes” The principle of the CMRI is that medical research is central in prevention of future congenital disorders and treatment of current conditions in order to improve the lives of children and future generations.
• Continuous Quality Improvement and Risk Management in Health Promotion S history as an example, CQI according to American Medical Association study in 1910, found the need to improve hospital conditions and follow up on patients to assess service delivery. By 1966, the focus had […]
• Exercise and Health Promotion: Chandler Fitness Center I came to recognize that the objectives and the philosophy of the facility were to change people’s lives through fitness enhancement.
• Health Promotion Weight Loss: How to Change People Behaviors and How to Keep Them Motivated to Lose Weight For example, when advising people on losing weight one should try to talk to them to get to details about their eating habits and whether they know how risky those are habits to their lives.
• Identification of a Goal for Health Promotion The main goal of this health promotion project is to identify the problems that may bother people nowadays and to clarify the ways of how medical workers and nurses can participate in the solution of […]
• Health Promotion for Older Adults in America To learn and adopt different forms of physical activity appropriate for older adults To motivate older adults to create small teams in their neighborhoods to participate in different forms of physical activity within the community […]
• Elderly Health Promotion Intervention Plan Extensive research conducted over four decades haS underlined the role of regular physical activity in the elderly as the most important aspect that contributes to the well-being of the population that ages.
• Health Promotion in the Adults Aged 65 and Older The social determinants of health and a sustained healthy lifestyle can have long-term effects, and the cost of care for that impact in the older population should not be a burden to the society as […]
• Health Promotion: Life Course Theory Life Course Theory implements to the concept of health promotion for the aging population and the population with reduced physical activity in multiple terrains.
• Health Promotion and Smoking Cessation I will also complete a wide range of activities in an attempt to support the agency’s goals. As well, new studies will be conducted in order to support the proposed programs.
• Reflection Journal. Health Promotions Health Fair It was my privilege to realize that most parents knew the benefits of good nutrition and exercise to their kids between the age of three and six years.
• Nursing: Health Promotion Overview The following actions of a nurse can promote the state of a patient with diabetes. Finally, the nurse should include and involve the patient’s family into the process: it is obvious, that the closest people […]
• Nursing Health Interventions for Health Promotion The custom may bear a witness to the high cultural and spiritual development of the related members. The practical implementation characteristics of family traditions and routines are the tools of health promotion.
• Health Promotion: Competency Framework A competency framework that is deployed in the health care sector incorporates nine competencies that are important in guiding the provision of health care and the healthcare promotion practice.
• Cholesterol Screening Program and Health Promotion The role of the health sector in the cholesterol-screening program is to conduct extensive research on the prevalence of the condition in addition to educating on its effects and ways of alleviation.
• Health Promotion and Challenges Faced by Women Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus affects the health outcomes of many women in the world. I have also identified several practices that can improve the health outcomes of many women with T2DM.
• Health Promotion on Hypertension Amongst African Americans For instance, in this case where health promotion is aimed to inform people on the importance of managing their blood pressure, the messages that support these people may encourage the African Americans to seek medical […]
• A Model for Implementing Health Promotion Programs in Communities The Community Health Improvement Plan proposed in the community as the program to address the issue of obesity should be discussed in the context of the MAP-IT framework and with references to the planning and […]
• Analysis of the Current Health Promotion Pamphlet According to the SMOG tool, the discussed pamphlet is of the average readability level, and the required reading levels are correlated with the 7th and 8th grades.
• Health Promotion Activity to Prevent Obesity The data collected in the triage units at the hospital indicate a persistent increase in the average weight of patients who come to the hospital.
• Scientific Writing: Effectiveness of Health Promotion Programs Under the “Healthy People 2010” In this case, the purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the programs under the “Healthy People 2010” initiative.
• Health Promotion: Empowerment Strategies Community empowerment develops from individual to group, and embodies the objective to trigger social and political transformation in support of the community that embarks on the course.
• Water for Environmental Health and Promotion The recognition of the effect of the epidemiological triangle is quite crucial, as people ought to realize the interrelationship of the host, environment and agent in the process of spreading diseases and the effect that […]
• Community Health Promotion: The Fight Against Diabetes in a Community Setting Applying principles of community-based health promotion it is important to focus on Type 2 diabetes and the people that are prone to acquiring this medical condition.
• Community-Based Health Promotion Project The main goal of this paper is therefore to propose the implementation of a health promotion program for the adolescents in New Jersey as part of the community-based project. The health promotion program to be […]
• Family Health Assessment: Health Promotion Strategy This system is referred to as the Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns and it’s a very comprehensive approach of collecting information from a patient so that nurses and doctors can use the information for diagnosis of […]
• School Campus Service: Wellness and Health Promotion Majority of the campuses in the United States try to offer the best services to their workers and students. The funds are always enough for the performance of the agency to provide the best health […]
• A Needs Assessment in Health Promotion The VMOSA model will be chosen as the framework for strategic planning, in which the objects are community-oriented, with the mission and the vision being identified through the course of the assessment.
• Settings for Oral Health Promotion Action in Nursing Homes in Sydling Health promotion offers the potential to tackle the underlining determinants of oral health thereby improve the oral health of this section in society. Assessing the oral health needs is an essential step in developing effective […]
• Use of Precede Model for Reviewing a Global Health Promotion Program The program under review will enter the PRECEDE model at phase one as it involves determination of the social problems, the needs, and thus the quality of life of the individuals in need of developing […]
• Health Promotion Program by the World Health Organization The name of the program is Bangkok program for Health Promotion in a Globalized World, in accordance with the Bangkok treaty, on the basis of which the program was initiated.
• Health Promotion Program: Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Decrease Around the world cardiovascular disease happens to be the leading cause of death, and among the major causes of disability and diminished productivity in adults.
• Promotion of Cardiovascular Health and Cancer Prevention The purpose of this presentation is to review recommendations of the NAS Global Report 2017 for cancer and cardiovascular diseases prevention, analyze the current international healthcare policies, and define the reasons for their implementation.
• Implementing and Evaluating Prevention and Health Promotion Activities That is why it is necessary to develop suitable health promotion activities that will improve public health and limit the spread of the condition under analysis. In addition to that, the given framework is suitable […]
• Health Promotion Program Evaluation In this paper, the evaluation of a health education program for high-risk groups will be described and explained to identify the main benefits of the idea, to choose appropriate methods of evaluation, and to clarify […]
• Health Education and Health Promotion The website that belongs to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides a lot of relevant information that can be used by healthcare professionals, researchers, educators, and students. The CDC website provides health educators […]
• Involving the Community in Health Promotion Program To implement the program, it will be necessary to investigate the current condition of the community to be able to understand the lifestyles of the population.
• The Happy Older Latinos Are Active: Health Promotion Program HOLA is the health promotion program which was developed for old Latinos with the purpose of prevention their mental disorders, including anxiety and depression.
• Health Promotion Theories: An Ecological Approach Low access to healthcare, on the other hand, is a social environmental factor that can also affect the health of the population.
• Health Promotion and Obesity Prevention The study conducted by Lovasi, Neckerman, Quinn, Weiss, and Rundle focuses on the effects of the walkability of the neighborhood and its influence on the condition of the population.
• School-Based Nutrition Health Promotion Program This was based on the fact that, healthy eating habits in both children and adolescents had increasingly been noted to have deteriorated over the years hence the need to promote the health, growth and intellectual […]
• Community Health Promotion for Aged People in Warren The major purpose of the community health promotion is to make identification of the constructs of the planned behavior theory, which has the inclusion of behavioral beliefs, control beliefs based on an individual’s perception, and […]
• Health Promotion Program Tactics Policy, regulatory and environmental actions will help the implementation of the health promotion program more effectively. It will help in creating a good surrounding for health promotion programs thereby promote the effectiveness of their implementation.
• Theories of Aging and Health Promotion With the reduced rate of fertility, and the survival of a higher fraction of individuals up to older ages, the average figure of the individuals of or above the age of sixty-five years, “has been […]
• Improving Health. Strategies for Effective Health Promotion. Health promotion is defined as “the art of science of motivating people to enhance their lifestyle to achieve complete health, not just the absence of disease” through a combination of strategies to increase awareness, facilitate […]
• Review: “Leadership in Workplace Health Promotion Projects” by Delve and Colleagues The research involved a comprehensive analysis of the attendance of employees in correlation to the leadership characteristics of their leader at the workplace.
• Concepts of Health Promotion in Australia This should lead to changes in attitude and also organisation in health services, which make a new focus on the whole requirements of an individual as a complete person.
• A Study of the Health Promotion Needs in Organisation or Community Community-based Intervention in the context of health is a vital concern often ignored in most organizations and even hospitals, which hold the notion of health promotion.
• Lack of Health Promotion Issue Analysis Social ecology includes the hub of the suppositions of human health and the progression of useful strategies to enhance personal and combined welfare.
• Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Initiatives Healthy People initiative sets 10-year country-wide objectives for enhancing the health of all Americans and to address the current challenges in public health and provide support on various matters in the context of health issues.
• Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Laws The Jakarta Declaration was the document that influenced the reorganization of activities based on the transition from health prevention to promotion.
• Health Promotion in American and Alaskan Natives Due to some disparities linked to populations’ economic status, access to resources, and other factors, specific approaches to health promotion are needed to encourage the well-being of minorities.
• Healthy People 2020: Health Promotion Strategies The evidence-Based Resources database available on the Healthy People official site provides a wide range of materials derived from surveys and researches conducted in the sphere of health care since 2000.
• Partnering with Communities in Health Promotion The project launched under the title of “A Place to Call Home” revolved around the issues of homelessness and housing insecurity.
• National Health Promotion Program Analysis The development and implementation of national health promotion programs can be seen as one of the ways to achieve these goals.
• Diabetes and Health Promotion Concepts The list of determinants and their relation to the disease is as follows: Income and social status: Treatment of diabetes requires time and money to treat properly.
• Mobile Health Promotion Unit Project Goals and objectives for the present project are closely connected to the distinctive characteristics of the MHPU.”Hearty Bus” is a non-profit endeavor that needs significant initial investments to buy the vehicle, furnish it with necessary […]
• Developing Leadership for Health Promotion The main goal of public health practitioners is to promote the health and wellbeing of individuals and communities. As for Leadership in public health, Moodie defines it as maximizing personal potential, as well as the […]
• Health Promotion Among Aboriginal Australians Based on the causes of illicit substance usage among Aboriginal Australians, the social norms theory is the best-suited behaviour change theory to be used in the intervention protocol.
• The Necessity of Health Promotion During Pregnancy It is vital to provide examples of adverse outcomes related to drinking to help patients understand the threat that alcohol may pose.
• Health Promotion and Nutrition During Pregnancy The leaflet also states that fat is a crucial part of the diet for pregnant women and that its increase is not a negative sign.
• Role of Theory in Health Promotion In order to support the health goals of the targeted people, practitioners, social workers, and clinicians can embrace the use of an effective theory.
• Mobile Health Promotion Unit “Hearty Bus” The proposed name of the MHPU is “Hearty Bus” due to the central features of the vehicle. In short, CPI is expected to become valuable metrics for controlling the performance of “Hearty Bus”.
• RN’s Role in Health Promotion and Patient Outcomes Once the needs are identified, the nurse’s role shifts to monitoring the state of the patient and adjusting the amount of dependent-care or self-care agency.
• Medications and Physical Health Promotion in Psychiatric Nursing However, she continues to engage with treatment and is seen to be more active in her communication with friends and family. In this case, it is expected to help YW with nightmares.
• Doctors Education: Health Promotion and Preventive Care The fourth role that can minimize health risks and improve the quality of care is continued evaluation of patients’ needs. Physicians should therefore use their competencies and resources to support the wellness of their colleagues.
• Mental Health Promotion and Effective Interventions In their article “The Evidence of Effective Interventions for Mental Health Promotion,” Clemens Hosman and Eva Jane-Llopis state that to prove the effectiveness of the programs contributing to mental health, it is necessary to refer […]
• Personal Career in Health Promotion She is a professional in the field of health promotion. In addition to community health, the organization is engaged in policy and research.
• Public Health Promotion: Female Genital Mutilation Socialisation of sexuality is manifested in the assimilation of sexual and social norms, a culture conditioned by sexual education and, the development of attitudes, the kinetics and postures of sexual intercourse and the development of […]
• Sex Workers’ Health Promotion Program The fact that the nature of issues associated with sexual health is very sensitive also prevents the broad discussion of the issue and the identification of viable solutions.
• Health Promotion: Motivation and Skills for Changes For provider interventions, the key goals are to enhance screening levels and improve their knowledge of strategies to motivate and educate patients to enhance their lifestyle.
• Youth Suicide Prevention: Health Promotion Plan In this paper, a proposed mental health initiative to meet the challenges of at-risk youth is discussed using the PDSA model and related evidence-based strategies based on IHI indicators included. Access to the program will […]
• Health Promotion: Depression Awareness in Teenagers In addition to community sensitization and promoting the expression of melancholic emotions by adolescents, the DAP program will include depression screening days in schools.
• Population Health Promotion in Spartanburg The status of the public health of Spartanburg County is determined by a range of factors. In particular, the Road to Better Health coalition is one of the most prominent of them.
• Australian Health Promotion Program’ Evaluation The sustainability of the programs designed to promote health in society depends on the feasibility of the holistic approaches used by the government and the private institutions.
• Pender’s Health Promotion Model Application The model will be of great significance to nursing practice and the public at large. Consequently, one can conclude that a patient can be influenced to help in the prevention of diseases.
• The Relationships Between Public Health and Health Promotion The primary objective of this paper is to evaluate how the society has responded to the issue of mental disorders and mental health.
• Health Promotion Initiative for Young Families The main objective of this health promotion initiative is to promote healthy lifestyle with the aim of reducing high cases obesity, overweight and other chronic diseases among children and young adults through healthy diets and […]
• Health Promotion Program HIV/AIDS in Kenya Studies have established that married couples and other people in more stable relationships have contributed to the highest number of new HIV/AIDS infection in Kenya.
• Health Promotion Program in Kenya The spread of the disease was noted by Wachira, Naanyu, Genberg, Koech, Akinyi, Kamene, and Braitstein as being the direct result of a lack of sufficient education regarding the spread of HIV and other STDs […]
• Public Health Promotion Program Evaluation This category of questions helps to understand how the process may influence the outcomes of the program and define who or what undergo the most considerable changes during the process under consideration.
• Health Evaluation Plan for the ARTreach Health Promotion Program Evaluation Goals and Objectives The major objective of evaluating the project is to establish the effectiveness of ARTReach project in empowering women, who are the marginalised in the community.
• STD/HIV Health Promotion Evaluation Plan Process evaluation will emphasize on quality and suitability of the interventions and approaches of the program. A critical aspect of process evaluation will be to determine and track the areach’ of the program.
• Pricing and Promotional Strategies in Health Facilities Penetration Pricing The model advocates for a pricing method where an organisation sets its prices at a low rate than that offered by the competitor; the aim of the approach is attack a large mass […]
• Important Initiatives in the Promotion of Public Health In addition, the task force recognised the importance of enhancing access to healthy foods in the country. Today, the initiative is one of the most comprehensive and well-funded programs that are effectively addressing the age […]
• The Question of Abortion and the Women’s Health Promotion
• Abstinence, Condom, and Health Promotion Related
• Workplace Health Promotion for Improved Employee Well-Being and Organizational Behavior
• Adolescent Health Promotion and Disease Treatment
• Advocating for Health Promotion Policy in Norway: Role of the County Municipalities
• African American Women, HIV, and Health Promotion
• Analyzing Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
• Antismoking Approaches and Using Beattie’s 4 Quadrants Health Promotion Model
• Applying the Health Promotion Model and Theory of Reasoned Action
• Assessing, Planning, Implementing, and Evaluating a Health Promotion Activity
• Association Between Attitudes Toward Health Promotion and Opinions Regarding Organ Transplants
• Assets for Policy Making in Health Promotion
• Clinical Family Health Promotion Outcomes Analysis
• Coaches’ Health Promotion Activity and Substance Use in Youth Sports
• Corporate Characteristics and Worksite Health Promotion Programs
• How the Health Promotion Initiative Reflects the Recommendations of the Ottawa Charter
• Depressive Symptoms and Health Promotion Behaviors
• Domestic Violence and Health Promotion for Mildura
• Early School Health Promotion Programs on Childhood Obesity
• Effective Health Promotion and Prevention of Chlamydia
• Evaluating Complex Community-Based Health Promotion: Addressing the Challenges
• Examining Health Promotion and Nutritional Education Combat Ailments
• Evidence-Based Interventions for Health Promotion and Prevention
• Exploring and Applying the Theories of Health and Health Promotion
• Factors Associated With the Implementation of Community-Based Peer-Led Health Promotion Programs
• Exploring Health Promotion Prevention Levels
• Factors Influencing Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Concerning Health Education
• Family Assessment and Health Promotion Intervention Concerning Stress Overload
• Fitness and Health Promotion in the United States
• ‘Holistic Health’ and Its Application in Health Promotion
• Analysis of Oral Health Promotion in Australia
• Health Promotion Among Asian American People
• Importance of Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations
• Improving Health Promotion Using Quality Improvement Techniques in Australian Indigenous Primary Health Care
• Health Promotion Among Hispanics and Latino
• Integrating Public Health and Health Promotion Practice in the Medical Curriculum
• Health Promotion and Its Effects on the Wellbeing
• Mass Media and Health Promotion in Indian Villages
• Health Promotion and Its Necessity for Nursing Specialty of Maternity
• Mental Health Promotion Amongst Healthcare Professionals
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171 Health Promotion Topics

This compilation of health promotion research topics explores the multifaceted world of health and well-being. Health promotion encompasses strategies, interventions, and policies that empower individuals to make positive lifestyle choices. Study the innovative health promotion approaches in nursing and discover the global health challenges!

👨‍⚕️ 7 Health Promotion Topics

🏆 best health promotion research topics, 💉 health promotion topics nursing, 👍 examples of health promotion topics, 🌶️ health promotion project ideas, 🎓 interesting health promotion topics.

• Analysis of Health Promotion Theories
• Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model
• Importance of Theory in Health Promotion
• Health Promotion Proposal Obesity Prevention
• The Purpose of Health Promotion
• Health Promotion for Obesity in Adults
• Community Health Promotion as a Nurse’s Role
• Childhood Obesity and Health Promotion Today, childhood obesity is one of the critical health concerns. Being an important factor impacting the future of the nation, children`s health should be cultivated.
• Smoking and Health Promotion in the UK In the following paper, issues of health promotion and smoking, in particular, will be evaluated and analysed on the basis of facts from the United Kingdom.
• Nola J. Pender’s Health Promotion Model in Nursing To understand how the Health Promotion Model has influenced the practice of the advanced practice nurse, firstly, it is important to describe the essence of this model.
• Health Promotion in School Health Center The purpose of education activities is to inform the audience about healthy lifestyles and address the social issues affecting their well-being and health.
• Health Promotion Strategies for Obesity The paper outlines and critically analyses the population based strategy as a method of managing and preventing obesity used in United Kingdom.
• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Health Promotion Plan This paper aims at developing a health promotion plan that investigates SIDS and related best health improvement practices.
• Application of Pender’s Health Promotion Model Pender’s model can influence the physiological condition of the aging population due to the implementation of new behavioral patterns.
• Nurse’s Role in Health Promotion The paper describes that nurses should give the necessary recommendations considering age, physical development, and belonging to a particular culture.
• The Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender This essay examines the health promotion model by Nola Pender with a view of providing the guiding propositions and their application in modern care institutions.
• Diabetes Type 2 Treatment and Health Promotion The purpose of this paper is to develop evidence-based management and a plan for a patient with diabetes type 2 and describe health promotion and possible follow-up.
• Typhoid Fever: Health Promotion Pamphlet Parents /guardian should pay close attention on their children especially in monitoring the kind of food and water that they take.
• Design and Health Promotion Program for Someone to Quit Smoking The paper will present a smoking intervention program that combines medical and psychological solutions that address all the aspects of smoking addiction.
• Overview of Health Promotion This paper describes different types of models that represent health issues and its distribution and contains evaluation of health promotion.
• Self-Care Health Promotion This paper will discuss the importance of self-care within the medical profession as well as introduces a personal health plan on the basis of behavior and habit assessment.
• Health Promotion and Ethical Considerations Sometimes a nurse might wish to manipulate a patient’s fears to achieve the goal. However, it is not appropriate to use manipulation, even for the benefit of a patient.
• Public Health Promotion in Everyday Life One of the most common examples of public health promotion in daily life is the use of various types of educational signage, such as posters and labels.
• The Importance of Value-Based Care in Health Promotion The foundational principle of the value-based care approach is the focus on the quality of medical care provided in healthcare organizations rather than its volume.
• Public Health Promotion: World Health Organization The paper discusses the role of the World Health Organization’s mission and vision in promoting health, and factors that assist and hinder the organization’s progress.
• Aesthetic Approach to Health Promotion Intervention This paper aims to discuss the impact of cancer on psychology, identify the primary stressors of the condition, and propose an aesthetic intervention framework.
• Nurses’ Role in Health Promotion: Systematic Review The role of nurses in health promotion has been increasing over the years, and some of the interventions are viewed as incredibly efficient.
• Health Promotion Theory for Chronic Kidney Disease Effective prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD), clearly, requires different approaches to lessen the number of deaths in the world.
• Health Promotion Model: The Lifestyle Change Project This paper will present the assessment of one family (a 44-year-old male, divorced but living with his six-year-old son) relative to the Health Promotion Model.
• Health Promotion Among Hispanic-Latino Population This paper aims to review the health status of the Hispanic/Latino population and discuss the best health promotion methods for this segment.
• Motivational Axiom, Health Behavior and Promotion The purpose of this paper is to discuss motivational axioms and health behavior theories that apply to the health promotion project.
• Health Promotion and Disease Prevention The research of the work is focused on finding the roots of the development of common adult diseases and addressing these roots at the early stages.
• Health Promotion in the Preschoolers The study targets, eating and activity habits that are linked to inappropriate weight gain, formed in early childhood.
• Health Promotion to Reduce Lung Cancer: Grant Proposal Template The project aims to reduce the rate of lung cancer infection and deaths among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in South Australia.
• Health Promotion Among HIV, AIDS Patients The paper Healthy People 2020 points out the intervention measures against HIV/AIDS among young people in the United States.
• The Role of Nurses in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention.
• Promoting Healthy Lifestyles: Strategies for Encouraging Physical Activity.
• Nutrition Education for Patients: Improving Dietary Choices.
• Smoking Cessation Programs: Supporting Patients to Quit Smoking.
• Mental Health Promotion in Primary Care Settings.
• Implementing Immunization Campaigns for Disease Prevention.
• Promoting Sexual Health: Education and Safe Practices.
• Managing Chronic Conditions: Empowering Patients for Self-Care.
• Health Literacy: Enhancing Understanding for Better Health Outcomes.
• The Importance of Sleep in Health Promotion.
• Promoting Hand Hygiene to Reduce Infections in Healthcare Settings.
• Empowering Patients with Chronic Pain: Non-Pharmacological Approaches.
• Preventing Falls in the Elderly: Assessment and Interventions.
• Creating Healthy Work Environments for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals.
• Health Promotion for Pregnant Women: Prenatal Care and Education.
• Addressing Substance Abuse and Addiction: Support and Treatment.
• Promoting Cardiovascular Health: Managing Hypertension and Cholesterol.
• The Role of Nurses in Promoting Vaccination Awareness.
• Stress Management Techniques for Patients and Healthcare Workers.
• Health Promotion in Schools: Addressing Childhood Obesity.
• Promoting Infection Control Practices in Community Settings.
• Supporting Breastfeeding: Education and Encouragement.
• Integrating Mental Health Services in Primary Care for Better Access.
• Preventive Screenings and Early Detection: Empowering Patients to Act.
• Health Promotion for Aging Populations: Enhancing Quality of Life.
• Promoting Awareness of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).
• Promoting Cultural Competence in Healthcare: Addressing Diverse Needs.
• Using Technology for Patient Engagement in Health Promotion.
• Promoting Safety in Home Care Settings: Fall Prevention and Home Assessments.
• Community Health Promotion: Collaborating with Local Organizations.
• Health Promotion Role in Public Health The three levels of health promotion are sufficient in curbing and treating such severe conditions as, for instance, diabetes mellitus due to their preventive nature.
• Health Education and Health Promotion Revisited McCauley’s nursing tradition has been referred to as Careful Nursing, a method created in Ireland in the early 19th century and adopted by Irish nurses in the Crimean War.
• Health Promotion Strategies for Elderly People In the following assignment, articles on telemedicine, board games, mobile applications, and social media as health promotion strategies will be discussed.
• Health and Health Promotion Creating premises for improving public health and preventing health issues in community members are some of the core goals that a health expert must pursue.
• The Pender Health Promotion Model for Behavioral Change The central feature of this prevention model is that it emphasizes the proactive interventions people should adopt to avoid illness in general.
• Personal Health Promotion Plan: Better Eating Habits While there are various options for health promotion, the author has set himself a goal to improve nutrition and develop better eating habits.
• A Personal Health Promotion Plan As part of personal health promotional plan, the author aims to devote a minimum of 210 minutes to physical activities per week.
• Health Education and Promotion Implementing efforts to make healthier lifestyle choices can help populations significantly reduce the risks of poor health.
• Health Promotion Among Australian Aborigines with Respiratory Diseases The high prevalence rate of respiratory diseases among the Aborigines in Australia has prompted an urgency to carry out a need analysis for its causal factors.
• Promotion of Public Health: Improvement Strategies In health promotion, it is necessary to be able to amalgamate education both on health maintenance and preventative techniques.
• Health Promotion Project for Chronic Diabetic Kidney Disease The health promotion model designed and proposed by Nola Pender is one of the most effective nursing approaches in promoting health among communities.
• Evaluating the Importance of Community-Based Participatory Research in Health Promotion Processes The promotion of a healthy community is an ongoing concern that has assumed an international imperative for governments, policymakers, and practitioners.
• Health Promotion Concepts and Factors This paper discusses a range of health promotion theories and concepts, and discusses the most beneficial aspects and factors that influence health outcomes.
• Interprofessional Health Promotion Resources: Substance Abuse in Adults Available interventions, risks, and factors contributing to substance abuse in adults will be discussed in the present paper.
• Health Promotion and Three Levels of Prevention Health promotion is a basic refrain for nursing practice. It has been a major focus in the nursing practice in the recent decades due to its contribution to the nursing philosophy.
• Health Promotion: Benign Prostate Hypertrophy Benign Prostate Hypertrophy (BPH), a condition that causes the prostate gland to enlarge inducing urethral obstruction, urinary flow restrictions, and urinary retention.
• Health Promotion: Coronary Heart Disease Prevention Assessment of the clinical history of the patient shows that the patient had demonstrated an elevated blood pressure level five years back, which is under control with medication.
• Health Promotion in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders The health status of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders may be closer to the nation’s average than that of some other minority groups.
• Pender’s Health Promotion Models This essay will compare Pender’s health promotion model and the transtheoretical approach, then use the former in a theoretical scenario.
• Health Status and Promotion Among African Americans This paper not only looks into the current health status of African Americans, but also assesses issues of health promotion and health disparities as they relate to this group.
• Self-Care Health Promotion Plan Health promotion is one of the key elements of nursing care that necessitates the identification of illness prevention opportunities during the course of care provision.
• Asthma Patients’ Health Education and Promotion The purpose of this paper is to discuss the health education, health promotion information, and strategies that should be used when working with asthma patients.
• The Family Health Promotion Program’s Objectives The workshops offered by the health promotion program teach how to lead a healthy lifestyle while dealing with conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, and cancer.
• Health Promotion: Ms. Sally’s Case It will be better for Ms. Sally’s life satisfaction if she succeeds in maintaining her health and well-being and understands her problems and the value of caring for herself.
• Health Promotion Plan: How to Protect Babies? Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is a dangerous and undiagnosed phenomenon characterized by sudden death from respiratory arrest at less than one year of age.
• Health Education and Health Promotion Health education and promotion are highly crucial. They can connect the audience and sustain the link between professionals and the public.
• Good Health and Well-Being Promotion Initiatives The author is studying good health and well-being promotion initiatives because he wants to understand the scope of existing health issues and the existence of potential solutions.
• Community and Public Health Nurses Responsibilities in Health Promotion Public and community health nurses can significantly improve the well-being of society by assessing the situation, educating people, and providing them with tools for health care.
• Healthcare Promotion and Ethical Considerations This paper will discuss some of the ways in which healthcare professionals are able to address the problems introduced by the popularization of healthy living in society.
• Statistic for Public Health Promotion Interventions Statistics are relevant to the planning of health promotion interventions because they are paramount for identifying the groups that need such interventions in the first place.
• Health Promotion Program Based on the Healthy People 2020 Target Objectives The vision of the Healthy People 2020 program is to develop “societies whereby all people live long, healthy lives”.
• Health Disparities and Health Promotion in Vulnerable Populations Health disparities among the different populations pose great threat to the progress of all countries in spite of their constant effort to minimize them.
• High Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion Family violence has continuously been a health issue in the United States for a long time. According to Whyte, in every family, there is always the center of power.
• Health Promotion and Students’ Well-Being Critique Soler-Masó et al.’s article “Health promotion and students’ well-being in secondary schools in Catalonia” centers on the mental health of adolescents in schools.
• Hispanic or Latino Populations of the USA: Health Status and Promotion and Disease Prevention The socioeconomic factors play a particularly important role as a barrier to the health promotion of the group.
• Health Promotion: Reducing Tobacco Use by Adults The purpose of the project is to discuss various strategies for implementing health promotion programs such as the ‘You Can Quit Tobacco Use Program’.
• Cardiovascular Health Promotion in the United States Statistics show that the awareness of central causes of CV problems remains low, and broad populations, especially aged people, possess a poor understanding of the disease.
• Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Strategies for Access to Care A strategy to increase access to health care is to create more free community centers with programs focused on education and healthy lifestyles.
• Ethical Health Promotion-Related Issue Most new HIV-positive patients prefer to maintain their status confidential, which raises an ethical concern regarding the protection of the well-being of the people at risk.
• Urban-Rural Differences in Medicare Health Promotion The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of a multi-component health promotion and disease self-management intervention on physical function, etc.
• Health Promotion to Meet the Identified Health Need Hughes (1999) has offered ten strong reasons why social workers should be included in the behavioral health plan for community support.
• The Project of Health Promotion Health Promotion Game aims to increase the awareness of adolescents and young adults on depression as a mental illness and encourage early diagnosis.
• Parish Nursing: Health Promotion Parish nursing in faith-based communities is a relatively new practice that has gained popularity rapidly. It is a powerful tool with the purpose of health promotion.
• Community-Based Health Promotion: Anytown Community There is the paramount need to promote healthy eating habits and physical activity among residents of the Anytown community as described in the preceding discussions.
• Adult Nursing Theories, Practice and Health Promotion This paper describes some of the tools that promote good healthcare in the UK: fitness, healthy eating, lifestyle checks, and sexual health tools among others.
• HIV in Adolescent Population: Healthy Promotion Intervention Plan The intervention program is about the distribution of leaflets for adolescents with HIV as well as other representatives of society.
• Promotion of Quality Healthcare Services Through Public Laws The analysis will focus on the healthcare laws that exist and how they contribute towards the realization and promotion of quality healthcare services in the country.
• Health Promotion and Community Resource Teaching Many resources can be used for educational activities for the population. They are provided by organizations that want to help prevent cardiovascular disease.
• Empowerment Measures in Health Promotion Personal orientation of health promotion aims to reach every single person with information on how to monitor and improve his or her health conditions.
• Analysis of Current MRSA Health Promotion Pamphlet Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterial strain that is resistant to beta-lactam antibiotic penicillin.
• Health Promotion: Community, Nation, and the World The purpose of this paper is to describe the health promotion that is studied at the community, national, and global levels.
• Fall Prevention and Health Promotion Plan This paper discusses fall prevention and practices for health improvement and individuals/groups that might benefit from the education session.
• Health Promotion: What Are Energy Therapies? The purpose of this article is to review several energy therapy methods used in surgery and other health care areas.
• Chronic Disease: Occupational Health Promotion Interventions for Individuals at Risk Coal mining workers are exposed to numerous health threats due to their exposure to adverse substances at work and the lifestyle they lead associated with their occupation.
• Nutrition Education and Public Health Promotion To improve people’s health, governments may embark on a powerful leadership position aimed at developing literacy promotion strategies and ensuring sustained financing.
• Health Promotion Plan: Infant and Older Adults The health of the patients is of first and foremost importance to any health promotion campaign, and the campaigners do not forget that for a single moment.
• Health Promotion: Disease Control and Prevention Much attention from healthcare providers and healthcare agencies is dedicated to the problems of obesity. Still, not many professionals discuss the risk of being overweight.
• Health Promotion in American Indians and Alaska Natives Minority This paper will study a minority of Native Americans and Alaska Natives to identify major health problems and barriers and find ways of health prevention.
• A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Evaluation of a Universal Healthy Relationships Promotion Program for Youth This essay will discuss and analyze a research article describing a small group program focused on preventing bullying and decreasing substance abuse among adolescents.
• Health Literacy and the Role of Healthcare Providers in Its Promotion Health literacy is a well-recognized asset across the globe as an effective evidence-based strategy for improving health outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
• Health Promotion Using Healthcare Informatics Social media platforms could be used efficiently by care providers to design and implement projects that elevate the level of health literacy among older adults.
• Health Promotion Program in South Carolina In South Carolina, the top five leading causes of death are heart disease, malignant neoplasms, cerebrovascular issues, unintentional injury, and chronic lower respiratory disease.
• Health Promotion Role in Reducing Health Insurance Costs Health promotion is crucial as it ensures that people understand the risks of their lifestyle and the know-how to avoid them.
• Intervention and Health Promotion Plan for Hispanic and Latino Community Such primary health problems of young Hispanics as STDs, HIV, heart diseases, and cancer are imposed by excessive alcohol consumption as a moderator of acculturative stress.
• Older Adult Population: Community Health Promotion The paper analyzes the older adult population, their main demographic characteristics, mortality and morbidity risk factors, and effective plans for promoting health.
• Health Promotion for Indians and Alaskan Natives American Indians and Alaskan Natives had to withstand the immense pressure from the majority populations that have compromised their culture, lifeways, health and wellness.
• Technology Creates Health Promotion Opportunities The major purpose of this brief is to inform my colleagues about the potential of technology to create health promotion opportunities.
• Informatics in Health Promotion Programs The issue of childhood obesity is particularly relevant since the emergence of excess weight at an early age is fraught with serious diseases in the future.
• Ethnic Minorities’ Health Disparities and Promotion Ethnicity is a complex and sensitive subject that requires greater attention in the sphere of healthcare when trying to achieve health equality for the entire population.
• Secondhand Smoking: Environmental Health Promotion Smoking remains a significant environmental problem that affects many people. Secondhand smoking can also be a dangerous issue because of the pernicious impact of tobacco.
• Family-Centered Health Assessment and Promotion Family-centered care is a medical practice aimed at helping all the members of the same family, which is often the case when several problems manifest themselves.
• Health Promotion in Minority Populations The paper discusses the major health concerns African Americans face and the most appropriate care plan that can address their needs.
• Tobacco Free Florida and Health Promotion An anti-tobacco organization, Tobacco Free Florida launches health education programs and helps citizens quit smoking.
• Health Promotion in Latin American Immigrants To help Latin American immigrants improve their health situation, it is essential to select an intervention plan for a reduction in the number of strokes and other issues.
• Health Promotion in Native Hawaiian Population Health promotion is an approach that aims to enable people to control their health and its social determinants.
• Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations: Downtown Miami Downtown Miami is positioned around the Central Business District (CBD) of Miami. The history of Downtown Miami is not very long, but it is rather interesting.
• Health Promotion Among African Americans The present paper offers the analysis of health problems faced by African Americans and suggests health promotion approaches to reduce the risks.
• Nursing Guides Theories: Nola J. Pender’s Health Promotion Model and Parse’s Theoretical Perspective The development of Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s theoretical perspective has helped to frame nursing knowledge. Nursing is human art and science that uses evidence-based knowledge.
• Health Promotion Among Latino Population in the US The health status of different population groups largely depends on their cultural and socio-economic factors, including values, beliefs, and attitudes to health care practices.
• Pender’s Health Promotion Model and Social Behavior The paper reviews “The effect of a multi-strategy program on developing social behaviors based on Pender’s health promotion model to prevent loneliness.”
• Health Disparity and Promotion in Afro-Americans The purpose of this paper is to identify the current health status of African-Americans as a minority group, identify factors that improve or mitigate the promotion of healthcare.
• Health Promotion by Nursing Professionals Health promotion has been a major priority for healthcare providers for several decades, but many nursing professionals still fail to understand their role in this process.
• Social Media Categories for Public Health Promotion This paper discusses social media categories, singles out popular and cutting-edge tools, and outlines how these tools might be used for the issue of community health.
• Diseases and Health Promotion in African Americans African Americans tend to be faced with certain adverse health conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, HIV, and stroke, more often than White individuals.
• Effective Health Promotion Plan Importance Medical professionals should use their competencies to empower people to control health outcomes. They can achieve the objective by implementing powerful environmental, health.
• Health Services Access and Health Promotion The nature of the health promotion problem revolves around the inability of many citizens in the United States to receive quality medical care.
• Popular Health Concerns, Awareness, and Promotion Nurses can engage in health promotion practices, giving and organizing free lectures for the target audiences, creating brochures with beneficial notes, and so on.
• Health Promotion and Diverse Populations Health status of the population belongs to the number of the most important factors defining the quality of life of the humanity.
• Aging and Health Promotion Biological theories explain aging either by a programmed switching of different phases in the development of the body or by the damage inflicted by the environments.
• Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations Statistical data on the health level of different social and ethical groups shows certain harmful tendencies and inequality.
• Health Promotion Among Hispanic Population Hispanic Americans are still an underprivileged group that has limited access to healthcare services. The major health issues are related to healthy lifestyle.
• “Let’s Move” Program for Healthy Lifestyle Promotion The introduction of a nationally coordinated program “Let’s Move” was a significant step forward in the government’s attempts to fight obesity and cardiovascular problems.
• Nursing Theory’s Role in Health Promotion A nursing theory acquires the top priority as one of the ways to improve the comprehension of current processes in the healthcare sphere
• Health Promotion Model and Human Becoming Theory The health promotion model (HPM) developed by Pender in 1990. The theory of human becoming was developed by Parse in 1981.
• Environmental Health Promotion in Nursing In the 21st century, the issues of environmental health and the health effects of environmental climate change became a pressing matter for the international health community.
• Health Promotion and Autonomy-Based Ethical Concerns Health promotion initiatives are associated with ethical concerns that affect their implementation and effectiveness.
• Pender’s Health Promotion Model and Parse’s Theory The purpose of this paper is to investigate Nola J. Pender’s Health Promotion Model and Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s Human Becoming Theory.
• Healthy Lifestyle Promotion and Its Evaluation The main purpose of this project is to assess the importance of the promotion of healthy lifestyles by nursing professionals via educational programs for patients.
• Nursing Health Promotion and Its Importance Health promotion is one of the concepts that must be more explicitly defined for nursing due to its frequent use and the development of different health care trends.
• Health Promotion Among Hispanic Minority Group The following paper addresses the issue of health disparities of the Hispanic minority group through health promotion.
• Nursing and Health Promotion in Family Pediatrics The modern approach to the delivery of nursing care is focused on the significant improvement of people`s quality of life and the environment in which they live
• Health Promotion: Health Insurance Costs Reducing Health promotion is targeted towards increasing the control over the health of the target audiences as well as the improvement of their health.
• Health Promotion Role and Practice Health promotion is able to enhance the health status of the nation, improve the quality of life and reduce the costs needed for medical treatment.
• Health Promotion: Scrutiny and Practical Implementation Health Promotion is crucial for increasing the overall health levels of the population, and for helping to improve patient outcomes and decrease health insurance costs.
• The MEDRAD Healthcare Facility Quality Promotion As the case study set in the MEDRAD healthcare facility shows, there is a significant gap between different quality provision tools.
• Nutrition and Weight Status: Health Promotion Plan This health promotion plan addresses the issue of nutrition and weight status and increases the public understanding of the problem and possible consequences for the life.

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• Healthcare and Nursing

Technology in Health Promotion

28 Jun 2022

Format: APA

Academic level: Master’s

Paper type: Critical Thinking

Words: 1642

Downloads: 0

Domestic violence has attracted debate from various scholars in society. Different approaches are used in defining domestic violence. Some are general, whereas others are mainly gender centered. Brassiolo (2016) defines the concept as any abuse that emanates from either spouse or component of domestic setting leading to infliction of psychological or physical pain. Domestic abuse can be perpetrated through violence or harassment among people living together. According to the United States Centers for Disease Control, in every four women, one has experienced domestic violence ( Curry et al., 2018). Similarly, one in every seven men been affected by domestic violence ( Curry et al., 2018) . Through such information, one realizes that cases of domestic violence cut across different genders. The paper will focus on domestic violence based on how factors such as gender, socio-economic backgrounds, and geographical areas contribute to family violence, influence, and its analysis. 

Domestic violence is a challenge affecting families from different classes and geographical regions. However, as outlined by Glenn & Goodman (2015), the rate of domestic violence is high among the poor and geographical areas characterized by low-income as compared to families from developed nations. People who reside in rural and remote areas experience cases of domestic violence as a result of issues related to social and cultural norms. Serrata et al. (2017) argue that relatively high domestic violence cases in rural areas are associated with a poor understanding of domestic violence concerning health, legal and social services. Disclosing domestic violence among rural dwellers is rare compared to urban settings. According to the National Rural Crime Network in the US, 25% of domestic violence is experienced in rural areas ( Brassiolo, 2016 ). Cattaneo & Goodman (2015) point out that the high rate of domestic violence in remote parts is attributed to the indigenous population. Social norms and structure deter women from disclosing family violence or seek support after experiencing abuse. Lack of suitable and fair justice-based response prevents accountability on the perpetrator, who most often have community protection. As such, the affected parties do not receive support from the community. Thus, resorting to silence, which leads to an increase in cases of domestic violence. 

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On socio-economic background, different forms of violence are associated with women from developing societies. Cannon et al. (2016) argue that 87 % of women from poor societies are victims of physical and verbal abuse compared to 42% of their counterparts from developed communities. Despite that, the study established that intellectual and emotional violence was similar in both developing and developed setting. Socio-economic perspective contributes to violence against women based on male authority, applying force in resolving conflicts and restrictions associated with divorce. In areas experiencing low socio-economic issues, 3% of domestic violence is related to dowry payments ( Serrata et al., 2017). The predictors of family disputes related to socio-economic as outlined by Cattaneo & Goodman (2015) are thus associated with a lack of empowerment among women 

Goodman et al. (2015) argue that women are the most affected gender when it comes to domestic violence. The main reason is associated with cultural norms that dictate on aggressive, dominant, and controlling nature of men. The belief that women are docile and subservient to men has also led to increased domestic violence cases. For example, based on Charles Darwin's theory of sexual selection, male aggressiveness for sex in women leads to violence due to their desire for sex, while women retaliation against sex causes a further escalation in violence ( Serrata et al., 2017). Female aggressiveness results from the need to be supplied with basic needs. According to Social Work Abstract and PsychInfo , domestic violence cases have been overlooked over the decades due to victims' silence since the perpetrators of domestic violence provide basic needs. In the US, 20,000 cases of domestic violence are reported every 20 minutes among women (Cannon et al., 2016) . The cases of violence are result from constraints in finances for family upkeep, thus causing increased tension at the family level. The highest number of gender-based violence is evident among middle-aged adults. Lloyd et al. (2017) reiterate that females are the main perpetrators of domestic violence; however, they are the most affected as compared to men. Nevertheless, Glenn & Goodman (2015) refutes the claim by highlighting that the information in most databases relating to gender violence does not depict the actual number of cases among men. Glenn & Goodman (2015) further reiterates that men experience various forms of violence; however, due to fear of humiliation and intimidation, they fail to report or share their experiences. 

Goodman et al. (2015) argue that two in every three women, regardless of educational level, age, or class, experience physical, sexual, or psychological violence. Globally, abusive language is the main form of domestic violence, followed by wife-beating at 63% and 51%, respectively ( Ruddle et al., 2017). The findings from various scholars established that childcare, food preparation, and economic stress are the leading causes of domestic violence. High levels of domestic violence were associated with nuclear families than extended families (Lloyd et al., 2017 ). Similarly, women who have been in the marriage for long experienced many instances of violence as compared to newly married ones. 

According to the meta-analysis carried out by Bowen (2015), domestic violence affects the relationship between parents and their children. The author argues that since the mother is most affected by domestic violence, their relationship with children is affected from early stages such as preschool level. In some cases, children brought up in families experiencing family violence may develop resilience and live a normal life. However, Bowen (2015) posits that in some cases, children who grew up in settings with domestic violence might develop stressful life events, especially when relating to their peers. As such, Ruddle et al. (2017) argue that domestic violence against women has advanced considerably in the past two decades. In spite of such information, critical gaps need to be addressed to facilitate the development of models that can be used in intervention against domestic violence (Cannon et al., 2016). As outlined by Cattaneo & Goodman (2015), research relating to differences in intensity of domestic violence prevalence among developed and developing regions needs further studies. More studies need to be done on reasons for high cases of domestic violence in fragile or poor states. Literature provides cultural practices and failure to report as main contributors to domestic violence in such areas. However, the information might not be satisfactory since, regardless of cultural practices, some families are not violent. 

Nonetheless, longitudinal studies should be done regarding sequences of cause and effect in domestic violence. Lloyd et al., (2017) denotes that studies relating to macro-level factors such as political process and geographical distribution lacks in the studies. Therefore, long-term qualitative studies that encompass on ethnographic evaluation needs consideration. According to various scholars, issues such as food preparation and economic stress are the leading causes of domestic violence. However, there is a missing gap in the knowledge base regarding levels of interaction of such causative issues to be a potential risk for domestic abuse. Notably, it is essential to highlight that particular constellation of issues combined might lead a woman or man to be violent. The information covered only concentrated on causes and effects; however, the role of genetics in aggression should be researched (Serrata et al., 2017). Research needs to be conducted on the role of epigenetics in different forms of abuse. For example, are men who engage in wife-beating inherited the trait from their fathers? Brassiolo (2016) views that emerging studies have shown that genetics may play a role in wife-beating and psychological abuse. The author further outlines that issues such as sexual violence perpetration in some men are associated with genetic of origin. Therefore, for further understanding of why gender-based violence affects women from both developed and developing families, demonstration on the contribution of genetics is required. A deep understanding of patterns of susceptibility is required to understand why men are the main perpetrators of domestic violence. The research should be done in a wider range of countries across low, middle, and high income to obtain relevant data for comparison purposes. 

The literature review covered was obtained from articles, book chapters, and information from various organizations dealing with rural studies and gender-based violence. The information was gathered from scholarly work done between 2015 and 2017. The purpose of the paper was to review knowledge regarding domestic violence from different scholars. A structured literature review methodology was utilized. The articles used provided evidence-based information regarding existing research in domestic violence. For instance, the paper analyzed ten published journals focusing on causes, effects, and the most affected gender in domestic violence. The information was obtained from databases like Google scholar and research methodologies such as meta-analysis for statistical purposes. Domestic violence is a growing concern in the public domain. Findings from various authors in domestic violence presented obstacles in the development of cohesive information needed in documented causes and effects of family violence. Thus, the literature review is fragmented in that the information from some authors showed that domestic violence mainly affected women. In contrast, some highlighted that evidence on women was rampant because men do not report cases of domestic violence. Areas associated with violence against women have been over-researched, while information regarding the abuse of men is inadequate—the literature review mainly covered data related to domestic violence in rural and among the poor. The research engine utilized words such as domestic violence, family abuse, and intimate family violence to obtain relevant articles. The title of the paper reflected on information covered by various authors in domestic violence and from publications of associations dealing with intimate family abuse. The methodological approach was qualitative; however, the emphasis provided covered the comparison between rates of domestic violence between women from low-income regions and those from developed parts and families. 

In conclusion, as discussed in the literature, domestic violence is experienced among women in both developing and developed regions. Domestic violence requires extensive research and evidence-based methods that can be used to provide the main reasons for family abuse as well as extend in both men and women. Issues associated with domestic violence such as geographical areas, gender, and income level needs to be further studied. This literature provides various causes and effects of domestic violence, and the vulnerable gender affected by the abuse. It is clear that both men and women are victims; however, the lack of accountability leads to biasness in data regarding cases of family violence in both genders. 

References 

Bowen, E. (2015). The impact of intimate partner violence on preschool children's peer problems: An analysis of risk and protective factors.  Child Abuse & Neglect ,  50 , 141-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.09.005 

Brassiolo, P. (2016). Domestic violence and divorce law: When divorce threats become credible.  Journal of Labor Economics ,  34 (2), 443-477. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/683666 

Cannon, C., Hamel, J., Buttell, F., & Ferreira, R. J. (2016). A survey of domestic violence perpetrator programs in the United States and Canada: Findings and implications for policy and intervention.  Partner abuse ,  7 (3), 226-276. https://doi.org/ 10.1891/1946-6560.7.3.226 

Cattaneo, L. B., & Goodman, L. A. (2015). What is empowerment anyway? A model for domestic violence practice, research, and evaluation.  Psychology of Violence ,  5 (1), 84. https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2014-01189-001 

Curry, S. J., Krist, A. H., Owens, D. K., Barry, M. J., Caughey, A. B., Davidson, K. W., ... & Kubik, M. (2018). Screening for intimate partner violence, elder abuse, and abuse of vulnerable adults: US Preventive Services Task Force final recommendation statement.  Jama ,  320 (16), 1678-1687. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.14741 

Glenn, C., & Goodman, L. (2015). Living with and within the rules of domestic violence shelters: A qualitative exploration of residents’ experiences.  Violence against women ,  21 (12), 1481-1506. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1077801215596242 

Goodman, L. A., Cattaneo, L. B., Thomas, K., Woulfe, J., Chong, S. K., & Smyth, K. F. (2015). Advancing domestic violence program evaluation: Development and validation of the Measure of Victim Empowerment Related to Safety (MOVERS).  Psychology of Violence ,  5 (4), 355. https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2014-45880-001 

Lloyd, M., Ramon, S., Vakalopoulou, A., Videmšek, P., Meffan, C., Roszczynska-Michta, J., & Rollè, L. (2017). Women’s experiences of domestic violence and mental health: Findings from a European empowerment project.  Psychology of violence ,  7 (3), 478. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/vio0000111 

Ruddle, A., Pina, A., & Vasquez, E. (2017). Domestic violence offending behaviors: A review of the literature examining childhood exposure, implicit theories, trait aggression and anger rumination as predictive factors.  Aggression and violent behavior ,  34 , 154-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.01.016 

Serrata, J. V., Macias, R. L., Rosales, A., Hernandez-Martinez, M., Rodriguez, R., & Perilla, J. L. (2017). Expanding evidence-based practice models for domestic violence initiatives: A community-centered approach.  Psychology of violence ,  7 (1), 158. https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2017-00691-001 

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Health Promotion Reflective Essay Sample

Health Promotion Reflection and Rationale for the creation of a Poster

Introduction

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of health refers to not only the absence of disease but complete social, mental, and physical well-being (WHO, 2021). "Health is created and lived by people within the settings of their everyday life; where they learn, work, play and love" (WHO, 1986, pp.3). From a medical perspective, illness refers to the feeling of and health which is personal and innate to the individual. It is often associated with the disease, but the disease may not be declared, such as cancer in its early stages (Boyd, 2000). Health promotion is a means of empowering and enabling a particular target group to use the available resources to promote action-oriented and competent-based health that is sustainable to reduced inequalities (Grabowski et al., 2017). Several tools and instruments are used to relay health promotion messages, such as the use of media, leaflets, one-on-one discussions, and focus groups; nonetheless, the current essay pays particular attention to using the poster as a health promotional tool. The following essay will provide a brief discussion on the process used to develop a health promotion poster (See Appendix 1) and later discuss the application of health promotion strategies for preventing illness and making every contact count across the lifespan.

However, the conceptualization of health by WHO described above has been criticised due to its unrealistic nature, inability to promote health, and lack of distinct parameters to measure it. Hence, Hubers et al. (2011) concept of health and well-being is favoured, which refers to the capacity to adapt and self-manage; this conceptualisation empowers individuals to be a salient force in determining their health. It also means that health is different from one person to the next depending on their situation in need (hence it considers the wider determinants of health). The principles of health promotion include: conceptualising health broadly and positively, involvement in addition to participation, a perspective on the individual setting, health equity, and development of action and its competence (Gregg and O'Hara, 2007). Health promotion strategies should be based on a life-course approach, which involves health promotion and health education measures, which are then supported by protective and preventive measures, with curative approaches being the last line of defence to quality of life and well-being (Eriksson and Lindström, 2008).

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According to an integrated review by Kemppainen et al. (2013), nurses have three roles in health promotion. One is the traditional general role of disease prevention in encouraging healthy behaviour. The second role involves patient-focused health promotion. The nurse identifies health promotion needs in different groups and gives specific advice based on their broad knowledge of various diseases and symptoms. Three, the nurses are seen as managers of health promotion projects through implementing health promotion plans, coordinating educational plans within the health facility and in the community, and being involved in health promotion activities for the person, their family, and even the community.

The poster being applied as a medium for communication transmits the message through graphical synthesis that combines images and text to draw the attention of the intended audience (Akister et al., 2000). The posters are considered a hybrid of paper and speech. This is because they offer more detail than speech but less detailed than paper and allows for more interactivity than both (Boggu and Singh, 2015). A poster should be visually appealing and have slogans and images that pull the audience's attention. A poster has a positive appeal, making it readily transcends public acceptance on an emotional, social, intellectual, sensorial, and economic level (Akister et al., 2000).

Before developing a health promotion strategy, one requires to perform a needs assessment. Information required is with regards to the size and nature of the population, identification of areas of unmet needs as well as those that are already met, the prevalence of the disease or condition one is interested in, the efficacy of available interventions, the available services in addition to their capacity, quality and effectiveness (Lawrence, 2020). The group notably used national statistics to define the UK population's problem, whereby 62% of the population is overweight while over 25% of adults are classified as obese (Public Health England [PHE], 2020). Obesity has been linked to metabolic syndrome, which triggers most chronic conditions such as diabetes heart disease and contributes to the National Health Service's significant disease burden. Complications of being overweight are estimated to cost the NHS 6.1 billion GBP every year (Scarborough et al., 2011).

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Additionally, the group drew information from the current political climate of the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic posed two obvious challenges; people were less likely to exercise because of the lockdown, which encouraged weight gain and being obese and overweight increases one's susceptibility to the Coronavirus through a decreased immune response and significantly higher inflammation levels (PHE, 2020). Nurses must recognise themselves as health promotion agents by making every contact count (MECC), which is a role that has been amplified by the Coronavirus, which minimizes community interventions due to the lockdown. Working with patients at the individual level denotes the nurse can tailor the interventions to every contact, consistent with the principles of person-centred care (NICE, 2019). Additionally, the MECC approach is a requirement of all nursing practitioners within the NHS. The team also ensured that the poster was brief per the national institute for healthcare excellence guidelines, which states that the interventions should be between 30 seconds to a couple of minutes for easy delivery during routine appointments where the nurse can take advantage of the contact to foster and promote health through behavioural change interventions. The nurse can use the poster to support the brief advice discussion, and patients can have a reference tool for audio-visual learning (NICE, 2019).

The team also considered the life-course approach in promoting health and well-being. Even though the intervention focused on adults, it recognises the intergenerational approach to health improvement (PHE, 2019). It is important to note that when adults change their diet, it creates a healthy environment for the dependents and children, who will also be exposed to healthier food choices (Caswell et al., 2013). Hence, reducing the likelihood of also developing obesity later in life. Also, the adults being more active will create a mental schema that will encourage them to be more active through the enculturation process (Caswell et al., 2013). Research by Fuemmeler et al. (2013) obesity in parents increases the likelihood of children becoming obese. When parents are obese, the children have a 10 to 12 fold chance of becoming obese.

One of the most salient stakeholders relied upon when making the health promotion poster is the government's department of health and social care (DHSC) new obesity strategy dubbed " Tackling obesity: empowering adults and children to live healthier lives" developed in 2020 which aims at getting people fit and healthy to protect themselves against covid-19. The UK government recognises obesity as a ticking time bomb due to the risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. The NHS services will encourage health practitioners to become coaches of a healthy weight through training delivered by Public Health England. Excess weight is considered by the DHSC (2020) as one of the few factors that can be modified to reduce the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Concerning health, a strategy chosen, the Ottawa charter developed by WHO suggests three dimensions to health promotion that mediate, enable, and advocate (Saan and Wise, 2011; WHO, 2009). The mediation dimension requires coordination of all concerned stakeholders such as government sectors, voluntary organisations, local authorities, the industries, and the media to mediate the different interests in society to achieve better health outcomes (Saan and Wise, 2011; WHO, 2009). The enable dimension focuses on ensuring health equity is attained by reducing current health status differences and ensuring equal access to health resources, ensuring that one has the best health outcomes regardless of one demographic profile. The advocacy dimension aims at improving the conditions of an individual's political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural, and biological factors to ensure an improved quality of life (Saan and Wise, 2011; WHO, 2009).

The health promotion poster developed focused on their advocacy domain and specifically changed the behavioural factors to improve the individuals' quality of life by reducing their susceptibility to the Coronavirus (WHO, 2009). Health promotion aims to bolster one's personal and social skills development by providing the audience information about health and enhancing their life skills and how to ensure their choices promote their well-being (WHO, 2009).

The potential strategy that will be applied to convey the health promotion poster's information is a caring conversation developed by Dewar, which involves delivering compassionate care to human relationships (Dewar and MacBride, 2017). The 'caring conversations' aim at conversing with the patient at a deeper level and knowing who they are, what is important to them, and the experiences they have had, and their feelings towards them. In having a caring conversation, the nurse ought to have seven key attributes: courage, emotional connection, consideration of other perspectives, curiosity, collaboration, celebration, and compromise (Bullington et al., 2019). It is critical to be open to the patient's experience and point of view for them to field part of the intervention as opposed to being one-sided and providing a prescriptive approach rather than involving them and collaborating with them in developing the intervention, which is consistent with person-centred care (Dewar and MacBride, 2017). The person-centred approach allows for tailoring the nursing communication to consider the patient's disabilities to ensure that they understand the message relayed (Bullington et al., 2019). The caring conversation approach is consistent with the NMC (2018) code, which advocates that communication should be adapted and tailored to meet a person's needs.

Regarding health literacy, the poster used words that were easy to understand (Osborne, 2012). The words aimed to push the audience into understanding that obesity was a modifiable factor in helping them become more resilient to the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the poster used numerous images and applied words sparingly to relay people's message to understand the language regardless of their ethnicities readily. The use of pictures is a universal language that creates visual appeal, and the fact that it transcends language barriers common in London due to the high percentage of black and ethnic minorities (BME) communities (Sany et al., 2020).

In conclusion, using the poster as a health promotional tool was effective, especially if the nurse combined it with less jargon and a caring conversation approach. The caring approach ensures avoidance of a one-size-fits-all approach to the conversational delivery but being considerate of the towards understanding them personally and adopting the approach of delivery to fit their context. It is also critical to underline the fact that the essay adopted Hubers et al. concept of health and well-being as a capacity to adapt and self-manage, which relegates the domain of health as being something that can be modified through behavioural change. The nurse focused on the advocacy role and specifically behavioural modification following the Ottawa charter's health promotion model. Evidence shows that the nurse has a role in health promotion, primarily through making every contact count. This role has been amplified by reducing communal avenues due to the lockdown brought on by the Coronavirus pandemic. Additionally, the poster applied a life-course approach by ensuring that adults in the family understood the role of behavioural change in weight and the benefits gained, extending to their children.

Akister, J., Bannon, A. and Mullender-Lock, H.(2000). Poster presentations in social work education assessment: a case study. Innovations in education and training international , 37 (3), pp.229-233.

Boggu, A.T. and Singh, J. (2015). Poster presentation as an effective communication tool in an EFL context. International Journal of Language and Linguistics , 2 (5), pp.203-213.

Boyd, K.M. (2000). Disease, illness, sickness, health, healing and wholeness: exploring some elusive concepts. Medical Humanities , 26 (1), pp.9-17.

Bullington, J., Söderlund, M., Sparén, E.B., Kneck, Å., Omérov, P. and Cronqvist, A. (2019). Communication skills in nursing: A phenomenologically-based communication training approach. Nurse education in practice , 39 , pp.136-141.

Caswell, J.A., Yaktine, A.L. and National Research Council. (2013). Individual, household, and environmental factors affecting food choices and access. In Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Examining the Evidence to Define Benefit Adequacy . National Academies Press (US).

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Information Technology and Health Promotion - Essay Example

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UN-led panel aims to tackle abuses linked to mining for ‘critical minerals’

Panel of nearly 100 countries to draw up guidelines for industries that mine raw materials used in low-carbon technology

A UN-led panel of nearly 100 countries is to draw up new guidelines to prevent some of the environmental damage and human rights abuses associated with mining for “critical minerals”.

Mining for some of the key raw materials used in low-carbon technology, such as solar panels and electric vehicles, has been associated with human rights abuses, child labour and violence, as well as grave environmental damage .

Cobalt mining, for instance, has led to an upsurge in illegal labour and human rights violations, particularly in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Copper mining has also led to severe pollution and environmental damage in some regions.

The global supply chain for other critical minerals , such as the rare earths needed for renewable energy production , is also increasingly a matter of concern for governments as they shift their economies to a low-carbon footing.

António Guterres, the secretary general of the UN, has gathered a panel of developed and developing countries with interests in the extraction and consumption of critical minerals with instructions to draw up a set of guidelines for the industries.

“A world powered by renewables is a world hungry for critical minerals,” said Guterres at the launch of the initiative on Friday. “For developing countries, critical minerals are a critical opportunity, to create jobs, diversify economies, and dramatically boost revenues. But only if they are managed properly.”

Addressing concerns that the scramble for raw materials had been disastrous for some, he said: “The race to net zero cannot trample over the poor. The renewables revolution is happening, but we must guide it towards justice.”

The guidelines drawn up by the panel will only be voluntary and are likely to rely heavily on big companies policing their own supply chains.

Laura Kelly, the head of sustainable markets at the International Institute for Environment and Development thinktank, said: “This is a good first step because at the moment, each country is doing its own thing in the rush to lock in access to critical minerals.

“But the fact that these will only be voluntary principles means there’ll be no enforcement mechanism for whatever guidelines are developed. In the end, voluntary guidelines are only as good as those willing to commit to them.”

She also noted that there was to be only limited input from Indigenous people, and that local people’s views must be taken into account.

The panel, which will produce the first draft of the guidelines ahead of the UN general assembly this September, will be chaired by South Africa and the European Commission.

Most of the world’s biggest producers are included on the panel, which comprises 21 countries plus the EU and the African Union, including Australia, Indonesia, Colombia and Chile. Many of the biggest consumers, including China, the US and the UK, are also onboard.

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Institutions such as the World Bank, the International Energy Agency, civil society groups and the biggest global trade association for mineral producers, which represents about 40% of the global supply, are also involved. Russia is absent, as are Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina and many smaller developing countries.

The critical minerals they will focus on include copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt and rare earth elements such as yttrium, ytterbium and neodymium. These are essential components for wind turbines, solar panels, electric vehicles and battery storage.

Governments agreed last year at the Cop28 climate summit to triple renewable energy generation capacity globally by 2030. Demand for critical minerals is expected to more than triple as a result.

Nozipho Joyce Mxakato-Diseko, the South African co-chair of the UN panel on critical energy transition minerals, said there was a gap in the governance of global mineral resources that urgently needed to be filled.

“The objective of the panel is to build trust and certainty towards harnessing the potential of these minerals to be utilised to unlock shared prosperity, leaving no one and no place behind,” she said.

Ditte Juul Jørgensen, the EU’s director general for energy and the other co-chair, said: “The global energy goals we all agreed at Cop28 require a rapid scale-up in the manufacturing and deployment of renewables globally, and critical energy transition minerals. [We will draw up] principles to ensure a fair and transparent approach globally and for local communities.”

• Electric, hybrid and low-emission cars
• United Nations
• Human rights
• Climate crisis
• Travel and transport
• Child labour

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