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How To Write A Cover Letter in 2024 (Expert Tips and Examples)

Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to write a cover letter that will get you noticed by recruiters.

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A survey revealed that 77% of recruiters prefer candidates who send in a cover letter, even if submitting it is optional. Additionally, 90% of executives consider cover letters invaluable when assessing job candidates.

So, if you think cover letters are no longer important and necessary in 2024, think again.

Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you write a cover letter that effectively sells your skills and professional experience, increases your chances of getting interviews, and gets your foot in the door.

Table of Contents

What is a cover letter and do you still need one in 2024?

A cover letter is a letter of introduction accompanying your resume that paints why you are the best person for the job, what you bring to the table, and how you can help move the company forward.

Is the cover letter dead? No! In fact, a recent study by ResumeLab revealed that 64% of job vacancies still require that you include a cover letter in your application and 83% of HR pros said that cover letters are important for their hiring decision.

The bottom line is that a cover letter is still a valuable piece of your job search collateral. Nail your cover letter and you could end up getting that dream job.

So what exactly do you need to accomplish in your cover letter?

What is the purpose of a cover letter?

According to 49% of HR managers , your cover letter is the second best way to call attention to your resume and distinguish yourself from other applicants.

So the main purpose of your cover letter is to compel the recruiter to read more about you on your resume and move you to the next part of the hiring process.

Further, according to award-winning resume expert Melanie Denny , your cover letter is your value proposition letter. It proves why you are the best candidate to address the company’s needs with the professional skills and qualifications to succeed in the job.

Here’s an example of a great cover letter:

Now let’s get into the details of what your cover letter needs to include.

Cover Letter Structure Checklist

Here’s a quick rundown of what you need to include in your cover letter.

• Contact Details Name Address (or City, State with zip code) Phone number Email address
• Greeting Whenever possible, address the hiring manager by name.
• Opening Who are you? What are your relevant skills and accomplishments?
• Body (1-2 paragraphs) What do you know about the company? Why are you applying for this job? What value can you bring to the company? Include measurable results when possible.
• Closing Reiterate your interest. Add a Call to Action. Mention any attachments. Use a professional sign-off like “Best” or “Sincerely” before your full name.

Here’s an example for the visual learners out there:

Now that you know the basics of what to include in your cover letter, let’s go through the process from start to finish to see how you can write a cover letter that will make you stand out from the rest of the candidates.

How to write a cover letter in 9 steps

It can be intimidating to try to parse down all your best qualities into a few quick paragraphs for your cover letter.

Here are 9 steps you can take to make sure you’re headed in the right direction:

Step 1. Do your research

Before writing your cover letter, thoroughly read the job description and the requirements for the job.

Melanie Denny , award-winning resume expert, likens the job description to your cover letter cheat sheet. And when checking the job description, she says you need to consider the following:

• What are the company’s priorities?
• What are their goals for the role?
• What outcomes and accomplishments in your previous roles match the goals?
• What are the key phrases and verbiage the company uses?

This will help you customize your cover letter, angle yourself and your narrative to fit the role better, and impress the hiring manager.

Try reaching out to the recruiter, hiring manager, or someone working in the company if you want more in-depth information about the company and the position you are applying for.

Step 2. Customize your cover letter for every job

Make sure your cover letter matches the job you are applying for. Writing a generic cover letter is a missed opportunity as this will not appeal to the recruiter or hiring manager. According to research from ResumeGo , 81% of HR professionals value job-specific cover letters over generic ones. Jobseekers who had tailored cover letters received a 53% higher callback rate compared to those who had no cover letter.

Remember, your cover letter is your chance to prove that you are passionate about working for a given company, so take the time to write a tailored cover letter for each position . You can do this by mentioning your skills and experience that are directly related to what’s mentioned in the job description. If you’re applying for a data analyst role that requires expertise in Microsoft Power BI, cite an example of a Power BI dashboard you built and how it helped the company.

Read our full guide: How to Optimize Your Cover Letter

Step 3. Include all of your contact info

You should make it easy for the hiring manager to reach you. In your cover letter, list these three things:

• Address (including zip code– for ATS purposes )
• Phone number with area code
• Email address
• Name of the Hiring Manager
• Name of the Company
• Address of the Company

Traditionally, your contact information is included in the upper left corner of your cover letter if you’re writing in a document. If you’re writing an email, this can be included beneath your signature at the end of the message.

Cover Letter Header Example:

Jane Jobscan Seattle, WA 98101 (555) 555-5555 • [email protected] linkedin.com/in/jane-jobscan

February 25, 2024

Lavinia Smith Hiring Manager Media Raven, Inc. Plantersville, MS 38862

Step 4. Address your cover letter to a real person

According to Melanie Denny, resume expert and President of Resume-Evolution, addressing your cover letter to a real person and addressing them by their name feels more personal and shows recruiters and hiring managers that you took time and did the research.

You can usually find the hiring manager’s name by searching the company website or LinkedIn profile, or by calling the company and asking which hiring manager is assigned to the particular position.

Once you learn the name, a simple greeting of “John” or “Hello John” is all you need.

If you can’t find the hiring manager’s name, you can use any of the following:

• Dear Hiring Manager
• Dear (Department) Team
• To whom it may concern

Read our full guide: How to Address a Cover Letter

Step 5. Write a strong opening statement

Melanie Denny suggests that you start your cover letter with a bang. This will hook the hiring manager’s interest and show them how you can be a valuable addition to the team.

Here are things you can do:

• Open with a thought-provoking question
• Make a big claim about what you can do for the company
• Say something relevant and specific to the company

For example,

“I want to bring the marketing department of Media Raven Inc. to the next level and help the company exceed goals and reach more customers as Marketing Manager.”

Step 6. Prove how your professional background and skills help the company in the body of your cover letter

Take advantage of this real estate and prove to the prospective employer how your background, values, and professional experiences position you as the best fit for what the role requires.

This is especially important if you are switching careers. Highlight your relevant accomplishments in your cover letter, showcase your transferable skills, and explain how you can help the company address its challenges and succeed.

For example:

“As the Director of Marketing at ABC Company since 2018, I directed all phases of both the creative and technical elements of marketing initiatives, including data mining, brand creation, print/web collateral development, lead generation, channel partner cultivation, customer segmentation/profiling, as well as CRM and acquisition strategies.

Perhaps most importantly, I offer a history of proven results, as evidenced by the following marketing accomplishments for my current employer:

• Captured a 28% expansion in customer base since 2018, achieved during a period of overall decline in the retail industry.
• Led national marketing campaign (comprised of trade shows, media, and PR initiatives) for my company’s newly launched technology services division
• Developed and executed SEO strategy that achieved and sustained top 3 rankings on Google (organic, nonpaid results) for key product search terms.
• Oversaw the creation of a new company logo and rebranded 100+ products to cement a cohesive corporate identity and support new company direction.”

Just like when writing a resume, your cover letter should only include the most relevant and positive information about you. To home in on the right skills and qualifications to mention, try scanning your cover letter .

Read our full guide: What Do You Put in a Cover Letter?

Step 7. Write a strong closing statement and a call to action

Use the closing of your cover letter to:

• Thank the hiring manager for their time
• Mention any attachments (resume, portfolio, samples)
• Invite to schedule an interview
• Let the hiring manager know that you will follow up

Keep the closing professional and try not to sound too eager since that can come off as desperate. You must also keep in mind the tone and personality of the company you’re communicating with.

“Given the opportunity, I’m confident I can achieve similar groundbreaking marketing results for Media Raven, Inc.

Ms. Smith, I would welcome the chance to discuss your marketing objectives and how I can help you attain them. Feel free to call me at (555) 555-5555 or email me at [email protected] to arrange a meeting. I look forward to speaking with you.”

Read our full guide: How to End a Cover Letter With a Call to Action

Step 8. End with a professional closing salutation

To finish out the closing , use a formal signature. You can use “Sincerely,” “Best,” “Regards,” “Yours,” or any other professional signoff.

Use your first and last name as your signature. If you’re sending your cover letter in the body of an email, make sure it’s your personal email account that does not list your current work signature beneath the email. Your other option is to write the cover letter in a word document, save it as a PDF, and attach it to your email.

Step 9. Optimize your cover letter for the ATS

The Applicant Tracking System or the ATS is a software that companies use to screen applications and shrink their pool of applicants. Through the ATS database, a recruiter or hiring manager can just search for specific skills and keywords and the ATS will return a list of the top candidates who match the search criteria.

To optimize your cover letter for ATS, you need to:

• Carefully read the job description
• Take note of skills and resume keywords frequently mentioned
• Incorporate these keywords into your cover letter

Read our full guide: How to Optimize Your Cover Letter to Beat the ATS

Does your cover letter pass the test?

Scan your cover letter to see how well it matches the job you're applying for. Optimize your cover letter and resume with Jobscan to get more interviews.

How to Format Your Cover Letter

A cover letter is a letter, but that doesn’t mean you should just plop everything onto the page in a stream-of-consciousness flow. After all, cover letter formats determine the order in which the hiring manager learns about you, which can significantly influence their first impression. Use the format order below as a guideline for building the structure of your cover letter.

Notice how the topics flow like a conversation? When you first meet someone, you introduce yourself, tell them your name and a little about yourself, and then leave the conversation open for future meetings.

Your cover letter is just a like having a conversation with someone for the first time. Keeping that in mind will help you to keep things simple and focus on the right information.

Below are some examples of how to format your cover letter for different types of applications.

How to format your cover letter for a job

• State your name
• Explain your work history
• Tell them what you can do for their company
• Say goodbye

How to format your cover letter for an internship

• Explain your coursework history and education
• Explain what you can gain professionally

How to format your cover letter with no experience

• Explain your skillset and character qualities that make you well-suited for the role
• Outline entry-level achievements

You can also check out our cover letter templates to help you as you write your own cover letter.

Do you want to save time and receive instant feedback on your cover letter? Check out Jobscan’s cover letter tool .

Read more : How to Write a Resume for Today’s Job Market

Cover Letter Examples

Here are some examples to help you create a cover letter that will make you stand out and give a strong first impression.

1. Internship Cover Letter Example

2. Career Change Cover Letter Example

3. Operations Manager Cover Letter Example

4. Communications Professional Cover Letter Example

5. Software Engineer Cover Letter Example

Cover Letter Do’s and Don’ts

Aside from the basic steps of how to write a cover letter, there are some things you definitely need to make sure you avoid – and things you can’t skip! Follow these do’s and don’ts for writing a cover letter, and you’ll end up with a much better result.

• Customize a cover letter for every job application that asks for one.
• Incorporate the top skills or keywords from the job description in your cover letter.
• Include the company name and address, the job title, and point of contact’s name on your cover letter.
• Incorporate relevant and compelling measurable results in your cover letter.
• Explain, briefly, any dramatic shifts in a career (i.e. you are changing industries or job titles).
• Use company information to relate your interest in the job.
• Keep your cover letter concise.
• Convey WHY you are right for the position.
• Use a cover letter unless one was requested.
• Attach a cover letter directly to your resume unless requested to do so.
• Use the same boilerplate cover letter for multiple job applications.
• Over-explain your work history, employment gaps, or qualifications – save it for the interview.
• Badmouth any of your past employers.
• Use the cover letter to complain or tell about your job search journey.
• Use non-standard formatting like tables, columns, or graphics. (ATS can’t read those and your cover letter copy might not be scannable by the system.)
• Use long paragraphs.

More Cover Letter Tips

• When emailing your cover letter, be strategic with your subject line. Never leave the subject line blank, and double-check for specific instructions in the job posting. If possible, use the email subject line to sell yourself. For example: “Experienced Software Engineer Seeks Senior Level Mobile Position.”
• Keep your cover letter brief and to the point. The hiring manager will be reading many cover letters. By carefully selecting your words and experiences to include, you can stand out from the crowd of applicants.
• Be confident. Let the hiring manager know the reasons why you deserve this position, and make yourself believe them too!
• Your cover letter should not be simply a rephrasing of your resume. Let your personality show and go into further detail about your most valuable skills and experiences.
• Do your research on the company and position before writing the cover letter. It should be customized to that specific company’s values and needs. Hiring managers can spot a generic resume from a mile away.
• Use the job posting as your guide for what topics, skills, and experience to focus on.
• The best cover letters include keywords from the job posting. Applicant tracking systems may scan your cover letter along with your resume and will be using these keywords to sort through the applicants.
• Check for spelling and grammar errors.
• Send your cover letter as a PDF to avoid readability issues and to present the most professional application package.
• Scan Your Cover Letter with Jobscan to make sure you’re checking all the boxes.

Optimize Your Cover Letter with Jobscan’s Cover Letter Scanner

In addition to resume scans, Jobscan Premium users can also scan their cover letters against a job description.

This generates a report of the top hard skills and soft skills found in the job description that should be included in your cover letter, plus additional checks for optimal length, contact information, measurable results, and more.

Here’s how it works:

Key Takeaways

Your cover letter gives recruiters, hiring managers, and prospective employers an overview of your professional qualifications and relevant accomplishments that position you as the best candidate for the job.

So you have to make your cover letter powerful and interesting enough to make the recruiter or hiring manager read your resume and move you to the next step of the hiring process.

Here are key pointers when writing your cover letter.

• Make sure you’ve read the job description and done your research about the company.
• Get to know the name of the recruiter or hiring manager so you can address your cover letter properly.
• Include relevant and measurable accomplishments in the body of your cover letter to prove to the hiring manager that you have what it takes to succeed in the job.
• Keep your cover letter short and concise.
• Your cover letter is not a substitute for your resume so don’t just copy and paste whatever is in your resume into your cover letter.

One last important reminder!

Having a strong cover letter is not enough. You also need to create a killer resume to make sure you stand out and land job interviews.

Learn more about writing a cover letter

How to Address a Cover Letter

10 Tips for Writing a Cover Letter

The Career Change Cover Letter: How to Get it Right

What Do You Put in a Cover Letter?

Is Your Cover Letter Robot-Approved?

How to End a Cover Letter with a Call to Action

Frequently asked questions, what are the different types of cover letters.

There are four types of cover letters.

• Application cover letter An application cover letter is what you send to the recruiter or hiring manager along with your resume.
• Prospecting cover letter You send this when you want to inquire prospective employers about open positions in their company or put yourself top-of-mind when they do decide to hire.
• Networking cover letter You will send this to professionals in your network in hopes of getting referrals, introductions, job search advice, and job opportunities.
• Career change cover letter This is what you send when you are switching careers or industries.

What tense should I use when writing a cover letter?

It can be appropriate to change tenses throughout your cover letter.

For example, you can explain who you are in the present tense and explain important aspects of your work history in the past tense. You can switch to future perfect tense when discussing the ways you would perform if given the position.

Think of it like this, “I am ABC, I did XYZ previously, and I look forward to doing EFG in this position.”

What to include in a cover letter

Our cover letter guidelines above explain how to write a cover letter more deeply, but in summary, you should always include your name, relevant work experience, and reasons why you are right for the job in your cover letter.

When not to include a cover letter

• When the job posting clearly states not to include a cover letter
• When you don’t have the time and energy to customize your cover letter. It’s better not to send a cover letter than to send a half-baked and mediocre one.
• When you are applying online and there is no field to upload your cover letter.
• When your cover letter has a lot of typos and errors.

What should you send first: a cover letter or a resume?

Typically, your cover letter and resume will be sent as a pair, but your cover letter is meant to be an introduction to your resume. If it is an email, use the cover letter in the body and attach your resume, otherwise, attach both.

Pro Tip: Be sure to review all instructions in the job description to follow the hiring manager’s requests.

How long should a cover letter be?

According to 70% of recruiters, a cover letter should not exceed 250 to 300 words.

Although there is no hard and fast rule about this, the ideal cover letter length should be around half a page to one full page in length to keep your message concise, clear, and easy to digest.

Should a cover letter be sent as a file attachment?

If it is not specified in the job posting, a cover letter can be sent either as an attachment (PDF is best) or in the body of an application email with your resume attached.

How to share a cover letter with a potential employer

There are several methods of sharing a cover letter with potential employers, depending on their application process.

Cover letters can be written on a document and turned into a PDF to be uploaded to a job application website or attached to an email along with your resume.

In other cases, your cover letter can simply be written in the email message to a hiring manager, with your resume attached.

How to title and save your cover letter

The key in every aspect of job applications is to make yourself an easy “yes” for your potential employer. That means making it easy for the hiring manager to keep track of your application materials for later review. With this in mind, make sure your full name and the phrase “cover letter” are included in the file label. Other helpful details might include the job title you’re applying for or the year of your application.

Here are a few examples:

• Your Name_Cover Letter_Job Title.pdf
• Cover Letter_Your Name_Job Title.pdf
• Job Title_Your Name_Cover Letter.pdf
• Your Name_Cover Letter_2024.pdf
• Cover Letter_Your Name_2024.pdf

Explore more cover letter resources

Cover Letter Formats

ATS-Optimized Cover Letter

Cover Letter Templates

Generate a personalized cover letter in as little as 5 seconds

Say goodbye to the stress of writing a cover letter from scratch. Our AI-powered cover letter generator uses GPT-4 technology to create a personalized and ATS-friendly cover letter in one click. Stand out from the competition and land more job interviews.

What is a career change cover letter? (And how to write one)

When changing careers, your application should make a good first impression. A strong resume is the foundation of your job application , but a well-crafted cover letter can help you stand out. This article aims to provide actionable advice for crafting cover letters that bridge the gap between your past experiences and new career aspirations. Here's what we'll cover:

Why a cover letter is important when considering a career change

How to write a cover letter for a career change, sample career change cover letter.

Many career changers find that cover letters are crucial to their application. This is unlike people on a traditional career path who may rely on their resume alone. Here's why cover letters are important:

Bridges gaps in your professional experience

Changing careers may leave gaps in your resume. A strong cover letter helps the hiring manager understand how your existing skills translate to the new position. This can encourage them to focus on what you bring to the table instead.

Highlights interest or passion in your new career

Use your cover letters to show hiring managers how passionate you are about your new career path. Provide specific examples of your interest in the industry outside of your current role. Mention relevant volunteer work or professional connections to promote your new career goals.

Tells your career story

Cover letters allow you to provide context for your career switch. Explain your motivations for making the change. Mention relevant experiences and accomplishments from your previous career that relate to the job description.

Showcases your communication skills

A compelling career change cover letter shows your communication skills . It highlights your writing ability, which is valuable in any field. The tone and language you use can also demonstrate your attention to detail . This is another transferable skill many employers value.

Promotes you over other job seekers

Many job seekers submit generic cover letters. These follow the typical format of highlighting their accomplishments, skills, and qualifications. In contrast, a career change cover letter allows you to tell a compelling story that sets you apart from other job seekers.

Here's a step-by-step guide to writing a career change cover letter:

Introduce yourself

Start with an opening that grabs the hiring manager's interest. Hook them with a question, fact, statistic, or brief story related to the new field. Mention your current and desired position. Here's an example:

Have you ever had a moment where a small spark ignited a newfound passion within you? I certainly did when I stumbled upon a data analysis project within my marketing role. After that, I began to see beyond the surface-level metrics. I used data analysis to uncover insights that made a huge impact on our company's marketing strategy. Discovering my passion for data analysis was the catalyst for my transition from a marketing specialist to an aspiring data analyst.

Explain why you want to make a career change

Discuss your reasons for switching careers. Highlight your genuine interest and how it aligns with your long-term goals. Here's an example:

A genuine passion for using data to provide valuable insights and make impactful decisions has fueled my journey toward a career in data analytics. I honed this passion during my time in marketing. Transitioning to this field aligns perfectly with my long-term goal of mastering data analysis while embracing new challenges for continuous growth.

Demonstrate understanding of the company

Mention your potential employer's specific projects, company values, or aspects of the role that resonate with you. Explain how your skills and experience can contribute to the organization's success. Here's a short example:

I'm particularly drawn to your company's projects that use data analytics to improve the quality of life in local communities. With my marketing background and experience in implementing data-driven solutions, I'm confident I can contribute to the company's efforts to promote a sustainable future.

Show why you are a good match

Don't repeat information from your resume. Instead, provide more details on specific achievements that prove your transferable skills. Consider this example:

One achievement I'm proud of and that demonstrates my fit for the role is spearheading a marketing campaign that increased participation in our local community's recycling program by 30%. By analyzing demographic data, I was able to target a younger audience that was more likely to take action. The project's success underscores my communication skills, analytical thinking, and ability to work with a team.

Showcase transferable skills

Highlight transferable skills that are valuable in your desired field. Measure your achievements using numbers or percentages to demonstrate impact. The previous example already demonstrates this.

Mention relevant professional development

Talk about training and certifications you have that relate to your target position. These show commitment to your new career and can strengthen your application. Here's an example:

In the past year, I have taken steps to prepare for a career in data analytics. I earned a CompTIA Net+ certification and Microsoft Certified: Power BI Data Analyst Associate designation. These have provided me with a solid foundation and practical skills in data analytics.

Conclude on a positive note

Restate your interest in the position and the company. Express your eagerness to discuss your qualifications further. Don't forget to thank the hiring manager for their time. Here's an example:

I am genuinely excited about the opportunity to join your team and contribute to the meaningful work GreenTech Solutions is doing. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to speaking with you soon to discuss my qualifications in greater detail.

You can use the examples below to craft your cover letter.

Career change cover letter examples for an early career professional

Transitioning from education to human resources

Here's a cover letter for your reference.

Juan dela Cruz

123 Mabini Street

San Antonio Village

Makati City

Metro Manila 1234

Philippines

[email protected]

+639171234567

25 April 2024

Ms. Maria Santos

ABC Corporation

456 Ayala Avenue

Metro Manila

1234 Philippines

Dear Ms Santos,

As an educator, my focus is on fostering growth and development in my students. This has led me to discover a passion for supporting individuals in their professional journeys, which is why I am writing to express my interest in the HR coordinator position at your organization.

During my time teaching, I developed my communication and conflict-resolution skills. These, combined with my genuine interest in helping others thrive, make me well-suited for the role. I am particularly drawn to your company's commitment to employee development and creating a positive workplace culture.

I am excited about the prospect of working in your HR department and leveraging my background in education to make meaningful contributions. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experiences align with the needs of ABC Corporation.

Transitioning from sales to marketing

Here's an email cover letter for your reference.

Subject: Juan dela Cruz for Marketing Coordinator

In my time in sales, I have developed a keen understanding of customer needs and strategic relationship-building. Now, I am eager to transition into marketing, where I can leverage my sales experience to create compelling campaigns and drive brand engagement.

Throughout my career, I have consistently exceeded targets by cultivating client relationships, analyzing market trends, and applying various marketing strategies. My experiences have equipped me with valuable communication and problem-solving skills that I am eager to apply in the marketing coordinator role at ABC Corporation.

I am drawn to your company's innovative approaches to marketing. I am excited about the opportunity to bring my unique perspective and skill set to your team and contribute to the company's continued success. Thank you for considering my application. I am enthusiastic about the possibility of joining ABC Corporation and discussing my qualifications in an interview.

Career change cover letter example for a mid-career professional

Transitioning from engineering to finance

Here's a cover letter that can serve as your guide.

As a seasoned mechanical engineer who has spent years unraveling the complexities of systems and structures, I have developed a curiosity for dissecting intricate puzzles. The financial markets offer a unique challenge that has captured my interest for some time. After dabbling in investing for several years, I have decided to pursue a new career in finance.

Throughout my career, I have developed skills in data analysis, problem-solving, and critical thinking. Combined with my passion for numbers and financial markets and my recently obtained bachelor's degree in finance, these skills make me well-suited for a role as a financial analyst. I am particularly drawn to your company's innovative approach to financial services and your commitment to delivering value to clients.

Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the opportunity to bring my skills and experiences to your team and contribute to ABC Corporation’s success in the industry.

Transitioning from healthcare to technology

Here's a cover letter email sample to try.

Subject: Juan dela Cruz for Product Manager

I am writing to apply for the product manager position at ABC Corporation. With a background in healthcare and a passion for technology, I am eager to transition into the tech industry and contribute to your company's innovative projects.

In my years in healthcare administration, I have honed my skills in project management, stakeholder collaboration, and problem-solving. These abilities, along with my interest in technology and product development, make me a good fit for the product manager role at ABC Corporation. Your company's cutting-edge solutions and commitment to improving the lives of users have drawn my attention. I believe I can be a valuable asset to your team.

Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the opportunity to leverage my skills and experiences in healthcare to drive success in the technology sector with your company.

Warm regards,

Changing careers offers a chance to pursue a more fulfilling path. With confidence and the right approach, finding a job in a new field or industry is an achievable goal.

A compelling cover letter can boost your chances of securing an interview. Make sure to create an interesting introduction and highlight your transferable skills in your letter. Show you're the right person for the role by emphasizing your relevant skills, experience, and qualifications. A change in career is possible through the support of the right cover letter.

Here are answers to questions about this topic.

• How can I address a career gap in my cover letter? ⁠ Focus on the transferable skills you gained from your previous roles. Highlight relevant courses and certifications you completed to show you're a great match for the position.
• Is it okay to mention salary expectations in a cover letter? ⁠ No. The cover letter is a place to showcase your relevant skills, experience, and qualifications for the role.
• Should I tailor my cover letter for every single application? ⁠ Yes. This makes your letter more personal and memorable to hiring managers.
• How long should a cover letter typically be? ⁠ Keep your cover letter to one page or between 250 and 450 words.
• What format should I use for writing a cover letter? ⁠ Your cover letter should include an introduction, body, and conclusion. If you're submitting a hard copy, include a heading with your contact information and the company's details. You can omit this if you're sending an email.
• Is it acceptable to use a generic cover letter template? ⁠ Yes. A template ensures that you include all the necessary information in your letter. But make sure to personalize it for each application.
• What are some common cover letter mistakes to avoid? ⁠ Don't repeat the information in your resume, brag about yourself, or exceed one page. Also, remember to check for any grammar or spelling mistakes.
• How can I use my cover letter to overcome the lack of direct industry experience? ⁠ Much like addressing gaps in your resume , focus on your transferable skills and any relevant training you completed.
• How do I conclude a cover letter for a career change to ensure it stands out? ⁠ Restate your interest in the position and express your desire to discuss your qualifications further. Stand out by ensuring you maintain a professional yet friendly tone throughout.
• What is the best way to address employment gaps when changing careers? ⁠ Provide context for employment gaps by sharing what you were doing during this time. If you're changing careers, you may say you were exploring your options or taking time to develop relevant skills .

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How to write a leave request email (with examples)

You’ve been saving up your annual leave days and you’re ready to take off on that long-awaited holiday. Or maybe you’re having a baby and you’re planning some parental time off. Before you do anything else, there’s one important thing to cross off your to-do list: put in your request for a leave of absence. 

It might sound simple enough, but the way you request your leave can have a big impact on how your employer perceives the request and responds to it. A well-written leave application email submitted with plenty of advance notice is a reflecion of your professionalism and your respect for your employer and colleagues. 

Learn the correct format and content to include in your leave request, to make sure it is clear and appropriately detailed. Read our sample letters and templates, tailored to different types of leave requests, and use them as a practical reference to help you draft your own. Get ready to write a leave letter to an employer that ticks all the boxes for professional courtesy.

What is a request for leave email?

A request for leave email is an email you send your manager asking to take time off from work. It outlines your need to be absent from duties for a specific period and should clearly state the reason for your leave, the dates you plan to be away and, depending on the type of role you have, how you might manage work responsibilities during this time. 

Australian employees get minimum entitlements for different types of paid leave:

• Annual leave: used for any type of leisure time off. Annual leave is usually planned and scheduled weeks or months in advance.
• Sick leave: for when you’re not well enough to perform your duties. Sick leave is unplanned and may require a doctor's note, depending on your employer's policy. Mental health days fall under sick leave, as does carer’s leave, when you need to take care of a sick family member.
• Compassionate leave:  or bereavement leave is to take time off after the death of a loved one.
• Parental leave:  paid and unpaid parental leave when having a baby or adopting a child under 16. 
• Long-service leave: an extended period of time off for employees who have been with the same company for seven to 10 years.
• Community service leave:  for jury duty or an emergency management activity. 
• Family and domestic violence leave:  to attend to matters related to family and domestic violence.

How to write a request for leave email

Before you confirm any personal plans, it’s best to wait until your leave is approved. Writing a polite request for leave email is a handy professional skill to have. Here are the steps to take when writing an email to request leave:

• Start your email by addressing it to the appropriate person. This is usually your direct supervisor or the HR department, depending on your company's policies. Use a polite greeting such as "Dear [Manager's Name]" or "Hello [HR Department's Name]" .
• Clearly state the purpose of your email at the beginning. Specify the type of leave you are requesting (annual, sick, carer’s, etc.) and the exact dates of your planned absence.
• If your leave requires documentation, such as a doctor's note for sick or medical leave, mention that you have attached this to the email. 
• You may opt to include some assurance in your email that you will finalise any major projects before your leave, or hand over important tasks to a colleague. Whether you include this is dependent on your workplace culture and your role at the company.  
• End your email with a professional closing, such as "Best regards" or "Sincerely," followed by your name. 
• Before sending the email, take a moment to proofread it for any spelling or grammatical errors . 

Remember to keep a polite tone and state your request concisely to minimise the potential for misunderstandings.

Tips for writing an email requesting leave

Writing a successful email to request leave requires more than just stating your need for time off. Here are some tips to help you out.

Understand the deadlines and procedures for proper submission

Before drafting your email, refer to your company's leave policies. Check the deadlines for submitting leave requests, especially for planned absences like annual leave, when you likely have to provide a certain amount of advance notice. If your request comes too late, it may not be approved. 

Following organisation-specific guidelines

Different organisations have different guidelines for requesting leave. You might have to use a particular format for your leave email or you may have to submit a leave request through a portal like Workday. Familiarise yourself with your company’s guidelines, so that your request has the best chances of being approved.

Customise your email

Tailor your email to reflect the specific type of leave you are requesting. For instance, a sick leave request is usually more urgent and requires less detail about the absence. A parental leave request email will need more detail around paid and unpaid leave. A request for annual leave might need to be submitted months in advance if it’s around the time of a major seasonal holiday.

Maintain a polite and professional tone

Even if the reason for your leave is personal, maintain a polite and professional tone. Be honest about your reason for taking leave, but limit how much personal information you share, keeping details relevant and appropriate.

Address potential concerns 

While you are fully entitled to your allotted days off, if you’re taking a long period of annual leave, try to mitigate coworker stress by anticipating any potential concerns your absence might cause and addressing them in your email. This could involve offering to provide handover notes for your key responsibilities or committing to finalise major jobs before you leave.  

Request for leave application format

When you need to write a letter of leave from work, using a well-organised and easy-to-read format is essential. This ensures that you include all necessary information and present your request in a way that is easy for your employer to reference in future. Below is a template for a leave letter that can be adapted to various types of leave requests.

Subject: [Type of leave] request 

Dear [Manager’s/Supervisor's name],

I am writing to request [type of leave, e.g., annual, sick, personal, carer’s] leave from [start date] to [end date]. 

[In the second sentence you may provide a small amount of detail, if you feel it is necessary.]

I will ensure that all my current tasks are up to date before my leave begins and will provide handover notes for my duties. [Optional] I have attached [any necessary documentation, e.g., medical certificate, if applicable] to this email for your reference.

Please let me know if there are any concerns or if further information is required.

[Your full name]

[Your position]

[Your contact information]

Request for leave letter example

While the above example is a generic letter that can be tailored to any type of leave, here are more specific examples for a leave request letter you can use for inspiration for your own email.

Personal leave request example

Subject: Personal leave request 

Dear Chris,

I am writing to request compassionate leave from 14 March to 15 March due to a death in the family. [Colleague’s name] will take care of my most urgent projects while I’m away. I have also prepared notes and instructions to assist the team.

I appreciate your understanding and support during this time.

Sick leave request example

Subject: Sick leave notification 

I’m writing to let you know that I will be taking a sick day today due to illness [11/10/24]. I anticipate being able to return to work tomorrow, but will confirm early tomorrow morning. 

Annual leave request email example

Subject: Annual leave request 

I would like to request annual leave from 23/6 to 1/8 for an overseas holiday.  

I will ensure that all my major projects for the month are complete before I leave, and will provide notes for the team to refer to during my absence. 

Carer's leave sample letter

Subject: Carer’s Leave Request 

I am writing to inform you that unfortunately an immediate family member is unwell and I will need to take carer’s leave from tomorrow (3/4). I anticipate being able to return to work by Friday (5/4).

Please let me know how I can assist with handing over my duties to the team temporarily.

Why is a request for leave email important?

In a professional setting, the way you communicate your need for leave is just as important as the leave itself. Here are some reasons why it’s worth getting right. 

Ensures a smooth transition

By providing specific dates for your leave, as well as arrangements for covering your responsibilities, you help your manager prepare for your absence. This minimises disruptions to the team ensures your duties can be done while you’re away.

Minimises misunderstandings

Your leave request email should make the details of your absence clear: the dates, whether it’s paid or unpaid, and if you will be providing any documentation. It sets clear expectations and helps your employer plan accordingly. 

Provides a documentation trail for records

A formal leave request email serves as an official record of your absence. This is important for both you and your employer, as it ensures that your leave is accounted for and managed in line with company policies. 

Complies with organisational policies

Many organisations have specific policies and legal requirements regarding employee leave. A formal leave request email ensures that you are complying with these policies. 

Provides necessary details for successful leave approval

A leave request email should include all the necessary details required for your employer to approve and record your leave. This includes the type of leave, the duration, the reason (if appropriate), and potentially how your responsibilities will be managed in your absence. Providing all this information upfront increases the likelihood of a smooth approval process.

If your job requires you to write a leave request email when you take time off, bookmark this page so you can refer back to the template whenever the need arise. Customise it to your situation, keep a polite tone, proofread it, and send it off with the appropriate amount of advance notice, and you will have mastered an important component of professional etiquette.  

What information should I include in my leave letter?

In your leave letter, you should include the type of leave you are requesting (such as annual, sick, personal or carer’s leave), the specific dates of your planned absence, a brief reason for your leave and any supporting documentation. This information ensures that your manager has a clear understanding of your needs and can prepare for your absence.

How should I state the reason for my leave request? 

The reason for your leave request should be stated clearly but concisely. For personal or annual leave, a brief mention of the reason (like travel or personal commitments) is all that is needed. For sick leave, include a general statement about your health condition without going into too much detail. Always maintain a professional tone and only share details that are necessary and relevant.

What level of detail is necessary in a leave letter? 

The level of detail in a leave letter should be enough to convey your request clearly without oversharing personal information. Include specific dates, the type of leave and a brief reason for your absence. If you have made arrangements to cover your work, mention this as well. The goal is to provide enough information for your employer to understand and process your request efficiently.

How much notice should I give before requesting leave?

The amount of notice you should give before requesting leave depends on the type of leave and your company's policy. For annual leave, it helps to give as much notice as possible, up to months in advance. For sick leave or emergencies, give notice as soon as you can. Failing to call or email before a certain time when you are sick can be recorded as a ‘no show’ or unauthorised absence, which could result in a verbal or written warning. Always refer to your company's leave policy to comply with any specific requirements.

What should I do if my leave request is denied?

If your leave request is denied, you can ask for a meeting or a discussion with your supervisor or HR to clarify any issues. Depending on the reason, you might be able to negotiate alternative dates or make adjustments to your request. Always remain professional and explore different options to address both your needs and your company’s requirements.

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How to Write the Best Follow-Up Email After the Interview

Learn how to write the best follow-up email after an interview to show strong interest, reinforce your qualifications, and leave a lasting impression on potential employers.

Posted August 25, 2024

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Table of Contents

You've nailed the interview, but your work isn't over yet. The follow-up email after an interview can be a game-changer in your job search. It's your chance to stand out, show your enthusiasm, and reinforce why you're the perfect fit for the role. But crafting the right message can be tricky. How soon should you send it? What should you include? And what if you don't hear back?

This guide will walk you through the ins and outs of writing an effective follow-up email after a physical or phone interview. We'll cover everything from timing your message to personalizing your content. You'll learn how to structure your email, what to avoid, and even how to follow up if you don't get a response. Whether you're a seasoned pro or new to the job market, these tips will help you make a lasting impression and boost your chances of landing that dream job.

Timing Your Follow-Up Email

When to send the follow-up email.

The timing of your follow-up email can make a significant difference in how it's received. Ideally, you should send a thank you email within 24 hours of your interview . This shows your enthusiasm and keeps you fresh in the interviewer's mind. Some experts even suggest sending it within a couple of hours after the interview to display urgency and confirm your interest level.

How Soon is Too Soon?

While promptness is appreciated, you don't want to appear overeager. Waiting a few hours after your job interview before sending the email allows the interviewer to digest everything you said. If you didn't get a chance to ask about the decision-making timeline during the interview, it's acceptable to inquire about it in your thank you email.

What if You Don't Hear Back?

If you haven't received a response after a week, whether from your interviewer or hiring manager, it's appropriate to send another follow-up email. This is a chance to reiterate your interest and ask for an update on the hiring process. Remember, it's not uncommon for candidates to not receive an immediate response. Hiring processes can take time, and decisions may not be made immediately after a job interview.

If you still don't hear back after two weeks, you might consider sending another email. You could include additional questions that came to mind after the interview, which can serve as a natural way to re-engage the interviewer. However, always maintain a professional and patient demeanor, as delays are not uncommon in the recruitment process.

The Importance of Post-Interview Follow-Up

Following up after an interview is a crucial step in your job search journey. It's not just about good manners; it's a strategic move that can significantly impact your chances of landing the job. You must pay attention to every detail that is crucial – from your subject line to crafting your thank you note. Let's explore why post-interview follow-up is so important and how it can benefit you.

Impact on Hiring Decisions

A thoughtful follow-up email can have a positive influence on the hiring decision. It demonstrates your continued enthusiasm and engagement with the process, which hiring managers often view favorably. While it may not directly secure you the job, it can certainly set you apart from other candidates, especially if the decision is a close call. Remember, when a hiring manager interviews multiple candidates in a day, your follow-up can help you stand out in their mind .

Demonstrating Professionalism

Following up shows your professionalism and attention to detail. It's an opportunity to express gratitude for the interviewer's time and reiterate your interest in the position. A well-crafted thank-you note or email within 24-48 hours of the interview is considered good follow-up etiquette. This simple act can leave a strong final impression and showcase your communication skills.

Staying Top-of-Mind

By following up, you keep yourself at the forefront of the hiring manager's mind. It's a chance to reinforce why you're the best fit for the role and to highlight key qualifications discussed during the interview. You can even share additional thoughts or ideas that came to you after the interview, showing that you're still actively thinking about how you can contribute to the company.

Remember, following up shouldn't hurt your chances if done right. In fact, it can often help by demonstrating your continued interest and motivation. Just be sure to keep your follow-ups concise, professional, and not too frequent to avoid appearing pushy.

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How to Write a Compelling Thank You Email

Writing a compelling thank you email is a good practice that shows strong interest and professionalism. In the email body, if you’re trying to look for the right words to say, just think of a way to express genuine gratitude and reiterate your enthusiasm for the opportunity.

Personalization Tips

To make your thank you email stand out, personalization is key. Address the interviewer by name, using the name they preferred during the interview. Reference a specific topic or detail from your conversation to show you were attentive and engaged. For instance, you could mention an interesting subject discussed or a personal anecdote shared by the interviewer. This personal touch demonstrates your attention to detail and genuine interest in the role.

Addressing Interview Highlights

Begin your thank you note by expressing gratitude for the interviewer's time and consideration. Next, briefly summarize why you're excited about the job role and how your skills align with the position. Identify a problem or opportunity discussed during the interview, and highlight how your experience can address it. This approach not only reinforces your interest in the role but also shows that you're focused on providing value to the company as they process forward with their hiring decisions.

Showcasing Enthusiasm

To showcase your enthusiasm, reaffirm your interest in the position and the company. Share your thoughts on a specific aspect of the conversation that you found particularly interesting. You could also include a relevant article or resource related to a topic discussed during the interview. Conclude by expressing your eagerness to continue the hiring process, either by restating the next steps discussed or inquiring about them. Remember, your email should be concise, sincere, and sent within 24 hours of your interview.

How to Follow Up After No Response

Appropriate waiting periods.

When you don't receive a response after an interview, it's crucial to time your follow-up correctly. If the interviewer provided a timeline, respect it and wait for the specified period to pass. In cases where no timeline was given, wait at least a week, but no more than two weeks, before following up. This allows for unexpected delays in the hiring process while showing your continued interest.

Crafting a Polite Reminder

When crafting your follow-up email, keep it brief and professional. Start with a clear subject line, such as " Follow up - [Your Name] / [Job Title] ". In the body, express your continued interest in the position and politely ask for an update on the hiring process. Offer to provide any additional information if needed. Here's a sample template:

Subject line: Follow-Up on [Position Title] Interview

Dear [Interviewer's Name],

I hope this message finds you well. I wanted to thank you for the chance to interview for the [Job Title] role on [Interview Date]. It was great to learn more about [Company Name] and the team.

I’m excited about the possibility of joining [Company Name] and working on [specific project or team]. After our chat, I’m even more confident that my [mention a relevant skill or experience] would be a good fit for the role.

I’d appreciate any updates on the hiring process or next steps. Please let me know if you need any more information from me.

Thanks again for your time. I’m looking forward to the possibility of working with you.

[Your Name]

When Should You Move On?

If you don't receive a response after two follow-up attempts, it's time to consider moving on. Send a final, polite email restating your interest but acknowledging that the company may have moved forward with other candidates. Use this as an opportunity for self-reflection and growth. Consider asking for interview feedback if possible, and continue applying for other relevant positions. Remember, lack of response often indicates the company is no longer considering you for the role. While disappointing, it's best to redirect your energy towards new opportunities.

How to Personalize Your Follow-Up Email

Referencing specific interview points.

To make your follow-up email stand out, add a personal touch by referencing something you and your interviewer bonded over during your conversation. This could be a shared hobby or a detail they revealed about their life outside of work. Briefly mentioning this shows you were attentive and helps reinforce the connection.

For example, you might say, " Hope you had a nice trail run this morning! " or " I was just reading about a new wood-burning technique – thought you might be interested ".

Addressing Company Needs

Use the main body of your email to clearly state why you're following up and address the company's needs. Reiterate your interest in the position and explain how your skills align with the role. Identify a problem or opportunity discussed during the interview and reinforce how your experience can address it. This approach demonstrates that you're focused on providing value to the company.

To further personalize your email, include additional resources like links to recent articles, case studies, or data that emphasize your case. This proactive approach can help you gain a competitive edge and build brand awareness. Remember to keep your email concise and professional, sending it within a couple of hours after the interview to display urgency and confirm your interest level.

Structuring Your Follow-Up Email

Opening lines.

To start your follow-up email effectively, use a clear and concise opening line that immediately reminds the recipient of your previous interaction. You could begin with phrases like " I wanted to circle back on our previous conversation regarding... " or " This is a follow-up to my previous email ". These opening lines help jog the recipient's memory and set the context for your message.

Body Content

In the body of your email, keep your message brief and focused. Personalize the content by referencing specific points from your previous interaction, showing that you were attentive and engaged. If you're following up on a previous email, consider replying to the original message and removing yourself from the recipient list to provide full context. This approach saves the recipient from searching for the original email and ensures they have all the necessary information.

Closing Remarks

Your email closing is crucial as it's the last thing the recipient reads, potentially impacting their response. Structure your closing with four key elements: a closing line, a sign-off, your name, and your signature. For the closing line, you might use phrases like " Thank you for your attention to this matter " or " I look forward to hearing from you again ". Follow this with an appropriate sign-off such as " Best regards " or " Sincerely ," depending on the level of formality required. Remember to include your full name and, if appropriate, your email signature with relevant contact information.

How to Write an Interview Follow-Up Email After 2 Weeks

Crafting your message.

When two weeks have passed since your interview, it's appropriate to send a follow-up email. This approach can help you get an update on your application and demonstrate your continued interest in the position. Research shows that follow-up emails generally have better open and response rates than initial emails. In fact, emails with at least one follow-up achieve an average response rate of 27%, compared to 16% for those without.

When crafting your message, keep it brief and focused. Begin by expressing your continued interest in the position and the company. Reference specific points from your job interview to show you were attentive and engaged. It's also important to acknowledge that decision-making takes time and that you're not trying to rush the process.

Sending a 2nd Follow-Up Email Sample

Here's a sample second follow-up email template:

Subject line: Follow-Up on [Job Title] Interview

I hope this email finds well. I understand you’re busy, and I appreciate the time you've already given to my application.

I’m reaching out to follow up on our [Job Title] interview from [Interview Date]. I’m still very excited about the chance to join [Company Name] and contribute to your team.

I know these decisions can take time, and I want to respect your process. However, I remain very interested in the role and would appreciate any updates on my application or the next steps.

If you need any more information or documents from me, please let me know.

Thanks again for your time. I look forward to hearing from you and hopefully joining the [Company Name] team.

Remember, the key is to be polite, concise, and professional in your follow-up email. In your message, briefly express your gratitude for the opportunity and your continued interest in the role. Mention the interview process and your enthusiasm for the next steps. If you had a chance to meet with the hiring manager during the first interview, reference your discussion and how it reinforced your interest in the position.

Keeping your follow-up email clear and to the point will help you stay top of mind as the hiring team moves forward with their decision.

Follow-Up Email After Interview Sample Template

We have provided two follow-up email templates that you can use below: Follow-Up Email Template #1

Subject line : Thank you for the [Job Title] interview - [Your Name]

Dear [Interviewer Name],

Thank you for discussing the [Job Title] role with me. I enjoyed learning about [mention something specific from the interview]. I am very interested in the opportunity and believe my skills in [mention relevant experience] would greatly benefit your team.

Please let me know if there's any other information I can provide to assist in your decision-making process.

Thank you again for the opportunity.

Sincerely yours,

Follow-Up Email Template #2

Subject line: Thank You for the Interview

Thank you for spending time to speak with me about the [Job Title] role. It was a pleasure to meet you and learn more about the job.

I’m very excited about the chance to join [Company Name], especially after hearing about the upcoming [Special Project]. I’m eager to contribute to the project management and apply my experience in coordinating cross-functional projects.

Our conversation made me confident that my marketing background and interest in brand growth make me a good fit for this role. If you need any more information or work samples from me, just let me know. I look forward to hearing from you.

Best regards,

Common Follow-Up Email Mistakes to Avoid

Being too pushy.

While following up is crucial, it's important not to bombard your audience with a constant flow of emails. A study found that it takes eight touchpoints to get a prospect to conversion. However, striking the right balance is key. Consistent contact is essential, but send the right amount at the right time to avoid appearing overly aggressive.

Sending Generic Messages

One common mistake is not personalizing your follow-up emails. Using a generic greeting like "To Whom It May Concern" can make your email seem impersonal. Instead, address the email to a specific person whenever possible. Tailor your message to the company's needs and reference specific points from your previous interaction to show you were attentive and engaged.

Overlooking Proofreading

Proofreading is crucial for maintaining professionalism. Grammatical errors, typos, and incorrect syntax can create a negative impression and make you appear careless. Always proofread your emails before sending them. Pay close attention to punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure. If possible, have a colleague review your email to ensure it's error-free and conveys your message clearly and concisely.

What NOT to Put in Your Follow-Up Email

When crafting your follow-up email after a job interview, it's crucial to avoid certain pitfalls that could harm your chances of landing the job. Here are some key things to steer clear of:

• Pushy or demanding language : Avoid pressuring the hiring manager for an immediate response. Remember, the decision-making process takes time.
• Excessive personal information : Keep your email professional and focused on the job opportunity. Avoid sharing unnecessary personal details.
• Errors or typos : Always proofread your email carefully. Spelling mistakes or grammatical errors can create a negative impression.
• Lengthy messages : Keep your follow-up email concise and to the point. A brief, well-crafted message is more likely to be read and appreciated.
• Inappropriate timing : Don't send your follow-up immediately after leaving the job interview. Wait at least 24 hours before sending your email.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you'll increase your chances of making a positive impression and moving forward in the recruitment process.

Mastering the art of follow-up emails after an interview can have a significant impact on your job search success . By timing your message well, personalizing your content, and striking the right balance between enthusiasm and professionalism, you can leave a lasting impression on potential employers. Remember to keep your emails concise, error-free, and focused on how you can add value to the company.

While a well-crafted follow-up email won't guarantee you the job, it can certainly set you apart from other candidates and show your continued interest in the position . Whether you're sending a thank-you note or checking in after a period of silence, the key is to be respectful, genuine, and proactive. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you'll be well-equipped to navigate the post-interview communication process with confidence and increase your chances of landing that dream job.

What should be included in a follow-up email after an interview?

• In your follow-up email, express your appreciation for the interview opportunity, reiterate your interest in the position, and highlight any key points or discussions from the interview. Mention your qualifications and how they align with the role's requirements. Offer to provide additional information if needed.

How long should I wait to send a follow-up email after an interview?

• It's advisable to send your follow-up email within 24 to 48 hours after the interview. If specific timelines were discussed during the interview (e.g., the employer mentioned a decision timeline), adjust your follow-up accordingly to show that you are respectful and attentive to those details.

What is the appropriate way to inquire about the outcome of an interview?

• Craft a polite and concise follow-up email. Address it to the interviewer, thanking them for the opportunity, and inquire about the status of your application. Ensure to personalize the email with details from your interview to remind them of your conversation.

Is it appropriate to send a follow-up email after an interview?

• Yes, sending a follow-up email is recommended. It demonstrates your enthusiasm for the position, professionalism, and courtesy. The follow-up should thank the interviewer for the opportunity, express your continued interest, and recap any important aspects of your interview discussion.

What are some key tips for writing a follow-up email?

• When writing your follow-up email, keep it professional and brief. Personalize the email by referencing specific details discussed during the interview. Highlight how your skills and experiences align with the job's requirements and the company's goals. Lastly, ensure to proofread your email before sending it to avoid any errors.

Preparing for consulting interviews? Here are some additional resources to help:

• How to Nail “Tell Me About a Time…” Interview Questions

The Ultimate 2024 Consulting Interview Prep Guide

• How to Answer the "Why BCG?" Behavioral Interview Question

How to Answer "Tell Me About Yourself" in Consulting Interviews

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More From Forbes

3 tips for including internship experience in a cover letter.

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How to stand out from the crowd as a new grad with internship experience

If you are a fresh graduate looking for a new job, a cover letter can help paint a helpful context of who you are and why you would be an excellent fit for the company. For seasoned professionals with considerable career milestones, resumes are often adequate to show their skillsets and how they would perform at a new job. Indicators like the type of company, pace of promotion, and scope of responsibilities paint a picture for the hiring managers of how they can expect the candidate to perform even before the interviews.

The good news for new graduates is that they are on an even playing field as they embark on a new career path with their peers. The downside is the need for additional information for the candidate to stand out from the crowd. Internship experience can be an advantage if leveraged and narrated correctly. When a company hires a new graduate, it knows the lack of experience and proof points to consider in the candidate. They are therefore looking for genuine interest, willingness to learn, and potential in new grads. If you have internship experience, including them in your cover letter is an excellent opportunity to feature these qualities. Here are a few tips on how to do this best.

Showcase Your Decision-making Process

One risk of hiring new graduates is that they may quit quickly if they find that the industry or the job function is not what they expected. If you have interned at a similar company, you can explain how that experience solidified your interest in the field and helped you narrow down the jobs you are genuinely interested in. By discussing your decision-making process and how the internship provided real-life perspective, you can demonstrate that you are a knowledgeable decision-maker rather than someone who is simply influenced by outside perspectives.

On the other hand, if you interned in an entirely different industry and position, you can use this experience to demonstrate that you discovered what you truly want to pursue. Highlight the positive lessons learned during the internship and avoid speaking negatively about past opportunities. The crucial point is to showcase what you gained from the experience and how it has strengthened your interest in the current company and role.

Be Truthful About The Scope Of Your Experience

Internship experiences can vary widely depending on the company, from simply shadowing an employee to conducting in-depth analysis or participating in structured rotational programs. However, it's important to note that internships typically don't involve holding leadership positions or having significant decision-making authority. It's essential to be honest about your role and responsibilities during an internship, as exaggerating or misrepresenting your experience will likely be noticed by hiring managers.

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In addition, you should not disclose any confidential information about the company at any time. Keep your account of the experience brief and truthful.

Highlight Relevant Skillsets And Potential

If your previous internship provided you with the skills described in the job requirements for the position you are applying for, be sure to emphasize this and explain how you used those skills, as well as your eagerness to further develop them. For example, if you gained experience in analyzing complex datasets during your internship, highlight how you enhanced the company's training through your independent learning efforts, express your enthusiasm for the skill, and illustrate how it contributed to the team's goals to demonstrate your understanding of the practical application of your work. This can show your potential for growth, desire to learn, and proactive orientation towards your job, attributes all hiring managers seek.

When hiring recent graduates, hiring managers are aware that the candidates do not have extensive pre-existing skill sets or decision-making experience. They are hired with the expectation to learn quickly, contribute enough to offset the onboarding and training efforts, and hopefully grow within the company. Including an internship experience in your cover letter can help alleviate any concerns the hiring manager may have about your genuine interest in the company and role, and your desire to learn. It also provides a context for the kind of employee you will be, in ways a resume cannot for new grads.

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How to Request Letters of Recommendation for Grad School

• by Heidi Kerr
• June 15, 2021

As you embark on your graduate school admissions process, strong letters of recommendations are a crucial part of your applications. These reference letters are often written by individuals who are familiar with your academic work and interests. As such, they can highlight your potential for success in a graduate program and contribute significantly to your admissions application. 

Unfortunately, requesting and receiving letters of recommendation can be a lengthy process. Additionally, most graduate programs require more than one letter, so it’s important to identify a strategy, develop relationships, and establish a timeline early in your graduate school admissions process. Below we’ve outlined a few tips to help ensure strong letters of recommendations from your professors. 

Identify the right people to ask 

Your letters of recommendation should come from individuals who know you well. Ideally, these people are professors who have evaluated your work in upper-division courses or can comment on your research and professional potential . If it’s been a few years since you’ve graduated from college, it’s appropriate to ask supervisors in your career, though it’s also worth reaching out to professors you were close with as an undergrad. Regardless of who you ask, you want them to write a strong letter of recommendation, not something generic, so it is an advantage to find someone who is familiar with you, your experiences, and your goals. 

Start early and build relationships

It’s important to identify potential letter writers well in advance of the admissions process when applying to graduate school. This will give you the necessary time to build relationships that will help ensure your recommenders will provide strong letters in your favor. Create a list of five potential writers who you would like to ask for a recommendation. While most graduate programs at UC Davis require only three letters, it’s good to have backups. Focus on professors who have areas of expertise that are relevant to your graduate education interests.

Connecting with faculty members is key to securing a strong letter of recommendation. There are multiple ways to build a strong professional relationship with your professors. Consider trying the following as part of your strategy to secure a letter of recommendation: 

• Take multiple courses with the same professor 
• Attend office hours 
• Take smaller classes or seminars with the professor
• Participate regularly in class and make insightful contributions to discussions
• Join a club with faculty mentors 
• Join a professor’s research project or request to do independent research with them as your mentor 
• Attend department events and colloquia 
• Volunteer for opportunities in your department

How and when to ask

Request letters of recommendation at least one or two months in advance of your admissions deadline. It’s important to ask in a timely manner to give recommenders plenty of time to write. It’s also important to make the request personal. Ask to meet with your professor, either virtually or in person, to discuss your plans for graduate school.

Phrase your request this way: “Would you feel comfortable writing me a strong letter of recommendation for graduate school?” This will provide them with an opportunity to answer honestly if they feel they would not be a good choice. 

Make it easy for your recommenders 

Give your recommender supporting documentation about what makes you a strong candidate for graduate school. This will help them write a stronger letter. This information can include: 

• A list of institutions, programs and their deadlines
• A copy of your CV or resume
• An unofficial transcript
• A list of any awards, achievements and papers you may have published
• A copy of your admissions essays
• A statement of purpose or a few paragraphs about what you hope to gain from graduate school and your future goals

Additionally, you should check in with your letter writer as your deadline approaches to ask if they have received their letter of recommendation request and if they have any questions about submitting the recommendation online. Since many graduate school applications only accept letters of recommendations online, you will also want to explain how to submit the letter electronically. 

Send a thank you and updates

Always thank your professors for taking the time to write a letter of recommendation. A handwritten thank you note is a personal and thoughtful way to say thank you, but an email will also suffice. It’s also nice to keep your letter writers updated on your application process, especially if you’ve been admitted to the program of your choice.

Although it can be daunting to ask for these letters, remember that your professors are where they are because others wrote them letters of recommendation. They were once in the very same spot as you! Furthermore, it is an expectation of their profession that they provide letters of recommendation for the students they teach.

For more information on how to prepare for graduate school, visit the UC Davis Office of Educational Opportunity and Enrichment Services . 

Tips for International Applicants

• Explain to your recommender that letters of recommendation should be written in English.  
• Since there may be firewalls or other technology barriers that block individuals from receiving email outside of their organization, ask for the recommender’s personal email address as a backup. 

Special thanks to Josephine Moreno, Ph.D., Graduate Diversity Officer for the Humanities, Arts, Social Science, and Education programs, for her contributions to this article.

Heidi Kerr works as the content and media manager at UC Davis’ Graduate Studies. She has worked as a communications professional at multiple higher education institutions and is passionate about promoting student success.

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How to Write a Cybersecurity Resume: Tips + Career Progression Ebook

Crafting a strong cybersecurity resume can be challenging, especially in a dynamic and competitive field like this one. Your resume must reflect your technical skills, achievements, and passion for cybersecurity .

This guide will walk you through some key tips and strategies to help your resume stand out, get noticed, and convince potential employers that you're the right fit for the job.

General tips for your resume

When it comes to writing your resume, think of it as your personal marketing tool. You want to make a strong impression and clearly communicate your value to potential employers.

Start with a clean, professional layout that makes it easy for hiring managers to read. Use consistent formatting, such as bullet points and headings, to organize your information logically. Keep your resume concise—ideally, one page for entry-level positions and no more than two pages for experienced candidates.

Here are some other tips:

• Tailor your resume for each job application: Use keywords from the job description and adjust your experience and skills section to highlight the most relevant aspects of your background. This will help hiring managers see how you’re a fit for the role.
• Quantify your achievements: Whenever possible, use numbers to describe your achievements. For example, if you’ve implemented a system that improved network efficiency by 20% or resolved 50+ technical issues weekly, these specifics help potential employers see the value you bring.

Cybersecurity resume tips

Your resume should demonstrate your ability to protect and secure information systems and your knowledge of the latest security protocols. Here’s how to craft a resume specifically for a cybersecurity role:

Focus on security-specific skills and tools

Cybersecurity requires a specific set of skills. Highlight your expertise in areas like threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and incident response. List the tools and software you’re proficient in, such as SIEM systems, firewalls, and encryption technologies.

Mention your experience in protecting systems and data

Detail any experience you have in securing networks, data, and systems. Whether you’ve conducted security audits, managed security operations, or responded to incidents, this experience is crucial for a cybersecurity resume. Provide examples of how you’ve successfully protected or recovered systems from threats.

Show your understanding of regulatory compliance

Cybersecurity often involves ensuring that systems comply with regulations like GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI-DSS. If you have experience with these or other regulatory standards , be sure to include this on your resume, as it demonstrates your ability to navigate the legal aspects of cybersecurity.

Highlight certifications relevant to cybersecurity

Certifications are particularly important in cybersecurity. They demonstrate your knowledge and commitment to the field, validate your skills, and indicate that you stay current with industry standards. We'll cover more about this later.

Demonstrate your problem-solving abilities

Cybersecurity is all about solving problems before they become critical issues. Provide examples of how you’ve identified and mitigated risks, improved security protocols, or responded to threats. This shows your ability to think critically and act quickly in high-pressure situations.

Cybersecurity resume tips for various career stages

Creating a strong cybersecurity resume requires different strategies depending on your career stage. In this section, we will provide straightforward tips for three groups: entry-level candidates with limited experience, professionals looking to switch from other IT roles into cybersecurity, and experienced individuals aiming for senior positions.

Entry-level cybersecurity resume tips

Breaking into cybersecurity at the entry-level requires a strong foundation, even if you lack professional experience. Here are some tips to help your resume stand out:

Highlight relevant coursework, projects, and internships

If you’re just starting out, your education is a key asset. List relevant coursework that aligns with cybersecurity, such as network security, ethical hacking, or information assurance. Additionally, showcase any projects or internships where you applied cybersecurity concepts in real-world scenarios.

Emphasize transferable skills from other jobs or activities

Even if your previous roles weren’t in cybersecurity, many skills still apply. Problem-solving, analytical thinking, and familiarity with IT systems are all valuable in cybersecurity. Highlight these skills and explain how they can be applied to a cybersecurity role.

Consider a functional or combination resume format

If you lack direct experience, a functional or combination resume format might serve you better. These formats focus more on your skills and qualifications rather than a chronological work history, allowing you to present your capabilities more effectively.

Entry Level IT Jobs: Roles to Start Your Career

Career change resume tips.

Here’s how to present your experience if you're transitioning to cybersecurity from another IT role

E xplain your motivation for transitioning from another IT department to cybersecurity

Clearly state why you’re moving into cybersecurity. Whether it’s a passion for protecting data or an interest in the growing field, your motivation can help employers see your commitment to the new path.

Highlight transferable skills from your previous experience

Skills like network management, software development, or IT support are often directly relevant to cybersecurity roles. Focus on these transferable skills and demonstrate how they can be leveraged in a cybersecurity context.

Consider obtaining relevant certifications to demonstrate your commitment

Certifications like CompTIA Security+, CISSP, or Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) show that you’re serious about your career shift. Mention these on your resume to underscore your dedication and readiness for a cybersecurity role.

Career Development in IT: 5 Pros Weigh in

Senior cybersecurity resume tips.

For those with years of experience, your resume should reflect your expertise and leadership in the field. Here’s how to make sure it does:

Highlight your leadership experience and technical expertise

Leadership and deep technical knowledge are critical at the senior level. Highlight your experience managing teams, leading projects, and mastering complex cybersecurity technologies or protocols.

Quantify your achievements and impact on the organization

Where possible, use numbers to show your impact. Did you reduce security breaches by a certain percentage? Maybe you increased the efficiency of incident response times? Quantifying your achievements helps potential employers see the tangible benefits you’ve brought to previous roles.

Mention high-profile projects or initiatives

Senior roles often involve overseeing significant cybersecurity initiatives. Whether you led the implementation of a new security architecture or managed a response to a major threat, ensure these high-profile projects are prominent on your resume.

What Does a Cybersecurity Analyst do? Role, Certifications and Salary

Cybersecurity certifications.

Certifications play a crucial role in establishing your credibility and expertise in the cybersecurity field. They demonstrate your knowledge and show employers your commitment to staying current with industry standards. Here's an overview of some key cybersecurity certifications:

CompTIA Security+

CompTIA Security+ is an entry-level certification that covers essential security concepts. It’s ideal for those new to the field, as it provides a foundation in network security, threat management, and risk mitigation. Security+ is widely recognized and often considered a starting point for a cybersecurity career.

Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH)

CEH certification focuses on offensive security, teaching professionals how to think and act like hackers to identify vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This certification is valuable for roles like penetration tester and security analyst.

Certified Cloud Security Professional (CCSP)

With the increasing adoption of cloud services, CCSP certification is a must for professionals focused on cloud security. This certification covers cloud architecture, operations, and compliance, ensuring that certified professionals can effectively secure cloud environments.

The Best IT Certifications to Boost Your Career: Top 13 Picks

Structuring the resume: keywords, headings, and formatting.

A well-structured resume is easier for hiring managers and automated systems (like ATS) to scan, increasing your chances of landing an interview. Here’s how to format your cybersecurity resume for maximum impact:

• Use the right keywords: Employers often use applicant tracking systems (ATS) to filter resumes before they reach a human. To pass through this filter, include relevant keywords from the job description. Words like "cybersecurity," "network security," "threat detection," and specific tools or certifications should be included strategically throughout your resume.
• Effective headings: Your resume should be organized with clear, concise headings that guide the reader. Common headings include "Professional Experience," "Technical Skills," "Certifications," and "Education." Headings categorize your experience and skills, making it easier for employers to find the information.

An effective cover letter for cybersecurity roles

A well-crafted cover letter complements your resume and gives you a chance to highlight your qualifications and enthusiasm for the role. Here's how to write an effective cover letter for a cybersecurity position:

• Tailor your cover letter to the job: Each cover letter should be customized for the specific job you’re applying to. Mention the company’s name and the position title, and explain why you’re interested in working there. Connect your skills and experiences to the job description, showing how you can meet the company’s needs.
• Highlight key skills and achievements: Use your cover letter to elaborate on the most important aspects of your resume. Focus on key skills and achievements that make you a strong candidate for the role. For example, if you have experience responding to major security incidents, explain how that experience makes you well-suited for the job.
• Show enthusiasm for cybersecurity: Employers want to hire candidates who are passionate about their work. Express your enthusiasm for cybersecurity and your commitment to keeping up with industry trends and technologies. This demonstrates that you’re not just looking for a job but are genuinely interested in contributing to the field.

Keep it concise and professional: Your cover letter should be concise, typically no longer than one page. Use clear, professional language, and avoid jargon or overly complex sentences. End with a strong closing statement, reiterating your interest in the role and your willingness to discuss your application further.

Final takeaways

Your cybersecurity resume is more than just a list of past jobs and skills—it's your first opportunity to make an impression on a potential employer.

Here are some key takeaways:

• Structure your resume effectively : Use clear headings, relevant keywords, and a format that highlights your strengths.
• Show continuous learning : Demonstrate that you’re committed to staying current in the field.
• Craft a strong cover letter : Tailor it to the job, highlight key achievements, and show your passion for cybersecurity.
• Include certifications : They validate your expertise and show employers your dedication to the field.

Remember, your resume is often your first impression, so it should reflect your professionalism and attention to detail. Lastly, don’t hesitate to ask for feedback from peers or mentors; a fresh set of eyes can catch errors or suggest improvements that you might have overlooked.

Follow these steps, and you'll be well on your way to landing that cybersecurity role you're aiming for.

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• Cover Letters

How to Write a Job Application Letter (With Examples)

What Is a Job Application Letter?

Tips for writing a job application letter, how to get started.

• Writing Guidelines
• What to Include in Each Section

Simple Formatting Using a Template

Tips for writing an effective letter, sample job application letter, sending an email application, review more letter examples.

Do you need to write a letter to apply for a job? Most of the time, the answer is yes. Even when employers don’t require a job application letter , writing one will help you highlight your skills and achievements and get the hiring manager’s attention. The only time not to send one is when the job listing says not to do so. It can help, and it definitely won't hurt to include an application letter with your resume.

A job application letter, also known as a cover letter , should be sent or uploaded with your resume when applying for jobs. While your resume offers a history of your work experience and an outline of your skills and accomplishments, the job application letter you send to an employer explains why you are qualified for the position and should be selected for an interview.

Writing this letter can seem like a challenging task. However, if you take it one step at a time, you'll soon be an expert at writing application letters to send with your resume.

Melissa Ling / The Balance

Before you begin writing your job application letter, do some groundwork. Consider what information you want to include, and keep in mind that space is limited.

Remember, this letter is making a case for your candidacy for the position. But you should do more than just regurgitate your resume. Instead, highlight your most relevant skills, experiences, and abilities.

Analyze the Job Posting

To include the most convincing, relevant details in your letter, you'll need to know what the employer wants.

The biggest clues are within the job advertisement, so spend some time decoding the job listing . Next, match your qualifications with the employer's wants and needs.

Include Your Most Relevant Qualifications

Make a list of your relevant experience and skills. For instance, if the job ad calls for a strong leader, think of examples of when you've successfully led a team. Once you've jotted down some notes and have a sense of what you want to highlight in your letter, you're ready to start writing.

Writing Guidelines for Job Application Letters

Writing a job application letter is very different from a quick email to a friend or a thank-you note to a relative. Hiring managers and potential interviewers have certain expectations when it comes to the letter's presentation and appearance, from length (no more than a page) and font size to style and letter spacing . Keep these general guidelines in mind, but always stick to any explicit instructions in the job listing or application portal.

Length: A letter of application should be no more than one page long. Three to four paragraphs are typical.

Format and Page Margins: A letter of application should be single-spaced with a space between each paragraph. Use 1-inch margins and align your text to the left, which is the standard alignment for most documents.

Font: Use a traditional font such as Times New Roman, Arial, or Calibri. The font size should be between 10 and 12 points.

What to Include in Each Section of the Letter

There are also set rules for the sections included in the letter, from salutation to sign-off, and how the letter is organized. Here's a quick overview of the main sections included in a job application letter:

Heading: A job application letter should begin with both your and the employer's contact information (name, address, phone number, email), followed by the date. If this is an email rather than an actual letter, include your contact information at the end of the letter, after your signature.

•   Header Examples

Salutation: This is your polite greeting. The most common salutation is "Dear Mr./Ms." followed by the person's last name. Find out more about appropriate cover letter salutations , including what to do if you don't know the person's name or are unsure of a contact's gender.

Body of the letter: Think of this section as having three distinct parts.

In the first paragraph , you'll want to mention the job you are applying for and where you saw the job listing.

The next paragraph(s) are the most important part of your letter. Remember how you gathered information about what the employer was seeking, and how you could meet their needs? This is where you'll share those relevant details on your experience and accomplishments.

The third and last part of the body of the letter will be your thank you to the employer; you can also offer follow-up information.

Complimentary Close: Sign off your email or letter with a polite close, such as "Best," or "Sincerely," followed by your name.

• Closing Examples

Signature: When you're sending or uploading a printed letter, end with your handwritten signature, followed by your typed name. If this is an email, simply include your typed name, followed by your contact information.

• Signature Examples

Overwhelmed by all these formatting and organization requirements? One way to make the process of writing a job application easier is to use a template to create your own personalized letters. Having a template can help save you time if you are sending a lot of application letters.

Be sure that each letter you send is personalized to the company and position; do not send the same letter to different companies.

• Always write one. Unless a job posting explicitly says not to send a letter of application or cover letter, you should always send one. Even if the company does not request a letter of application, it never hurts to include one. If they do ask you to send a letter, make sure to follow the directions exactly (for example, they might ask you to send the letter as an email attachment or type it directly into their online application system).
• Use business letter format. Use a formal business letter format when writing your letter. Include your contact information at the top, the date, and the employer’s contact information. Be sure to provide a salutation at the beginning and your signature at the end.
• Sell yourself. Throughout the letter, focus on how you would benefit the company. Provide specific examples of times when you demonstrated skills or abilities that would be useful for the job, especially those listed in the job posting or description. If possible, include examples of times when you added value to a company.

Numerical values offer concrete evidence of your skills and accomplishments.

• Use keywords. Reread the job listing, taking note of any keywords (such as skills or abilities that are emphasized in the listing). Try to include some of those words in your cover letter. This will help the employer see that you are a strong fit for the job.
• Keep it brief. Keep your letter under a page long, with no more than about four paragraphs. An employer is more likely to read a concise letter.
• Proofread and edit. Employers are likely to overlook an application with a lot of errors. Read through your cover letter, and if possible, ask a friend or career counselor to review the letter. Proofread for any grammar or spelling errors.

This is a job application letter sample.  Download the letter template (compatible with Google Docs or Word Online) or read the example below.

Sample Job Application Letter (Text Version)

Elizabeth Johnson 12 Jones Street Portland, Maine 04101 555-555-5555 elizabethjohnson@emailaddress.com

August 11, 2024

Mark Smith Human Resources Manager Veggies to Go 238 Main Street Portland, Maine 04101

Dear Mr. Smith,

I was so excited when my former coworker, Jay Lopez, told me about your opening for an administrative assistant in your Portland offices. A long-time Veggies to Go customer and an experienced admin, I would love to help the company achieve its mission of making healthy produce as available as takeout.

I’ve worked for small companies for my entire career, and I relish the opportunity to wear many hats and work with the team to succeed. In my latest role as an administrative assistant at Beauty Corp, I saved my employer thousands of dollars in temp workers by implementing a self-scheduling system for the customer service reps that cut down on canceled shifts. I also learned web design and timesheet coding, and I perfected my Excel skills. 

I’ve attached my resume for your consideration and hope to speak with you soon about your needs for the role.

Best Regards,

Elizabeth Johnson (signature hard copy letter)

Elizabeth Johnson

When you are sending your letter via email include the reason you are writing in the subject line of your message:

Subject Line Example

Subject: Elizabeth Johnson – Administrative Assistant Position

List your contact information in your signature, rather than in the body of the letter:

Email Signature Example

Elizabeth Johnson 555-555-5555 email@emailaddress.com

Review more examples of professionally written cover letters for a variety of circumstances, occupations, and job types.

CareerOneStop. " How Do I Write a Cover Letter? "

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• Job Application Documents

How to Write a Job Application Letter (with Examples)

Last Updated: August 9, 2024 Fact Checked

Sample Letters

Introduction, body paragraphs, closing your letter, expert q&a.

This article was written by Shannon O'Brien, MA, EdM and by wikiHow staff writer, Aly Rusciano . Shannon O'Brien is the Founder and Principal Advisor of Whole U. (a career and life strategy consultancy based in Boston, MA). Through advising, workshops and e-learning Whole U. empowers people to pursue their life's work and live a balanced, purposeful life. Shannon has been ranked as the #1 Career Coach and #1 Life Coach in Boston, MA by Yelp reviewers. She has been featured on Boston.com, Boldfacers, and the UR Business Network. She received a Master's of Technology, Innovation, & Education from Harvard University. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 10,737,646 times.

So, you’ve found your dream job and want to make sure you nail the job application process. You double- and triple-check the criteria—they’re asking for a cover letter. What does that mean, and how do you write it? A cover letter or letter of application is a single page that sums up why you want and deserve the job. Think of it as an extension of your resume ; a sales pitch for why you’re the perfect candidate. We’ve put together a step-by-step guide full of examples and tips on how to write a letter of application for a job. With our help and a little finesse, you may soon be calling that dream job your own.

Things You Should Know

• Format your application letter single-spaced and in Times New Roman, Arial, or Calibri font that’s 10- to 12-point in size.
• Open your letter with an engaging and confident first paragraph that briefly includes your qualifications, where you found the job, and your overall interest in the position.
• Show your personality in the body paragraphs by describing the passions that relate to the position in 1 or 2 sentences.
• Use keywords (like leadership, communication, and detail-oriented) from the job description throughout your letter to show that you’ve done your research.

• First and last name
• Phone number
• Email address
• Personal website and/or portfolio link (if you have one)

• If you don’t know the hiring manager's name, search the company’s website or refer to the name of the individual who originally posted the job opening.
• If you’re in doubt about who to address your letter to, use “[Department] Hiring Manager.”

• If you don’t have the employer or hiring manager’s name, use a general but professional opening, “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear [Department] Hiring Manager.”

• Be short and specific in this opening paragraph—save those details for later.
• Think of your first paragraph as a sales pitch. What can you say that’ll grab their attention immediately? Is there something you have that other candidates don’t that make you more qualified for the position?
• Show the employer that you’re familiar with the company and job application by noting keywords and characteristics valued by the company.
• For example: “I write to apply for the Office Manager position at Acme Investments, Inc. I am an excellent fit for this position, as demonstrated by my extensive background in management and proven success as a corporate administrator.”

• Companies appreciate when job candidates include this information because it lets them know where people are searching for jobs.
• Only include a company contact or friend’s name if you have their permission. This way, they’ll be ready to answer any questions about you and your character later.
• You may write something like: “John Smith recommended that I get in touch with you about the general manager position at EnviroRent,” or “I came across the available position on LinkedIn and believe I am a strong candidate.”

• For instance, if the company needs someone who can lead a team and handle multiple projects at once, note what team projects you’ve led in previous positions and how you improved overall productivity.
• If you have numerical data or stats to back up your accomplishments, include them! This is your time to brag about your achievements and show how you’ve excelled in the workplace.

• Scan the job application for keywords like leadership, communication, management, and detail-oriented. Then, highlight in your letter how you have these characteristics or skills.
• Avoid embellishing any of your qualifications. Remember, an employer can always double-check the facts.
• If you’re not sure what to write, refer to your resume or CV. What have you done that matches the job description best, and how can you elaborate on it?
• For example: “In my previous role, I successfully supported an office of 100 personnel and honed my management and interpersonal skills through customer service and clerical responsibilities.”

• For instance, you could express how the company has impacted you personally and why that’s driven you to apply for the position.
• Although you want to provide details, keep it short. Stick to a 1 to 2-sentence description rather than a full-length story. Your letter should stay under 3 paragraphs.
• Here’s an example: “My passion for teaching began the summer of my sophomore year of high school when I was a camp counselor. I was given the opportunity to teach a class focusing on local plant life, and the campers’ enthusiasm cultivated my love for teaching and conservation.

• For instance, you could write, “I am excited about the possibility of working for you and your company. I would be more than happy to discuss my qualifications and Acme’s future direction in person or via video conference.”
• Keep your call to action brief and open, or provide specific dates you’d be available to meet with the employer.

• For instance, sign off with, “Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to hearing from you,” or “Thank you for considering me for this position. If you have any further questions or require additional documentation, please don’t hesitate to contact me.”

• If you’re sending your letter via email, import your signature into the document as an image or .png file.

• Always proofread and ask someone else to read over your application letter before you send it. This way, you can make sure it’s absolutely perfect and error-free. [13] X Trustworthy Source Purdue Online Writing Lab Trusted resource for writing and citation guidelines Go to source Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Keep the overall tone of the company or employer in mind while writing your letter. For instance, if you’re applying to be a journalist for a prestigious news website, match their word choice and writing style. Thanks Helpful 1 Not Helpful 0
• Be sure to customize your application letter for every job you apply to, even if they have the same qualifications. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.ferrum.edu/downloads/careers/cover-letters.pdf
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/job_search_writing/job_search_letters/cover_letters_workshop/formatting_and_organization.html
• ↑ https://icc.ucdavis.edu/materials/cover-letters
• ↑ https://hbr.org/2016/05/learn-to-love-networking
• ↑ https://hbr.org/2014/02/how-to-write-a-cover-letter
• ↑ https://www.astate.edu/dotAsset/54eb42cc-33a3-4237-a46e-3f4aaac79389.pdf

About This Article

The best way to start an application letter is to mention where you found the job opportunity and how your strengths can benefit the employer. Devote time in the body paragraphs to tell the employer more about your experience and qualifications. Explain why you’re the best candidate and finish by inviting the hiring manager to contact you. For suggestions on how to prepare your letter, and examples of what to write, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to Start a Cover Letter: 30 Creative Opening Sentences Recruiters Will LOVE

Wondering how to start a cover letter? Traditional cover letter wisdom might tell you to begin with something like, “Dear Hiring Manager, I am writing to apply for the marketing manager position with the Thomas Company.” But we say: A cookie cutter cover letter intro feels as outdated as a Hotmail address.

A cover letter is your chance to introduce yourself to a hiring manager—who you are, what you have to offer, and why you want the job—but you have an extremely limited amount of space to do it. If you really want to get noticed, you’ve got to start right off the bat with something that grabs your reader’s attention.

What do we mean? Well, we won’t just tell you, we’ll show you. Keep reading to find tips on how to start a cover letter, along with 30 creative cover letter opening lines and sentence examples.

Still looking for that perfect next role? One of these open jobs on The Muse just might be the one »

5 tips on how to start off a cover letter

Here are a few pointers to guide you as you use our example cover letter openings—we’re getting there, we promise!—to craft your own:

1. Avoid boring or overused openers

Recruiters have read cover letters that start with lines like “I’m excited to apply for the front-end engineering position,” or “Your job posting on The Muse prompted me to…” so often they could wallpaper their homes with them. While those are OK and still acceptable, you'll have a better shot at impressing potential employers with a less cliché opening line.

2. Be lively and personable

People like reading interesting, engaging stuff—the kind that paints a picture, tells a story, and maybe even makes them smile. People like it when you’re human, genuine, and memorable. So figure out something about yourself and your background that relates to the company or position you're interested in, and use that to build a connection.

3. Show what you bring the company

You’ll get more into the details after your opening paragraph, of course. But your cover letter opener should still tell the reader, “This person can do something for us,” rather than, “This job would really help them.”

4. Stick to the point

Your opener, while creative, should still be relevant to the job. Don’t begin by highlighting an unrelated accomplishment or recounting an anecdote that never connects back to why you’re applying for the job. Part of writing an effective cover letter is curating key information that relates to that specific job opportunity and shows the reader that you're a good fit for the role.

5. Don't start with “To Whom It May Concern”

Find an alternative to “ To Whom It May Concern .” Seriously, banish those five words from your cover letter vocabulary forever. Nowadays, this phrase is seen as outdated, overused, and even rude—especially when better options exist.

30 cover letter opening sentence examples

We’ve come up with 30 creative cover letter opening sentence examples and separated them by the method they use to grab the reader’s attention. We don’t recommend copying and pasting because, well, your cover letter should be unique to your stories, background, and interests.

But you can most definitely use these examples to get inspired for your next application. (If you’re looking to see what an entire cover letter might look like, check out our article on the best cover letter examples for every type of job seeker .)

Start with passion

Employers want to hire people who care about what they’re doing. If you start your cover letter off talking about your passions and how they relate to the job, you’re telling the reader that you’ll be an engaged and motivated employee who’s likely to stick around. Plus, it’s a good way to tell the company a bit about who you are as a person right off the bat. Just be honest and realistic.

If truly loving data is wrong, I don’t want to be right. It seems like the rest of the folks at [Analytics Company] feel the same way—and that’s just one of the reasons why I think I’d be the perfect next hire for your sales team.

I’ve been giving my friends and family free style advice since I was 10, and recently decided it’s time I get paid for it. That’s why I couldn’t believe it when I found an open personal stylist position at [Company].

After about three years of trying out different roles at early-stage startups around San Francisco, watching more “ find your passion “ keynotes than I’d like to admit, and assuring my parents that, yes, I actually do have a real job, I’m starting to come to terms with the fact that I’m happiest when I’m doing two things: writing great content and getting it out into the world.

The other day, I took a career assessment , which told me I should be a maritime merchant. I’m not quite sure what that is, but it did get me thinking: A role that combines my skills in business development with my lifelong passion for the ocean would be my absolute dream. Which is how I found this role at Royal Caribbean.

As a kid, I once gave up a day of a family vacation to transport an injured lizard I found by our hotel two hours each way to the nearest animal hospital (and talked my dad into driving me pre-GPS!). When I was a bit older, I found out I could care for animals every day for a living, and I’ve been working toward that goal ever since.

I am constantly checking my LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram feeds—and not because of FOMO. Because I’m someone who wholeheartedly believes in the power of sharing ideas in online communal spaces, and I’m positive that I can help spark meaningful conversations as your next social media assistant.

When I was growing up, I wanted to be one of those people who pretend to be statues on the street. Thankfully, my career goals have become a little more aspirational over the years, but I still love to draw a crowd and entertain the masses—passions that make me the perfect community manager.

Start with admiration

Companies often want to hire people who already know, love, eat, and sleep their brand. What better to kick off your cover letter than a little flattery? Of course, remember when you’re telling a company why you love it to be specific and genuine. Because while everyone likes a compliment, no one likes obvious self-serving B.S.

I pretty much spent my childhood in the cheap seats at Cubs games, snacking on popcorn and cheering on the team with my grandfather. It’s that memory that’s shaped my career—from helping to establish the sports marketing major at my university to leading a college baseball team to an undefeated season as assistant coach—and what led me to apply for this position at the Chicago Cubs.

It was Rudy, my Golden Retriever, who first inspired me to apply to your operations assistant opening—not only have we used your app to find other dogs to play with in our neighborhood, he’s really excited about the prospect of coming to work with me every day. As I learned more about how [Company] is using modern tech to help pets thrive in cities, I couldn’t help but get excited to be part of it, too.

Example 10:

When I was seven, I wanted to be the GEICO gecko when I grew up. I eventually realized that wasn’t an option, but you can imagine my excitement when I came across your events manager position, which would have me working side by side with my favorite company mascot.

Example 11:

When I attended SXSW for the first time last month, I didn’t want to leave. So I decided I shouldn’t—and immediately went to check out job openings at the company.

Example 12:

If I could make the NYC apartment rental process better for just one person, I would feel like the horrors of my recent search would all be worth it. So a customer service role at [Apartment Search Company], where I could do it every day? I can’t think of anything more fulfilling.

Example 13:

[Vacation Rental Company] is synonymous with luxury and escape, known for spaces that inspire. I’ve felt this firsthand every time I’ve stayed at one of your properties—whether I was throwing a bachelorette party or working from home in a new locale—and I would love the chance to contribute to this reputation as your destination manager.

Example 14:

I was an hour out from hosting my first big dinner party when I realized I had forgotten to pick up the white wine. In a panic, I started Googling delivery services, and that’s when I first stumbled across [Delivery Service Company]. I’ve been hooked ever since, so I couldn’t help but get excited by the idea of bringing this amazingness to nervous hosts like me as your next social media and community manager.

Example 15:

Though I’m happily employed as a marketing manager, seeing the job description for your company’s PR director position stopped me in my tracks. I’ve been wearing your glasses for many years, and have always been impressed by the way the company treats its customers, employees, and the community at large.

Example 16:

A group of us IT folks were sitting around talking about our favorite Pacific Northwest companies this morning (coincidentally, over coffee). As you might figure, Starbucks was among the first names that came up. What makes you such a standout among Seattle-based corporations? Here’s the list we compiled:

Start with accomplishments

For any given job, you’re going to be competing with a lot of other job seekers—presumably, a lot of other similarly qualified people. A great way to stand out in your cover letter is to highlight something about yourself—a character trait, an accomplishment, a really impressive skill—that’ll quickly show how you stand out.

Example 17:

My last boss once told me that my phone manner could probably defuse an international hostage situation. I’ve always had a knack for communicating with people—the easygoing and the difficult alike—and I’d love to bring that skill to your open office manager position.

Example 18:

Among my colleagues, I’m known as the one who can pick up the pieces, no matter what amount of you-know-what hits the fan. Which is why I think there’s no one better to fill this customer service leader position.

Example 19:

Last December, I ousted our company’s top salesperson from his spot—and he hasn’t seen it since. Which means, I’m ready for my next big challenge, and the sales manager role at your company is exactly what I’m looking for.

Example 20:

After spending three years managing the internal communications for a 2,000-person company, I could plan a quarterly town hall or draft an interoffice memo in my sleep. What do I want to do next? Put that experience to work as a consultant for executives looking to level up their communications strategy.

Example 21:

While you won’t find the title “community manager” listed on my resume, I’ve actually been bringing people together online and off for three years while running my own blog and series of meetups.

Example 22:

If you’re looking for someone who can follow orders and doesn’t like to rock the boat, I’m probably not the right candidate. But if you need someone who can dig into data, see what’s working (and what’s not), and challenge the status quo, let’s talk.

Example 23:

I recently relocated my family to Texas. As we neared our new home, I noticed with intrigue the many wind turbines dotting the landscape. Suddenly, it hit me: “This is the career for me.” After unloading the moving van, I promptly researched companies in this sector that may benefit most from a skilled field engineer with expert electromechanical skills. And I discovered that [Company] is where I want to be.

Example 24:

You might be wondering what a 15-year veteran of the accounting world is doing applying to an operations role at a food startup. While I agree the shift is a little strange, I know you’re looking for someone who’s equal parts foodie and financial expert, and I think that means I’m your person.

Example 25:

Over the last 10 years, I’ve built my career on one simple principle: Work smarter. I’m the person who looks for inefficient procedures, finds ways to streamline them, and consistently strives to boost the productivity of everyone around me. It’s what’s earned me three promotions in the supply chain department at my current company, and it’s what I know I can do as the new operations analyst for [Company].

Start with humor and creativity

OK, before you read any of these, we have to stamp them with a big, blaring disclaimer: Do your homework before trying anything like this—learn everything you can about the company and the hiring manager to gauge whether or not they’d appreciate some comedic relief or a bit of snark. If it seems like they would, it’s a great way to make them smile (then call you). If they don’t? Try a different approach.

Example 26:

Have you ever had your mom call five times a day asking for a status update on how your job search is going, and then sound incredulous that you haven’t made more progress since the last phone call? That’s my life right now. But I’m hoping that soon my life will revolve around being your full-time social media manager. The good news is, I bring more to the table than just an overbearing mom. Let me tell you more.

Example 27:

Thank you so much for offering me the marketing manager position at [Company]! I wholeheartedly accept. OK, I know we’re not quite there yet. But if we were, here are just a few ideas for what I would do once in the role.

Example 28:

I considered submitting my latest credit card statement as proof of just how much I love online shopping, but I thought a safer approach might be writing this cover letter and describing all the reasons I’m the one who can take [E-Commerce Company]’s business to the next level.

Example 29:

I never thought that accidentally dropping my iPhone out of a second story window would change my life (it’s a funny story—ask me about it). But thanks to my misfortune, I discovered [Phone Repair Company]—and found my dream job as an expansion associate.

Example 30:

If we were playing “Two Truths and a Lie,” I’d say: I’ve exceeded my sales quotas by at least 20% every quarter this year, I once won an international pie-eating contest, and I have an amazing job at [Company]. The last, of course, is the lie. For now.

Frequently asked questions

How do you start off a cover letter.

When unsure how to open a cover letter, a good rule of thumb is to steer clear of clichés or overused opening lines. Instead, start by highlighting a passion or accomplishment relevant to the company or role you're applying for. You could also mention something about the company that caught your attention. Get creative, but keep it professional and make sure your narrative makes sense in that context.

How to start a cover letter greeting?

Try to find the hiring manager's name on LinkedIn or the company's website and address them directly, like “Dear Jane Doe”. If you can't find their name, “Dear Hiring Manager” is a good alternative. Avoid using “To Whom It May Concern” as it sounds outdated and impersonal.

How do I introduce myself in a cover letter?

Introducing yourself in a cover letter is straightforward: just share a bit about yourself. For example, “I'm a copywriter with seven years of experience in online content writing. At least officially. Since my first year of college I've been working on personal projects and keeping a track record of my accomplishments throughout the years.” No need to repeat your name since it's already in your contact information at the beginning of the letter.

How to start a cover letter without a name?

If you don't know the name of the person receiving your cover letter, start with “Dear Hiring Manager” or similar. Other possibilities include: “Dear Hiring Team”, “To the Hiring Team”, “To the Hiring Team”, “Dear Recruiter/Recruiting Team”, or “Dear Hiring Committee” if your industry evaluates cover letters and applications through a board.

Jenny Foss , Erica Breuer , Regina Borsellino , Amanda Cardoso also contributed writing, reporting, and/or advice to this article.

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How to write a job application email that gets a reply

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First things first: Collect your candidate information

How to write a job application email in 6 steps, 5 email templates for job applications, your email’s first impression.

Imagine you're surfing a job board and you finally see it: your dream job. 

The adrenaline kicks in, but so does the realization that your first contact with the company sets the stage for your professional relationship. This is your initial greeting, and you need to draft a convincing job application email that shows off your experience and ultimately secures that all-important interview.

In the digital age, a simple email carries the weight of a first impression . Think of it as your digital handshake — firm, confident, and memorable. Crafting that perfect email is an art that opens doors to opportunities and sets the stage for your next career move . 

Your email for job applications isn’t just a platform to showcase your professional development . It’s about giving a holistic view of who you are and how that aligns with a company's core values , even though you have limited space. 

But the ultimate goal is to send in your application, and that means collecting all necessary documents and information the job posting asks for. Before penning your thoughts, make sure you have these essentials:

Cover letter: According to a survey from recruiting software Jobvite, 31% of job seekers want companies to remove cover letters from the hiring process . But even if you fall into this group, cover letters are an important step. Consider them your elevator pitch in document form. 

You’ll accentuate your strengths while expressing your enthusiasm for the role. Double-check your cover letter to tailor it to the job description, highlight your accomplishments, and make it more than a regurgitation of your resume.

• Resume: Your resume represents your professional journey, showcasing your work experience, skills, and educational background. Make sure it’s free from typos and informative without including too much. Remember to choose the right type of resume and rename the file when you attach it, preferably with your full name and the position title.
• Portfolio or work samples: If you're venturing into fields like graphic design, writing, or any other creative domain, make a portfolio that speaks louder than words. It should encapsulate your style, versatility, and expertise. Make sure it’s up-to-date and mirrors the requirements of the job listing. A website-based portfolio might work for some positions, but others could ask for a PDF.
• Additional information: Job postings sometimes come with unique demands. They may want to know about certifications, years of experience, or even niche skills. If the job posting lists any specific asks, provide them. This showcases that you’ve read, understood, and met the criteria, demonstrating attention to detail .

According to an eye-tracking study from job aggregate Ladders, recruiters only spend 7.4 seconds looking at each resume . If you want to make a lasting impression and stand out in the job search , every detail counts. Here’s a guide to ensuring recruiters and hiring managers notice you:

1. Include a clear and concise subject line

Your subject line sets the tone. It's the first thing a recruiter sees and often determines whether they’ll even open the email at all. Make it concise and relevant, incorporating the job title and your name, like “Graphic Designer Role — Alex Smith.” This straightforward approach shows you respect the hiring manager's time and helps you stand out in a sea of vague “job application” subject lines.

Beyond the basic info, consider the things that make the role unique. If the job posting emphasizes a specific skill or requirement, try incorporating it, like “Digital Marketing Expert with SEO Specialization — Jamie Carter.” Remember, clarity trumps creativity in this space, so when in doubt, keep it simple.

2. Write the body of your email

Kick off with a professional yet approachable salutation. “To whom it may concern” works if you don’t have the hiring manager or recruiter’s name. But if you do, personalize it to let them know you’re paying attention. 

The opening paragraph should be your hook. Instead of a generic introduction, dive straight into the reasons why you're the candidate they’ve been searching for. Link your experience and skills with the job description to show you've done your homework. Something like “I am a growth expert with 10+ years of experience” is much more effective than “I am interested in the job you posted.”

After the salutation, it's all about engaging the reader. Share a short, relevant anecdote that connects you to the company's mission or the specific role. If it emphasizes innovation , talk about a time you thought outside the box to pioneer a new method or strategy. Prove you’re not looking for any job: you’re looking for this job.

3. Make a pitch

A pitch isn’t about bragging. It’s about succinctly conveying what makes you unique. Use the body of your email to highlight a couple of key achievements or experiences that align with the role. Maybe you boosted sales by 30% in your last job or led a team that executed a successful project. 

After your initial pitch, tie it back to the company. Explain how your work accomplishments will directly benefit the team. If you boosted those sales by 30%, explain how that experience will transfer over to this new position. Connect your past victories to their future successes. 

You don’t have to write a full cover letter in the body of your email (unless that’s what the posting asks for). Just use the space to further explain your candidacy and motivation .

4. Provide your contact information

Ensure potential employers can easily reach you. Even if you’ve included your contact information in your resume, your email should have your phone number, professional email address, and your LinkedIn profile .

Beyond the basics, make yourself available for follow-up questions or discussions. Offer a time frame when you’re most reachable, like “Available for calls between 2 PM and 4 PM on weekdays.” It not only shows initiative but subtly communicates respect for their time by eliminating back-and-forth scheduling.

5. Rename your resume files

This might sound like a minor detail, but your file names are more important than you think. A resume with a title like “Resume1” or “MarketingCV_final” doesn’t scream professionalism and makes it harder for recruiters to keep track of your docs. Keep it simple with a format like “AlinaJones_ProjectManager” to make your resume stand out .

If you're submitting multiple documents, like a cover letter or a list of references , ensure they all follow a consistent naming pattern. This looks more professional and helps recruiters organize your materials. Think “AlinaJones_CoverLetter” and “AlinaJones_References.” It’s clean and shows attention to detail.

6. Add your portfolio

For jobs where showing beats telling, the quality of your portfolio is critical. Include your portfolio as an attachment or as a link, depending on your preference and what the job posting asks for. Just ensure that whatever you share represents your best work.

In a 2019 study, Mailchimp found that the average email open rate is only 21% — meaning recruiters might not read your email at all. That’s why your application needs to rise above the noise. Save time and write the best application possible with these tailor-made job application templates:

1. Entry-level job application example

You're at the starting line of your professional journey, but that doesn’t mean you don’t have value as an applicant. Your motivation and educational experience can still be enough to show employers you’re a good candidate.

This sample letter can help you express your enthusiasm for the role you’re applying for and showcase the skills and experiences that make you the perfect fit:

Subject line: [Full name] – [Position]

To whom it may concern,

I’m [full name], a passionate [field of interest], writing to express my interest in the entry-level [position] at [company name]. I discovered the role on [job board/company website] and am drawn to it because of [company's mission/vision/reputation].

My educational journey equipped me with [relevant skills], further enhanced by my [previous job] at [other company name]. This experience instilled a passion for crafting innovative solutions that align with [company mission].

I am attaching my resume detailing my qualifications. Thank you for considering my application. 

Sincerely, 

[Full name]

[Contact information]

2. Mid-career job application example

You have a wealth of experience under your belt and are ready for a new challenge. This sample letter will help you articulate your accomplishments and how they align with the new role you’re seeking:

Dear [hiring manager’s name],

I am an accomplished [job title] with [number] years of professional experience. I came across the position at [company name] on [job board/company website], and I'm excited about the possibility of contributing to [company’s project or goal].

My journey in [industry] involves [relevant skills and responsibilities], with significant contributions to companies like [other company names]. I feel confident that my expertise can bring valuable insights to your team.

My resume, attached for your review, provides more detailed information about my qualifications and achievements. I look forward to discussing our mutual goals and aspirations.

[Full name] 

3. Change of field sample job application

Making a career change is daunting, but that doesn’t mean it’s impossible. Your diverse background brings a unique perspective to the table, so use this chance to explain your transferable skills and experience. This sample email will help you highlight your expertise and express your eagerness to enter a new field:

Subject line: [Full Name] – [Position]

Hello [hiring manager’s name]

My name is [full name], and I’m applying for the [job title] opening at [company name]. I saw this role on [job board/company website] and it immediately stood out to me because [company or position details].

Having served as a [previous role], I deeply understand [relevant skill or specialty]. This foundation, combined with my recent experience with [relevant skill or specialty], equips me to [listed job requirement]. I’m ready to offer a unique perspective to your team.

Please refer to the attached documents for a comprehensive look at my qualifications. I'm available for a call this week or next to delve deeper into how my background can be an asset to your projects.

4. Return to workforce

Taking a break from your career is sometimes necessary, and that doesn’t make you a lesser candidate when you decide to return. You don’t have to go into detail about your career break in your application, but it is good to mention so hiring managers know you’re honest and transparent . 

This sample letter will help you communicate your readiness to get back to work and your enthusiasm for the role or industry you’re re-entering:

Subject line: [Full Name] – [Position] Re-entering the [Industry] Scene

I’m an experienced [job title] interested in the open role at [company name]. With a decade's worth of experience with [skill], notably at [other company name], I have a proven track record in executing, delegating, and prioritizing tasks efficiently. I'm prepared to merge my prior expertise with fresh insights for your upcoming projects.

Over the past few years, I took a break in my career, and I’m eager to re-enter the workforce. During this time, I stayed up-to-date on the industry, [subject] in particular, and I’m also [note any accomplishments from your break].

I've attached my resume detailing my journey and accomplishments. Please let me know if you need further information.

5. Recent graduate application letter example

If you've recently graduated and are ready to embark on your career journey, don’t be afraid to state that in your application. Your knowledge is fresh, and that’s an asset. This sample letter will help you highlight your academic achievements and relevant experiences as you express your excitement for the role:

Subject line: [Full Name] – [Degree]

I am [full name], a [year] [degree] graduate, and I’m reaching out regarding the role at [company name], which I found on [job board/company website].

My academic achievements and internship at [previous company] gave me a robust foundation in [relevant skill or specialty]. I'm eager to apply these skills to enhance brand engagement at [company name] while continuing to grow my expertise.

Enclosed, please find my resume and relevant documents. I look forward to discussing how I can contribute to [company project/goal].

Navigating the job market is no easy task, but a compelling job application email can be your ticket to standing out. Remember, it's all about showcasing your strengths, experiences, and passion — so, put your best foot forward and make every word count.

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Elizabeth Perry, ACC

Elizabeth Perry is a Coach Community Manager at BetterUp. She uses strategic engagement strategies to cultivate a learning community across a global network of Coaches through in-person and virtual experiences, technology-enabled platforms, and strategic coaching industry partnerships. With over 3 years of coaching experience and a certification in transformative leadership and life coaching from Sofia University, Elizabeth leverages transpersonal psychology expertise to help coaches and clients gain awareness of their behavioral and thought patterns, discover their purpose and passions, and elevate their potential. She is a lifelong student of psychology, personal growth, and human potential as well as an ICF-certified ACC transpersonal life and leadership Coach.

What are professional references and how to ask for one (examples)

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• Mar 26, 2024
• 11 min read

How to Write a Job Application Letter (Tips and Examples)

Your guide to getting your foot in the door.

Joanna Zambas

Content Manager and Career Expert

Reviewed by Chris Leitch

Do you have your heart set on a specific company but have never seen them post a single vacancy? And are you on the verge of giving up completely, and convinced you’re going to be jobless and broke for the rest of your life?

Well, don’t crumple your  perfectly written résumé  in a ball of paper just yet — there’s still hope for you!

All you need to do is write an awesome job application letter.

Application letters are a great way to get your foot in the door of a company that hasn’t advertised a position or when you’re applying for an academic program or an  internship .

So, what are you waiting for?

Read on to find out how to write a great job application letter (and land that  dream job  of yours in the process)!

What is a job application letter/email?

Whereas cover letters are used when applying for a specific vacancy, and include details which are complementary to what’s on the applicant’s résumé, application letters are submitted when there is no job opening, and they tend to be more detailed.

Unlike cover letters, which usually span about one page, application letters can be twice as long.

How should you structure your letter?

The structure and formatting of your application letter is just as important as the words you use to sell your skills and enthusiasm for the job. The pointers below will help you deliver your message in a professional and effective way.

Sender’s address

Begin your letter with your address listed in the left-hand corner of the page. In the US, it’s acceptable to list your address in the right-hand corner. (Skip this step if you’re going to send your application via email.)

If you’re applying via email, create an email address for professional use if you haven’t already. This should include your first and last names or initials — no nicknames or years of birth! Two appropriate examples are [email protected] and [email protected] .

As with any official letter, include the date of your letter below your address.

Subject line

The  subject of your email  should make the manager want to read more and not automatically press the “Delete” button. It could be something like: “Social Media Expert with over 5 Years of Experience”.

Inside address

The company’s address should appear a few lines below your address and the date. Skip this if you’re sending an email.

As with any formal letter, you need to open with the correct formal salutation (such as “Dear Mr [surname]” or “Dear Ms [surname]”).

It’s also best to find out who the head of the department is, and address your letter directly to them to show that you’ve taken the time to really do your research. If you begin with “Dear Hiring Manager”, for example, you’re potentially destroying your chances of getting the job you’re applying for.

Opening paragraph

The opening paragraph should provide details on why you’re getting in touch.

Think about what you want to achieve with this letter before forming your answer. For example, you could say that it’s been a dream of yours to work for the company and that you feel that, given the chance, you’d love to bring new skills and ideas to the table. You can also highlight any qualifications you have here.

Middle paragraph(s)

This is where you will explain why you’re suitable for the position by listing skills you’ve developed through previous work experience . Remember that this shouldn’t be a word-for-word copy of your résumé; rather, you should use this as an opportunity to expand on notable achievements.

And make sure you tailor the content of your letter to the particular job title and company you’re applying to — you don’t want to ramble on about irrelevant details.

Final paragraph

Finally, focus on what you bring to the table and how the company can benefit from your skills and experience. If you have statistics and figures to back up your claims, even better!

For example, if you’re an experienced project manager, you could say how you want to showcase your leadership skills and help the company reach its desired turnover, and then back this up with statistics on how you did just that in previous positions.

You should close your letter with a call-to-action. For example, you could say something like: “I look forward to hearing back from you to discuss any possibilities”. And don’t forget to thank the reader for their time!

Your name and signature

If you’re sending this by snail mail, opt for a handwritten signature. If, on the other hand, you’re sending an email, simply write your name, followed by your contact information.

Most application letter templates (and formal letter templates in general) use the Times New Roman typeface at 12 points. Other recommended fonts include Arial, Georgia and Calibri.

Tips for writing your letter

When it’s time to write an application letter, bear the following points in mind to ensure that your document captures the hiring manager’s attention and successfully creates the impression that you’d make a good fit for their company.

1. Include bullet points

Bullet points can be used as an effective formatting tool when writing your application letter. They can demonstrate points clearly and concisely, as well as help with the overall layout, allowing for bite-sized, readable chunks of information.

2. Make sure the language you use is easy to read

You might be a literary wizard , but those long words won’t impress the hiring manager if they make your letter difficult to read.

3. Use positive language

Positivity is the way forward when it comes to selling your skills to a potential employer. Therefore, you should use positive words when explaining your previous work experience.

These words include “assisted”, “conducted”, “executed”, “proposed” and “recommended”, which (when used right) can demonstrate your contribution and dedication to your role and organization.

4. Be creative

Depending on the industry that you’re interested in, you can be a bit creative with your approach . This means that you don’t have to follow the conventional structure of a cover letter, and can instead adopt a more story-like approach.

Should you add any attachments?

Since application letters are not submitted in response to particular job ads, but rather serve as an inquiry into any unadvertised openings which may be available, they tend to be standalone documents. That is to say they are not typically accompanied by other files.

Whereas cover letters are concise, tailored to the job posting and accompanied by résumés, your letter of application will be a more extensive account of your skills and experiences.

That being said, if you’re applying for a creative position such as that of a video editor or blog writer, it makes sense to include a few samples of your work that best represent your talent and ability.

Job application letter samples

The following application letter samples can give you an idea as to what to include in your letter, as well as how to structure it effectively.

1. Job application email sample

Dear Mr Cannon,

I have long been following your company’s growth and progress, being extremely passionate about clean, renewable energy. I remember coming across XYZ Renewables back in the early 2000s, when it was still in its early startup stages, and I admire how your leadership has grown the company since.

Having gained extensive experience as a solar consultant over the last decade, I have kept an eye out for any job opportunities with XYZ Renewables. This is why I am writing to you today: to express a keen interest in working with you in the future, should any solar consultation vacancies become available at your company.

In my current role at ABC Energies, I train new hires in advising and liaising with clients, as well as in designing and installing solar systems that cater to the needs and budget of our clients. I carry out the same duties myself, and have been commended for my customer service skills and technical know-how in solar systems installations. Over the last year, I have overseen and facilitated transactions totaling upwards of $1 million.

I appreciate you taking the time to read through my application. I hope that my skills and work experience can contribute to a fruitful collaboration down the line.

Yours sincerely,

Mark Rowling

2. Internship application email sample

Dear Ms Kipling,

Ever since I was a sophomore in high school, I’ve dreamed about pursuing an undergraduate degree in interior design and going on to work for an award-winning architectural firm. During my studies at AB College, where I graduated from just over a month ago, I became exposed to the works of various such firms, including your own.

XY Designs stood out to me for the simplicity of its designs (I am also a fan of Scandinavian interiors!) as well as its clever use of natural lighting and earthy colors and textures. In particular, I was impressed with the renovation of the Workwell coworking space you undertook and completed in 2022.

I believe that working alongside the designers on your team and under your mentorship would be an invaluable experience, which is why I am reaching out to enquire about any potential internship opportunities you may have this coming summer. During my studies, I have become proficient in using SketchUp and 3Ds Max, and completed my final project on Scandinavian interiors and architecture specifically. I am attaching a link to my final project portfolio below.

Thank you for your time, and I hope to hear back from you soon.

Respectfully,

3. Academic application letter sample

Gregory Allen Department of English AB University Syracuse, NY

Tuesday, March 26, 2024

Dear Mr Allen,

During my undergraduate studies in animation, I discovered — quite unexpectedly — a passion for writing, and specifically writing for film and television. Although up until that point I had believed myself to be a VFX artist in the making, the discovery caused me to reconsider. Today, I am writing to express my interest in the Creative Writing MA program at AB University.

During my final year at Arts College, I produced a screenplay for a short film, and found that setting up the scene and creating a whole new world in words was far more fascinating to me than trying to recreate it by moving around and rendering pixels on a screen. I received the highest mark out of everyone on my course for that piece of writing; and that was followed by my screenwriting professor’s recommendation: the way he spoke about AB University’s history and faculty removed any sort of doubt from my mind. It all became clear: this was to be my new path.

I have attached some writing samples, as per the application guidelines: my final-year screenplay as well as two pieces of prose I wrote in my free time. I hope that you may consider my application for a spot on the Creative Writing course.

I look forward to hearing back from you. Thank you for your time!

Best wishes,

Things to remember

From writing the first draft of your application letter to editing it and adding the final touches, remember to do the following:

1. Do your research

Research is one of the most important steps when it comes to  job searching ; you need to make sure that you know all there is about the organization you’re targeting and you should have a clear understanding of what their company culture is like.

2. Don’t forget to proofread

This goes without saying, but never send your application letter off without proofreading it. With so many readily available editing tools online, there’s no excuse for a careless typo or wordy sentences. Grammarly and Hemmingway are two of the most popular programs to help you perfect your writing.

3. Use their style of writing

You can usually guess a company’s style of writing from their website and publications. So, it’s important to try and keep your letter in line with this so they can see that you’re a real match for the position and that they’d be silly to not invite you for an interview.

Final thoughts

Whether you go to write a cover letter or an application letter, or even to put together a portfolio for a prospective employer to see, the same thing applies: everything you include must be related to the position you’re hoping to land.

So, before you’ve started writing, take time to consider which of your skills, qualities and achievements best portray you as a strong candidate , and how you can best convey your interest in (and suitability for) the company as a whole.

Have you ever written an application letter before? Do you have any other tips to share with fellow jobseekers? Leave us a comment in the comments section below!

Originally published on August 21, 2018. Updated by Electra Michaelidou.

Finding a Job

Job Applications

How to write an application letter (with example)

Are you ready for a new challenge and a fresh start in your career? An eye-catching application letter is essential when you’re applying for new jobs, if you want to make a great first impression on potential employers.

There’s a process to creating an outstanding application letter. It starts with researching the company and tailoring your letter, and ends with editing and formatting your application in a polished and easy to read way. In this guide, we show you how to write an application letter that highlights your strengths and qualifications relevant to the position. 

Why is a cover letter important?

When you’re job seeking, a compelling application letter will help increase your chances of success. An application letter, also known as a cover letter, serves as your professional introduction to potential employers. It’s your chance to demonstrate your qualifications, skills and excitement for the job.

While your resumé provides a snapshot of your work history and achievements, application letters let you expand on your experiences. They provide an opportunity to highlight specific accomplishments, express your motivation and explain why you’d be the right fit for the job.

What to write in an application letter

The key to a great application letter is in making it complement your resumé. Unlike a resumé, which focuses solely on presenting facts and details, an application letter adds a personal touch to your job application. It lets you tell your professional story, showcase your personality and convey your passion for the industry and the organisation you’re applying at.

The typical application letter consists of several key components. It begins with a traditional letter header, followed by a greeting addressed to the hiring manager or relevant contact. Then there’s the body of the letter, which should be one to three paragraphs long, each addressing different job criteria. After that, there’s a conclusion and a valediction (your sign-off). 

If you find writing an application letter daunting, it might be helpful to download a template as a starting point, or use AI tools to provide an outline for you to personalise. 

Before you start writing, do some research

Start by thoroughly reading and understanding the job description. Take note of the key responsibilities, qualifications and skills required for the role. Pay attention to any keywords or phrases used in the job ad, as these can guide your letter-writing process.

Next, research the company itself. Visit their website, read about their mission, values and recent news and take a look at their social media accounts. You don’t need to do a deep dive into every company you’re applying at, but it does help to have some background knowledge – otherwise, how will you know you want to work there? This includes understanding the type of organisation it is and what your job requirements are likely to be. You might also get a feel for the company culture.

Use the information you’ve gathered to draft a persuasive letter  that shows how your qualifications match with the company’s needs, goals and culture. Highlight any specific experiences, achievements or skills that illustrate why you’d be right for the role.

Formatting a cover letter

When it comes to formatting your application letter, the goal is to make it easy to read. Aim for a simple format that’s clean and uncluttered. Choose a clear and legible font such as Arial, Calibri or Times New Roman – or the same font you used on your resumé . Stick to a font size between 10 and 12 points to ensure readability.

Remember to keep your letter concise, aiming for no more than one page. Use clear, everyday English, avoiding overly technical terms or jargon. And of course, proofread your letter carefully when you’re done, to catch any typos or errors.

The opening paragraph

At the top-left of the page, begin with your contact information, including your name, location, phone number and email address. Include the date on the line below.

Next, address the letter to the hiring manager or the appropriate recipient, using a formal greeting such as Dear [Hiring Manager's Name] . If you can’t find the hiring manager's name, you can use a more general term like To whom it may concern .

In the first sentence, clearly state the specific job title and company. This goes at the top so that the recruiter or hiring manager knows immediately what the letter is about.

The body of the letter: Experience, skills and qualifications

The middle of your cover letter should consist of two or three concise paragraphs. Here is where you elaborate on your skills and qualifications, emphasising your achievements and how they align with the requirements of the job.

Think about specific instances where your strengths and skills made an impact at work, providing quantifiable results if you can. For example, you could talk about projects you worked on or goals you met, mentioning real figures if you have them.

With every skill or experience you mention, make sure you connect them to the role’s requirements. Reference key aspects of the job description in your letter. Got no relevant experience? Focus on extracurricular activities and education. 

Lastly, consider highlighting any certifications, awards or professional development courses you’ve completed. These achievements can further enhance your application and show that you’re committed to continuous learning and professional growth.

Above all, be honest about your qualifications. Avoid exaggerating or stretching the truth. If there are areas where you're lacking, acknowledge them and express your willingness to learn and grow.

Use the third paragraph to either mention more skills or experience (if you are applying for a more senior position) or to highlight what interests you about the company and how your passions and aspirations align with the company’s mission and values.

The closing paragraph of your cover letter

The fourth paragraph of your application letter is your conclusion. Here you can give a brief recap of your skills and reaffirm your enthusiasm for the job. You can also include a call to action, like inviting the employer to schedule an interview or visit your online portfolio.

In your conclusion you might also mention any follow-up actions you plan to take. For instance, you might say you’ll be following up with an email within a few weeks. End your letter with a traditional closing sign-off, such as Sincerely or Best regards .

Your closing paragraph should be concise and impactful, without repeating anything information from the middle paragraphs.

Editing and proofreading an application letter.

Before you send your application, proofread it closely to make sure it’s error-free. Typos or grammatical slip ups can look unprofessional and detract from your application, so it’s worth the extra effort to give your letter a once-over.

Consider enlisting the help of a friend or family member to review your letter with fresh eyes. Just showing it to someone else will often help to catch mistakes or areas for improvement that you might have missed. 

You should also cut certain words from your cover letter if you want it to make an impactful first impression. 

Following up after a job application

Following up  after submitting an application letter can show your interest to potential employers. If you don’t hear back from an employer within two weeks, it’s okay to follow up and ask about the status of your application. 

This shows your enthusiasm for the role, tells them you’re still interested, and puts you front of mind. When following up, make sure your communication is professional and polite, and avoid sending multiple follow-up emails within a short timeframe.

Here’s a follow-up email template to give you a head start. 

Tips for job application success

Here are some quick tips for writing application letters that stand out – and some advice for managing the job search process overall. 

• Tailor your application letter to the job, every time . Create your application letter specifically for the job and company you’re applying to. This means writing a slightly different one, every time. Show how your skills, experience and career aspirations are a good match for the company's needs and goals. Make extra sure you’re sending the right application letter to the right company. 
• Keep your letter clear and concise. An application letter should be straight to the point and easy to read. Aim for a one-page letter, unless otherwise specified in the job posting. Avoid unnecessary details and focus on the most relevant information to the job ad. Writing a good cover letter shows you have solid written communication skills.
• Use action verbs and descriptive language. Enhance your application letter by using strong action verbs, for example: instead of I was responsible for a team , write something like, I led a team of 10 high-performing staff .
• Show thanks and follow up.  After submitting your application, if you haven’t heard back after two weeks, send a follow-up email to the hiring manager. Reiterate your enthusiasm for the position. Use this opportunity to provide additional information or clarify any points in your application.
• Keep track of your applications. Have a system for keeping track of each application, noting the date you applied, the job title and company, and any notes or communication you’ve had. Mark them up on a calendar or put them into a spreadsheet. This will help you stay on top of your applications and avoid missing any emails that may have fallen through the cracks. A tracking system will also help if you get a call about a job and need to quickly refresh your memory on the details of it. Additionally, keep all your job cover letters in one folder, so you can refer back to them and repurpose them for future applications.

Dos and don’ts

Once you’ve written your application letter, you can refine it even more by applying these dos and don’ts. 

• Do add a personal touch . Giving your cover letter a personal touch can make it stand out to potential employers. Share a brief anecdote or personal experience that connects you to the role or company. This helps humanise your application and gives the employer insight into your personality and motivations. 

For example, applying for a job in healthcare:  I come from a family of healthcare professionals and grew up with the desire to work in a field where I could make a positive impact on others’ lives.

• Do tailor your language and tone . Try to match your tone and language to the company’s style (from their official website, rather than social media accounts.) If their website language is very formal, you should mirror that in your cover letter. If their tone of voice is more relaxed, you can take a warmer, more informal tone. Always maintain a professional tone – don’t be too laidback or colloquial.
• Do take out anything that’s irrelevant.  Is there information in your cover letter that isn’t really related to the job? Consider removing it. Avoid unnecessary details and focus on delivering the most important information only.
• Do proofread carefully . Having a perfectly edited letter means you have good attention to detail. Run your letter through spell-check and read it aloud to someone, to make sure it flows logically. Get feedback from a mentor or former teacher.
• Don’t use generic templates without tailoring them . The hiring manager will know if you’ve used a generic application letter. A template is a good starting point, but you need to tailor it to each job opportunity.
• Don’t exaggerate or misrepresent your qualifications.  Be honest and transparent about your skills and qualifications. Exaggerating or misrepresenting your abilities will likely backfire. An employer will be able to tell if you don’t have the knowledge and abilities you claim to have. 

Example of an honest representation:  I have basic experience with XYZ software, and I'm eager to improve on these skills. In my previous roles, I’ve been able to master new programs quickly.  

Example of an exaggeration:  I have intermediate knowledge of XYZ Analytics software having used this tool in my previous roles.

• Don’t use industry jargon.  While it’s important to express your knowledge of the industry, avoid using jargon or buzzwords, for example, terms like ROI, strategic initiatives, go-getter, etc. Also consider avoiding technical terms that may not be familiar to the reader.
• Don’t neglect to follow up. After submitting your application letter, send a follow-up email. Even if you don’t hear back from the employer, you’ll know you made every effort to get your application seen. A negative response from them will also allow you to close that application on your tracker. 

An application letter template

If you’re not confident in drafting a cover letter, it can help to use a professional template. Here’s one you can tailor for your job application. Below this is a sample application letter that puts this structure into practice. 

[Your name here] [Your contact number] [Your email address] [Suburb, State Postcode]

Dear [hiring manager’s name],

 [Intro] I’m writing to express my interest in the [job title] position at [company name]. [Share a personal anecdote if you have one, or briefly explain why you decided to apply for the role.] 

[Body paragraph 1: write about your experience, skills and any specific industry knowledge that could be valuable to the role.   Include any personal attributes that show how you’re an excellent fit for the company. Include one of your main acheivements that directly relates to the role.]

[Body paragraph 2: write about what interests you about the role and about the organisation. You might mention your career goals or the company’s vision and values.]

[Closing paragraph: reaffirm your interest in the position. Include a call to action.]

[Your name]

Sample application letter

Jean-Charles Mak 043X 123-X123 JCmak@g_mail.com

29 February 2025

Dear Ms Lee,

I’m writing to express my interest in the Assistant Manager position at X-Arcade as advertised on SEEK. From a young age, I’ve been passionate about the unique learning, entertainment and social aspects of video gaming. Having spent three years in the games-retail industry, I’m excited by the prospect of contributing to the success of your award-winning company.

Throughout my career, I have consistently demonstrated exceptional customer service. In my previous role at Tornado Thunder, I managed gaming rooms and was awarded Employee of the Month three times in 18 months. In my team-leadership role at PlayZone, I frequently demonstrated skills in de-escalating situations and problem solving under pressure, as well as cash handling and POS. Additionally, I have more than a decade of experience in gaming technologies across multiple platforms and consoles.

I feel that this role at X-Arcade is the perfect match for my abilities and aspirations. I'm inspired by the company’s approach to sustainability, inclusivity, and its target to become the largest arcade company in Australia by 2025. 

I’m confident that my proven track record and passion make me the ideal person for this position. I’ve attached my resumé for your review, which provides detailed insights into my experience and accomplishments. Thank you for considering my application. I’m excited about the prospect of joining X-Arcade and look forward to hearing from you. 

Writing an application letter takes a little planning and a lot of attention to detail. Personalising your letter and highlighting relevant skills and achievements can help you catch a hiring manager’s attention and get a callback for an interview. Take the time to create a well-written and error-free letter that shows your concientiousness and enthusiasm – desireable qualities in any employee. 

1. What should I include in an application letter?

Your application letter should include the following elements:

• Your contact information (name, suburb, city, phone number, email)
• The recipient’s contact information (name, job title, company name, address)
• A greeting (such as Dear Hiring Manager  or To whom it may concern )
• An introduction that states the position you’re applying for and expresses your interest in the company
• Body paragraphs that highlight your relevant skills and experience, and explain why you’re a good fit for the role
• A closing paragraph that thanks the hiring manager for their time and consideration, and reiterates your interest in the position

2. How long should an application letter be?

An application letter should be concise and to the point, typically no longer than one page. Aim for around three to four paragraphs, or about 300–600 words.

3. How should I address the letter if I don’t know the hiring manager’s name?

If you don’t know the name of the hiring manager, you can address the letter like this: To the Hiring Manager or To whom it may concern .

4. How should I follow up after sending an application letter?

After sending an application letter, it’s a good idea to send a follow-up email. This shows your gratitude for the opportunity and reinforces your interest in the position. You can follow up via email with a brief and professional message.

5. What are some common mistakes to avoid when writing an application letter?

Some common mistakes to avoid when writing an application letter include:

• Using a generic template without highlighting your unique skills and qualifications
• Exaggerating or misrepresenting your qualifications
• Using too much industry jargon, technical terminologies or flowery language
• Neglecting to proofread your letter before sending it

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