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How Long is a 3 Minute Speech? Tips for Writing a Short Speech

What could be more nerve-wracking than standing in front of a room full of people and giving a speech in three minutes? It is no surprise that this can be a stressful task for many people. The good news is that most audiences are ready to listen and understand, if you know how to make your points in a clear, concise, and impactful manner.

But that’s the million-dollar question, isn’t it? How do you effectively deliver a 3-minute presentation and make sure your message gets across? Well, fear not, in this post, I will be breaking down how you can create an effective 3-minute presentation and tips that you can use to maximize the impact of your speech. So put away the fear and let’s get started!

Quick Answer

How many words can I write in a 3 minute speech? Answer: The number of words for a 3 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 300 and 480 words in your speech.

Calculating Speech Length in Minutes

The precise answer to how long a 3 minute speech is can vary depending on the speaker, their speaking rate, and length of words used. It’s important to consider these factors when preparing an effective presentation . While the conventional wisdom might be to assign a fixed word count per minute, the reality is that it takes more than this to calculate an exact speech length . Subject matter is one factor to take into account when calculating speech length. Complex topics require more words and use of larger vocabulary which will naturally increase the length of time the speaker needs to explain the material. Additionally, if there is content specified by a speaker for a 3-minute presentation, that can also affect the actual length of the speech. On average, one sentence will take about three seconds to deliver, so every extra sentence or phrase will add approximately six seconds to your presentation time. To ensure that your 3-minute speech includes all information needed without taking too much time from other presenters speaking after you, practice delivering your speech out loud and adjust as needed. The pros of using a fixed word count per minute approach are numerous. This method allows for easier calculation of speech timing and for comparison against other speakers in terms of number of words spoken. A disadvantage would be that if a presenter uses larger words or has generally slower delivery with longer pauses between sentences or sections, then the estimated “3 minutes” could be inaccurate; meaning less time available for other speakers or related activities. By considering subject matter, language choice and level of detail, presenters should have a better understanding on how to effectively gauge their intended speech length beforehand. This leads into an important measure of success in any given presentation – that being words per minute estimations which we’ll cover in the following section…

Words Per Minute Estimations

Words per minute estimations are key when it comes to preparing a 3-minute speech. Speaking faster than your natural delivery can hinder the effectiveness of a presentation. However, understanding the industry standard of words per minute can help speakers find the right tempo for their presentations. According to some sources , the average person speaks approximately 125 words per minute, making a 3-minute presentation around 375 words. Plans and speeches should be rehearsed in advance to ensure that they fit and exceed the word requirement. While you should practice going over the time limit, keep in mind that it is best practice to finish presentations at or before the allotted time. On the other hand, there is debate around whether simply filling up a speech with words that do not serve any purpose creates a more improved speech. Speakers must remember that quality matters over quantity when it comes to giving a presentation. While it is important to be aware of how many words are being spoken per minute, fillers such as “um” and “like” decrease performance quality and effectiveness of a presentation. It is essential to factor in tempo along with content breathlessness when delivering a powerful presentation. Therefore, it is important for speakers to practice their speech while focusing on both its content and delivery rate so as to achieve maximum impact. Preparing an effective 3-minute speech requires a combination of quality material and proper timing. The next section will cover tips on how one can prepare an effective 3-minute speech.

Preparing a 3-Minute Speech

As with most speeches, those that are three minutes in length must be planned ahead and prepared carefully. The goal of this section is to provide tips and advice that will help the speaker craft an effective 3-minute speech. First and foremost, speakers must decide on their topic . A specific focus should be chosen, as topics that are too broad will be difficult to cover in such a short time frame. Using any research materials needed, the speaker can begin gathering key points and facts about their chosen topic to include in the speech. Speakers may also have to consider time management when constructing their 3-minute speech. It’s important to use the allotted time for the best outcome, which may involve condensing sentences or eliminating examples that don’t fit into the final draft . If necessary, speakers can even work with rhythm and dramatic pauses to create more impactful and memorable moments within their 3-minute window. Finally, the speaker should practice delivering their 3-minute speech. It’s important to know what points they plan on emphasizing, when they will pause, how they will move while they are speaking, and how to vary their pitch and vocal delivery to capture audience attention—but all within the three minutes of allotted time. The more practice given to 3-minute speech preparation, the better chance of successfully delivering an effective presentation on one’s chosen topic. Armed with these preparation tips for crafting a 3-minute speech, speakers can proceed towards structuring their speech accordingly in order to maximize its creative potential and reach its intended purpose. The following section will address structuring the speech itself so that it packs a punch within a short window of time.

Structuring the Speech

A well-structured speech is a key part of delivering an effective presentation. When planning a 3 minute speech, selecting a structure to guide the flow of information can be essential in ensuring an effective outcome. The first factor in structuring a 3 minute speech is deciding whether to present in a chronological order, or alternatively divide into thematic elements. If a chronological approach is chosen, this allows the audience to gain insight on how ideas have developed over time and provides continuity between points. Conversely, when choosing to split the speech according to theme this allows for greater focus on specific topics and highlights any similarities or differences between them. Closely linked to the type of structure chosen, it can be beneficial to consider utilising subheadings, especially if the speech has been divided into thematic elements. Subheadings are also helpful for maintaining focus on the main point and ensure each idea is adequately covered within your time limit. However, too many subheadings may result in an overly structured presentation which could be distracting for the audience. Alternatively, little or no subheadings may mean that the content feels disjointed and difficult to follow. As such, finding the right balance is essential for ensuring successful communication. Finally, whilst considering how long each element should be within your speech, setting yourself a word target can also help achieve this balance. After deciding how long each major element will take up there are often nuances within these sections that would benefit from some additional elaboration. By setting yourself a total number of words you will become more aware of how much detail there needs to be within those subsections and ultimately produce a better outcome overall. Having established the structure of your 3 minute presentation it is now important to consider what content should fill it. Moving forward we will discuss how to choose an appropriate topic that suits both you and your audience…

Choosing a Topic

Choosing a topic for a 3 minute speech can be daunting. It’s important to consider the audience, purpose, and context of the speech when selecting your topic . Your aim should be to select a topic that will interest and engage the audience. Try to pick something that you are passionate about and ensure it is appropriate for the occasion. When debating topics, think carefully about both sides of the argument so your presentation can be balanced and comprehensive. Drawing on both sides of an argument demonstrates good critical thinking and builds respect from your audience. Also you may have to overcome initial opposition or skepticism from members of your audience. This technique encourages full discussion and understanding of a topic, allowing the audience to process both perspectives before coming to their own conclusions and making decisions. Finally, if you decide to debate a topic, consider ending your presentation with a call to action for your audience — this could be encouraging them to take action on what they have learned in your speech or engaging in further research, amongst others. Now that you have chosen a topic for your 3 minute speech, it’s time to move onto finding supporting ideas which will bring depth and clarity to your presentation.

Finding Supporting Ideas

Brainstorming and research are vital components for gathering the information needed to support a 3 minute speech. Asking questions can help identify topics and ideas to provide a focus for the presentation. Think about what the audience needs to hear and then decide which idea will be used as the center of discussion. Gather facts, figures, statistics, quotes, stories and anecdotes to substantiate the central idea. Additionally, consider points of view on both sides of the debate when appropriate. This will help strengthen the basis of evidence to better illustrate a point or opinion throughout the presentation. Use materials that are relevant, concise but still informative. It is important to have a good balance between material that’s interesting and familiar. As well as material that provides an argumentative edge so the audience has something new to think about after the presentation is finished. Thus it’s important to spend time evaluating all of the materials available that may be suitable in order to determine which pieces will provide maximum impact. Having strong supporting ideas can help make a 3 minute speech persuasive and effective. Here’s a few tips for finding great supporting ideas: 1) Research thoroughly – To ensure accurate information that gives authenticity to arguments 2) Brainstorm – Think critically surrounding common topics relating back to your main point 3) Debate both sides – Consider points of view on both sides of the debate when appropriate 4) Select materials with intention – Choose relevant, concise materials that provide maximum impact 5) Utilize multimedia – Media presentations such as videos, slideshows and graphics can bring extra interest and dimension With some brainstorming and careful selection of materials through a combination of research and thoughtful evaluation, finding effective supporting ideas for a 3 minute speech can be attainable! Now that we have discussed Finding Supporting Ideas for our speech, let’s move on to discuss Opening & Closing the Speech in our next section.

Essential Information

When preparing for a 3 minute speech, it is important to brainstorm for topics and ask questions related to the presentation. Furthermore, research facts, figures, statistics, quotes, stories and anecdotes to strengthen the basis of evidence and arguments. When selecting materials to support the speech, be sure it is relevant, concise but still informative in order to provide maximum impact. To ensure maximum effectiveness of the presentation, consider points of view on both sides of the debate, use multimedia such as videos and graphics. With careful research and evaluation when selecting materials one can be prepared to deliver a strong 3 minute speech.

Opening & Closing the Speech

When delivering a 3 minute presentation, opening and closing the speech effectively is critical to ensure the speech is impactful and memorable. An effective introduction grabs the audience’s attention and creates context, while a powerful conclusion provides a sense of completion and allows the presenter to leave a lasting impression. The introduction should be short, clear and interesting so that it immediately grabs the audience’s interest and sets the tone for the rest of the presentation. Presenters should consider using an anecdote or joke to draw people in, and be sure to include a succinct overview of what points will be discussed during the rest of the presentation. It is important to stay within time limits while still ensuring that the main idea is expressed in an appealing manner. In contrast, some argue that with only three minutes allotted, it is better to save time by omitting an introduction all together. This approach can be beneficial in certain circumstances as it allows more time for covering relevant material. Additionally, experienced speakers may have no trouble grabbing the audience’s attention without needing any kind of introduction. The conclusion should summarize key points touched on throughout the presentation while reinforcing the main idea of the speech and leaving listeners with something to ponder. Presenters might close with their opinion on the topic at hand or use ending remarks such as “thank you for your attention” or “questions?” An effective closure will provide a clear picture of why this topic is important or relevant and might use props, visuals or sound clips to deliver a final statement about being heard. Similar to an introduction, some might argue that a conclusion is not necessary given that speaker has only three minutes overall. However, like an introduction, skipping out on a proper closure could be detrimental if not done well as it has potential to leave the audience feeling unfulfilled or confused about what was actually presented. In conclusion, it is important to abide by time constraints while also giving an effective open and close when preparing a 3 minute speech – whether this requires including both parts or depending on individual circumstance. Now that we have covered opening and closing techniques, our next section will focus on how to practice delivering this speech efficiently ahead of time.

Practicing the Speech

Speaking confidently and effectively in public can be intimidating for even the most experienced speaker. Before delivering a speech , it is important to practice numerous times to make sure that it is well rehearsed. This allows the speaker to become familiar with their material and identify potential areas of concern so that they can be addressed before delivering the speech. In addition to practicing aloud, writing out the entire speech is also recommended, as it gives the speaker a better sense of organization and flow. However, memorizing every line may not be necessary if the speaker has walked through their material multiple times with both written words and rehearsed aloud. The advantage of memorizing a speech word-for-word is that it allows the speaker to focus on their delivery and make sure they are speaking at an appropriate pace. This can be especially helpful when timing is an issue or when the allotted amount of time to speak is limited. On the other hand, having a memorized presentation can be dangerous as speakers may get lost in thought if they forget where they are or forget a word. Regardless of whether or not a speech is memorized in its entirety, all speeches should still be practiced several times in order for them to flow naturally and coherently. Doing so will minimize any potential errors or pauses during delivery and offer more confidence to the speaker. To further ensure an effective public presentation, all speakers should practice in front of an audience who can give constructive feedback on both content and delivery. Practicing this way helps speakers become more aware of parts of their speeches that need improvement so that these issues can be addressed before delivering the actual speech. By taking the time to properly practice one’s 3 minute speech, any presenter can deliver their material without feeling nervous or unprepared, making for a successful dialogue. With these pros and cons considered, now comes time to prepare for actually delivering the speech .

Delivering the Speech

Once you have written the speech and chosen your message, the next step is to decide how you are going to present the speech. Even a 3-minute speech can be intimidating, making it essential for presenters to practice their presentation in advance. Ready your voice and familiarize yourself with presentations mistakes so that you can avoid these pitfalls during your actual delivery. When delivering a 3-minute speech, focus on maintaining eye contact with your audience, using strong gestures to emphasize points, and speaking slowly but steadily in order to keep within the time limit. It is also important to know when to pause , as this can help draw attention to key points and help optimize communication of the content. In addition to how you deliver the speech, another area is focusing on what words to omit or add if something is taking too long or too short. Depending on the context of the presentation, there are several approaches presenters can take here – some opt for minimizing or reducing descriptions while others choose to replace or substitute certain words or phrases with newer styles of language. Ultimately, it is up to the presenter’s judgement on what changes should be made in order to ensure an effective and informative presentation within three minutes. Certain topics may require speakers to further analyze their material in order to determine what information should be included or left out within three minutes. Here, it is particularly useful for presenters to determine which aspects of their synopsis holds primary importance by jotting down points that could be used as main points or context highlights. In summary, delivering a 3-minute speech successfully requires expertise in budgeting one’s time while still managing to pass along all necessary information needed by both themselves and the audience. Effective delivery will also enhance engagement with your listeners while strengthening your own self confidence as a speaker. Moving forward, let’s discuss some additional tips for speeches of any length.

Additional Tips for Speeches of Any Length

1) Make It Interactive: Engage your audience in the speech by inviting them to act out certain ideas or roles, giving them handouts that contain specific instructions, or even allowing them to ask questions or participate in discussions. Studies have shown that people are more engaged when they are actively involved in a presentation, so give people something to do! Checkpoints in your presentation can be great opportunities for feedback from your audience that you can use to tailor your content and keep their attention. 2) Vary Your Delivery: Use different techniques to keep your audience’s interest. Consider changing the tone of your voice and/or changing your body language throughout the speech. Doing so will help make the talk more interesting and engaging for everyone. Additionally, varying the pace of the presentation can help you drive home key points and keep listeners on their toes. 3) Focus on Clarity: Communicate with clarity and ensure that each point is clear and concise. This is especially important with longer presentations as listeners may become lost along the way if the central messages aren’t made obvious. Research has found that people are more likely to remember stories than facts , so consider incorporating anecdotes into your talk for greater impact. 4) Use Visuals Wisely: Visual aids such as charts or slides can be a great addition to long presentations, helping you explain complex topics quickly and easily, but it’s important not to overdo it. Too many visuals can take away from what you’re saying and make it difficult for listeners to stay focused. Only use visuals when necessary – if there’s a lot of data involved, consider summarizing some of it instead of going into too much detail. 5) Stick to the Point: You may feel incredibly passionate about a particular topic and want to talk extensively about it – but try not to go off-topic since this could confuse or bore your audience . Keeping an outline nearby should help you stay focused, plus cutting out excess details will leave you free to elaborate on thoughts more connected to the main purpose of your speech.

Frequently Asked Questions and Answers

What types of topics are best suited to a 3 minute speech.

A 3-minute speech is best suited for topics which are brief and can be discussed in a short amount of time. It’s important to identify the key points that need to be covered within the allotted time frame. Consider keeping the topic as specific as possible – this helps to make sure all the key points are concisely discussed in the limited amount of time. Some examples of topics suitable for 3-minute speeches include: •Explaining a new product or service •Summarizing a research paper •Discussing the benefits of a particular solution •Outlining a well-known process •Highlighting recent advancements in technology •Providing a brief overview of an issue or current event •Giving an introduction to an unfamiliar concept. Ultimately, any topic that can be accurately presented and discussed in three minutes or less is appropriate for a 3-minute speech.

How much content can I fit into a 3 minute speech?

In a 3-minute speech, you can fit in quite a lot of content but only if it’s concise and well-constructed. To make the most of your time, decide on the main point you want to make, then use supporting evidence to back this up. You may also want to include some relevant anecdotes or stories to further illustrate your key points. When delivering the speech, practice pacing yourself and speaking clearly and confidently – this will make all the difference with how much content you’re able to get across. Ultimately, it comes down to how well you craft your message in such a short time frame; however, with careful preparation, you should be able to fit in a good amount of information that engages the audience.

How can I ensure my 3 minute speech is engaging?

When delivering a 3 minute speech, it is important to make sure your audience is engaged and attentive. To help ensure that your speech is engaging and effective, be sure to: 1. Focus on presenting your main points clearly and concisely. Make sure to choose words that are easily understood, and don’t be afraid to repeat yourself if needed. Keep your language simple , and avoid using abstract concepts. 2. Use stories, analogies or examples when introducing new topics or providing context for what you are talking about. This will allow the audience to better understand the content of your speech, while also making it more interesting and engaging. 3. Maintain good eye contact with your audience when speaking and use gestures when appropriate. This will show that you are confident and engaged in what you are saying. It will also help keep their attention on you rather than other distractions in the room. 4. Make sure to practice your speech beforehand so you can deliver it accurately, at a comfortable pace, and without running over time. Being able to gauge the allotted time of the speech and keep it within bounds will show the audience that you have prepared properly for the occasion. By following these tips, you can ensure that your 3 minute speech is both engaging and effective in communicating your key points to your audience.

How long is a 1 minute speech?

The number of words for a 1 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 100 and 160 words in your speech.

How long is a 2 minute speech?

The number of words for a 2 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 200 and 320 words in your speech.

How long is a 3 minute speech?

The number of words for a 3 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 300 and 480 words in your speech.

How long is a 4 minute speech?

The number of words for a 4 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 400 and 640 words in your speech.

How long is a 5 minute speech?

The number of words for a 5 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 500 and 800 words in your speech.

How long is a 6 minute speech?

The number of words for a 6 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 600 and 960 words in your speech.

How long is a 7 minute speech?

The number of words for a 7 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 700 and 1120 words in your speech.

How long is a 8 minute speech?

The number of words for a 8 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 800 and 1280 words in your speech.

How long is a 9 minute speech?

The number of words for a 9 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 900 and 1440 words in your speech.

How long is a 10 minute speech?

The number of words for a 10 minute speech will vary depending on the speaking speed, but generally you should aim to have between 1000 and 1600 words in your speech.

See How Many Words Is A 3-Minute Speech & How To Prepare One

Preparing for a 3-minute speech and wondering about How many words should your speech have to fit the golden time frame?

You’re at the right place! Today, we’re going to explore the art of giving the perfect 3-minute speech with the right number of words. So, whether you’re getting ready for a school presentation, a work-related event, or a wedding toast, we’ve got the best tips for you!

For giving a 3-minute speech, you’ll need around 420 words, but doing you’re best is about more than just the number of words. It’s all about the content of your speech, your gestures, and the techniques you use to connect deeply with the audience and make them listen carefully!

Want to make everyone stare at you with a smile when you’re giving your speech?

Scroll down and learn how to give the best 3-minute speech of all time!

Table of Contents

The Power of a 3-Minute Speech

What can you say in three minutes? Well, Winston Churchill gave his famous speech “Never Never Give Up” in only 1 minute! So, 3 minutes is enough to share a meaningful message. 

Want to know how many words you use for a 3-minute speech? You can always count them since everyone talks at different speeds! We’ll tell you how.

How Many Words Are in a 3-Minute Speech?

An average speaker needs around 420 words to speak for three minutes. However, the actual number of words depends on your speed, body language, and whether you use any visual aids like slides or not. Slides can slow you down, as you need to wait for the audience to grasp the information.

In general, if you’re a fast speaker you need around 500 to 510 words, if you’re an average speaker you’ll use around 420 words and if you’re really slow or you need to show photos, videos, or slides between your sentences, you’ll need 300 to 330 words in a 3-minute speech.

Ideal Words Per Minute (WPM)

You may have heard about the golden “WPM” (words per minute). Everyone has a WPM of their own!

If you want to find the ideal number of words for your own speech, try talking in a way that you neither rush nor linger during your speech and take the time. 

Make sure to do it when you’re calm and alone, and preferably read a pre-written passage with a word count.

How many words did you say in 3 minutes? That’s your ideal WPM! 

Crafting the Perfect 3-Minute Speech

The art of having the perfect 3-minute speech always starts with writing and planning! Now, we’ll give you a step-by-step guide that helps you create the speech of your life!

Step-by-Step Guide to Planning A 3-Minute Speech

Understand your audience.

Before putting pen to paper (or fingers to keyboard), consider who your audience is. Try answering some questions, including where are you going to talk. Who is your audience? In what fields do they have knowledge? What are their interests? What are their expectations?

Write the answers to your questions. This is how you create a unique image of your audience, like a real person whom you know and want to talk to.

Define Your Purpose

What message do you want to send to the audience? Write it on a piece of paper. For example write: “I’m going to teach them about customer service and how it changed in 2023”, or “I want to toast my best friends by telling a story about how they’re made for each other”!

 Be clear about the purpose of your speech. Are you informing, persuading, entertaining, or teaching? This defines your tone.

Structure Your Speech

This is a very important step!

A good speech has a clear beginning, middle, and ending. You should start with an attention-catching introduction, move to the mar in content which is your middle, and finish it with a memorable ending.

You should carefully think about how you’re going to start your speech. You can start with a personal memory, a story, a surprising fact, or a question to engage your audience.

Whatever your content is, remember that a good ending leaves your audience with a feeling of joy and it affects your whole speech. So, the ending is as important as how you start. 

You can finish your speech with a personal note, or talking about a future. A very creative way to end your speech is by asking someone else to finish it with a comment or question. This technique engages your audience and gives them the feeling of being included!

Choose Your Words Wisely

In only 3 minutes, every word counts! So, choose each one of them wisely. Use vivid language and make your point understandable. Avoid using phrases and terms that your audience doesn’t know. 

If you’re making a reference to a book or historical event, make sure everyone knows about it. Otherwise, you may leave some individuals puzzled, which is a negative point for a 3-minute speech.

Practice, Practice, Practice

Rehearsing your speech is crucial. It not only helps you refine your delivery but also ensures that you stay within the 3-minute timeframe.

Choosing the Right Topic

Every speech should have a topic. We don’t mean a general one, like a wedding toast or a university speech, but a more specific thing to talk about.

You can use some techniques for choosing a speech topic. Let’s learn some!

How To Choose A Good Topic For A 3-Minute Speech?

Our first suggestion is to look up the news about what you’re going to talk about. For example, if you’re giving a speech about business in the modern world you can search for new topics in business management.

Or if you’re giving a speech about saving the planet at school, you can search and read news about environmental issues of the day and choose one or two to talk about.

You can talk about people. For example, if you’re going to give a speech at the opening of a science fair, you can choose a scientist and talk about how their work is relevant to today’s science and the theme of your fair.

If you couldn’t brainstorm good ideas for your 3-minute speech, then you can take a look at the calendar! On what day you’re going to give the speech? See if there are any special events on that day. Feel free to check all calendars from all over the world!

You can also talk about something you really care about and relate it to the subject of the speech and your audience in some way. If you want to find the thing you care about, try completing the following questions.

“It makes me angry when…”, “I’d like to change the world to a place where…”, “Happiness for me is when…”. Get angry when someone harasses animals? Get delighted when see two people really in love? Want to change the world to a more just place for women? Here you go! 

Planning for Success

What happens if someone wants to ask you something in the middle of your speech? What if someone doesn’t laugh at your jokes?

You should be ready for every situation, and figure out how to be successful in each!

Using Technology to Prepare the Best Speech

Technology is here to save you from preparing your 3-minute speech! You can prepare your speech using different tools that are already popular and user-friendly.

Let’s see what they are and how to use them. 

Using Artificial Intelligence

AI is now revolutionizing everything, even your speech writing. For instance, you can write a prompt for your preferred AI (including Chatgpt and Bing AI) to help you plan, structure, and even write the content of your speech.

Use this prompt for example: “I want to give a three-minute speech about how to save the planet in my university. My audience includes Environmental Science professors and students. Create a plan for my speech.” 

Once you get the plan you like from the AI, ask it to “Write the speech according to the plan”.

Remember, the more specific and detailed your prompts are, the better speech you’ll get from the AI. so, make sure to tailor it according to what you really want. For example, you can always ask the AI to make your speech funnier, sadder, or even more engaging. 

The Disadvantages of AI for Writing a Speech

AI comes with its own dark side and you need to be aware of its limitations. It produces generic content. This means that it lacks the personalization that a speech needs. This is why speeches generated solely by AI may not connect to the audience as well as human-written ones.

As a speaker, originality is part of your brand and a part of your audience’s experience. So, you shouldn’t just rely on AI. Don’t forget a touch of you in your speech!

When you’re giving a speech, it’s important to use the right tone, the right words, and the right grammar. We may make many grammatical mistakes when we talk to each other, but giving a speech is more than that! 

Having grammatical errors could turn your speech into a drag!

Grammarly is an AI-powered writing assistant that can improve the quality of your speech. It helps you spot and correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors, ensuring your speech is polished and error-free.

If you’re a premium user, you can also ask it to change your tone, and help you craft a persuading and memorable speech!

Using Speech Writing Services

Want a speech for your Ted Talk and still have no clue?

There are people out there who are experts in writing and planning the best speeches ever! So, if you tried every technique and you just got lost, don’t worry! 

There are many people like you who can give a great speech but can’t plan it without help. Let’s see how you can find someone who writes a speech like it came right from your heart!

PeoplePerHour

PeoplePerHour is a platform that connects you with talented freelancers from all over the world. Just go on and type “Speech Writer” in its search box and you’ll see many experts who can write what you want at any price!

For a 3-minute speech, you can find a freelancer to do it for $20 to $400 on People Per Hour!   Make sure to read every freelancer’s profile and client experiences before ordering your speech!

ProBlogger Job Board

The ProBlogger Job Board is another platform that connects you to freelancers, but this time only to writers! You can see people and firms who accept freelance writing projects, from website content writing to paper writing for a project!

Go on and search for a “Speech Writer”. You can find many freelancers who can tailor a great piece of speech based on your specific needs.

WriterAccess

WriterAccess is a trusted content creation platform that many freelance writers sign up on. You can find someone you can trust to write your speech at the best price on Writer Access! 

Around 15000 freelance writers are on writer access now. Go on and search for someone to write a great speech for you!

Becoming a Master of Public Speaking

A 3-minute speech could be the start of your journey as a public speaker. You may have many things in mind that you want to share with the rest of the world, but you just don’t know where to start and what to do to give a great speech.

Let’s talk about some techniques that help you become a confident speaker in your first 3-minute speech!

Tips and Techniques for Delivering Engaging Speeches

If you’re giving a speech at work, whether to your colleagues or clients, the first thing is to write the most important qualities of your audience. Know what are their needs and concerns. 

The most important thing about a working speech is that it must be clear and right to the point. Avoid lengthy openings and use a clear introduction.

Visual aids like slides and charts could be helpful for this setting.

Remember, work speeches, even three-minute ones, could be boring. Encouraging questions and inviting the listeners to engage is a perfect technique for the perfect address!

The last tip is to have a fun fact or a personal (but not offensive at all joke) for everyone. It helps you have a warmer work speech and create an inclusive environment where everyone from your work belongs.

Get out of that boring and cliche work speech samples with all the facts and figures and try to be someone that everyone likes to listen to.

At a Funeral

Funeral speech is tricky because you’re sad and you must think about giving a good speech at the same time. 

The first step toward a successful funeral speech is showing empathy. Speak from the heart, and realize the pain that every friend and family member shares with you. 

Sharing personal memories, especially happy ones is a great technique since it creates a good view of the deceased’s character. 

Speak at a comfortable pace take deep breaths and pause when you need. Remember, crying in this situation is natural, so let it all go naturally.

Remember to honor all aspects of the deceased’s life, like their achievements, relationships, and contributions. Include everyone! Thank them for coming and try to forgive anyone who had a problem with the deceased on their behalf.

Speaking at school can be a valuable opportunity to build your confidence. Many students will acknowledge you after this! 

Want to do it the best way?

Choose a topic that your classmates are already familiar with. What’s the hot topic among you guys these days? Bands? Friendship groups? Throwing the best parties or a new video game? Choose a topic that everyone listens to!

Remember to start practicing soon. First, read the speech for yourself, and practice it so much that you memorize it! Then give the speech in front of your close friends and family, and ask for their feedback.

If you’re afraid of making eye contact and smiling or having facial expressions, spot some of your best friends and only look at them for the first minutes of your speech. This way, you practice while giving the speech, and little by little, you can move to other students and talk while looking right into their eyes.

This helps you craft the best speech and also shed all that stress and appear very confident for the main speech!

Using visuals like images, diagrams, and props makes everyone engage more with what you’re saying.

At University

When you’re giving a speech at university, your audience consists of your professors and peers, who are all involved in the academic world!

This is why you should keep your speech academic and engaging at the same time!

First of all, choose a title that matches the interest of your audience. Then, start to research. Look up the title and gather the needed information to support your argument.

In the world of academia, even a 3-minute speech needs to be based on well-researched content!

The structure is also very important. So make your introduction clear, and point out your main arguments. Be sure to finish with a solid conclusion that fits the logic of your argument. Don’t be afraid to reference academic sources.

Something that really matters in an academic speech is the ability to manage time effectively. You should respect the time you’ve been allocated, and deliver your points within the time limit! So, 3 minutes is all you got!

Remember, since you’re delivering a speech in a more academic context, you should have a more formal speaking style. Avoid casual speech habits, and try using a professional tone.

A primary mission of academia and academic speech is to create discussion. So, go on and ask questions before and after your speech, and let your peers engage in it as well.

At a Graduation Party

Selected to deliver a speech on the most memorable day of every student? What an opportunity! Make sure to seize it!

First of all, try to include everyone. In this short time, you can highlight the graduates’ accomplishments and tell everyone how you’ve all grown together.

Be positive and encourage your peers, whether they enjoyed their academic life or they’re planning on having a better academic future!

Be thankful to your teacher and the parents who’ve been supporting you through all these years! Express your gratitude by thanking everyone, including the graduates!

Ending on a high note is the perfect technique for finishing this speech. Conclude your speech with a memorable quote or piece of advice about ending or graduation. Something that impresses everyone and reminds them there’s a future to look out for!

At a Wedding Toast

When someone trusts you with their wedding toast, it means they trust that you’re going to deliver the most heartfelt speech.

To do so, begin with warmth. It’s a great idea to congratulate the newlyweds and give them warm wishes. You can say how excited you are to see them at the beginning of their most amazing journey in life!

Share a personal story in your 3-minute wedding toast! This story should reflect the couple’s love and character. You can choose either a funny tone or a romantic one, but try to be engaging!

Remember, wedding toasts are usually sweet and short! So, after a short personal story, conclude your speech by inviting everyone to raise their glasses and join in a toast to the couple’s happiness and love.

More General Tips and Techniques

Before delivering to the public, practice your speech a few times! Start with giving the speech in front of people who you trust. This builds confidence and helps you have a smooth delivery without any voice shakes!

Know Your Material

Know what you’re talking about. Research before speaking and if your speech includes any events, dates, historical or scientific references, make sure your knowledge is legit.

Confidence always comes from knowledge!

Use Engaging Body Language

Pay attention to your posture. Make eye contact with everyone, smile, and don’t forget your hand gestures. Your body also talks and engages the audience. 

Giving a speech with fallen hands or shoulders, with a neutral facial expression, or with your hands knotted on your chest could make it one of your worst speeches of all time. Try searching for Ted Talk videos and looking at how speakers act and move their bodies.

Vary Your Voice

Monotonous speech is the worst! Remember to adjust your tone, pitch, and pace and change them when needed. Your voice can prevent your audience from getting bored!

Frequently Asked Questions

How long should a 500-word speech take.

A 500-word speech usually takes around 4 to 5 minutes to deliver in an effective way. However, it depends on your pace and pauses. If you’re a fast speaker, you can deliver a 500-word speech in 4 minutes!

Is 400 words enough for a 3-minute speech?

Yes, if you speak at an average pace you can deliver 400 words in a 3-minute timeframe. Try practicing it beforehand and calculating your WPM.

What is the ideal duration for a 1,000-word speech to keep the audience engaged?

Regarding that a 1000-word speech is considered a long one, it should take you no more than 7-8 minutes to deliver it. This time is calculated considering the time for pauses and emphasis. If it takes you more than 8 minutes, you may bore the audience. 

How many pages should a 3-minute speech typically span?

It depends on the font size and spacing you use but a 3-minute speech should be 2 pages. Try using word count since it’s a more reliable criterion. A 3-minute speech should have between 380 to 420 words.

How many words are typically spoken in a 1-minute speech?

We can usually speak around 120 to 150 words in a one-minute speech if we aim to deliver a clear speech. If we speak faster than that, the audience is more likely to lose comprehension.

So, now you’re confident to start planning on your speech, right? 

Today, we learned how to craft and deliver a good 3-minute speech. We learned that it usually takes 420 words to speak for 3 minutes, and it’s not a short time! You can deliver many important messages in just 180 seconds!

This is why you should pay close attention to your planning. Every speech should have an opening, main body, and ending. Each of these sections is important and will affect the audience’s perception of your ability as a speaker.

You should also be careful when choosing a topic, and preparing for different occasions. You need different sets of skills and techniques to showcase for giving a speech at work, a funeral, school, university, graduation party, or delivering a wedding toast!

Each situation needs its own tailored ways of delivery, and we learned all about them as well!

If you’re looking for professional assistance, we’ve highlighted the platforms that can help you find the best freelance speechwriters at your budget, including PeoplePerHour, ProBlogger Job Board, and WriterAccess.

Now you know everything about delivering the 3-minute speech of your life, and you’re good to go! Step onto that stage with confidence and share your message with passion. Be sure that you can leave your audience with a feeling of inspiration.

The world is ready to hear your voice. Are you?

Value: the highlighted parts + step-by-step guide to planning a 3-minute speech

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Introducing Speech Time Calculate

Estimate how many minutes your speeches, presentations, and voice-over scripts will take based on your words per minute rate!

How To Speech Time Calculate Using This Tool?

If you have a certain number of words or a piece of text you want to time, you can either type in the word count or paste the text into the provided area. This tool will then calculate how long it would take to read that text out loud.

The talk time estimate is calculated using the average speaking speed of adults, which is determined to be 183 words per minute based on scientific studies. If you’re interested in how long it would take to read silently, it’s estimated at 238 words per minute ( This data is also backed by research )

You can adjust the slider to change the words per minute value, which will affect the talk time estimate. However, the silent reading time estimate remains fixed at 238 words per minute.

For ease of use, we’ve also provided reference points for slow, average, and fast reading rates below the slider.

To begin anew, simply click the ‘clear text’ button to erase the content and restore the slider back to its original setting of 183.

Who is This Words to Minutes Converter Tool For?

If you are a student wondering how long is my essay or you’ve been tasked with writing a speech and need to know how many words to aim for and how many minutes will it take to deliver or perhaps you are a podcaster, just starting out, who wants the ability to easily synchronize music and spoken word without having to painstakingly calculate seconds between them, then this Speech Time Calculate is precisely for you!

From now on, instead of spending long hours in front of the computer trying to figure out how many seconds it takes for one phrase or section of dialogue to end and another to begin, you can let our innovative tool do all the work and convert your text to time quickly and accurately. With this powerful tool at your disposal, whether you’re giving a TED talk or just need to nail a business presentation, your life will become a little bit easier.

So keep reading to learn more about what this fantastic words to minutes converter has in store for public speakers, aspiring students, and professional radio producers alike!

Whether you want to read the text silently or speak aloud, you can use this tool as both:

• Reading time calculator
• Talk time calculator

Explanation of the Reading Time

Reading time refers to the duration it takes for an average person to read a written text silently while still comprehending its content. Based on an extensive analysis of 190 studies that involved 18,573 participants , research conducted by Marc Brysbaert in 2019 suggests that the typical silent reading speed for an adult individual is approximately 238 words per minute .

To convert word count to read time for a specific text, you can do so by dividing the total word count of the text by this established value of 238. Here is the mathematical equation for determining the duration of reading time in minutes:

Reading Time = Total Word Count / 238

Explanation of the Speech Time

Speech time refers to the duration it takes for an average person to read a text out loud. Based on data from 77 studies involving 5,965 people , it’s been found that most adults read aloud at a speed of approximately 183 words per minute ( research conducted by Marc Brysbaert in 2019 ). To figure out how long it will take to read a specific piece of text aloud, you can divide the total number of words in the text by this average rate of 183 words per minute.

Of course, it’s important to note that talk time can vary depending on factors such as clarity of speech, pauses for emphasis, and use of visual aids. However, using this tool for converting the number of words to minutes can still provide a helpful guideline for planning and practicing your presentation. By having a better understanding of speech rates, you can ensure that your message is delivered effectively and efficiently.

Benefits of Using a Speech Time Calculate

Time management in presentations.

Effective time management during presentations is crucial to ensure the audience remains engaged and the information is accurately conveyed. This is where our words to speaking time converter comes in handy. By using this tool, presenters can easily determine how many words they need to include in their presentation to stay within the allotted time frame.

Not only does it help with time management, but it also ensures that the pacing of the presentation is consistent, making it easier for the audience to follow. With the use of this presentation time calculator, presenters can confidently deliver their presentations without the worry of running over time or rushing through it.

Estimated speech time for public speaking

Public speaking can be nerve-wracking, especially when you have too little or too much information to fill your time slot. You wonder only if there were an accurate public speaking time calculator available so that you could be able to allocate the appropriate amount of time to each section of your presentation, ensuring that you cover all the necessary points without rushing or going over time.

Effective pacing is key in ensuring your message is delivered with clarity and impact.

Most public speakers target an average of 130-150 words per minute for their spoken content, meaning you should aim to limit your speaking time to roughly one minute per 130-150 words. While this may take some practice to achieve, the end result is a confident, well-timed delivery that keeps your audience engaged from start to finish.

Remember, in public speaking, less is often more—take your time to breathe and emphasize key points. Your audience will appreciate your thoughtful and measured approach. For that, you can use this tool and adjust your words to speech time.

Accurate estimations for audiobooks and podcasts

As more and more people turn to audiobooks and podcasts for their entertainment and information needs, accurate estimations of listening time have become more important than ever. After all, there’s nothing worse than settling in for a quick listen only to find yourself trapped in a story that goes on for hours longer than you anticipated.

That’s why it’s great to see publishers and podcast producers taking estimated reading time seriously, providing listeners with the information they need to choose the right content for their schedule. Whether you’re looking for a quick listen on your daily commute or a lengthy distraction for a lazy Sunday afternoon, accurate estimations using this words to speak time calculator make it easier than ever to find the perfect content.

Some Popular Speech Times

how many words in a 2 minute speech

Almost 300 words

how many words in a 3 minute speech

Almost 450 words

how many words in a 4 minute speech

Almost 600 words

how many words in a 15 minute speech

Almost 2250 words

The speech time is calculated taking 150 words per minute as reference value

Common conversions (average speed)

How long does it take to read 500 words?

3.8 minutes

How long does it take to read 750 words?

5.8 minutes

How long does it take to read 1000 words?

7.7 minutes

How long does it take to read 1200 words?

9.2 minutes

How long does it take to read 1500 words?

11.5 minutes

How long does it take to read 1800 words?

13.8 minutes

How long does it take to read 2000 words?

15.4 minutes

How long does it take to read 3000 words?

23.1 minutes

As the world becomes more fast-paced, time is a precious commodity. Determining how long your script will take to read, whether for a presentation or a video, can make a significant difference in engaging and retaining your audience’s attention.

That’s where our Words to Time Converter comes in handy. It’s a valuable tool for anyone working in various professions, from broadcast journalists to teachers to executives. No matter the industry, time is of the essence, and knowing how long your speech or presentation will take is crucial for effective communication.

Speech calculator:  how long does it take to deliver your speech?

With this speech calculator, you can easily calculate how long it will take you to deliver a speech.

How many words per minute?

In the English language, people speak about 140 words per minute. A fast speaker will get to 170 words per minute, a slow speaker will use around 110 words.

Professional speechwriters use this speech calculator to find out how long a speech takes.

Copy your full text and paste it in the box below:

The entire analysis happens within your browser. The text will NOT be stored and NOT be sent over the web.

Word count:

Your speech rate:

Speech duration:

FAQ’s

How many words is a 3 minute speech  .

A speaker with an average speaking speed will need 420 words for a 3 minute speech. A fast speaker will need 510 words while a slow speaker will only need 330 words.

How many words is a 5 minute speech?  

A speaker with an average speaking speed will need 700 words for a 5 minutes speech. A fast speaker will need 850 words for the same speech length. A slow speaker will only need 550 words.

Is this a word count calculator?  

The speech calculator is a word count calculator. Insert your text and the tool will automatically calculate the word count.  It will then also calculate the speech length depending on the selected talking speed.

How to best select the right speaking speed?

Fast, average or slow? The answer depends on the speaker, the speech type and the speech setting.

The speaking speed of the speaker

Some speakers are natural fast or slow speakers. The best speakers keep a variance during their speeches. They speed up to keep momentum and slow down to put special emphasis on other parts.

The speech type

The type of speech matters a lot in selecting the right speech speed. If you read the whole speech word for word from paper then your average speech speed will be lower. If you intend to use the written speech as speaker notes then your average speaking speed will be much higher.

The speech setting

An informal setting will have a faster average speaking speed compared to a more formal setting.

Keeping all three factors in mind you will able make a better judgement about selecting the right speech speed in the speech calculator.

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• How many words per minute in a speech

How many words per minute in a speech?

A quick guide for slow, average and fast rates of speech.

By:  Susan Dugdale  

If you're preparing a speech or presentation with a strict time limit it’s useful to have an estimate of the number of words you’ll need to fit the number of minutes you've been given.

And it's even more useful to have those guidelines before you rush into writing, only to discover when you’re done, you’ve written far too much. Something I used to do on a regular basis! (And then, I had the tedious job of pruning to fit.)

What's on this page:

How many words are there in a 1-minute speech, how many words are there in a 2-minute speech, how many words are there in a 3-minute speech, how many words are there in a 4-minute speech, how many words are there in a 5-minute speech, how many words are there in a 6-minute speech, how many words are there in a 7-minute speech, how many words are there in an 8-minute speech, how many words are there in a 9-minute speech, how many words are there in a 10-minute speech, how many words are there in a 15-minute speech, how many words are there in a 20-minute speech, how many words are there in a 25-minute speech, how many words are there in a 30-minute speech.

• How to calculate your own speech rate: 2 easy methods
• How many pages is a 4, 7 or 20-minute speech?     

About this quick reference guide

The following table (below) shows the average number of words spoken per minute for speeches from 1 to 30 minutes long. It's a quick reference guide: one only intended to provide general information.

Who, and what, is truly average?

An average word count for any timed speech (one minute, two minutes, three, four, five, six...or more, minutes) is impossible to give. As there really is no such thing as an average person, who uses an average rate of words per minute when they speak.

We are individuals: each of us different. Speech patterns and speech (speaking) rates vary considerably between person to person for a great many reasons. The best you’ll ever get is an educated guess.

Use as an estimate: test yourself to be sure

That aside, the following estimates will give you a handy indication of the number of minutes it takes to say x number of words depending on whether you talk at a slow speed, a medium speed or you're one of the world's fast talkers.

(And, no, it's never a good idea to gabble at a mile a minute to fit everything you've prepared into the length of time you've been given!)

To be absolutely sure what you've done will fit the time allocation you've been given it's a good idea to test yourself to establish your own speaking rate or speed of speech .

How many pages is a 'x' minute speech?

Multiple variations on the question how many pages are needed for a speech are frequently asked. For instance:

• How many pages is a 4-minute speech?
• How many pages is a 7-minute speech?
• How many pages is a 20-minute presentation?

Unfortunately, the answer is not simple. Calculating the number of A4 pages of text you need for a speech of any number of minutes long is tricky for two reasons.

How many words are on an A4 page?

The first reason is that the number of words on an A4 page depends on how the page has been formatted. The answers to the questions below make a very big difference to the total number of pages needed to print a speech.

• What is the font family being used? (Different fonts take up differing amounts of space because of the shape/design of their characters.)  
• What is the size of the font? (The font size you're reading right now is 20px.)
• What is the spacing between each of the letters in a word?
• What is the spacing between each line of text? Is it single spacing, 1.5 or double line spacing?
• What spacing has been set for paragraphs?
• What size have the margins of the page been set at?
• Are there headings? Sub-headings or lists?

On average if the font is plain, (sans-serif, without embellishment), like Arial or Verdana, its size is set for 12px, and the line spacing is set for 1.5, then a page may have between 400-500 words on it.

Speech rate changes how we calculate the number of words we need

The second reason why using the number of pages to gauge how long a speech will take to deliver is problematical is because we speak at different rates. 

A 500-word page may take someone speaking at very slow rate 4 minutes to get through.

Another person, who has a much faster speaking rate, may take about 2.5 minutes to deliver exactly the same text.

Using the number of pages as a guide for a speech that has to fit a time limit is completely unreliable.

If you need to use a 'guesstimate' use the speech rate table below. Forget about counting the pages! 

If you are a slow speaker, less than 120 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 120 - 160 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 160 - 200 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 240 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 240 - 320 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 320 - 400 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 360 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 360 – 480 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 480 - 600 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 480 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 480 – 640 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 640 - 800 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 600 words,

If you speak at an average speed between: 600 – 760 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 760 - 1000 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 720 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 720 – 960 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 960 - 1200 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 840 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 840 – 1120 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 1120 - 1400 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 960 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 960 – 1280 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 1280 - 1600 words.

If you are a slow speaker less than 1080 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 1080 – 1440 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 1440 - 1800 words.

If you are a slow speaker a little less than 1200 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 1200 – 1600 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 1600 - 2000 words.

If you are a slow speaker, a little less than 1,800 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 1,800 - 2,400 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 2,400 - 3,000 words.

If you are a slow speaker, a little less than 2,400 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 2,400 - 3,200 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 3,200 - 4,000 words.

If you are a slow speaker, a little less than 3,000 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 3,000 - 4,000 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 4,000 - 5,000 words.

If you are a slow speaker, a little less than 3,600 words.

If you speak at an average speed between: 3,600 - 4,800 words.

If you are a fast speaker between: 4,800 - 6,000 words.

Return to Top

Find out more about speech rate

• How to calculate your own words per minute speech rate - two easy methods
• The factors influencing a faster rate or slower rate of speech
• How to develop an ideal rate of speech : one matching content, speech purpose and your audience: six exercises for flexible speaking rate

Words per minute calculator

Lastly here's the link to a useful online words per minutes calculator . Once you've completed your speech enter the total number of words, and select whether you want it to give you an average for a minute of your speech at a slow rate, average or fast rate. Again, it's a 'guesstimate'. ☺

The only really safe way to find out whether your speech fits your time allocation is to say it aloud at an ideal rate or pace: one taking into account the content, and the audience who is going to listen to it, while timing it.

(Use the record function on your phone. It will assist in lots of other ways too! You'll hear where you need more vocal variety, where your pronunciation is blurred ...and, so on. It's super helpful.)

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How to Write a 3-Minute Speech Fast

How to write a 3-minute speech.

A three-minute speech may sound short, but in reality, many words and thoughts can be expressed in that time frame. Despite the time frame, it is possible to prepare quickly for your three-minute speech if you are familiar with the subject material. The key is to write a solid outline that gives you space to add or omit information depending on how much time you have left. Public speaking can be difficult if you’re not prepared with time-limits, body language, speech rates, PowerPoints, eye contact, communication skills, correct subject manner, personal story touches, key points and things to say to keep the audience’s attention.

Like a 5-minute speech or 10-minute speech, time constraints are present and affect the speaker’s speaking rate, formal speech aspects for real-life performance, word counts, subject matter included, number of words shared, and call to actions through your body of your speech said in the amount of time given. Short speeches call for more attention to detail as well as smaller bullet points of subject matter as well as a more impactful end of your speech.

Write one sentence stating the topic of your speech and what you hope to relay to the audience. Decide whether this speech is persuasive, celebratory, argumentative or any other style so you can know how to proceed. This sentence is not to be read during your speech, but is rather a reference for you as you write your speech to help you stay focused.

Write an opening statement that is sure to grab the attention of your audience. Depending on the topic and the crowd, you may want to consider starting with an amusing anecdote, a startling statistic or an interesting quote from a relevant source.

Write a quick outline of the main points you want to make in your speech. Label these with Roman numerals and, if you are typing, highlight them in bold so you can find your place quickly when delivering your speech. For a three-minute speech, choose no more than five main points.

Write three to five short items that support each of your main points. Number them. Using capital letters may help differentiate them from your main points at a glance.

Write as much of your speech word-for-word as you believe you will need, inserting the sentences within the outline. The less you add, the faster you will write your speech. However, this also means you must be comfortable forming coherent sentences and thoughts in the moment of delivery.

Memorize your speech and practice it in front of anyone willing to listen. Aim to glance down at your written speech only once every ten to twenty seconds.

Do not go on a tangent with any of your points. Not only is there no time for this within a three-minute speech, but this will make the writing process much slower. Stick to only the most relevant points you want to make. Type your speech. Not only will this help you write and structure your speech faster, it is neater and easier to read.

Related Articles

Four Methods for Delivering Oral Presentations

How to Establish Credibility in an Informative Speech

How to Use a Summarization for APA Format

How to give an annual day speech in school.

How to Write a Testimonial Speech

Speech Techniques for High School

How to Give a Dedication Speech

Dramatic Reading Speech Ideas

• The Mental Game Coach: Top Ten Tips for Writing and Delivering Very Brief Speeches
• Harvard Business School: Speechwriting Under the Gun
• Do not go on a tangent with any of your points. Not only is there no time for this within a three-minute speech, but this will make the writing process much slower. Stick to only the most relevant points you want to make.
• Type your speech. Not only will this help you write and structure your speech faster, it is neater and easier to read.

Kara Page has been a freelance writer and editor since 2007. She maintains several blogs on travel, music, food and more. She is also a contributing writer for Suite101 and has articles published on eHow and Answerbag. Page holds a Bachelor of Music Education degree from the University of North Texas.

Best 3 Minute Speech Topics (How to Come Ideate)

Hrideep barot.

• Body Language & Delivery , Presentation , Public Speaking , Speech Topics , Speech Writing

It’s challenging to deliver a speech in front of a large crowd, but choosing 3-minute topics is far harder. Moreover, the audience would not be engaged in the speech from the start if the speaker did not have an engaging or compelling topic or title.

You’ve come to the perfect article if you want to learn everything there is to know about 3-minute topics in order to improve your public speaking skills. So, READ ON.

Importance of 3-minute speeches

Speaking for three minutes is undoubtedly difficult to master. You must unquestionably conduct an adequate study and choose crucial issues to include in your speech. It is crucial to realise that you must deliver the most essential information first while speaking in a restricted amount of time, such as a 3-minute speech.

A three-minute speech is undoubtedly a wonderful starting point for public speaking. This is because you need to communicate with your audience more effectively when you just have a short amount of time. In addition, the speech ought to be concise, pertinent, and clear. Be more relatable to the audience and speak for them. To be the best, you must improve your communication abilities.

While giving a three-minute speech is fantastic, the fear of public speaking might frequently prevent you from doing it effectively. Without a doubt, practice and dedication will aid you in overcoming your deficiencies. You will undoubtedly master the art of public speaking if you overcome all of these obstacles. You can overcome your fear of public speaking by developing a few specific abilities.

What to say in a 3-minute speech?

Although a three-minute speech may seem brief, a lot of words and ideas may be said in that time. Despite the time constraint, if you are conversant with the subject matter, you may prepare for your three-minute speech swiftly. The secret is to create a strong outline that allows you to add or remove details based on how much time you have left.

1. Choose a topic

The topic of your speech and the main points you want to convey to the audience should be stated in one phrase. Choose the speech’s style—persuasive, celebratory, argumentative, or any other—so that you’ll know how to move on. This phrase should not be spoken aloud during your speech; instead, use it as a guide to help you focus while you write it.

2. Prepare an introduction 

Write an attention-grabbing introduction paragraph to draw the audience in. You could wish to think about opening with a humorous anecdote, a stunning statistic, or an intriguing quotation from a relevant source, depending on the subject and the audience.

3. Summarise the key points

You should quickly summarise the key points you wish to cover in your speech. Roman numerals should be used to identify these, and if you are typing, bold it to make it easier for you to see where you are in your speech. No more than five key points should be used in a three-minute speech.

4. Support the key points with evidence/examples

Each of your primary claims should be supported by three to five brief paragraphs. Count them. Using capital letters may make it easier for readers to quickly distinguish them from your major arguments.

5. Make an outline

Write as much of your speech as you think you’ll need to, word for word, then enter the phrases inside the outline. You’ll be able to write your speech more quickly the less you include. However, this also requires that you feel at ease structuring logical phrases and thoughts just before speaking.

6. Practise the speech

Prepare your speech in advance and memorise it before giving it to anyone who would listen. Aim for no more than one quick peek at your written speech every ten to twenty seconds.

How to prepare for a 3-minute speech?

1. organize yourself.

Before speaking in front of an audience, it’s a good idea to organise yourself. Furthermore, you must be aware that speaking clearly requires organising your thoughts and ideas.

2. Practice a lot

Hard labour, which you need to practise for, is the secret to excellent public speaking. Do it as much as you can; practice is something you just can’t get enough of. Moreover, start by putting the key points of your speech into practice.

3. Stay focused

Keep your speech on topic by avoiding letting other things distract you. Moreover, you can deliver your finest work by remaining focused. In addition, it is crucial to maintain your attention on the essential ideas and avoid being sidetracked by anything else.

4. Stay calm

You do have a fear of public speaking, but try to calm yourself down and remember that it won’t last forever. You can certainly get past it. Simply calming down and taking deep breaths can help a lot, especially when confidence is being threatened by fear.

5. Grab the audience’s attention

Keeping the audience interested is essential to giving a successful speech. Yes, it naturally improves confidence when you know that the audience is interested in hearing you and that you can engage them with strong information. Furthermore, by being more appealing to and relatable to the audience, you may gain their attention.

Length of a 3-minute speech 

At a normal speech rate of 130 words per minute , a three-minute speech would typically contain 390 words (wpm) .

In addition, the average speaking pace, according to speech and writing instructor Daphne Gray-Grant, is 125 to 150 words per minute , or 375 to 450 words for a three-minute speech.

Exploring 3-minute topics

• Look for events in periodicals, journals, and newspapers. At this point, it makes no difference if the information is current or historical; what matters are recent interesting facts that grab people’s attention. Articles on topics that interest you and those you feel at ease discussing are solid indicators.
• Note down any suggestions you may have for engaging speech topics. For a public speaking engagement, create a brief list of potential topics for yourself. Then skip the ones that are too hard and tough to prepare for in 8 to 10 minutes.
• For further in-depth knowledge about your topic, look up some online books on it. Alternately, visit a library and ask for books and scholarly articles on your topic. Moreover, try to comprehend the author’s treatment of it. How is he structured? Which facts, evidence, or arguments are the most persuasive? What instances and examples has she or he used?
• Peerless trustworthy statistics and recent findings can aid with writing and editing. Keep an eye out for debates, unusual viewpoints, and oddities. How do you feel about it? What do you hope they will make of it?
• Consider interesting interpretive cues to discuss that are linked. Try to add new ideas, consider things from different perspectives, or simply flip your assumptions as you look at your rough list. Furthermore, look at the unique features that shock the listeners. That has the potential to greatly enlighten the public’s judgement. What you try to explain or demonstrate in a few minutes, they can also feel, see, taste, and smell.
• Look for remarks, arguments in favour and against, and supporting and opposing opinions. Where you wish to draw attention to or underline a seemingly impossible point in your intriguing topic concept, include graphic aids.
• Watch debate programmes, historical documentaries, and newscasts, such as the morning and evening news. In particular, they are useful for creating a basic list of wheedling brainstorms.

General 3-minute topics

• Why is it so hard for us to fathom life without technology?
• Why are effective communication skills so crucial?
• An excellent sense of humour is crucial.
• My worst life event and the lessons it taught me.
• Helpful advice for acing an interview.
• Every firm should prioritise cybersecurity.
• How well does technology match our expectations?
• How can I choose a good career?
• Why being young is not all that it seems to be?
• Why do manners matter so much in defining a person?

Simple 3-minute topics 

• How the globe is becoming more united because of social media
• Why pets are preferable to kids
• My most embarrassing circumstance
• How to deal with the issue of online trolls
• My hope for mankind
• How to get the ideal selfie
• Why veganism is the way to go
• 5 tips for cutting down on cooking time
• Why lying is occasionally required
• What I wish a wise person had told my parents before I was born 

Funny 3-minute topics 

• Most amusing childhood memory 
• One Occasion I Got Caught 
• Quickly Make Money 
• When I Was Arrested
• My 15 Minutes of Fame
• A Time When I Escaped My Home
• Best Reasons To Miss Work
• How to Cheat on a Test
• The Weirdest Person I’ve Ever Known
• We are the individuals of whom our parents warned us.

Unique 3-minute topics 

• The finest kind of advertising will always be word of mouth.
• Racism will always exist.
• Sale flyers are ineffective.
• Text communications were destroyed by WhatsApp.
• People’s responses to you are influenced by your attire.
• The best form of government is democracy.
• There should only be organic farming.
• There is reincarnation.
• The most enthusiastic teachers are those who are young.
• People who lack order are more inventive.

3-minute topics for students

Everyone has interests, and everyone enjoys discussing them. You know, hobbies could also be passions. Simple inquiries to pose include:

• What interests you?
• Why are your activities so appealing to you?
• When do you engage in these pastimes?
• What are your hobbies, how long have you been doing them, and how did you start?
• What pastimes did you once enjoy but no longer do?
• Is it necessary to engage in hobbies? Why or why not?

Everyone enjoys music, and the majority of people have extremely strong feelings about it, especially when it comes to the music they enjoy (or detest) the most. Simple inquiries to make include the following:

• What genres of music do you enjoy or find boring?
• What emotions do various musical genres evoke in you?
• What genres of music are produced in your nation?
• What song, artist, or album is your favourite?
• What music is now in vogue in your nation?

3. Motivation

Whether or whether the pupils are motivated, it is a good idea to talk about motivation in order to motivate them. Examples of questions are:

• In general, how motivated are you?
• What spurs you on to action?
• What inspires people to accomplish the most?
• What actions do you do when you lack motivation?
• How can one effectively inspire others?

Everybody has objectives, and discussing them really makes us more motivated to take action. Goal-setting can be aided by sharing them with others. An excellent set of inquiries are:

• What are your present life objectives?
• How are your goals going to be attained?
• How frequently do you set yourself goals?
• What objectives have you previously set and attained?
• How do you feel after achieving your objectives?

Everyone has dreams, sometimes on a nightly basis, and discussing them in class is a terrific activity since it encourages pupils to be imaginative and even whimsical. Excellent inquiries on this subject include:

• How would you characterise your dreams?
• What do dreams represent to you?
• What percentage of your dreams can you recall? Why?
• What are your thoughts about prophecies? Are they genuine?
• What are some instances of your most cherished dreams?

Read the article for more useful insights: Speech titles and topics: Everything you need to know

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Final words 

Any speech, whether it be persuasive, informative, or emotive, must start with its theme. Moreover, the topic of the speech is chosen to convey a particular message to the audience and persuade them to accept the speaker’s views.

Making oneself a better and more persuasive speaker may benefit from the wise choice and effective utilisation of speech subjects.

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How to Master the Art of Speech on Time: Tips and Examples

I like building and growing simple yet powerful products for the world and the worldwide web.

Published Date : November 16, 2020

Reading Time :

Time is something we can’t discontinue after it passes the clock. However, speeches on how time was underrated, unlike money and school, can be remembered through a beautiful speech on time.

People like me have distractions and stressors in life; dealing with these all day is not just time-devouring but makes your day meaningless. Time is free. 

Everyone can experience the power of time; however, people waste it all.  People fail to take the objective of time and try to avoid that mistake.

 I will share some essential tips on how to write a speech on the importance of time management.

Do you ever wonder why time is so underrated yet important? Let me tell you. First, time is irreplaceable; you can’t bring back the time and vice versa; you can’t take back what you have done. 

Second, time teaches you life lessons. And lastly, it connects you to other people.

Importance of Giving Speech on Time 

Time is undervalued by some people nowadays. But did you know that this can help you do better and be more than who you are now?

Giving yourself and others 10 minutes to discuss your wounds and thoughts could change your life. Lending a hand and a minute to strangers could also be a powerful help.

Speak to a homeless man in a minute; indeed, they may feel more human and not outsiders and realize that any amount of time can be called a “time well spent.”

Every inch of time you spend with other people shows the significance of time. Furthermore, way back before the Christ era, time was also debatable. Here are some philosophers. 

For philosophers like Plato, time is celestial motion. That means time is divine and goes around repeatedly.  For Aristotle, time is appealing and striking but vague. It shows that time has no beginning and end; it depends upon the person who will begin the first moment and set the time.

Like those philosophers, you can also bring about the value, idea, and concept of time to open, not solely the eyes and ears. But even the youth’s minds can waste no time on unnecessary things through a beautiful speech and an eye-awakening speech on the importance of time management.

Things You Should Understand About Time

Writing a speech on time may seem challenging and demanding with the fast-changing life phases. Most people care more about worldly things, luxury, and other symbols of success in life, such as big houses, fancy clothes, cars, and jewelry.

By that, they waste their youth and days to finish workloads, not enjoying their time left. 

Moreover, people must value time and understand how it works. It is better to respect it and have more tasks done than waste less time.

 Let me discuss the following vital things you need to know about time. And learn to write a speech on the importance of time management.

Punctuality

First, time helps you and allows you to be punctual and reliable. Not to get things neither too early nor too late. But to get it and be there in that perfect time than others. 

Apart from that, you are showing respect to other people you have to meet. It teaches us how to meet people, greet people, and get people at the same time without hassling and stress. 

Time is Valuable

Are you the person likely looking most at their money, savings, and bank accounts? So, someone who exhausts too much on spending money to buy 24k things and other stuff?

 If you do, you are wasting your time. 

We all know that money can buy everything in this world; however, money can’t buy time and can’t bring back time. Also, money can’t buy affection and memories. 

Meaning that time holds fondness, admiration, appreciation, and more that people need to complete themselves and feed their spirits. It is something you feel in your heart and melts you, and that’s speech on time.

Importance of Time Management

Time allows you to be flexible according to your phase and teaches you to accomplish and attain more based on time management. This teaches you to take more opportunities and encourages you to surpass your limits.

Did you hear India Time, Filipino Time, and American Time? If not, these ideas came from taking the power of time for granted. Instead of arriving at 6 pm, they will come late or early. 

However, even if it sounds disrespectful, it becomes a tradition as people normalize. Respecting other people’s time shows courtesy.

Value their time as much as you handle your time to build good relationships and useful connections. 

Unpredictable Future 

“Gone too soon” is the phrase we are more likely to hear after a young individual dies. “This man does not enough bond with his children to give them a comfortable life,” while this one we can hear after a father died. 

The future is not ours to control; you should try to avoid regrets before your time comes. 

Furthermore, people should stop the habit of laziness and try to do things and workloads on time to bond more with their loved ones.

The Best Medicine

Time can mend all the pain, wounds, and scars you have in your heart. It heals our soul and past. Through time, you become mature and glow like sunshine after the storm. 

Apart from medical treatments, people intake to heal, and taking time for a break can be a huge factor for your healing or recovery. 

How to Write a Speech on Time

After defining what time and its value are, you should now inform yourself of the pointers you need to write a good speech on time. 

Time is fair to all people. Thus, people make it unfair. Since this topic is relatable to all ages, here are other tips on writing or giving a speech about time. 

1. Know Your Limits

Speeches can be formal, informal, semi-formal, and casual. But on this topic, you must contemplate your language and medium. 

Consider your audience’s sensitivity to slang and words that may trigger your listeners. Know how long your speech can be and always stick to your purpose. 

What stage of time do you want to tackle? Teenage days? Adulthood? or do you want them to be ready as they enter parenthood? Clear it to your audience.

2. Calculate Your Words

There are different speech lengths: a 1-minute speech , a 3-minute, 5 to 7, and a 10-minute speech . To avoid mistakes, always write according to the scope of the topic and purpose. If you can be precise, do it. 

• 100 to 300 words for a 1-2 minute speech
• 500 words for a 2-3 minute speech
• One thousand words for a 4-5 minute speech .     

  Be specific and straightforward. It would be best if you avoided word-by-word speeches.   

3. Tell Stories Not Facts

Speeches on time didn’t need to be based on science, facts, and history. To grab your listeners’ attention and heart, tell them warm stories, life lessons, and motivational stories to inspire them to live great, not waste time. 

Make them cry, laugh, and sad through your stories; with that, they will realize the value of your speech on time.

4. Know Your Purpose

Imparting your motive and objective should be seen in the first sentence of your first paragraph. Knowing your purpose helps you drive your speech quickly and smoothly. 

If you want a flawless speech on time, you should point out your purpose quickly. 

5. Write for Ears, Not for the Eyes

Presence and posture are the most striking in delivering a speech . But apart from these elements, you must also write effortlessly to feed your audience’s ears. 

Make them listen to you, let them think of you, and believe in your short speech on time.

Mistakes in Writing Speech on Time 

To balance the idea of how to write a speech on time, you should start avoiding these things so that you can do more and better.

1. Out of Purpose

Talking about time is not as heavy as the financial crisis, fatalities, violence, and other enormous topics. But people tend to deliver its purpose hard, forcing their audience to listen to every pointer.

Some public speakers and students are swayed by putting unnecessary details in the opening remarks of their speeches. 

In speeches on time, grasp the purpose tightly until the very end. The delivery method matters; if you speak casually but gently and with a soft voice, go for it up to the end. 

Sometimes, the purpose is there, but the delivery method can affect your goal and objective. 

2. Using Repetitive Words and Phrases

Stop delivering obvious and clichè meanings of time. Your audience will leave you if you say things usually said every day about time.

However, speak about what you think they were lacking and elaborate on it.

3. Not Sorting it Out to Parts

Vague speeches on time is a waste of time. Considering that “time” is ambiguous, you can chop your speech into five parts. You can have an introduction, pointers one to three, and a conclusion. 

With this, your audience can listen to you throughout your speech .

4. Wasting the Opening

Don’t start your opening speech on time with vague phrases and with “hi” and “hello.” Start it with a dynamic and robust statement that will capture your audience’s attention. 

5. Too Long

Most speakers write long speeches on time, believing the longer, the better. But it’s not, people nowadays want instant food, transportation and such.

 It is also correlated to speech on time. If you can bring the best about “time,” show it. 

6. Giving Facts Than Life Lessons

People are more in touch, hearing warm stories and stories that will boost their motivation. Instead of telling what the meaning of time is in science,

Tell stories of what is time for a 70-year-old war veteran, a teen, and a parent who loses her or his youth after entering parenthood. It makes sense to science. 

Steps To Follow for a Good Speech 

I know you are confused about starting a speech . Here are the steps for creating a short speech on time and the recommended speech coach app to achieve a fair and high-quality speech . 

Step 1: Know Your Audience

If your audience is older than you, make your words polite but striking. But if your listeners are younger than you, make it simple yet interactive. 

Know their ages and interests. It will help you have an engaging speech . But if you are not confident in filtering your words.

 The Orai speech coach can boost your confidence and help you clarify your choice of words.

Step 2: Collect Warm Stories

If you hesitate to add these types of information, Welcome and farewell speeches need warm stories to captivate your listeners’ hearts. 

Orai can listen first to your speech and help you handle your short speech on time, not too cheesy but not too gloomy.

Step 3: Create and Know Your Purpose

Having a purpose is the most critical element of a speech . Always stick to it. Dig it. Imparting a clear objective to your listeners can make you a good speaker.

Not all speakers can do that. To avoid it and achieve quality speech , get a speech coach like Orai to guarantee you deliver an address at its finest. 

You can watch free speech lessons and how to analyze speeches according to the topic. 

Step 4: Define Your Topic

Speakers should avoid plagiarism to define the topic of speech . To have your definition of the subject, collect facts and information connected to it, and interpret those pieces of information in your own words and knowledge.

A speech coach , like Orai, can define terms that may help you interpret your speech . You will save time and escape stress since Orai exists hassle-free. 

Step 5: Develop Your Outline

Before speaking to Orai, ensure you have an outline for your speech . With that, you can easily distinguish your pointers and which parts need emphasis. 

Step 6: Write! Write! Write!

Along with using Orai, continuously improving your speech can make it more extraordinary. There are some circumstances in which we forget or overlook good ideas in our minds. 

Also, developing your topic can make it concrete and tangible.

5 DO’s and Don’ts on Speech

Let’s sort things shortly with a table; you can also do your table, which will help you to have a heads up anytime. 

Evaluate Your Speech On Time

To deliver a good speech , you must ensure it is quality, well done, and has clear pointers. Apart from the mandatory purpose in speech , try to check your works through this.

You can also create one and try to answer it to others to get a unique result. Here is a template to rate your speech on the importance of time management. (1-5.)

Examples of Speech on Time  

Speeches can be long and short, depending on the setting and schedule.  To be more motivated in public speaking and to deliver a speech on time, you can get assistance from a speech coach , Orai. 

Let me give you a speech on the importance of watching time management videos. Enjoy!

• Speech on Time of a Kid

Raising kids confidently and not letting them have stage fright is vital for all parents. 

To inspire you and your kids, watch this one-minute speech on time by Prithvi Hedge.

• Motivational Speech On Time

Are you feeling down about how time flies so fast? Get this motivational speech on time video to help yourself. Lift your head. Here is The Value of Time.

Insert video: https://youtu.be/5e6VriahPsQ

• A Striking Speech on Time:  The Value of Time

Are you searching for a simple speech on time for your kid? It will suit you—the importance of Time.

• A Video Presentation About Time

If you want to write a memorable and provoking speech on time, get a grip on this one. Don’t waste your time. 

• Engageable Speech on Time

Try to be more motivated and inspired by watching this fantastic video with fast phases and changing video effects.

 You can also share this with your friends who want to write about time. Stop Wasting Time

How can one practice and improve their speaking pace using exercises and tools like metronomes and practice scenarios?

Practice speaking at varying paces using tools like metronomes and online scenarios. Don’t be a robot; use the rhythm to emphasize key points and keep your audience engaged. Adapt your pace to different contexts through simulated practice, receive feedback, and improve your overall presentation skills. Remember, a dynamic pace is key!

What role does culture play in determining the natural speaking pace of individuals?

From bustling cities to quieter countryside, individuals’ speaking pace reveals hidden influences. Cultural norms, regional speed, and even language fluency all shape how quickly people talk, creating a fascinating symphony of speech rhythms across the globe.

How does speaking quickly or slowly affect audience engagement and comprehension?

Speaking quickly can generate enthusiasm, urgency, and emotions in the audience. However, if prolonged, it can overwhelm listeners and reduce their engagement. On the other hand, speaking slowly may indicate importance, sadness, or seriousness, capturing the audience’s attention and allowing them to understand each word better. Yet, an entire presentation at a slow pace risks boring the audience, leading to disinterest as they await the main point. Striking a balance between speaking quickly and slowly is crucial to maintaining audience engagement and ensuring effective communication.

Why is it recommended to vary your speaking rate throughout a speech?

Spice up your speech ! Varying your pace isn’t just engaging; it’s impactful. Faster speeds convey excitement; slower ones add weight to key points. This emotional rollercoaster keeps your audience hooked and helps your message land deep. Ditch the monotone, speak dynamically, and connect with your listeners on a new level.

Is speaking rate important in delivering a speech effectively?

Slow down to emphasize, speed up to excite, but keep it clear! Speaking rate matters, but so does clarity . Even Tony Robbins, the fast-talker, relies on understandable language and pronunciation. Find the balance between pace, clarity , and articulation to connect with your audience and make your message stick truly.

Who holds the world record for the fastest speaking rate, and what is the rate?

Steven Woodmore, a British electronics salesman and comedian, holds the world record for the fastest speaking rate. He is known for his remarkable ability to articulate at a rate of 637 words per minute, four times faster than the average person. The Guinness Book of World Records recognized Woodmore as the world’s fastest talker, a title he held for five years after surpassing the previous record holder, John Moschitta, Jr.

What is the average speaking rate for presentations, conversations, audiobooks, radio hosting, auctioneers, and commentators?

The average speaking rate varies depending on the situation: presentations stay between 100-150 words per minute for clarity , conversations land in the 120-150 range, and audiobooks hit an upper limit of 150-160 for comfortable listening. Radio hosts and podcasters match that pace while auctioneers fire off about 250 words per minute, and sports commentators can even reach a lightning-fast 250-400 words per minute!

How can I calculate my speaking rate in words per minute (wpm)?

Want to know your speaking speed? Record yourself for a few minutes, count the words in the transcript (or use a speech -to-text tool), and then divide that number by the recording time in minutes. Boom! The speaking rate was revealed! Remember, comfortable conversation speeds are around 120-150 words per minute, but presenters, hosts, and even auctioneers can fly higher!

How do the speaking rates of popular TED Talks compare, and what is the average speaking rate for these talks?

The analysis of five popular TED Talks revealed a range of speaking rates, with the average rate calculated to be 173 words per minute. This average was derived from presentations varying in duration, from shorter speeches to ones lasting up to 22 minutes. The study included the time dedicated to speaking and moments like audience applause and transitions between slides. The analysis found a diverse spectrum of speaking rates among the talks, ranging from 154 to 201 words per minute.

Delivering a short speech on time can be an eye-opener for people who don’t care about time. It also practices your public speaking with a purpose. Practice your speech on the Orai app,  an AI powered speech app, it offers interactive lessons and detailed analysis of recorded speech to help you ace any speech topics!

Catch the tips and steps on how to make a short speech on time management. All in all, make yourself proud and use your time wisely. Have a good day!

References: 

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How Many Words Are in a 3 Minute Long Speech?

Answer: At the normal speaking rate of 130 words per minute (wpm), a 3 minutes long speech will have about 390 words .

Speech and publication coach Daphne Gray-Grant  found that, on average, people speak at a rate of 125 to 150 wpm so a 3 minutes long speech uses between 375 to 450 words.

You can use our word counter tool to see how long on average your text will take to speak.

How can you measure your spoken words per minute?

To quickly know what your speaking rate is, write a 650-word essay and then get out a stopwatch. Time how long it takes you to speak all of the words in the essay.

Once you’ve finished, divide the word count (650 words) by the number of minutes in decimals (30 seconds = 0.5 minutes) and you’ll get an estimate of your words per minute speaking rate.

For example, if it takes you 4.5 minutes to speak 650 words, you would do 650 divided by 4.5 and get 144 words per minute.

Word Count per Speech Length

To quickly find out how many words a typical speaking length requires, see the table below. You can quickly map word counts to typical speaking rates:

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Convert words to time

How Many Words is a 3 Minute Speech

How many pages is a 3 minute speech.

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A short speech – create a 3 minute speech that rocks

I’m in the Charles Pearson Theatre at the University of Melbourne, watching 12 short speeches. It’s a 3 minute speech competition called the  3 minute Thesis .

These annual, 3 minute speech competitions challenge Ph.D and Masters students to effectively communicate 3-1/2 years’ of technical research into a short speech. Their task is to convey only the most important ideas and findings to a non-technical audience – and with only a single slide.

A short speech is a great test

As you’d imagine, it can be difficult to condense all that research and knowledge into a 3 minute speech, yet still convey all the pertinent information .

But that’s exactly why it’s such a great exercise for all speakers .

That’s because, in order to be effective, your ideas must be able to be communicated in the most brief, simple and clear manner possible. You need them to stick in the listener’s mind.

Not everyone is good at this skill – indeed, few people are. But you need to be if you want other to see the value of your ideas.

By the way, if you think giving a good 3 minute speech is hard, try doing one in just 5 words! That’s what they do at the Webby awards .

What did the winning speakers do right?

Despite giving a short speech on very different topics, there were some common practices I noticed about the winning speakers.

• They presented an exceptionally clear message .
• They included a “ top and tail ” element.
• They made use of metaphor and other verbal illustrations to simplify a complex idea.
• They spoke like they were having a conversation with their audience – not ‘giving a formal speech’.

The losing speakers, by contrast, were more forced. Some were so unnatural they seemed to be giving a pantomime a speech for an audience of children. The engagement of conversation was missing. We’ve talked before about the importance of an unforced, natural style .

How to create a short speech.

1. use a simple structure..

Start by clearly saying the ‘headline’ and key idea underpinning your speech in simple, everyday language, and follow with a simple structure supporting your main point. Here are some examples:

A: Headline and 3 supporting reasons:

With this approach, follow your “headline” statement with 3 simple supporting reasons. State each reason clearly, and explain how each one helps achieve or support the objective.

“We must change the way we work – for 3 important reasons:

• Thwack …,
• Kapow…,
• Whamm. “

B: Problem – solution:

This is a simple structure of only 2 parts. It’s an easy yet powerful way to capture people’s attention and interest when done well. But you’ll want to avoid the trap of rushing through the problem, and spending too much time on your brilliant solution.

If you really want to hook people, take some time to paint a vivid picture of the problem first. Your audience will then be clambering for a solution with both ears open.

C: Timeline:

In this type of short speech, you might cover:

• The history of the issue …
• The current situation …
• What might happen in the future …
• And the ramifications of agreeing (or disagreeing) with your main argument.

D: Metaphor/Top & Tail:

To “top and tail” simply means starting with a story/quote that hints at your message. At the end, you recall that story and link it to your message.

This short speech from a 3 minute speech competition makes excellent use of this approach.

Start your speech (“the top”) with a compelling metaphor to make a memorable point, and end the speech (“the tail”) with the same metaphor — but adjusted to show the benefit of adopting your central argument.

2: End with a memorable message:

Just as important as how you begin and structure your speech, is how you end it .

Consider the same techniques at the end of your speech. A metaphor that links back to your original premise, or finishing with a thought-provoking question, are two ways to burnish your speech in your listener’s mind.

These videos of the 1st and 2nd place winners of a 3 minute speech competition show how effective these closing techniques can be: 1st Place: Sara Ciesielski 2nd Place: Samantha Lichter

People worry that time limitations mean they have to ‘dumb down’ their valuable research — this is not the case!

A vivid message and a compelling short speech can become a window to the depth of your research, and give clarity to the value of your ideas.

A 3 minute speech gives you a huge amount of time to do this – if you use the time wisely and structure your speech to maximum effect.

Want to be a great speaker? Get the kindle ebook from amazon.com: What’s Your Message? Public Speaking with Twice the Impact, Using Half the Effort

How to craft a compelling 3 minute pitch

Got 3 minutes?

Sometimes, brevity is the best medicine. Or, in the words of Churchill,

“If you want me to speak for two minutes, it will take me three weeks of preparation. If you want me to speak for thirty minutes, it will take me a week to prepare. If you want me to speak for an hour, I am ready now.”

But, it’s not that straightforward.

That’s why the South Island Prosperity Partnership called me in to coach a roomful of aspiring innovators who had to effectively pitch their ideas to investors in under three minutes.

Challenge on!

In this post I’ll share highlights from our coaching session—lessons for anyone who wants to educate and persuade a client into action.

In keeping with that theme, I’m going to squeeze the lessons into a 3 minute read.

Start the clock…

The three slides you need for a great pitch

Guy Kawasaki created a great template for effective pitching called The Only Ten Slides You Need In Your Pitch .

Here they are in summary:

Kawasaki describes in sharp, simple language exactly what should go into each slide.

For example, the Go-To-Market Plan is simply, “How you’re going to reach your audience with your selling message without breaking the bank.”

Don’t fall into the trap of using fancy words to cover weak ideas.

Like Kawasaki, keep the language simple and the thinking strong and succinct.

But wait – even with simple language, there’s still a problem. 

Ten slides in three minutes? That’s 18 seconds per slide.

Clicking at this pace will make your audience’s head spin and give the impression you are unfocused.

So I had my group narrow it to eight slides.

They look like this:

Everyone had the opportunity to try out their eight points in a mock-pitch.

Guess what the conclusion was?

Still too long.

We agreed that captivating pitches should ideally cover three or four points. But which ones?

Captivating pitches should hammer home three or four points. But which ones?

In my experience, you can’t do without a description of the problem as well as your solution.

You need to touch on the magic in your idea when you make a pitch.

And if you have traction, it’s a sure way to get everyone to sit up and pay attention.

Before I get to that, you might also want to visit this post where I talk about making a powerful human connection with your pitch.

At this point, we all agreed the key three (or four or five) points should be decided on a case by case basis.

And the best way to feel confident the right points had been chosen?

Practice in front of ‘friendlies.’

If you pitch to people, practice with people

Creating a pitch should be a team sport.

Asking outsiders what the most remarkable features of your company are gives you ‘outside the jar’ perspective. It also helps you get to the compelling stuff – instead of losing yourself in points only you think are important.

It never ceases to amaze me how few people bring friendly listeners into the process. The reason? Most of the audience had never bounced their pitch ideas off others.

If you really want to get the most of this exercise, pick friendlies who can understand the headspace of investors. Businesspeople and entrepreneurs? A good choice.

What’s missing from your pitch? Where could it use improvement? Book a session to optimize your pitch with me. 

Don’t pitch – tell your story

It doesn’t matter how compelling your slides are: with 5 people making a pitch before you and 5 after, I can guarantee you’ll be reduced to a dot in the middle of a long blur.

You tell a story!

As humans, we’re wired for stories.

From the time we lived in trees, we told stories to make complex concepts memorable.

For that reason (and many others) turning your pitch into a story will increase the odds your idea will embed in the investor’s head.

Unfortunately, not everyone is a natural-born storyteller.

For the less Mark Twain-y among us, there are templates for storytelling.

I provided four that work especially well when you’re making a pitch.

The origin (founder’s) story:

While we’re on the topic, I should point out I’ve written more about the origin story and how it can lead to trouble…

The customer story:

The industry story:

The venture story:

We decided blending the industry and venture stories might provide fertile ground to create a classic three-act play format:

• Introduce the characters and setting.
• Create conflict, make victory seem highly uncertain.
• Resolve. The hero wins and rides off into the sunset.

You can probably identify many of these three-act play points in the industry and venture stories.

Even better, you can see how these stories weave Kawasaki’s slides into an engaging format for listeners.

A captivating pitch takes practice, practice, practice

We finished off our coaching session with more practice.

Then, I sent my group off with a recommendation to continue practicing, up to the moment they took the stage to make their pitch.

Practice is the one absolute necessity in this process — It’s also the part most of us naturally shy away from.

We say it’ll “ruin our spontaneity.”

Nothing could be further from the truth. 

Ruthless rehearsal gives you calm confidence in your material. And when you feel calm and confident, spontaneity happens.

Rehearsal doesn’t ruin your spontaneity. Quite the opposite!

I hope this brief review helps you fine-tune your own three-minute pitch and illuminates some points you may not have considered.

And hey, if nothing else, I hope it provided an entertaining read, in under three minutes.

Stop the clock!

Is your pitch presenting a dramatic problem? Is your solution positioned properly? Is your story memorable? Do you leave your listener with something to remember and think about? These are all questions we cover when you optimize your pitch with me. 

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See How Many Words Is A 3-Minute Speech & How To Prepare One

A 3-minute speech is quite short and can be persuasive depending on who’s giving the speech. But how many words are in a 3-minute speech? That’s precisely what you’re about to find out in this article.

Are you embarrassed by your speaking skills? Do you believe you can’t converse for more than three minutes? You’re not alone. Most of us struggle to get our words out effectively.

A 3-minute speech is a great way to build your speaking and presentation skills. And there’s no need to be a professional speaker. Anyone can learn how to create powerful speeches that are interesting, informative, and engaging.

In this guide, you’ll learn all the secrets to making an excellent speech in just 3 minutes or less.

How many words is a 3-minute speech

Since the average number of words a person speaks per minute is 140 to 160, the average word count for a 3-minute speech is 450 .

However, this number can vary depending on the individual’s speaking speed and the topic’s complexity.

Most people think a 3-minute speech is too short, but that’s not the case. A 3-minute speech is one of the best ways to communicate your ideas effectively.

That’s because it eliminates the common pitfalls of longer speeches – boredom, lapses in focus, and inconsistencies in voice.

This style may be ideal for effectively delivering your message in a short time. With a 3-minute speech, you can hit all the key points quickly and easily.

What are the benefits of creating a 3-minutes speech?

1. it takes less time to prepare.

If you’re like most people, you spend hours preparing for a speech, only to forget most of what you’ve prepared to say by the time you get on stage. That’s why it’s so important to create a short speech

A 3 minutes speech takes less time, and you’ll be able to remember everything you want to say. And best of all, you can practice your speech anywhere.

2. It will help you master your time

You only have 3 minutes to impress your audience. That is all you have to explain your product, tell your story, and convince them to buy it. You can’t waste a minute of that time. You’ll want to ensure everything you say is worth three minutes of their time.

3. You’ll learn to condense your message into a short period

Imagine you could go to any conference or TED-style talk and take away the key ideas without sitting through long, drawn-out lectures.

Imagine you could be a better listener, absorber, and communicator in just three short minutes. That’s exactly what you can give your audience with a 3 minutes speech.

By learning to speak succinctly, you’ll be able to speak more effectively and confidently.

4. It gives you an excellent chance to practice your speech in advance

Creating a 3-minute speech allows you to practice your speech in advance. Not only will this help you feel more confident when giving the speech, but it will also help you avoid common speaking mistakes.

By preparing this way, you can deliver a powerful and effective presentation that will impress your audience.

Effective tips for creating a 3 minutes speech

Creating a 3-minute speech is not easy, but it is possible. It may seem daunting, but by following the effective tips below, you can make the process much easier.

1. Choose your topic wisely – focus on what the audience wants to hear

When preparing to give a speech, choosing a topic that speaks to your audience is important.

You want to focus on what they want to hear and leave the talking to you. That involves understanding their desires and motivations.

To do this, you need to analyze their interests. Ask yourself these questions: What is my audience most interested in?

What are the topics that currently excite them? What do they see as the biggest challenges facing their industry or community?

With the right answers to questions like these, selecting a topic that fits right into your presentation is easier.

2. Make sure your speech is well researched

When you prepare to give a speech, the last thing you want to do is offend your audience. Therefore, you must know exactly what you’re talking about before spouting off.

By doing your research, you can tailor your speech to the specific audience you are speaking to, and you will be more confident in delivering it.

Additionally, by thoroughly researching the topic, you will be better prepared to answer any questions that might be asked.

3. Use vivid and descriptive language to capture the audience’s attention

Using vivid and descriptive language is one of the most effective ways to capture an audience’s attention.

Vivid language grabs the audience’s attention quickly and draws them in, making it easier for them to understand what you’re saying.

Descriptive language helps paint a picture in the audience’s mind, which can help them follow your arguments more easily.

When you use descriptive language, make sure to go beyond simple word choice to include details and examples.

This will help you convey your ideas to your audience and immerse them in the situation you’re describing.

4. Be concise and to the point

There are essentially three goals that any speech or presentation should strive for: To be concise, on point, and to be interesting.

It is easy to get bogged down in details, and while it may seem like the extra information will make your speech more effective, it may have the opposite effect.

The truth is that it’s more effective if you can prune your message down to its bare essentials. Avoid straying too far off course; instead, focus on what your audience wants to take away from your speech.

5. Practice your speech until it’s perfect

Many people believe that preparing a speech in advance wastes time. They think it will be jumbled up and out of control by the time they get to the speech. But this is not the case.

By practicing your speech beforehand, you can ensure that it flows smoothly and that every word is exactly what you want. Plus, you can avoid embarrassing blunders that could ruin your reputation by rehearsing often.

Is a 3-minutes speech effective?

Like most people, you think five or more minutes is a reasonable amount of time to deliver a speech. But a 3-minute speech is just as effective and often more effective than a longer-minute speech.

A three-minute speech isn’t just a busy person’s shortcut to speaking well. It’s an essential part of any public speaking arsenal for any purpose or setting.

In business, you don’t have time to waste. You don’t have time to rehearse. You don’t have time to find the right words. And no time for anything but crushing your competition.

By breaking down your content into easily digestible bites, you can distill your argument, reassure your audience, and keep them engaged without sacrificing the quality of your message.

How many words is a 10-minute speech?

Averagely, a 10 minutes speech contains 140 words .

How many words is a 5-minute speech

A 5 minutes speech is approximately 750 words .

How many words is a 2-minute speech

While a 1-minute speech contains an average of 150 words, a 2-minute speech is usually about 300.

While the number of words may vary, creating a 3-minute speech takes less time and is more effective. In fact, you can create a powerful 3-minute speech in just a few hours.

And the benefits are clear: a 3-minutes speech is more engaging and memorable. Not to mention, it’s easier to get your points across in a shorter speech.

Therefore, if you’re looking to boost your marketing skills or improve your public speaking abilities, a 3-minute speech is an effective way to achieve that.

A short speech represents who you are, what you stand for, and what you want to share. You can also introduce yourself to new audiences.

Furthermore, it’s essential to give speeches that motivate or inspire others or communicate your thoughts and ideas in an engaging and easy-to-follow format.

Always remember that the key is to focus on the main points and to keep your message simple. With fewer words, you can say more.

I hope you found this article helpful. You should also read about the number of words an average person speaks per minute .

Thanks for reading.

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Do you wonder how long it takes to deliver your speech?

This website helps you convert the number of words into the time it takes to deliver your speech, online and for free. This tool is useful when preparing a speech or a presentation. The number of minutes you will take is dependent on the number of words and your speed of speech, or reading speed.

Note: This calculator provides an indication only.

Enter details below

The overview below provides an indication of the minutes for a speech (based on an average reading speed of 130 words per minute):

• Words in a 1 minute speech 130 words
• Words in a 2 minute speech 260 words
• Words in a 3 minute speech 390 words
• Words in a 4 minute speech 520 words
• Words in a 5 minute speech 650 words
• Words in a 10 minute speech 1300 words
• Words in a 15 minute speech 1950 words
• Words in a 20 minute speech 2600 words
• How long does a 500 word speech take? 3.8 minutes
• How long does a 1000 word speech take? 7.7 minutes
• How long does a 1250 word speech take? 9.6 minutes
• How long does a 1500 word speech take? 11.5 minutes
• How long does a 1750 word speech take? 13.5 minutes
• How long does a 2000 word speech take? 15.4 minutes
• How long does a 2500 word speech take? 19.2 minutes
• How long does a 5000 word speech take? 38.5 minutes

Text to Speech Time Calculator

Table of contents.

the definitive guide on “text to speech how many minutes” it equates to. Whether you’re a professional looking to streamline your workflow, a student aiming to enhance your learning experience, or simply curious about this technological wonder, understanding the time dynamics of text-to-speech (TTS) is crucial. Join us as we dive into the intricacies of TTS, dissecting everything from its definition to the minute details of speech timing.

What is Text to Speech?

Text to speech is a fascinating technology that converts written text into spoken words. Utilizing sophisticated algorithms and linguistic models, TTS systems provide a voice to the voiceless text, enabling users to listen to written content as if it were being read aloud. This technology bridges the gap between digital text and auditory comprehension, offering a multitude of applications across various sectors.

Top 10 Use Cases of Text to Speech

• Assisting Visually Impaired Individuals : TTS technology is a lifeline for those with visual impairments. It enables them to consume written material through auditory means, thereby granting them greater independence in accessing information and entertainment.
• Language Learning Tools : Language learners leverage TTS to hear correct pronunciation and intonation in a new language, facilitating improved linguistic skills and better accent acquisition.
• Navigation Systems : Modern navigation aids use TTS to provide turn-by-turn directions, allowing drivers to focus on the road while receiving audible instructions.
• E-Book Reading : E-readers and apps with TTS capabilities can read books out loud, turning any text-based material into an audiobook for convenient consumption.
• Accessibility in Education : Students with reading difficulties such as dyslexia can benefit from TTS software, which helps them to better understand the text by listening to it.
• Voice Over Production : Voice actors and producers use TTS to draft voice over scripts and create preliminary versions of the spoken content for multimedia projects.
• Customer Service Automation : Automated customer service systems employ TTS to communicate with customers, providing information and resolving queries without human intervention.
• Public Announcements : Airports, train stations, and other public spaces use TTS to make announcements, delivering consistent and clear messages to the public.
• Speech Synthesis for AI Assistants : AI assistants like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant rely on TTS to converse with users, answering questions and performing tasks through voice commands.
• Telecommunications : TTS is instrumental in reading out text messages or information over the phone, particularly in scenarios where hands-free communication is necessary.

How Much Does Text to Speech Cost?

Text to speech services can range from free to several hundred dollars, depending on the quality, features, and licensing requirements. Open-source TTS systems offer no-cost solutions with varying degrees of sophistication, while premium services provide more natural voices, multilingual support, and additional features, catering to professional speech writers and corporations.

How Long Does It Take to Read Text Aloud?

The duration required for TTS to read a text aloud is influenced by the reading speed (measured in words per minute, or wpm), the number of words, and the spacing and grammar complexity of the text. The average person speaks at approximately 150-160 wpm, which TTS systems often mirror for a natural rhythm.

The Pros and Cons of Using Text to Speech

• Increases accessibility for individuals with disabilities.
• Enhances multitasking capabilities.
• Allows for adjustable speaking speeds.
• May lack the emotional nuances of human speech.
• High-quality voices can be costly.
• Could be less engaging for certain audiences.

How Does Text to Speech Timer Work?

A text to speech timer estimates the speech time based on a predefined speech rate (wpm). Users can input their text, select the desired speed, and the timer will convert words into the estimated number of minutes it will take for the speech to be read aloud.

Speech Duration by Word Count

1-minute speech.

For a 1-minute speech, the average word count is about 150-160 words when spoken at a normal speed.

2-Minute Speech

A 2-minute speech typically contains between 300-320 words at the average speaking rate.

3-Minute Speech

A standard 3-minute speech will have approximately 450-480 words given the average speed of speech.

4-Minute Speech

In a 4-minute speech, expect to fit in around 600-640 words, adhering to the average person’s speaking tempo.

5-Minute Speech

A 5-minute speech usually comprises about 750-800 words, based on the average speaking rate.

10-Minute Speech

A longer 10-minute speech would generally encompass about 1500-1600 words, considering a steady speaking speed.

Try Speechify Text to Speech

Cost : Free to try

Speechify Text to Speech is a groundbreaking tool that has revolutionized the way individuals consume text-based content. By leveraging advanced text-to-speech technology, Speechify transforms written text into lifelike spoken words, making it incredibly useful for those with reading disabilities, visual impairments, or simply those who prefer auditory learning. Its adaptive capabilities ensure seamless integration with a wide range of devices and platforms, offering users the flexibility to listen on-the-go.

Top 5 Speechify TTS Features :

High-Quality Voices : Speechify offers a variety of high-quality, lifelike voices across multiple languages. This ensures that users have a natural listening experience, making it easier to understand and engage with the content.

Seamless Integration : Speechify can integrate with various platforms and devices, including web browsers, smartphones, and more. This means users can easily convert text from websites, emails, PDFs, and other sources into speech almost instantly.

Speed Control : Users have the ability to adjust the playback speed according to their preference, making it possible to either quickly skim through content or delve deep into it at a slower pace.

Offline Listening : One of the significant features of Speechify is the ability to save and listen to converted text offline, ensuring uninterrupted access to content even without an internet connection.

Highlighting Text : As the text is read aloud, Speechify highlights the corresponding section, allowing users to visually track the content being spoken. This simultaneous visual and auditory input can enhance comprehension and retention for many users.

Who is the author of the book “e-Speak”?

Johnathan Marks is the author of the book “e-Speak”.

What is the average length of a book?

The average length of a book is typically around 80,000 to 100,000 words.

What is the time for a text to speech to read a book?

The time it takes for text to speech to read a book depends on the total word count and the selected speech rate. For an average-sized book of 90,000 words, at 150 wpm, it would take about 10 hours.

What is the definition of text-to-speech?

Text-to-speech (TTS) is a type of assistive technology that reads digital text aloud. It’s sometimes called “read aloud” technology.

• Previous Understanding the Text to Speech Human Voice
• Next The Dawn of Conversation: Text to Speech Human Like Voice

Cliff Weitzman

Cliff Weitzman is a dyslexia advocate and the CEO and founder of Speechify, the #1 text-to-speech app in the world, totaling over 100,000 5-star reviews and ranking first place in the App Store for the News & Magazines category. In 2017, Weitzman was named to the Forbes 30 under 30 list for his work making the internet more accessible to people with learning disabilities. Cliff Weitzman has been featured in EdSurge, Inc., PC Mag, Entrepreneur, Mashable, among other leading outlets.

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convert words to time .

How long will it take to read a speech or presentation?

Enter the word count into the tool below (or paste in text) to see how many minutes it will take you to read. Estimates number of minutes based on a slow, average, or fast paced reading speed.

Number of words

Reading speed

Common conversions (average speed)

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Words To Time Converter

Estimate how many minutes your speeches, presentations, and voice-over scripts will take based on your words per minute rate!

Words per Minute: 183

How To Convert Words to Minutes Using This Tool?

If you have a certain number of words or a piece of text you want to time, you can either type in the word count or paste the text into the provided area. This tool will then calculate how long it would take to read that text out loud.

The talk time estimate is calculated using the average speaking speed of adults, which is determined to be 183 words per minute based on scientific studies. If you’re interested in how long it would take to read silently, it’s estimated at 238 words per minute ( This data is also backed by research )

You can adjust the slider to change the words per minute value, which will affect the talk time estimate. However, the silent reading time estimate remains fixed at 238 words per minute. 

For ease of use, we’ve also provided reference points for slow, average, and fast reading rates below the slider.

To begin anew, simply click the ‘clear text’ button to erase the content and restore the slider back to its original setting of 183.

I. Who is This Words to Minutes Converter Tool For?

If you are a student wondering how long is my essay or you’ve been tasked with writing a speech and need to know how many words to aim for and how many minutes will it take to deliver or perhaps you are a podcaster, just starting out, who wants the ability to easily synchronize music and spoken word without having to painstakingly calculate seconds between them, then this words to time converter (or speech time calculator-you may call it if you are a public speaker) is precisely for you! 

From now on, instead of spending long hours in front of the computer trying to figure out how many seconds it takes for one phrase or section of dialogue to end and another to begin, you can let our innovative tool do all the work and convert your text to time quickly and accurately. With this powerful tool at your disposal, whether you’re giving a TED talk or just need to nail a business presentation, your life will become a little bit easier.

So keep reading to learn more about what this fantastic words to minutes converter has in store for public speakers, aspiring students, and professional radio producers alike!

Whether you want to read the text silently or speak aloud, you can use this tool as both:

• Reading time calculator
• Talk time calculator

II.I Explanation of the Reading Time

Reading time refers to the duration it takes for an average person to read a written text silently while still comprehending its content. Based on an extensive analysis of 190 studies that involved 18,573 participants , research conducted by Marc Brysbaert in 2019 suggests that the typical silent reading speed for an adult individual is approximately 238 words per minute .

To convert word count to read time for a specific text, you can do so by dividing the total word count of the text by this established value of 238. Here is the mathematical equation for determining the duration of reading time in minutes:

Reading Time = Total Word Count / 238

II.II Explanation of the Speech Time

Speech time refers to the duration it takes for an average person to read a text out loud. Based on data from 77 studies involving 5,965 people , it’s been found that most adults read aloud at a speed of approximately 183 words per minute ( research conducted by Marc Brysbaert in 2019 ). To figure out how long it will take to read a specific piece of text aloud, you can divide the total number of words in the text by this average rate of 183 words per minute.

Of course, it’s important to note that talk time can vary depending on factors such as clarity of speech, pauses for emphasis, and use of visual aids. However, using this tool for converting the number of words to minutes can still provide a helpful guideline for planning and practicing your presentation. By having a better understanding of speech rates, you can ensure that your message is delivered effectively and efficiently.

III. Benefits of Using a Words to Time Converter

Time management in presentations.

Effective time management during presentations is crucial to ensure the audience remains engaged and the information is accurately conveyed. This is where our speaking time converter comes in handy. By using this tool, presenters can easily determine how many words they need to include in their presentation to stay within the allotted time frame.

Not only does it help with time management, but it also ensures that the pacing of the presentation is consistent, making it easier for the audience to follow. With the use of this tool, presenters can confidently deliver their presentations without the worry of running over time or rushing through it.

Estimated speech time for public speaking

Public speaking can be nerve-wracking, especially when you have too little or too much information to fill your time slot. You wonder only if there were an accurate public speaking time calculator available so that you could be able to allocate the appropriate amount of time to each section of your presentation, ensuring that you cover all the necessary points without rushing or going over time. 

Effective pacing is key in ensuring your message is delivered with clarity and impact.

Most public speakers target an average of 130-150 words per minute for their spoken content, meaning you should aim to limit your speaking time to roughly one minute per 130-150 words. While this may take some practice to achieve, the end result is a confident, well-timed delivery that keeps your audience engaged from start to finish.

Remember, in public speaking, less is often more—take your time to breathe and emphasize key points. Your audience will appreciate your thoughtful and measured approach. For that, you can use this tool and adjust your words to speech time.

Accurate estimations for audiobooks and podcasts

As more and more people turn to audiobooks and podcasts for their entertainment and information needs, accurate estimations of listening time have become more important than ever. After all, there’s nothing worse than settling in for a quick listen only to find yourself trapped in a story that goes on for hours longer than you anticipated.

That’s why it’s great to see publishers and podcast producers taking estimated reading time seriously, providing listeners with the information they need to choose the right content for their schedule. Whether you’re looking for a quick listen on your daily commute or a lengthy distraction for a lazy Sunday afternoon, accurate estimations using this speaking time calculator make it easier than ever to find the perfect content.

IV. Some Popular Speech Times

V. conclusion.

As the world becomes more fast-paced, time is a precious commodity. Determining how long your script will take to read, whether for a presentation or a video, can make a significant difference in engaging and retaining your audience’s attention.

That’s where our Words to Time Converter comes in handy. It’s a valuable tool for anyone working in various professions, from broadcast journalists to teachers to executives. No matter the industry, time is of the essence, and knowing how long your speech or presentation will take is crucial for effective communication.

Reunion Part 3

The reunion comes to an emotional close as Gordon shares heartbreaking news. Ashley gives an update on her divorce with Michael. Things take a turn after Keiarna takes the stage as the ladies discuss who is to blame for the altercation at the GnA Showcase. Andy attempts to mend the fractured group with the fate of long-time friendships in the air.

Season 8 - Episodes

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Heaven Is a Place in Potomac

In a Pickle

Pie in the Austin Sky

Tequila, Tears, Texas

Don't Rock the Boat

Painting Austin Red

Hard Conversations

Friendship Is a Mother

First Come, First Served

Blazed and Confused

Sharing Is Caring

Sun’s Out Buns Out

Fool’s Gold

Boiling Point

Fashion Show-Down

An Iconic Ending

Reunion Part 1

Reunion Part 2

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Point Break

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The Wright Way

Capri Chaos

May the Best Woman Win

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Drake vs hip-hop: The 'Hotline Bling' rapper's beef with Kendrick Lamar, The Weeknd, Rick Ross and others explained as apparent diss track leaks

• Drake appeared to fire back at Kendrick Lamar and others in a leaked diss track on Saturday. 
• Multiple rappers dissed Drake while featuring on Future and Metro Boomin's two latest albums.
• Drake has a long history of feuding with other rappers.

Hip-hop's heavyweights are feuding, and Drake appears to be the latest rapper to take aim in a leaked diss track "Push Ups (Drop & Give Me 50)," where he hits out at Kendrick Lamar, The Weeknd, Rick Ross, and others. But some fans aren't convinced it's not just another fake AI Drake track.

Lamar and Drake have a long-running beef, which reignited last month when Lamar dissed Drake and J. Cole on Future and Metro Boomin's track "Like That" from their latest collaborative album, "We Don't Trust You."

But the feud widened on Friday when Future and Metro Boomin released another album, "We Still Don't Trust You," featuring the Weeknd, A$AP Rocky, Rick Ross, Cole — and more insults aimed at Drake.

A day later, a diss track seemingly recorded by Drake surfaced on social media. In the song, the rapper fires shots at Lamar, Future, Metro Boomin, Ross, The Weeknd, and Cole.

Rocky was spared this time, but the "Hotline Bling" rapper previously dissed him on "Fear of Heights," from his 2023 album " For All the Dogs ."

Some fans have questioned whether the track is real or AI-generated, but Drake has alluded to the track in recent Instagram posts. A representative for Drake did not respond to a request for comment from Business Insider.

Although the tension seems genuine, feuds can be a clever marketing tactic to help artists boost streams and sales. "Like That," for instance, has topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for the last two weeks, and "We Don't Trust You" debuted at the No.1 spot on the Billboard 200.

Here's what to know about Drake's feud with the rap world.

Drake and Lamar have been throwing digs at each other since 2013.

Lamar and Drake started out as friends, with Lamar opening for Drake's "Club Paradise" tour in 2012. The pair's feud began when Lamar rapped that he was better than all the rising rap stars, including Drake and Cole, when he featured on Big Sean's 2013 song "Control."

"And that goes for Jermaine Cole, Big K.R.I.T., Wale, Pusha T, Meek Millz, A$AP Rocky, Drake, Big Sean, Jay Electron', Tyler, Mac Miller / I got love for you all, but I'm tryna murder you n*****," he rapped.

Drake appeared to respond on the track "The Language" from his 2013 album, " Nothing Was the Same ," rapping: "I don't know why they been lyin' but your shit is not that inspirin'/ Bank account statement just look like I'm ready for early retirement / Fuck any n**** that's talking that shit just to get a reaction."

The two rappers last featured on the same song in 2013 and, since then, have made small digs at each other in their tracks and in interviews.

In 2015, many fans believe that Lamar accused Drake of using a ghostwriter, pointing to Lamar's 2015 track "King Kunta," where he raps, "I can dig rappin', but a rapper with a ghostwriter? / What the fuck happened?"

Lamar hasn't confirmed if the "King Kunta" lyric is about Drake.

Later that year, Meek Mill also accused Drake of using a ghostwriter in a since-deleted post on X, which Drake denied in a 2019 interview with Rap Radar .

The pair have also taken different paths artistically, with Lamar earning critical acclaim, including winning a Pulitzer prize for "Damn" in 2018 and 17 Grammys . Drake is more commercially successful, with 15 songs with over a billion streams on Spotify compared to Kendrick's five.

Cole entered the beef after appearing on 'For All The Dogs.'

Drake's 2023 track " First Person Shooter ," featuring Cole, is all about the two being the greatest rappers ever. Cole, who is friends with Lamar, references him in the song when talking about being the "Big 3" of the Hip Hop world.

"Love when they argue the hardest MC / Is it K-Dot? Is it Aubrey? Or me?" Cole raps, referring to Lamar's nickname, "K-Dot," and Drake's birth name Aubrey. "We the big three like we started a league, but right now, I feel like Muhammad Ali."

Lamar was rumored to be featured in the song too, but it never materialized.

Drake ends the song by comparing his success to that of the late Michael Jackson , who is the sixth best-selling artist of all time. In October 2023, Drake scored his 13th Billboard Hot 100 No.1, tying with Jackson.

Lamar's verse in "Like That" alludes to these lyrics, the song title, "First Person Shooter," and Drake's 2023 album title, " For All the Dogs ."

"Motherfuck the big three, n****, it's just big me," Lamar raps, adding later. "Fuck sneak dissin', first-person shooter, I hope they came with three switches."

"N****, Prince outlived Mike Jack'," Lamar raps later, referencing a 2017 song, "Mask Off (Remix)," where he compares himself to Prince. Prince and Jackson also had a long-standing beef when they were alive.

Lamar ends the verse referencing Drake's latest album: "'Fore all your dogs gettin' buried /That's a K with all these nines, he gon' see Pet Sematary (Yeah)."

A week after the song dropped last month, Drake appeared to respond to Lamar during a concert in Florida as part of his "It's All A Blur Tour: Big As In What?" with Cole.

Drake officially addresses Kendrick Lamar on stage “I got my head held high, my back straight, I’m ten f**king toes down… and I know no matter what there’s not another n**ga that could ever f*ck with me on this Earth” pic.twitter.com/4xJZ1kX8uS — Grand/THE WIZRD🔮⁶𓅓 (@grandwizardcn) March 25, 2024

"A lot of people ask me how I'm feeling. I'mma let you know I'm feeling," Drake said in a video shared on X. "I got my fucking head up high, my back straight, I'm 10 fucking toes down in Florida and anywhere else I go. And I know that no matter what, it's not a n**** on this earth that could ever fuck with me in my life!"

Cole fired back at Lamar and then apologized two days later.

Cole did not publicly comment on Lamar's "Like That" verse until April 5, when he released a 12-track EP, "Might Delete Later," which features Gucci Mane, Ari Lennox, and others.

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The first verse of the final track, "7 Minute Drill," appears to be a direct response to Lamar, who Cole implies is losing popularity. Rolling Stone's Andre Gee wrote that the title refers to a military drill where officers have to explain how to respond to an enemy attack.

"He still doin' shows, but fell off like the Simpsons / Your first shit was classic, your last shit was tragic / Your second shit put n***** to sleep, but they gassed it / Your third shit was massive and that was your prime / I was trailin' right behind and I just now hit mine," Cole raps.

Fans think Cole's bar about Lamar's second album references the critically-acclaimed " To Pimp a Butterfly ," as most people don't count 2011's "Section.80" as his first. "Good Kid, M.A.A.D City," is Lamar's actual second album.

Rolling Stone's Gee and Pitchfork's Alphonse Pierre panned Cole's track for not being aggressive enough.

"He doesn't have the heart for the lying, disrespect, and animosity it requires to make an effective diss track," Pierre wrote.

Two days after the song was released, Cole apologized to Lamar during his performance at the Dreamville Festival in Raleigh, North Carolina. It came after hip-hop's loudest voices, namely Joe Budden, expected Cole to continue the beef onstage. Instead, he shocked the hip-hop world and apologized.

"I just want to come up here and publicly be like, bruh, that was the lamest, goofiest shit," Cole said in a video shared on X. "And I pray that y'all are like, forgive a n**** for the misstep and I can get back to my true path. Because I ain't gonna lie to y'all. The past two days felt terrible."

Cole said he felt conflicted because he respected Lamar but felt pressure from his peers and fans to respond.

J.Cole speaks on his response to Kendrick and says it hasn’t felt good or right with his spirit, calling his own response “corny” and telling Kendrick to return his best shot if he feels a way pic.twitter.com/jan2jctfk9 — Glock Topickz (@Glock_Topickz) April 8, 2024

Cole said his diss verse, and the discourse surrounding it, didn't "sit right with my spirit," adding that he hoped Lamar, who he describes as "one of the greatest motherfucker's to ever touch a fuckin' microphone," wasn't hurt by his words.

"If he did, my n****, I got my chin out. Take your best shot, I'ma take that shit on the chin boy, do what you do. All good. It's love," he said.

Representatives for Lamar and Cole did not respond to a request for comment from Business Insider.

Future and Metro Boomin stirred more trouble with 'We Still Don't Trust You.'

On Friday, Future and Metro Boomin released their second collaborative album, "We Still Don't Trust You." While neither rapper directly diss Drake, they enlist The Weeknd and A$AP Rocky to do their bidding. Ross and Cole also appear on the album but don't diss Drake.

In the track "All To Myself," The Weeknd references declining to sign with Drake's OVO label, which has led to a frostiness between the two stars.

"They could never diss my brothers, baby / When they got leaks in they operation / I thank God that I never signed my life away / And we never do the big talk / They shooters makin TikToks / Got us laughin in the Lambo," The Weeknd rapped.

In the track "Show of Hands," Rocky references the rumor that he slept with Sophie Brussaux , the mother of Drake's child Adonis, before the "God's Plan" rapper.

"N****s in they feelings over women, what, you hurt or something? / I smash before you birthed, son, Flacko hit it first, son," Rocky rapped.

Rocky and Drake were also friends until the "Fuckin' Problems" rapper began to date Rihanna, who had an on-again-off-again relationship with Drake.

Drake referenced Rocky and Rihanna in "For All the Dogs." In the track "Fear of Heights," Drake disses both stars, saying sex with Rihanna was "average" and that Rocky is now stuck with her due to their children.

A 'Drake' diss track appears online –but fans are wary it's AI-generated.

On Saturday, a day after the release of "We Still Don't Trust You," a diss track surfaced on social media that appears to have been recorded by Drake.

Drake appeared to allude to the track being genuine when he shared an Instagram story post of a scene from "Kill Bill," where multiple enemies with swords surround Uma Thurman's character, The Bride.

Although Drake spends most of the four-minute track dissing Lamar, there are a few shots toward The Weeknd, Ross, Cole, Future, and Metro Boomin.

Drake mocked Lamar's latest album, "Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers," his appearances on Maroon 5 and Taylor Swift's pop songs, and suggested that Lamar's former label, Top Dawg Entertainment, took 50% of profits from the "Humble" rapper's songs.

"How the fuck you big steppin with a size 7 mens on? / Your last one bricked, you really not on shit," Drake rapped. "Maroon 5 need a verse, you better make it witty / Then we need a verse for the Swifties / Top say drop, you better drop and give him 50."

Drake also rapped that SZA, Travis Scott, and 21 Savage were bigger names in the hip-hop world than Lamar.

Later in the track, Drake references Cole's diss track and apology.

"And that fuckin' song y'all got is not starting beef with us / This shit brewin' in a pot, now I'm heating up / I don't care what Cole think, that Dot shit was weak as fuck," Drake rapped.

Later in the track, Drake raps that he gave Future his first No. 1 hit, referring to Drake's 2021 song "Way 2 Sexy," which he features on. Drake also say The Weeknd wastes his money, and Metro Boomin should "shut your ho ass up and make some drums, n****."

Taking aim at Ross, he says the 48-year-old rapper is too old to join the rap beef and owes his chart success to him. Drake also appears to refence Ross' friendship with Diddy, who was accused of sexual misconduct by four people in the last year.

"Spend that lil' check you got and stay up out my business / Worry 'bout whatever goin' on with you and…," Drake says, trailing off at the end.

Ross quickly recorded and released a response, "Champagne Moments," where he calls Drake a "white boy," claims the rapper got a nose job, and stole his flow from Lil Wayne. Ross also repeats the ghostwriter allegations, and has continued to make fun of Drake's nose on social media.

On Sunday, Drake shared a text message with his mother where she asked about the nose job rumor. Drake responded in the message that Ross is just "angry and racist" and he'll "handle it" — which likely means the rap beef is far from over.

Watch: The most explosive moments from Johnny Depp's suit against Amber Heard in week 5

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What time the 2024 solar eclipse started, reached peak totality and ended

By Sarah Maddox

Updated on: April 9, 2024 / 5:04 AM EDT / CBS News

The 2024 solar eclipse will be visible across North America today. As the moon's position between the Earth and sun casts a shadow on North America, that shadow, or umbra, will travel along the surface from west to east at more than 1,500 miles per hour along the path of totality . 

That means the eclipse will start, peak and end at different times — as will the moments of total darkness along the path of totality — and the best time to view the eclipse depends on where you are located. Some places along the path will have more totality time than others.

In Texas, the south-central region had clouds in the forecast , but it was better to the northeast, according to the National Weather Service. The best eclipse viewing weather was expected in New Hampshire, Vermont and Maine, as well as in Canada's New Brunswick and Newfoundland.

What time does the 2024 total solar eclipse start?

The total solar eclipse will emerge over the South Pacific Ocean before the shadow falls across North America, beginning in parts of Mexico. The path of totality , where onlookers can witness the moon fully blocking the sun (through eclipse viewing glasses for safety ), is expected to first make landfall near the city of Mazatlán around 9:51 a.m. MT. 

The total solar eclipse will cross over the U.S.-Mexico border into Texas, where it will emerge over Eagle Pass at 12:10 p.m. CT and then peak at about 1:27 p.m. CT.

In Dallas, NASA data shows the partial eclipse will first become visible at 12:23 p.m. CT and peak at 1:40 p.m. CT. The next states in the path of totality are Oklahoma and Arkansas, where the eclipse begins in Little Rock at 12:33 p.m. CT. 

Cleveland will see the beginning of the eclipse at 1:59 p.m. ET. Darkness will start spreading over the sky in Buffalo, New York, at 2:04 p.m. ET. Then, the eclipse will reach northwestern Vermont, including Burlington, at 2:14 p.m. ET. Parts of New Hampshire and Maine will also follow in the path of totality before the eclipse first reaches the Canadian mainland  at 3:13 p.m. ET.

Although the experience won't be exactly the same, viewers in all the contiguous U.S. states outside the path of totality will still be able to see a partial eclipse. Some places will see most of the sun blocked by the moon, including Washington, D.C., where the partial eclipse will start at 2:04 p.m. ET and peak at about 3:20 p.m. ET.

In Chicago, viewers can start viewing the partial eclipse at 12:51 p.m. CT, with the peak arriving at 2:07 p.m. CT.  In Detroit, viewers will be able to enjoy a near-total eclipse beginning at 1:58 p.m. ET and peaking at 3:14 p.m. ET.

New York City will also see a substantial partial eclipse, beginning at 2:10 p.m. ET and peaking around 3:25 p.m. ET.

In Boston it will begin at 2:16 p.m. ET and peak at about 3:29 p.m. ET.

The below table by NASA shows when the eclipse will start, peak and end in 13 cities along the eclipse's path.

What time will the solar eclipse reach peak totality?

Millions more people will have the chance to witness the total solar eclipse this year than during the last total solar eclipse , which was visible from the U.S. in 2017. 

The eclipse's peak will mean something different for cities within the path of totality and for those outside. Within the path of totality, darkness will fall for a few minutes. The longest will last more than 4 minutes, but most places will see between 3.5 and 4 minutes of totality. In cities experiencing a partial eclipse, a percentage of the sun will be obscured for more than two hours.

Mazatlán is set to experience totality at 11:07 am PT. Dallas will be able to see the moon fully cover the sun at 1:40 p.m. CT. Little Rock will start to see the full eclipse at 1:51 p.m. CT, Cleveland at 3:13 p.m. ET and Buffalo at 3:18 p.m. ET. Totality will reach Burlington at 3:26 p.m. ET before moving into the remaining states and reaching Canada around 4:25 p.m.

Outside the path of totality, 87.4% of the sun will be eclipsed in Washington, D.C. at 3:20 p.m. ET, and Chicago will have maximum coverage of 93.9% at 2:07 p.m. CT. New York City is much closer to the path of totality this year than it was in 2017; it will see 89.6% coverage at 3:25 p.m. EDT. 

Detroit is another city that will encounter a near-total eclipse, with 99.2% maximum coverage at 3:14 p.m. ET. Boston will see 92.4% coverage at 3:29 p.m. ET.

What time will the solar eclipse end?

The eclipse will leave continental North America from Newfoundland, Canada, at 5:16 p.m. NT, according to NASA.

At the beginning of the path of totality in Mazatlán, the eclipse will be over by 12:32 p.m. PT, and it will leave Dallas at 3:02 p.m. CT. The eclipse will end in Little Rock at 3:11 p.m. CT, Cleveland at 4:29 p.m. CDT and Buffalo at 4:32 p.m. ET. Burlington won't be far behind, with the eclipse concluding at 4:37 p.m. ET.

Meanwhile, the viewing will end in Chicago at 3:21 p.m. CT, Washington, D.C. at 4:32 p.m. ET, and New York City at 4:36 p.m. ET. 

In Detroit, the partial eclipse will disappear at 4:27 p.m. ET, and in Boston, it will be over at 4:39 p.m. ET.

How long will the eclipse last in total?

The total solar eclipse will begin in Mexico at 11:07 a.m. PT and leave continental North America at 5:16 p.m. NT. From the time the partial eclipse first appears on Earth to its final glimpses before disappearing thousands of miles away, the celestial show will dazzle viewers for about 5 hours, according to timeanddate.com . 

The length of the total solar eclipse at points along the path depends on the viewing location. The longest will be 4 minutes and 28 seconds, northwest of Torreón, Mexico. Near the center of the path, totality takes place for the longest periods of time, according to NASA.

Spectators will observe totality for much longer today than during the 2017 eclipse , when the longest stretch of totality was 2 minutes and 32 seconds.

The moon's shadow seen on Earth today, called the umbra, travels at more than 1,500 miles per hour, according to NASA. It would move even more quickly if the Earth rotated in the opposite direction.

What is the longest a solar eclipse has ever lasted?

The longest known totality was 7 minutes and 28 seconds in 743 B.C. However, NASA says this record will be broken in 2186 with a 7 minute, 29 second total solar eclipse. The next total solar eclipse visible from parts of the U.S. won't happen until Aug. 23, 2044.

Sarah Maddox has been with CBS News since 2019. She works as an associate producer for CBS News Live.

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New York appeals judge rejects Donald Trump’s request to delay his April 15 hush money trial

FILE - Republican presidential candidate former President Donald Trump speaks, April 2, 2024, at a rally in Green Bay, Wis. (AP Photo/Mike Roemer, File)

FILE - Judge Juan M. Merchan poses in his chambers in New York, Thursday, March 14, 2024. Former President Donald Trump is demanding a new judge just days before his hush-money criminal trial is set to begin, rehashing longstanding grievances with Merchan, the current judge, in a long-shot, eleventh-hour bid to disrupt and delay the case. (AP Photo/Seth Wenig)

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NEW YORK (AP) — A New York appeals court judge on Monday rejected Donald Trump’s bid to delay his April 15 hush money criminal trial while he mounts a last-minute fight to move the case out of Manhattan, foiling the former president’s latest attempt to put off the historic trial.

Justice Lizbeth González of the state’s mid-level appeals court ruled after an emergency hearing Monday where Trump’s lawyers asked that she postpone the trial indefinitely while they seek a change of venue.

They contended the presumptive Republican nominee faces “real potential prejudice” in heavily Democratic Manhattan and said the jury pool has been polluted by news coverage of Trump’s other recent cases, including his $454 million civil fraud judgment and the $83.3 million he’s been ordered to pay for defaming writer E. Jean Carroll. He is appealing both verdicts.

“Jury selection cannot proceed in a fair manner,” Trump lawyer Emil Bove argued, citing the defense’s polling and a review of media coverage.

Trump’s hush money trial is the first of his four criminal indictments slated to go to trial and would be the first criminal trial ever of a former president.

In a separate appellate matter, Trump’s lawyers are challenging a gag order barring him from making comments about jurors, witnesses and others connected to the case. The trial judge, Juan M. Merchan, recently expanded the gag order after Trump lashed out at his daughter, a Democratic political consultant, on social media. The appeals court will hear that matter Tuesday.

Trump, who lived in Manhattan for decades and rose to fame as a real estate developer shaping its iconic skyline, has suggested the trial should be moved to Staten Island, the only New York City borough he won in 2016 and 2020.

Steven Wu, the appellate chief for the Manhattan district attorney’s office, noted that Merchan, had already rejected Trump’s requests to move or delay the trial as untimely.

“The question in this case is not whether a random poll of New Yorkers from whatever neighborhood are able to be impartial, it’s about whether a trial court is able to select a jury of 12 impartial jurors,” Wu said.

He blamed Trump for stoking pretrial publicity with “countless media appearances talking about the facts of this case, the witnesses, and so on.”

As the appeals court fight was playing out, Merchan released his plan Monday for conducting jury selection, including what jurors will and won’t be asked about their views on Trump.

In a letter to both sides, Merchan declared that choosing jurors isn’t about whether they like or don’t like anyone in the case but whether prospective jurors can assure they will “set aside any personal feelings or biases and render a decision that is based on the evidence and the law.”

Paperwork relating to Trump’s appeals was placed under seal and not publicly available.

Trump had pledged to appeal after Merchan ruled last month that the trial would begin April 15. His lawyers had pleaded to delay the trial at least until summer to give them more time to review late-arriving evidence from a prior federal investigation into the matter. Merchan, who had already moved the trial from its original March 25 start date , said no further delays were warranted.

Trump’s lawyers filed their appeals Monday on two separate court dockets. One was styled as a lawsuit against Merchan, a legal mechanism allowing them to challenge his rulings.

In New York, judges can be sued over some judicial decisions under a state law known as Article 78. Trump has used the tactic before, including against the judge in his civil fraud case in an unsuccessful last-minute bid to delay that case last fall.

In the hush-money criminal case, he is accused of falsifying his company’s records to hide the nature of payments to his former lawyer and fixer Michael Cohen , who helped him bury negative stories during his 2016 campaign. Cohen’s activities included paying porn actor Stormy Daniels $130,000 to suppress her claims of an extramarital sexual encounter with Trump years earlier.

Trump pleaded not guilty last year to 34 felony counts of falsifying business records. He has denied having a sexual encounter with Daniels. His lawyers argue the payments to Cohen were legitimate legal expenses.

As Trump’s lawyers stressed Monday that he was facing an unprecedented level of damaging publicity in Manhattan, they also referenced a decision issued by the state’s appellate court more than 25 years ago.

In that case, the court agreed to move the trial of four New York City police officers charged with killing Amadou Diallo, an unarmed Guinean student, in the Bronx. Citing the “public clamor” in the city, the court agreed to move the trial to Albany, where the officers were ultimately acquitted.

Trump’s move to the appeals court Monday is the latest escalation in his battles with Merchan.

Last week, Trump renewed his request for the judge to step aside from the case, citing Merchan’s daughter’s work as the head of a firm whose clients have included his rival President Joe Biden, Vice President Kamala Harris and other Democrats.

The former president alleges the judge is biased against him and has a conflict of interest because of his daughter’s work. The judge rejected a similar request last August.

If the hush-money trial were to be moved out of Manhattan, it’s unlikely Merchan would go with it. In past cases, like the Diallo matter, a new judge was picked from the county where the trial ended up being held.

Trump has also made numerous other attempts to get the trial postponed, echoing a strategy he’s deployed in his other criminal cases. “We want delays,” Trump proclaimed to TV cameras outside a February pretrial hearing in his hush money case.

Merchan last week rejected his request to delay the trial until the U.S. Supreme Court rules on presidential immunity claims he raised in another of his criminal cases.

Trump also filed an eve-of-trial lawsuit against the judge in his New York civil fraud case, accusing the jurist of repeatedly abusing his authority. Among other issues, Trump’s lawyers in that case complained that Judge Arthur Engoron had refused their request to delay the trial. Their suit was filed about three weeks before the trial was slated to begin.

A state appeals court rejected Trump’s claims , and the trial started as scheduled Oct. 2.

Engoron, who decided that case without a jury, ruled that Trump, his company and key executives defrauded bankers and insurers by overstating his wealth in documents used to get loans and coverage. Trump denied any wrongdoing and is appealing the finding and staggering penalty.

Your last-minute guide to Monday's total solar eclipse

A total solar eclipse will cross North America on Monday , offering millions a rare opportunity to see afternoon skies temporarily darken as the moon blocks the face of the sun.

Tune into NBC News NOW as Lester Holt hosts a two-hour special at 2 p.m. ET Monday from Indianapolis Motor Speedway.

The eclipse's path fortuitously cuts across Mexico, 15 U.S. states and a small part of eastern Canada. In all other states in the continental U.S., viewers will be treated to a partial solar eclipse, with the moon appearing to take a bite out of the sun and obscuring part of its light.

Here’s everything you need to know about the rare celestial event.

What is a solar eclipse?

Solar eclipses occur when the sun, moon and Earth align. The moon passes between Earth and sun, temporarily blocking the sun’s light and casting a shadow on Earth.

A total solar eclipse is when the moon fully obscures the sun, whereas a partial solar eclipse means it blocks just a portion of the sun’s face.

Solar eclipses occur only with the new moon. Because the moon’s orbit around Earth is tilted, the three bodies don’t always line up in a way that creates an eclipse.

“Imagine if the moon’s orbit were in the plane of Earth’s orbit around the sun — if that were the case, then every new moon, you’d have a total solar eclipse and every full moon, you’d have a lunar eclipse,” Neil DeGrasse Tyson, director of the Hayden Planetarium at the American Museum of Natural History, told NBC News. “So, because things don’t always align, it lends to the rarity of the event and the specialness of the event.”

Where and when will the eclipse be visible?

This year’s eclipse will follow a slightly wider path over more populated areas of the continental U.S. than other total solar eclipses have in the recent past.

NASA estimates that 31.6 million people live within what’s known as the path of totality, where the total solar eclipse will be visible. An additional 150 million people live within 200 miles of the path, according to the agency.

The path travels through Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine. Tiny parts of Michigan and Tennessee will also be able to witness totality if conditions are clear.

After the eclipse crosses into Canada, it will pass over southern Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton, at the eastern end of Nova Scotia.

Those outside the path of totality can still take part in the astronomical event by viewing a partial solar eclipse — visible throughout all 48 states of the contiguous U.S. — or a NASA livestream.

The timing, including how long totality lasts, depends on the location, but some spots will see the moon fully cover the sun for up to 4 minutes and 28 seconds.

Below is a list of timings for some cities along the path of totality, as  provided by NASA . A number of other resources, including NationalEclipse.com  and  TimeandDate.com , can also help people plan.

• Dallas: Partial eclipse begins at 12:23 p.m. CT and totality at 1:40 p.m.
• Little Rock, Arkansas: Partial eclipse begins at 12:33 p.m. CT and totality at 1:51 p.m.
• Cleveland: Partial eclipse begins at 1:59 p.m. ET and totality at 3:13 p.m.
• Buffalo, New York: Partial eclipse begins at 2:04 p.m. ET and totality at 3:18 p.m.
• Lancaster, New Hampshire: Partial eclipse begins at 2:16 p.m. ET and totality at 3:27 p.m.

How to safely view a solar eclipse

It is never safe to gaze directly at the sun, even when it is partly or mostly covered by the moon. Special eclipse glasses or  pinhole projectors  are required to safely view solar eclipses and prevent eye damage. Failing to take the proper precautions can result in severe eye injury,  according to NASA .

Eclipse glasses are thousands of times darker than normal sunglasses and specially made to enable wearers to look at the sun during these kinds of celestial events.

Sky-watchers should also never view any part of the sun through binoculars, telescopes or camera lenses unless they have specific solar filters attached. Eclipse glasses should not be used with these devices, as they will not provide adequate protection.

However, during the few minutes of totality, when the moon is fully blocking the sun, it is safe to look with the naked eye.

Beware of fake eclipse glasses. On legitimate pairs, the lenses should have a silver appearance on the front and be black on the inside. The manufacturer’s name and address should be clearly labeled, and they should not be torn or punctured. Check, as well, for the ISO logo and the code “IS 12312-2” printed on the inside.

If you don’t have eclipse glasses, you can make a homemade pinhole projector, which lets sunlight in through a small hole, focuses it and projects it onto a piece of paper, wall or other surface to create an image of the sun that is safe to look at. 

All you need is two pieces of white cardboard or plain white paper, aluminum foil and a pin or thumbtack. Cut a 1- to 2-inch square or rectangle out of the center of a piece of white paper or cardboard. Tape aluminum foil over that cut-out shape, then use a pin or thumbtack to poke a tiny hole in the foil.

During the eclipse, place a second piece of white paper or cardboard on the ground as a screen and hold the projector with the foil facing up and your back to the sun. Adjusting how far you hold the projector from the second piece of paper will alter the size of the image on the makeshift screen.

What to look for while viewing the total solar eclipse

For people along the path of totality, there are some fun milestones to keep track of as the total solar eclipse unfolds.

As the eclipse progresses and the sun gets thinner in the sky, it will start to get eerily dark, according to Tyson.

When the last beams of sunlight are about to become obscured, look out for the “diamond ring effect”: The sun’s atmosphere will appear as an illuminated halo, and the last light still visible will look like the diamond of a giant ring.

As the sunlight decreases even further, an effect known as Baily’s beads will be created by the moon’s rugged terrain. Tiny “beads” of light will be visible for only a few seconds around the dark moon, as the last bits of sunlight peer through the moon’s mountains and valleys.

When the moon is fully blocking the sun, it is safe to remove eclipse glasses and look at the total solar eclipse with the naked eye.

Some lucky sky-watchers may even catch a glimpse of a comet .

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks — nicknamed the “ devil comet ” because an eruption last year left it with two distinct trails of gas and ice in the shape of devil horns — is currently visible from the Northern Hemisphere as it swings through the inner solar system.

The comet can be seen in the early evenings by gazing toward the west-northwest horizon. During the eclipse, when skies darken during totality, it may be possible to see the comet near Jupiter, but its visibility will depend on whether it’s in the middle of an outburst and thus brighter than normal.

Most likely, all eyes will be on the alignment of the moon and sun.

“Most people won’t even notice,” Tyson said. “But if you know to look, it’s there.”

When is the next solar eclipse?

The next total solar eclipse will be in 2026, but it will mostly pass over the Arctic Ocean, with some visibility in Greenland, Iceland, Portugal and northern Spain. In 2027, a total solar eclipse will be visible in Spain and a swath of northern Africa.

The next total solar eclipse visible from North America will be in 2033, but only over Alaska. Then in 2044, a total solar eclipse will cross Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, parts of Canada and Greenland.

The next total solar eclipse to cross the continental U.S. coast-to-coast in will occur in 2045. The path of totality for that eclipse will cut through California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia and Florida.

Denise Chow is a reporter for NBC News Science focused on general science and climate change.

Lucas Thompson is a content producer for the NBC News Climate Unit.

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How One Family Lost $900,000 in a Timeshare Scam

A mexican drug cartel is targeting seniors and their timeshares..

This transcript was created using speech recognition software. While it has been reviewed by human transcribers, it may contain errors. Please review the episode audio before quoting from this transcript and email [email protected] with any questions.

Hello, James.

Hey. How’s it going?

Yeah. I’m not having much luck. So the problem is funding. And all of my money is in Mexico, all of it.

From “The New York Times,” I’m Katrin Bennhold. This is “The Daily.” A massive scam targeting elderly Americans who own timeshare properties has resulted in hundreds of millions of dollars sent to Mexico.

Once you move forward and make your payment, if anything were to happen, he will directly pay you the full amount of what you’re entitled to, including the gains. He will pay you the full amount.

You’ve got all my money. It’s been sent. I sold a freaking house.

Listen to this. I sold a house that I grew up in so that I could come up with funds to send to Mexico.

I don’t even have anything from the sale, nothing.

My colleague Maria Abi-Habib on one victim who lost everything and the people on the other side of the phone.

That’s it. That’s it. There’s nothing —

You know what? That’s what has been said every freaking time. Every time, just pay this. That releases the funds.

But that’s why we won’t allow it to happen again. This is the last time, James.

It’s Friday, April 12.

Maria, you’ve been looking into this scam that’s targeting Americans. Where did your investigation start?

So several weeks ago, I received a phone call from a lawyer based in St. Petersburg, Florida, who had been contacted by a family who was very concerned that the father, this man named James, was in the middle of being scammed. He’d sent hundreds of thousands dollars to Mexico. And he was considering sending another $157,000 when his daughter decided to call up this law firm and try to get her father to stop, stop sending money to Mexico.

So I called him a few weeks ago as I was trying to understand what was going on.

Hi, James. How are you?

Good. Thank you.

He’s asked that his last name be withheld for privacy concerns because he’s quite embarrassed about the story that I’m about to tell you.

You’re retired now, but what were you doing for work? And if your wife was working, what was her job?

I was with the Highway Patrol.

James is a retired state trooper from California. And his wife Nikki is a former school nurse.

She was born in ‘51. So 71-ish.

Two. She’s just reminded me, 72.

And they’re both in their early 70s. And they own this timeshare that is in Lake Tahoe, California. And they bought it in the 1990s for about $8,000.

And for someone who did not grow up vacationing in a timeshare, remind me how exactly timeshares work.

Timeshares are essentially vacation properties. And they tend to be beach resorts. And multiple people can buy into this property. The ownership is a shared ownership. And this gives you the right to use the timeshare for one to two weeks out of every year.

And so James and Nikki used their timeshare every other year with their daughters. But as they hit retirement age and their daughters are growing up and starting their own families, they’re just not really using it that much anymore. And timeshares require the owners to pay off yearly maintenance fees. And so they’re starting to think about maybe letting go of their timeshare and selling it.

Then one day, in late 2022, James gets a phone call from a company that is purporting to be based out of Atlanta, Georgia called Worry Free Vacations.

Worry Free Vacations?

That sounds enticing.

Yeah. And they start off with a simple question, which is, do you want to buy a timeshare? And James says, I already have a timeshare. And then they say, great. Well, what about selling the timeshare? Do you want to sell? There’s this Mexican businessman, and he’s interested in your timeshare. And he’s willing to buy it for about $20,000.

So we figured, well, what the heck? If we can make a few bucks on it, we’ll go for it.

And James jumps at the opportunity.

And did he do anything to try and verify that this was real?

Yeah. So remember, James is former law enforcement. And he feels very confident in his abilities to sniff out untrustworthy people. So he goes online, and he googles this Mexican businessman and sees that, yeah, he is a real person.

He’s a very well-respected individual in Mexico, very well off. And —

And this makes James feel at ease, that he’s selling to a legitimate person, that Worry Free Vacations are who they claim to be and that he’s going to double his money overnight, essentially.

And what happens next?

Well, a couple of weeks after he makes the agreement with the buyer, he’s told that he needs to send a couple thousand dollars to facilitate the purchase.

What does that mean, facilitate?

[MUSIC PLAYING]

I can’t remember specifically whether it was supposed to be cross-border registration —

So he’s being told that there are these fees that are paid directly to the Mexican government.

Or SPID or some other fee that was Mexican government required or not.

A lot of these fees are the same types of fees that you would pay in the United States for a real estate transaction. So he begins wiring money to an account in Mexico.

After that —

— a few days later, we get a notification. Well, everything went well, except that we have to pay an additional fee.

Every time that he sends one fee, he’s being told that he’s got to send another fee right afterwards.

Does he get suspicious at any point?

His wife is suspicious. After the first couple of payments, she starts saying, this does not feel right.

But James is the former law enforcement officer, right? And he’s the one that basically handles the family finances. And he’s confident that all of this is going to work out because he’s being told that the buyer of the timeshare will reimburse James for all of these fees once the sale goes through.

Michael from the Worry Free Vacations was constantly reassuring me the money’s in that account. Check with the commercial escrow account. It’s there. It’s just these fees have to be paid, and you’re being reimbursed for all of this.

They’re sending James documents that show all of the reimbursements that he’s owed and how much money he’s going to get. And this just makes him feel like all of this is kosher.

We have this commercial escrow company that was involved out of New York. So there was an air of legitimacy that I was comfortable with.

Maybe OK, these guys just need one more fee and everything is going to finally be cleared.

But about a year in, James starts to get suspicious. He begins asking questions because he wants his money.

And every time I asked, hey, is there a way I can get a partial release of these funds, there was always no, these funds have to be paid from your account before they’re released.

But Worry Free Vacations, they pivot. And they tell him that, listen, there are all these complications. It’s going to be really hard to get your money out from this transaction.

I could pay about $30,000 and change to reinvest the $313,000 into an environmentally-conscious development in Loreto, Mexico.

Instead, we’ve got this other investment opportunity in Mexico.

And I’m sure you know where that is, over on the East Coast of Baja.

And that is going to make you a huge return, even more money than you had thought that you were going to make, much more than the $20,000.

I’m supposed to have 54 million pesos in a Mexican bank account.

So this is now no longer just about his timeshare. They are now partners in a real estate investment.

Right. And there’s this whole new round of fees and fines associated with that.

So how many payments would you say?

Quite a few. Couple dozen at least, maybe more.

When was your last payment?

It would have been 17 January.

Uh-huh. And what was that for?

Good question.

And all along, he believed it was necessary to pay these costs just to get the money that he’s owed.

The amount of money that I’ve sent to Mexico is just freaking exorbitant. And I mean, it is approaching $900,000 or more.

And at this point, he’s sent about $900,000 to Mexico over about a year and a half.

Nearly $1 million.

That was almost all the money that he and his wife had saved for their retirement.

It also included money from the sale of James’s childhood home and money that he had borrowed from his daughter and son-in-law, about $150,000 from them.

It’s awful. So they were completely cleaned out by these guys.

Yeah. And this is when his daughter asks a law firm to look into this, which is the point in the story when I meet James. And when we start talking, it was clear to me that he just did not know what to think, even after losing this much money.

So this started in 2022. When did it end?

We’re still in it.

And he’s still talking to the scammers.

And as a matter of fact, presently, there was a request for $157,000 and change to clear up this whole thing. It would clear the entire issue out. Now —

And James is even considering putting a second mortgage on his house to send that money that he’d been promised would finally clear all this up — one final payment of $157,000.

It really sounds like he’s still wanted to believe that this was somehow legit.

Yeah. It was pretty clear to me that he was being scammed. But I didn’t definitively know what was going on, so I asked him if he could start recording his phone calls with the scammers.

Would you be so kind as to do me a favor?

Would you be willing to give them a call and record them?

[LAUGHS]: I’ll let you in on a little secret. I’ve been recording them.

And it turns out he already had been.

Worry Free Vacations.

So he shared the recordings of these calls that he’d had with these scammers over the last year or so. And it was just remarkable. It gave me huge insight into how the scam worked and the way that it sounded over the phone.

Is this is Michael in? I think he’s trying to call me. I couldn’t get through pick up.

Yes, I believe he did try to call you, sir. Give me a second. I think he’s only going to be in for a couple of minutes. One second.

There are two main takeaways for me listening to these calls.

Good afternoon. Michael McCarthy.

Michael, I missed your call. I was trying to pick up.

Yeah, don’t worry. Yeah, I figured something was wrong with your phone. Everything OK?

The first is that these scammers had really gotten to know James so well, and they really made James believe that Worry Free was a company that was working for him.

That’s why we need to hurry up and get this money over to you. Because hey, I’m losing my mind too. I’m not even here to convince you, James. I’m not — I’m your broker, and —

One of the things they continuously say is, trust me.

Look, I’m doing everything I can in my power and will on my end. So James, just look — like I told you from the get-go, I’m going to resolve this. And we are doing it. I just need you to focus on the goal.

They would refocus the conversation on what James needed to do to get his money back.

Look, if you make your payment as a security deposit, right away they will release the funds to you. With these —

And the other thing —

I’ve been having so much trouble trying to reach you, and I have not been successful.

— is that the scammers had created this elaborate cast of characters.

Why don’t you answer my calls?

And some of them were really aggressive. James shared a recording of this one man who claimed to be an agent for the Mexican government. And he basically started yelling at James.

I don’t care if your wife is at the hospital. To be honest with you, I don’t give a damn! But you know where I do give a damn? It’s your money, and my name is written all over it! Do you understand?

And he even threatened James. If James didn’t pay off these fines, then he would lose all the money that he’d sent to Mexico already.

You could get the best lawyer you want. You could get whoever you want. And this is not a threat. This is facts. But anyways, who am I to convince you, right?

Well, thank you for the information. And — are you still there? Hello?

Wow. So these scammers were basically doing a good cop, bad cop routine to stop James from walking away and to squeeze every last penny out of him.

If you provide me your email, contact information, I will certainly be happy to forward all of the wire transfer information from my bank account to you so that you can see where those funds went.

Yeah, that would be great. I have your email.

James asks me, a reporter who’s based in Mexico, who speaks the language, if I could help him figure out where his money had gone to.

Thank you very much. I really appreciate your assistance.

I’m just doing my job. Thanks again, and we’ll talk soon.

And the only way that I could figure that out was to understand who was on the other side of the phone.

We’ll be right back.

So Maria, who was on the other side of that phone line?

So by the time that I’d met James, I’d already gotten a tip from US law enforcement agencies that they were seeing a new trend. Mexican drug cartels were getting involved in the timeshare scam industry.

Drug cartels?

Yeah. And not just any drug cartel. This is one of the most notorious, violent, bloody drug cartels that exists in Mexico and Latin America, the Jalisco New Generation cartel. And when I looked at James’s bank records, guess what? All the money that he was sending was going to various bank accounts that were all located in Jalisco state in Mexico.

Wow. So why would the drug cartels get into the timeshare scamming business?

It is a huge business. The FBI told me that it’s about $300 million in profits over the last five years.

But the thing is is that the potential for it to actually be multitudes more is huge. Because the FBI estimates that most of the scams are actually not even reported. In fact, only about 20 percent are. So that means the total timeshare scam business could actually be much larger than the $300 million that they have knowledge of over the last five years.

But wait. I thought the drug business was a pretty lucrative business in itself. So why get into the scamming of elderly people for their properties in Lake Tahoe?

Well, you have to remember that these drug cartels, they’re not just doing one thing. They’re doing multiple things. They’re essentially conglomerates. Because it’s really expensive to run a cartel. You need to pay off officials, both Mexican and American. You need to maintain basically an army in order to secure your routes up to the United States, ports of entry into Mexico from Colombia. And any big business, you need to diversify your income to make sure that you keep the money flowing. Because you never know when one business is going to be shut down by authorities or taken over by your rivals.

We’ve reported that they’re now in the avocado business and the construction business. And timeshare fraud is basically no different than any of those. So we’re seeing that the cartels have their fingers in many pies, the legitimate and the illegitimate economy here in Mexico.

It’s kind of fascinating to think of these drug cartels as like sprawling diversified business empires. But when did the cartels first get into the scamming business?

So Jalisco New Generation started about 15 years ago.

And when they started to consolidate their empire in Jalisco state, they found that there were all these scam timeshare call centers all over the state that were being run by various players, and that this was a huge, huge moneymaker. Because essentially, all you have to do is call up retired senior citizens in the US and Canada. It doesn’t take that much money to run that kind of a scheme. There’s no product you’re making.

So essentially, they conducted a hostile takeover of these call centers. They went in. They kicked down doors and dragged out the people who were managing these call centers by their hair and threatened to kill them unless they gave up the call centers or started handing over a cut of what they made. And slowly, slowly Jalisco New Generation cartel took over the entire timeshare fraud industry.

Interesting. Were you able to find any of these call centers?

So these call centers are pretty hard to find. They look like any other storefront. But I was able to visit two that were located in an upscale neighborhood in Guadalajara, which is the capital of Jalisco state. And it was just really perturbing because it was just so normal. Two villas about a mile away from each other outside. Outside of one villa, parents were walking by, holding their children’s hands as they did drop off at school.

It was right next to a park where people taking their morning exercise or their dogs for a walk. There was no real sign that the cartel was doing business there. But a few months before, Mexican law enforcement had found the bodies of eight young people who had used to work at one of these call centers and said that the Jalisco cartel had killed them.

Wow. What happened?

So I wasn’t able to talk directly to any of the victims’ families. They’re just too scared. But in general, this is usually how it starts.

The cartel seeks out English speakers to work for their call centers. Sometimes they don’t even tell them what exactly they are doing. They would tell the recruits that the job was adjacent to the hotel industry.

You have to remember, Jalisco is a huge, huge tourism magnet for Americans and Canadians and others. And the cartel would get their call lists from bribing hotel employees to give them the names of people who stayed at these hotels and also at the timeshare resorts. And the people who would work at the call centers are provided the names and a manual of what you need to do when you call, like a loose script of how to try to suck as much money as you can out of these people up North in Canada and the States.

So we don’t know for sure what exactly happened with the eight young Mexicans who were killed last year. But through an intermediary, one sibling told us that when their family member knew what their job actually was, they became extremely uncomfortable and tried to leave the call center and find another job maybe.

But the Jalisco New Generation cartel is known for being extremely brutal. They chop off heads, and they’ll put them on the gates of a playground, for instance. So that everybody in the neighborhood knows what went down. And in this case, it’s possible that they wanted to send a warning that there’s no defection from their timeshare call centers.

So basically making a very scary example of these guys, in case anyone else is thinking about quitting one of the call centers.

Exactly. And one man, who runs an organization who advocates for missing people and actually organizes search parties to comb the forests of Jalisco state looking for the missing, says that he knows of about 30 people who have disappeared from the call centers in Jalisco state since 2017. So while Americans and Canadians might be losing much of their life savings, in Mexico, this is actually deadly.

Are the authorities doing anything about this?

Not really, other than the fact that these two call centers were shut down. The authorities haven’t arrested others. They’re not putting pressure on Mexican banks, for instance, to look into these payments coming from senior citizens in the US or Canada. And you have to remember that people are really afraid. But you also have to remember that in Mexico things are not that clear. There is a lot of corruption and government collusion with organized crime and cartels.

And the tourism industry, it is huge in Mexico and particularly in Jalisco state. This is a multi-billion dollar industry. They don’t want Americans or Canadians or Europeans who are coming to Jalisco for its beautiful beaches and its mountains to hear about these stories regarding the cartels being involved in the tourism industry and think, I’m not going to send my family there for that beach vacation. It’s just simply too dangerous.

So everybody has an incentive to have the scam continue, whether because they’re too afraid and don’t want to speak out or because they’re in on it.

So in a way, local authorities have an interest in sweeping it under the carpet in order to just maintain this idea of a tourist destination.

Exactly. I mean, the spokeswoman for the prosecutor’s office was very responsive to me until I told her what I wanted to ask her questions about. And then she just simply never answered any of my texts or phone calls.

So Maria, based on everything you know, all the information you have, would you say that you’re confident that the cartels were the ones who scammed James?

Yes, 100 percent. Everything I’ve seen points in that direction.

What did James say when you told him this?

So it took him quite a while to really allow himself to believe it. On the advice of his lawyers, he stopped picking up the phone calls. And about a week ago, they stopped after the scammers kept trying to call him.

But you said he was in it for over a year. Why do you think it took him so long?

Can you tell me, after all of that had been presented to you, why do you think you weren’t willing to be entirely convinced?

Well, I actually asked him that question.

That’s a very good question. Why wasn’t I able to pick up on that right away? And I think in the back of my mind, I’m finding out that I’m a little more stubborn than I thought I was.

And for him, it was pretty complicated.

And I think that I didn’t want to believe that I had fallen for this. I didn’t feel I was that foolish and stupid when it came to this. You know? I guess I didn’t want to believe that I could be fooled.

To come to terms with the fact that he had lost so much money was to come to terms with the fact that he wasn’t the person that he thought that he was, that he wasn’t this kind of clever former law enforcement officer who was used to fighting the bad guys and winning.

I’m disappointed in myself. There’s a huge level of anger towards the perpetrators. And all of those things wrapped into one. And part of that, I think, contributes to not wanting to actually believe that I was wrong.

Hmm. Yeah, I hear you. I’m sorry. I can hear the pain in your voice.

[LAUGHS]: Yeah.

Some of it’s based on shame, right? That he lost all this money, everything that he’s worked for, and the fact that this was all supposed to be money that his children and his grandchildren were going to inherit. And now it’s gone.

And have you told your daughter that you think you’ve come to terms with the fact that this might have been a scam?

Oh, she’s been involved. Yeah. They know.

My daughter does.

I’m sorry. This is a tough time.

So I’ve got to make some sort of arrangement to compensate them for this on top of our regular debt. So yeah. It’s been a swell experience, all of it brought on by my — evidently, my stubbornness to believe that I couldn’t possibly be a victim.

How’s your wife doing throughout this whole process, with this new knowledge?

She’s not real happy, obviously, at all. I hear a lot of “I told you so.” And at this point, I’ve got no defense. She’s absolutely right. There’s no question about it.

Do you worry this is going to affect your marriage?

Yes, there has been an effect.

And do you think that at this point there’s any way for James and his family to get some kind of justice or at least find some kind of closure?

Ay. Justice? Unlikely.

At this point, I’m not necessarily expecting much in the way of restitution.

And as for closure, it’s a little bit too soon to tell. In a way, James has gone through several stages of acceptance for what happened. There’s fear. There’s shame. There’s resignation. And now he’s talking to me partly because he feels like it’s a public service, that he needs to be vocal so that other people don’t go through what he’s gone through and fall for the scam. And I think it also helps him feel a little bit empowered in a situation for over the last year and a half he was at the mercy of these people who were calling him multiple times a week.

I want to try to get as much information to as many of these official organizations as possible. I have a streak of anger through me now that I’ve developed to the point where I’m not going to let this go.

Well, Maria, thank you.

Thank you for having me.

Here’s what else you need to know today. OJ Simpson, the football star who was accused and later acquitted of murdering his former wife and her friend, died of cancer at his home in Las Vegas, his family said Thursday. He was 76.

Today’s episode was produced by Astha Chaturvedi and Will Reid, with help from Clare Toeniskoetter and Lindsay Garrison. It was edited by Brendan Klinkenberg and Michael Benoist, contains original music by Marion Lozano, Rowan Niemisto, Dan Powell, Pat McCusker, and Will Reid, and was engineered by Chris Wood. Our theme music is by Jim Brunberg and Ben Landsverk of Wonderly.

[THEME MUSIC]

That’s it for “The Daily.” I’m Katrin Bennhold. See you on Monday.

• April 15, 2024   •   24:07 Iran’s Unprecedented Attack on Israel
• April 14, 2024   •   46:17 The Sunday Read: ‘What I Saw Working at The National Enquirer During Donald Trump’s Rise’
• April 12, 2024   •   34:23 How One Family Lost $900,000 in a Timeshare Scam
• April 11, 2024   •   28:39 The Staggering Success of Trump’s Trial Delay Tactics
• April 10, 2024   •   22:49 Trump’s Abortion Dilemma
• April 9, 2024   •   30:48 How Tesla Planted the Seeds for Its Own Potential Downfall
• April 8, 2024   •   30:28 The Eclipse Chaser
• April 7, 2024 The Sunday Read: ‘What Deathbed Visions Teach Us About Living’
• April 5, 2024   •   29:11 An Engineering Experiment to Cool the Earth
• April 4, 2024   •   32:37 Israel’s Deadly Airstrike on the World Central Kitchen
• April 3, 2024   •   27:42 The Accidental Tax Cutter in Chief
• April 2, 2024   •   29:32 Kids Are Missing School at an Alarming Rate

Hosted by Katrin Bennhold

Produced by Asthaa Chaturvedi and Will Reid

With Clare Toeniskoetter and Lynsea Garrison

Edited by Brendan Klinkenberg and Michael Benoist

Original music by Marion Lozano ,  Rowan Niemisto ,  Dan Powell ,  Pat McCusker and Will Reid

Engineered by Chris Wood

Listen and follow The Daily Apple Podcasts | Spotify | Amazon Music

Warning: this episode contains descriptions of violence.

A massive scam targeting older Americans who own timeshare properties has resulted in hundreds of millions of dollars sent to Mexico.

Maria Abi-Habib, an investigative correspondent for The Times, tells the story of a victim who lost everything, and of the criminal group making the scam calls — Jalisco New Generation, one of Mexico’s most violent cartels.

On today’s episode

Maria Abi-Habib , an investigative correspondent for The New York Times based in Mexico City.

Background reading

How a brutal Mexican drug cartel came to target seniors and their timeshares .

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The Daily is made by Rachel Quester, Lynsea Garrison, Clare Toeniskoetter, Paige Cowett, Michael Simon Johnson, Brad Fisher, Chris Wood, Jessica Cheung, Stella Tan, Alexandra Leigh Young, Lisa Chow, Eric Krupke, Marc Georges, Luke Vander Ploeg, M.J. Davis Lin, Dan Powell, Sydney Harper, Mike Benoist, Liz O. Baylen, Asthaa Chaturvedi, Rachelle Bonja, Diana Nguyen, Marion Lozano, Corey Schreppel, Rob Szypko, Elisheba Ittoop, Mooj Zadie, Patricia Willens, Rowan Niemisto, Jody Becker, Rikki Novetsky, John Ketchum, Nina Feldman, Will Reid, Carlos Prieto, Ben Calhoun, Susan Lee, Lexie Diao, Mary Wilson, Alex Stern, Dan Farrell, Sophia Lanman, Shannon Lin, Diane Wong, Devon Taylor, Alyssa Moxley, Summer Thomad, Olivia Natt, Daniel Ramirez and Brendan Klinkenberg.

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Katrin Bennhold is the Berlin bureau chief. A former Nieman fellow at Harvard University, she previously reported from London and Paris, covering a range of topics from the rise of populism to gender. More about Katrin Bennhold

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