examples of journal essay

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How to Introduce a Journal Article in an Essay

Last Updated: February 9, 2024

This article was co-authored by Noah Taxis and by wikiHow staff writer, Jennifer Mueller, JD . Noah Taxis is an English Teacher based in San Francisco, California. He has taught as a credentialed teacher for over four years: first at Mountain View High School as a 9th- and 11th-grade English Teacher, then at UISA (Ukiah Independent Study Academy) as a Middle School Independent Study Teacher. He is now a high school English teacher at St. Ignatius College Preparatory School in San Francisco. He received an MA in Secondary Education and Teaching from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Education. He also received an MA in Comparative and World Literature from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and a BA in International Literary & Visual Studies and English from Tufts University. This article has been viewed 35,036 times.

Using a journal article in your essay can add to your credibility and make your points more persuasive. When you introduce an article to your readers, you help them understand why you're using it as a source. We've gathered a number of different ways you can introduce the journal article and transition between your thoughts and those of the other author. Pick the one that works best for you and your personal writing style.

List the title and the author.

• For example, you might write: "Albus Dumbledore describes the origin of the four Hogwarts houses in his article 'Separating Hogwarts Fact and Fiction.'"
• Put the title of the article in double-quotation marks in your text. [1] X Research source
• If you're quoting directly from the source, include the author's full name the first time you quote them. [2] X Research source

Summarize the article.

• For example, you might write: "The history of Hogwarts makes clear that the houses were never intended to be seen as 'good' or 'evil.' Rather, each house emphasizes and nurtures specific traits students have—how they use those traits is up to them."
• Paraphrasing from the article is similar to summarizing. However, when you summarize, you're covering the entire article in a sentence or two. A paraphrase typically only covers a small portion of the article.

Provide any necessary background.

• For example, you might write: "Professor Slughorn was one of the longest-serving teachers at Hogwarts, schooling generations of students in potions until his retirement."
• You might also include some background if the author of the article is controversial or the article's conclusions have been seriously questioned. If you're doing this, go on to explain why you're using the article in your essay.

Explain the purpose of the source in your essay.

• For example, you might write: "Although this essay doesn't discuss defenses against the dark arts, Gilderoy Lockhart's article provides an example of how you can't learn anything by plagiarizing the work of others."

Frame the source in the context of your own essay.

• For example, you might write: "This article demonstrates broad support for the idea that Hogwarts should continue to sort students into four houses."

Add a signal phrase to distinguish ideas from the source.

• For example, you might write: "McGonagall argues that Slytherin House should be disbanded after the Battle of Hogwarts."

Discuss the source's limitations.

• For example, you might write: "While McGonagall makes a compelling argument that Slytherin House should be disbanded, she was biased by her experiences. In this essay, I will show that the personality traits emphasized by Slytherin are positive traits that can be used for good."

Expert Q&A

• Remember to include an in-text citation for the source if required by your citation guide. You'll also need an entry for the source in your reference list at the end of your paper. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• In an academic essay, you typically introduce a journal article in the first sentence of a paragraph. Then, use the sentences that follow to show how the material from the article relates to the rest of your essay. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

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Expert Interview

Thanks for reading our article! If you’d like to learn more about academic writing, check out our in-depth interview with Noah Taxis .

• ↑ https://rasmussen.libanswers.com/faq/32501
• ↑ https://www.ursinus.edu/live/files/1160-integrating-quotespdf
• ↑ https://www.una.edu/writingcenter/docs/Writing-Resources/Source%20Integration.pdf
• ↑ https://www.stetson.edu/other/writing-center/media/Handout%20-%20Incorporating%20Sources%20Effectively.pdf

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How to Write a Peer Review

When you write a peer review for a manuscript, what should you include in your comments? What should you leave out? And how should the review be formatted?

This guide provides quick tips for writing and organizing your reviewer report.

Review Outline

Use an outline for your reviewer report so it’s easy for the editors and author to follow. This will also help you keep your comments organized.

Think about structuring your review like an inverted pyramid. Put the most important information at the top, followed by details and examples in the center, and any additional points at the very bottom.

Here’s how your outline might look:

1. Summary of the research and your overall impression

In your own words, summarize what the manuscript claims to report. This shows the editor how you interpreted the manuscript and will highlight any major differences in perspective between you and the other reviewers. Give an overview of the manuscript’s strengths and weaknesses. Think about this as your “take-home” message for the editors. End this section with your recommended course of action.

2. Discussion of specific areas for improvement

It’s helpful to divide this section into two parts: one for major issues and one for minor issues. Within each section, you can talk about the biggest issues first or go systematically figure-by-figure or claim-by-claim. Number each item so that your points are easy to follow (this will also make it easier for the authors to respond to each point). Refer to specific lines, pages, sections, or figure and table numbers so the authors (and editors) know exactly what you’re talking about.

Major vs. minor issues

What’s the difference between a major and minor issue? Major issues should consist of the essential points the authors need to address before the manuscript can proceed. Make sure you focus on what is  fundamental for the current study . In other words, it’s not helpful to recommend additional work that would be considered the “next step” in the study. Minor issues are still important but typically will not affect the overall conclusions of the manuscript. Here are some examples of what would might go in the “minor” category:

• Missing references (but depending on what is missing, this could also be a major issue)
• Technical clarifications (e.g., the authors should clarify how a reagent works)
• Data presentation (e.g., the authors should present p-values differently)
• Typos, spelling, grammar, and phrasing issues

3. Any other points

Confidential comments for the editors.

Some journals have a space for reviewers to enter confidential comments about the manuscript. Use this space to mention concerns about the submission that you’d want the editors to consider before sharing your feedback with the authors, such as concerns about ethical guidelines or language quality. Any serious issues should be raised directly and immediately with the journal as well.

This section is also where you will disclose any potentially competing interests, and mention whether you’re willing to look at a revised version of the manuscript.

Do not use this space to critique the manuscript, since comments entered here will not be passed along to the authors.  If you’re not sure what should go in the confidential comments, read the reviewer instructions or check with the journal first before submitting your review. If you are reviewing for a journal that does not offer a space for confidential comments, consider writing to the editorial office directly with your concerns.

Get this outline in a template

Giving Feedback

Giving feedback is hard. Giving effective feedback can be even more challenging. Remember that your ultimate goal is to discuss what the authors would need to do in order to qualify for publication. The point is not to nitpick every piece of the manuscript. Your focus should be on providing constructive and critical feedback that the authors can use to improve their study.

If you’ve ever had your own work reviewed, you already know that it’s not always easy to receive feedback. Follow the golden rule: Write the type of review you’d want to receive if you were the author. Even if you decide not to identify yourself in the review, you should write comments that you would be comfortable signing your name to.

In your comments, use phrases like “ the authors’ discussion of X” instead of “ your discussion of X .” This will depersonalize the feedback and keep the focus on the manuscript instead of the authors.

General guidelines for effective feedback

• Justify your recommendation with concrete evidence and specific examples.
• Be specific so the authors know what they need to do to improve.
• Be thorough. This might be the only time you read the manuscript.
• Be professional and respectful. The authors will be reading these comments too.
• Remember to say what you liked about the manuscript!

Don’t

• Recommend additional experiments or  unnecessary elements that are out of scope for the study or for the journal criteria.
• Tell the authors exactly how to revise their manuscript—you don’t need to do their work for them.
• Use the review to promote your own research or hypotheses.
• Focus on typos and grammar. If the manuscript needs significant editing for language and writing quality, just mention this in your comments.
• Submit your review without proofreading it and checking everything one more time.

Before and After: Sample Reviewer Comments

Keeping in mind the guidelines above, how do you put your thoughts into words? Here are some sample “before” and “after” reviewer comments

✗ Before

“The authors appear to have no idea what they are talking about. I don’t think they have read any of the literature on this topic.”

✓ After

“The study fails to address how the findings relate to previous research in this area. The authors should rewrite their Introduction and Discussion to reference the related literature, especially recently published work such as Darwin et al.”

“The writing is so bad, it is practically unreadable. I could barely bring myself to finish it.”

“While the study appears to be sound, the language is unclear, making it difficult to follow. I advise the authors work with a writing coach or copyeditor to improve the flow and readability of the text.”

“It’s obvious that this type of experiment should have been included. I have no idea why the authors didn’t use it. This is a big mistake.”

“The authors are off to a good start, however, this study requires additional experiments, particularly [type of experiment]. Alternatively, the authors should include more information that clarifies and justifies their choice of methods.”

Suggested Language for Tricky Situations

You might find yourself in a situation where you’re not sure how to explain the problem or provide feedback in a constructive and respectful way. Here is some suggested language for common issues you might experience.

What you think : The manuscript is fatally flawed. What you could say: “The study does not appear to be sound” or “the authors have missed something crucial”.

What you think : You don’t completely understand the manuscript. What you could say : “The authors should clarify the following sections to avoid confusion…”

What you think : The technical details don’t make sense. What you could say : “The technical details should be expanded and clarified to ensure that readers understand exactly what the researchers studied.”

What you think: The writing is terrible. What you could say : “The authors should revise the language to improve readability.”

What you think : The authors have over-interpreted the findings. What you could say : “The authors aim to demonstrate [XYZ], however, the data does not fully support this conclusion. Specifically…”

What does a good review look like?

Check out the peer review examples at F1000 Research to see how other reviewers write up their reports and give constructive feedback to authors.

Time to Submit the Review!

Be sure you turn in your report on time. Need an extension? Tell the journal so that they know what to expect. If you need a lot of extra time, the journal might need to contact other reviewers or notify the author about the delay.

Tip: Building a relationship with an editor

You’ll be more likely to be asked to review again if you provide high-quality feedback and if you turn in the review on time. Especially if it’s your first review for a journal, it’s important to show that you are reliable. Prove yourself once and you’ll get asked to review again!

• Getting started as a reviewer
• Responding to an invitation
• Reading a manuscript
• Writing a peer review

The contents of the Peer Review Center are also available as a live, interactive training session, complete with slides, talking points, and activities. …

The contents of the Writing Center are also available as a live, interactive training session, complete with slides, talking points, and activities. …

There’s a lot to consider when deciding where to submit your work. Learn how to choose a journal that will help your study reach its audience, while reflecting your values as a researcher…

Journal - List of Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

A journal can refer to a daily record of events or business; a private journal is usually referred to as a diary. It can also refer to a scholarly or professional publication that contains articles written by experts in a particular field. Essays could explore the importance of journaling as a practice, the role of professional journals in advancing knowledge, or the processes and challenges of publishing in academic journals. A substantial compilation of free essay instances related to Journal you can find in Papersowl database. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Hockey Journal: MLB and NHL through the Lens of Salary Arbitration

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The Journal of John Proctor

To think that all used to be good and well in this village until Parris' family and some of their friends decide to play with the devil and bring him to our village. All of those girls should be ashamed of themselves as they all had an effort in bringing the devil to us all. And to hear that Abigail is associated with this just makes me care less of her. From what I've been hearing from around town, Parris […]

Family Cultural

Since I was born, I have tried to learn much about my family, though I have yet to gather all the information. This is because I have not been able to meet most of my grandparents, and my parent had little time to divulge more information. My grandfather on my mother's side is called Andrew, while my mother is called Yvette, and my father is called Donald. My grandmother on my mother's side died before I knew her. On the […]

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Psychology Scientific Journal Article

This experiment was designed to reflect reproducibility as a defining feature of science based on conducted replications several experimental and correlational published in psychological journals using original materials and high powered designs. It focuses on the role of explaining the reasons and the argument basing on making decisions when faced with the need to choose and make solutions by constructing facts that resolve the conflict and justify the made choice to the involved party. In this experiment, the role of […]

Journal Article for Review: Apoptosis-induced CXCL5

The article under review examines the acceleration of inflammation and growth of prostate tumor metastasis in bone due to apoptosis-induced CXCL5. Tumor cell death, which can be increased by targeted therapies, causes immense efferocytosis to clear the apoptotic cells. It is thought that this can lead to accelerated tumor growth. The scope of this research article is limited to prostate cancer cells and the proinflammatory cytokine, CKCL5, along with other variants. This article will exclude other ways of metastasis of […]

Wuthering Heights Reading Journal: Chapter 29

Chapter 29 Edgar has passed away, leaving the title of Thrushcross Grange master unfilled. Nelly, Edgar’s servant, seeks a new job at Wuthering Heights as a servant for Heathcliff but he denies. Right before the death of Edgar, his daughter Cathy forcedly marries Linton, Heathcliff’s son. The marriage gives Linton and Heathcliff say over the Grange estate after Edgar’s death, therefore making Heathcliff the new master, replacing Edgar. Now the master, Heathcliff use the Grange as a space to rent […]

Wuthering Heights Reading Journal: Chapter 11

Chapter 11 Nelly, the servant from Thrushcross Grange heads over to Wuthering Heights hoping to talk to Hindley, Heathcliff’s ultimate enemy but cannot. The next day at the Grange she, along with Catherine see Heathcliff with his new “lover” Isabella. Catherine, who loves Heathcliff but is married to Edgar Linton, confronts him asking for her true feelings and offers to allow the marriage if their love is true. Heathcliff becomes disgusted at the idea of marrying Isabella, confessing his hate […]

Journal of Addiction Medicine

According to Journal of Addiction Medicine, drug, alcohol, and tobacco use is highly prevalent among high school student sin the United States, and adolescents, even those without a substance use disorder, are at high risk of morbidity and mortality related to those of these substances. The primary care setting provides access to adolescents, and the health maintenance visit provides a private, confidential setting in which patients expect to discuss health-related behaviors and receive advice. Research has found that the adolescent […]

Walden Journal Issues

Answer to question 1: Examples of Transcendentalism in Walden: Thoreau (the narrator of the story) decided to spend more time with himself instead of working hard to be, in conclusion, unfulfilled and reduced to a thing that lives a quiet, sad life. He describes the main necessities in life to be food (including water), shelter, clothes, and a type of fuel Thoreau states that anything other than those four things that we have (basically what we want, not what we […]

Anorexia Journal Article

Reading the journal article, it was apparent that the authors main purpose of this journal is the finding of a link between weight overestimation and disordered eating behaviors among normal weight women (Conley &Boardmen,2007).The authors go on further explaining how there is little to no research done with associating normal weight women and their possibility with acquiring an eating disorder because of how they might overestimate their weight and might be at risk of developing anorexia nervosa. The key concepts […]

Journal Oedipus the King

One of the most interesting and tragic ideas about reading Oedipus by Sophocles is that we know what Oedipus does not. We know that he unknowingly killed his father. The idea of fate, or fulfilling a prophecy is complicated in this story. Oedipus, has no control of this story line, and could no way have changed what was already in place from the time of his birth. We know that he unknowingly killed his father.That he marries his mother, becoming […]

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Essay Samples on Journal

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Analysis of Coping Strategies Based on Student's Journals

In Journal 10 which is the prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students reported that Franciscan University Counseling Center showcased the result of an increase of 231% in regular visitors over the last four years, as well as...

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This journal is important to the development and well-being of my group along with my group members. My beliefs and views within a group setting and how I deal with conflict is a make or break situation in group work. Reflecting on both myself and...

Journaling and Barrett's Power Theory

Journaling is not my strongest passion, although I love to read them. Throughout my high school and college years I found myself loving to read historical journals. Reading journal entries that were written by people of the past shows me how precious our lives are,...

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Journal Paper

A journal paper is a written work that presents an original research outline , or ideas in a specific field. Journal papers are typically published in academic or professional report  journals and follow a specific format to ensure consistency and clarity. The format of a journal paper typically includes a title page , abstractionism content, introduction , methodology, manuscript results, text structure , script , discussion, conclusion , and reference list . The purpose of this format is to provide a clear structure for the reader and to ensure that the paper contains all the necessary information. In this article, we will explore the key features of a journal paper format and offer some tips for using this format effectively in academic writing.

1. Journal Paper Format Template

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2. Reviewing Journal Paper Article Format

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3. Journal Paper of Scientific & Industrial Research

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What is Journal Paper Format?

A journal paper format is a standardized way of structuring and presenting academic research in a written format. The format typically includes several key elements that are required to ensure clarity and consistency in the presentation of the research.

Journal paper format can vary depending on the specific journal’s guidelines and requirements. It is important to carefully read and adhere to these guidelines when preparing a paper for submission.

How to write in Journal Paper Format

The journal paper format provides a clear and structured way of presenting academic research that ensures consistency and clarity across different fields and publications. To write in journal paper format, follow these tips:

Step 1: Read and understand the journal requirements

Before you begin writing, carefully read the journal’s guidelines and requirements for formatting and submission. This will help ensure that your paper meets the specific requirements of the journal.

Step 2: Plan your paper

Decide on the research question, hypothesis, or argument that you want to address in your paper. Outline the structure of your paper, including the introduction, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.

Step 3: Write the introduction

Begin with an opening sentence that provides context for the research. State the research question or hypothesis, provide an overview of the methods used to conduct the research, and outline the key findings.

Step 4: Write the methodology section

Describe the research methods used in detail, including the sample population, data collection methods, and statistical analysis. Be sure to explain why these methods were chosen and how they were used to address the research question.

Step 5: Present the results

Use tables, graphs, and charts to present the findings of the research in a clear and concise manner. Be sure to explain the significance of the results in relation to the research question.

Step 6: Interpret the results

In the discussion section, interpret the results of the research and explore their implications, limitations, and potential areas for future research. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the study and suggest potential improvements.

Step 7: Write the conclusion

Summarize the key findings of the research and their implications. Discuss the significance of the results and suggest potential areas for future research.

Step 8: Include references

Provide a list of references cited in the paper using a specific citation style as required by the journal.

Step 9: Review and revise

Before submitting your paper, review and revise it carefully for clarity, accuracy, and adherence to the journal’s guidelines and requirements.

What are some common citation styles used in journal papers?

Common citation styles used in journal papers include APA, MLA, and Chicago Style.

What is a peer review in the context of journal papers?

Peer review is the process of having the research paper reviewed and evaluated by experts in the same field prior to publication. This process helps ensure the quality and validity of the research.

Can journal paper format vary depending on the specific journal?

Yes, journal paper format can vary depending on the specific journal’s guidelines and requirements. It is important to carefully read and adhere to these guidelines when preparing a paper for submission.

Writing a research paper in journal paper format is an important skill for scholars and researchers in various fields. Following the guidelines and requirements of the specific journal, including the structure and citation style, is crucial for the successful publication of a paper. By adhering to the guidelines and presenting research in a clear and concise manner, scholars can effectively communicate their findings and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields.

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3.4: Assignment- Sleep and Dream Journal

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Sleep and Dream Journal

STEP 1 : For this assignment, you’ll be keeping track of your sleep habits and your dreams in order to analyze your sleep habits and examine dream theories. To begin, make a copy of this sleep log .

STEP 2 : Keep track of your sleep habits and dreams for a MINIMUM of 3 days.

STEP 3 : While it’s not guaranteed you will remember your dreams, you can take some steps to help. Begin by telling yourself you want to remember your dream, then print off the sleep/dream journal and have paper and a pen (or your phone) next to your bed right when you wake up. Try to review the dream in your head as soon as you wake up, and consider specifics such as the people involved, the location and setting, the storyline, or how you felt.

STEP 4 : Submit your sleep journal and sleep essay based on the following prompt:

Based on your sleep/dream journal and what you have learned about the purpose for dreaming, write a 1-2 page essay (between 250-500 words) about your own sleep habits.

Your essay should include:

• An analysis of your sleep habits. Do you go to bed at the same time every night? How many hours a night do you normally sleep?  How could you be a better sleeper? Do you notice any patterns? What concepts from your text might apply to your sleep habits?
• An analysis of your dreams. Why do you usually dream? Are there any patterns or re-occurring themes? Is there any consistency between the things you do during the day and the dreams you have? *If you cannot remember your dreams, you can skip this part and spend more time focusing on the steps above and below.
• Your conclusion as to what is the MAIN purpose that we dream and why. Consider the theories presented in your readings.

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• Sleep and Dream Journal Assignment. Provided by : Lumen Learning. License : CC BY: Attribution . License Terms : Download for free at http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]